THESIS WRITING

Dr. D.Y. Patil College Of Pharmacy, Akurdi.

Presented By,

Asmita Rajendra MagareM. Pharm 1st year (QAT)

Guided By,Ms. S. C. Daswadkar

( Assistant Professor)

Contents

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Introduction

Structure of thesis

Thesis writing tips

References

Introduction

A thesis is a written record or research report

of the work that has been undertaken by a

candidate.

A thesis is evidence of the candidate’s

capacity to carry out independent research

under the guidance of a guide or supervisor,

and to analyse and communicate the

significant results of that work.3

What’s in the thesis?

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Addresses a problem or series

of problems

Describes what was known about the

problem(s)

What you did to solve the problems

What you think the results

means

How further progress can be

made

Primary pages

Introduction

Literature review

Materials and methods

Results and discussion

Conclusions

References and appendices

Structure of Thesis

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May vary among institutions.

Provide the information about

- Title of the thesis

- Candidate’s name

- Supervisors name

- Name of department and university

- Month and year of submission

Title page

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issued by the supervisor indicating that the work

submitted by the student is the original piece of

work carried out by the student & this has not

been submitted to any other degree or diploma.

Certificate

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Declaration

Declaration by the candidate stating that the results

submitted are the original work and that these have

not been submitted to any other University for award

of any other degree or certificate

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It is important to acknowledge the supervisors and

who have helped for completion of project work .

Thanks to those who have helped contributed both

scientifically and also personally like providing

material, money or moral support.

Acknowledgement

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List all the abbreviations both standard and non-

standard used and the symbols used.

Abbreviations save the space and time, hence it is

very convenient to use abbreviation for lengthy word

and phrases.

The list of abbreviation can act as a useful guide for

reading the thesis.

Abbreviation and symbol

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Example of symbol used

Example of abbreviation used

• Abstract is the most widely read part of the thesis.

• The abstract should include statement of the

problem, as well as summary of methodology, findings

and conclusions.

Abstract

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• avoid including lengthy explanations or opinions.

The thesis must have a table of contents page

listing chapter headings and sub-headings with

page numbers.

The preliminary pages are numbered using roman

numbers (i ,ii, iii, ….) and the remainder of thesis

is numbered using Arabic numbers (1,2,3, …).

Table of contents

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• To be written before the abstract. introduce the topic

in an interesting manner. first one or two paragraphs

need not be in a scientific language.

• State its importance. broader view of the problem

and narrow down to the point. briefly point out how the

problem has been addressed till now.

Introduction

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What to write in the Introduction?

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• Provide comprehensive &critical review of the majorfindings in the area.

What do we know about the

topic?

• Identifying what the gaps in ourcurrent understanding of thefield are, and why it is importantthat these gaps be closed.

What we don’t know (gap in knowledge)

• A clear statement summarizingwhat’s known , what needs to belearned, and what your paperaims to accomplish.

What we are now showing

Writing Good Introduction

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What is Known?

What is

Un-know?

Why the Study was done?

Should cover all the work that has been carried out by

workers in this area. References should be appropriately

cited. Point out what has been done till date make sure

you don’t omit any relevant papers.

A ‘literature review’ is the documentation of the

related work done by other researcher including its

merits and demerits.

Literature review

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In some cases there is the requirement for inclusion of

middle chapters containing some theory.

It may be required to establish a theory, describe the

techniques used for testing the proposed theory.

The middles chapter(s)

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Varies from thesis to thesis.

Absent in theoretical cases.

Protocols should be described in detail along with

the proper references.

Provide detailed methodology used to conduct the

experiment.

Highlight critical steps or precaution

Material and method

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IF THE THESIS IS THEORETICAL

If you are reporting theoretical work that is not

original make sure you include sufficient material to

allow the reader to understand the arguments used and

their basis.

Do not include any material that can be found in a

standard text.

Do not include theory that is not related to your work.

Concentrate equally on the physical arguments and

the equations.

Order in which you did the work may not the same as

the order of presentation. 25

Results in the same order as the order of

experiments.

describe briefly the experiment and indicate the

results obtained.

Discuss each set of experimental results in the

light of reported literature and comment on

similarities or variations if any.

Result and discussion

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Data presentation -

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Result and discussion….

Tables can be used to display precise numeric values.

Figures are better for conveying trends or proportions.

Clear charts, photographs, and drawings can quickly convey the primary findings of research.

All statistical analyses, where appropriate, should be described.

Summary of conclusions to be given point wise .

Conclusions are not a rambling summary of the thesis.

All conclusions should be directly related to the

research question stated.

Has your work produced any interesting results that

need further investigations.

Suggestions for further work.

Conclusion

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How to write a conclusion?

•What is the strongest and most important statement that

you can make from your observations?

•Refer back to problem posed, and describe the

conclusions that you reached from carrying out this

investigation.

•Summarize new observations, new interpretations,

and new insights that have resulted from the present

work.29

Reference

It is important that the research should go to the primary

sources of information and collect the references from

original articles published in a journal or a reprint

obtain from the author.

follow a standard format for references. Reference

style should not be changing for each reference.

The most important thing is that once the system is

selected is used throughout the text.30

Harvard-system

• Widely used in social sciences.

• Eg: Padda, J. (2003) ‘creative writing in coventry'. Journal ofwriting studies 3 (2), 44-59.

Vancouver-system

• used in natural and medical sciences.

• Eg: Haas AN, Susin C, Albandar JM, et al. Azithromycin as aadjunctive treatment of aggressive periodontitis: 12-monthsrandomized clinical trial. N Engl J Med. 2008 Aug; 35(8):696-704.

Systems for organizing the references

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Appendices

If there is material that should be in the thesis but each

would be breakup the flow or bore the reader

unbearably, include it as an appendix.

Some part which typically included in appendices are

•Approval letter from animal ethical committee.

•Important and original computer programmes.

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• Tables and figures, including caption which are

complicated and more than 1-2 pages.

• Complicated procedure and calculations.

Appendices…

.

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• Data files that are too large to be represented

simply in the results chapters.

Use proper tools for your research and your writing.

Divide the entire thesis into chapters, sections, subsections, paragraphs.

Avoid lengthy sentences.

Start to write as early as possible, even if it is only your random thoughts.

Thesis writing - tips

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Reference

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Chandrakant kokare, Shrikant kokate Research Methodology

First Edition Sep.2013. Nirali Prakashan Page. No : 8.1-8.24.

A.R.Madgulkar, N.S.Vyawahare, Miss.V.Bonsode Research

Methodology First Edition Sep.2013 page. No : 8.2-8.3

http://jntuh.ac.in/bulletin_board/Academic_regulations

1285946745.pdf

www.uni-hohenheim.de/fangmeier/How to write a thesis.pdf

http://www.siddharthapharmacy.com/downloads/M.Pharm

Required_Certificate_thesis_writing_format%20(1).pdf

file:///F:/gread/ThesisguidelinesGGNB201604.pdf

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Thank You