as 3586.1-1994 ferroalloys - sampling particulate alloys

7/31/2019 As 3586.1-1994 Ferroalloys - Sampling Particulate Alloys

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AS 3586.11994

Australian Standard

FerroalloysSampling

Part 1: Particulate alloys


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This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee MN/6, Ferroalloys. It wasapproved on behalf of the Council of St andards Australia on 16 August 1994 andpublished on 5 December 1994.

The following interests are represented on Committee MN/6:

Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy

Australian Foundry InstituteBureau of Steel Manufacturers of Australia

Confederation of Australian Industry

Review of Austr alia n Standa rds. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subjectto periodic review and are kept up to date by the i ssue of amendments or new editions as necessary. It isimportant t herefore t hat Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition, and anyamendments thereto.

Full details of all Australian Standards and related publications wil l be found in t he Standards AustraliaCatalogue of Publications; t his information is supplemented each month by the magazine The AustralianStandard, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publications, new editionsand amendments, and of withdrawn Standards.

Suggestions for improvements t o Australian Standards, addressed to the head office of Standards Australia,are welcomed. Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard should be madewithout delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 93168.


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AS 3586.11994

Australian Standard

FerroalloysSampling


First published as AS 3586.1 1994.

PUBLISHED BY ST ANDARDS AUSTRALIA(STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA)1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140

ISBN 0 7262 9253 2


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AS 3586.1 1994 2

PREFACE

This Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee on Ferroalloys, as one ofa series of Standards for the sampling of ferroalloys. Other parts of this Standard are as

follows:

Part 2: Sampling of molten alloys

Part 3: Preparation of samples

*Part 4: Determination of quality variation, precision and bias

The objective of this Standard is to provide those responsible for sampling ferroalloys with

standardized methods that will ensure uniformity of material submitted f or testing and analysis.

The terms normative and informative have been used in this Standard to define the

application of the Appendices to which they apply. A normative appendix is an integral partof a Standard, whereas an informative appendix is for guidance and information only.

* In course of preparation.

Copyright STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia publications and software. Except where theCopyright Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia may bereproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or t ransmitted by any means without prior permission in writing fromStandards Australia. Permission may be conditional on an appropriate royalty payment. Requests for permission and information oncommercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia.

Standards Australia will permit up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use exclusivelyin-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia.

Standards Australia will also permit the inclusion of its copyright material in computer software programs for no royaltypayment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs.

Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the current edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever theStandard is amended or r evised. The number and date of the Standard should t herefore be clearly i dentified.

The use of material in print form or in computer software programs t o be used commercially, with or without payment, or incommercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be varied by Standards Australia at any time.


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3 AS 3586.1 1994

CONTENTS

Page

1 SCO PE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4 NOTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

5 PRINCIPLES OF SAMPLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

6 ESTABLISHING A SAMPLING SCHEME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

7 MASS OF INCREMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

8 NUMBER OF INCREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

9 MASS OF GROSS SAMPLES AND SAMPLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

10 MASS-BASIS SAMPLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

11 TIME-BASIS SAMPLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

12 STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLINGFIXED MASS OR TIME INTERVALS . 1813 MECHANICAL SAMPLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

14 MANUAL SAMPLING FROM MOVING STREAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

15 STOPPED-BELT SAMPLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

16 SAMPLING FROM STATIONARY SITUATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

17 PACKING AND MARKING OF SAMPLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

APPENDICES

A DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

B NOTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

C SAMPLING ERRORS AND SAMPLING VARIANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

D MECHANICAL SAMPLE CUTTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39E MANUAL SAMPLING IMPLEMENTSMOVING STREAMS . . . . . . . . . . 44

F MANUAL SAMPLING IMPLEMENTSSTATIONARY SITUATIONS . . . . 45


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AS 3586.1 1994 4

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard

FerroalloysSampling


1 S COPE This Standard sets out requirements for the sampling of ferroalloys in

particulate form from moving streams and stationary situations, including stopped-beltsampling, to provide samples for chemical analysis, physical testing and total moisture

determination.

Stopped-belt sampling is the reference method for collecting alloy samples against which

other sampling methods are compared. Sampling from moving streams is the preferredmethod. Both falling-stream and cross-belt samplers are described.

Sampling from stationary situations should be considered only where sampling from moving

streams is not possible. The procedures described in this Standard for sampling from

stationary situations merely minimize some of the systematic sampling errors.

Where automatic sampling trains are used, this Standard should be applied in conjunction

with AS 3586.3.

It is noted that some ferroalloys are very dense, and some of the procedures described in this

Standard could become difficult to apply.

2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this

Standard:

AS

1152 Specification for test sieves

3586 FerroalloysSampling

3586.2 Part 2: Sampling of molten alloys

3586.3 Part 3: Preparation of samples

3 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions given in Appendix A

apply.

4 NOTATION A list of symbols used in this Standard is presented in Appendix B.

5 PRINCIPLES OF SAMPLING The basic rule for a correct sampling scheme is that

all parts of alloy in the stream have an equal opportunity of being selected and appearing inthe f inal gross sample for testing. Any deviation from this basic requirement can result in an

unacceptable loss of accuracy and precision. No incorrect sampling scheme can be relied onto provide r epresentative samples.

Sampling should preferably be carried out by systematic sampling, either on a mass basis(see Clause 10) or on a time basis (see Clause 11). However, it needs to be shown that no

systematic error (or bias) could be introduced by periodic variation in quality or quantityhaving a period approximately equal to any multiple of the proposed sampling interval.

COPYRIGHT


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