aquatic invasive species present in otsego county, ny ...€¦ · aquatic invasive species present...

20
Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies Annie Yoo 1 , Kaylee Herzog 2 , and Holly Waterfield CLM 3 INTRODUCTION Otsego County, located in central New York, experiences increased populations in the summer months largely related to tourism and outdoor recreation. Abundant water resources in the county, combined with this increase in summer traffic contribute to the risk of invasive species transport between water bodies and major watersheds. Knowledge of the current distribution of invasive species will allow natural resource managers to prioritize transport prevention and population control measures. Exotic invasive species are those not native to an area that outcompete native species. Such exotic, non-native species typically possess traits which, in combination with lack of natural disease and/or predators, allow them to out-compete native species (Santos et al. 2011) and in-so-doing have negative ecological and economic impacts. Some of these impacts include productivity losses in agriculture, forestry, and other segments of the U.S. economy (Pimentel 2005). Aquatic invasive species (AIS) pose major threats to biodiversity in ecosystems. They often overtake important native aquatic plants and animals, cause habitat degradation and loss, and interfere with water-based recreational activities (Zhang and Boyle 2010). Pimentel (2005) suggests it is difficult to estimate the full extent of the environmental damages caused by invasive species and the number of species extinctions they have caused because little is known about each of the ~750,000 species present in the United States. In most cases AIS are initially introduced to watersheds through recreational boating activities or unintentional “hitchhiking ” (Horvath 2008), which can occur through international trade, with invaders stowed in ships, planes, trucks, or packing materials (McNeely 2001). Aquatic invasive species and their impacts have been the subject of BFS research since its inception in 1968. In terms of surveys to document AIS distribution, surveys were conducted in 2011 to assess AIS in the Catskills region (Harman 2012), but no studies have involved a county-wide assessment in Otsego County. This study was conducted to evaluate the presence/absence of aquatic invasive algae, vascular plants, zooplankton, and invertebrate benthos present in the water bodies of Otsego County, New York. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen lentic systems and 9 lotic systems (Table 1, Figure 1) were assessed for the presence of 24 exotic species (Table 2). Survey sites were chosen based on accessibility and also to achieve relatively even coverage of water bodies across the county, ensuring that the major water ways and water bodies were assessed. Sites chosen for the survey included NYS DEC Boat Launches and Public Fishing Access Points, as human traffic (and associated activities and 1 BFS Intern, summer 2013. Current affiliation: SUNY Oneonta. Funding provided by Otsego Land Trust. 2 SUNY Oneonta Biology Department Intern, summer 2013. Current affiliation: SUNY Oneonta. Funded, in part, by NSF. 3 Research Support Specialist, Biological Field Station (CLM = Certified Lake Manager).

Upload: others

Post on 19-Jul-2020

5 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies

Annie Yoo1, Kaylee Herzog2, and Holly Waterfield CLM3

INTRODUCTION

Otsego County, located in central New York, experiences increased populations in the summer months largely related to tourism and outdoor recreation. Abundant water resources in the county, combined with this increase in summer traffic contribute to the risk of invasive species transport between water bodies and major watersheds. Knowledge of the current distribution of invasive species will allow natural resource managers to prioritize transport prevention and population control measures.

Exotic invasive species are those not native to an area that outcompete native species. Such exotic, non-native species typically possess traits which, in combination with lack of natural disease and/or predators, allow them to out-compete native species (Santos et al. 2011) and in-so-doing have negative ecological and economic impacts. Some of these impacts include productivity losses in agriculture, forestry, and other segments of the U.S. economy (Pimentel 2005). Aquatic invasive species (AIS) pose major threats to biodiversity in ecosystems. They often overtake important native aquatic plants and animals, cause habitat degradation and loss, and interfere with water-based recreational activities (Zhang and Boyle 2010). Pimentel (2005) suggests it is difficult to estimate the full extent of the environmental damages caused by invasive species and the number of species extinctions they have caused because little is known about each of the ~750,000 species present in the United States. In most cases AIS are initially introduced to watersheds through recreational boating activities or unintentional “hitchhiking ” (Horvath 2008), which can occur through international trade, with invaders stowed in ships, planes, trucks, or packing materials (McNeely 2001).

Aquatic invasive species and their impacts have been the subject of BFS research since its inception in 1968. In terms of surveys to document AIS distribution, surveys were conducted in 2011 to assess AIS in the Catskills region (Harman 2012), but no studies have involved a county-wide assessment in Otsego County. This study was conducted to evaluate the presence/absence of aquatic invasive algae, vascular plants, zooplankton, and invertebrate benthos present in the water bodies of Otsego County, New York.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Eighteen lentic systems and 9 lotic systems (Table 1, Figure 1) were assessed for the presence of 24 exotic species (Table 2). Survey sites were chosen based on accessibility and also to achieve relatively even coverage of water bodies across the county, ensuring that the major water ways and water bodies were assessed. Sites chosen for the survey included NYS DEC Boat Launches and Public Fishing Access Points, as human traffic (and associated activities and

1 BFS Intern, summer 2013. Current affiliation: SUNY Oneonta. Funding provided by Otsego Land Trust. 2 SUNY Oneonta Biology Department Intern, summer 2013. Current affiliation: SUNY Oneonta. Funded, in part, by NSF. 3 Research Support Specialist, Biological Field Station (CLM = Certified Lake Manager).

Page 2: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

equipment) is the main vector for transport of invasive species from one locale to another. Additional survey sites for lotic systems were included at all accessible road-crossings. A complete listing of all site locations is provided in Appendix 1. Species not listed in Table 2 were not specifically searched for, though would have been noted if found.

Bottom composition and substrate conditions were characterized for each site, and the presence of a Department of Environmental Conservation angling access or boat launch site was noted. GPS coordinates (datum: NAD 1987) for each survey site were recorded using a Garmin GPSmap 76CSx.

Table 1.Otesgo County water bodies surveyed in 2013 for the presence/absence of 20 aquatic invasive species; Lentic (left) and lotic (right) systems

Lentic Systems (Lakes & Ponds)

Lotic Systems (Rivers & Streams) Number of Sites Sampled

Allen Lake (Richfield Springs, NY)

Butternut Creek 13 Arnold Lake (Hartwick, NY)

Cherry Valley Creek 8

Basswood Pond (Burlington, NY)

Oaks Creek 8 Belvedere Lake (Cherry Valley, NY)

Otego Creek 10

Canadarago Lake (Richfield Springs, NY)

Schenevus Creek 8 Crumhorn Lake (Milford, NY)

Susquehanna River 9

Gilbert Lake (New Lisbon, NY)

Unadilla River 13 Goey Pond (Hartwick, NY)

Unnamed creek, Lull Hill Rd. (Laurens, NY) 1

Goodyear Lake (Portlandville, NY)

Wharton Creek (tributary of Otego Creek) 6 Hunt Union Pond (Oneonta, NY)

Larchwood Lake (New Lisbon, NY) Neahwa Pond (Oneonta, NY) Otsego Lake (Otsego, NY) Silver Lake (New Berlin, NY) Summit Lake (Springfield, NY) Susquehanna State Park Pond (Milford, NY) Wetland, unnamed (Oneonta, NY) Wilber Lake (Oneonta, NY)

Lentic Systems

Sixteen of the 18 lentic systems in this survey were examined via canoe. Permission was sought for access from private sites or onto water bodies with restricted public access (i.e., reservoirs, private residential communities). Observations were also made on shore. Presence of invasive emergent plants was assessed along shorelines, and benthic species were assessed by scanning the available hard substrates. Submerged vegetation was collected by hand-picking shallow rake tosses (two to four sites per system, dependent upon water body size and variability of substrate). Plankton samples were gathered using tow nets (80µm mesh). Otsego and Canadarago Lakes were not directly sampled during this survey due to the size and complexity

Page 3: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

of the systems; presence of invasive species was determined based on recent surveys by BFS personnel (i.e., Canadarago: Albright and Waterfield 2012; Otsego: McShane and Mehigan 2013, Tanner and Albright 2014, Vanassche and Wong in prep).

Figure 1. Map depicting all sites surveyed in the 2013 AIS survey. White dots represent lentic, or still-water systems, black dots indicate lotic, or flowing water, systems.

Lotic Systems

Several locations were sampled along each of the nine lotic systems in this survey, resulting in a total of 76 sampling sites. Riparian areas were assessed at each site for the presence of invasive emergent plants. Seining, dip-netting, hand-sieving and hand-picking were also employed at each site to assess the presence of invasive invertebrates.

Page 4: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Equipment Sterilization and Sample Preservation

At the conclusion of sampling in each location, all equipment was removed from the water and rinsed on-shore with a diluted bleach or rock salt solution. Any organisms which were inconclusively identified on site were saved, marked with collection data, and transported on ice to the laboratory for definitive identification. Plankton samples were transported on ice to the laboratory, preserved with 70% ethanol, and analyzed under a dissecting microscope.

Mapping and Data Portrayal

Waypoints stored at each site were uploaded electronically using Global Mapper™ software. Information regarding the presence or absence of invasive species at each site was attached to each waypoint and graphically represented using ESRI ArcMap software. Data will also be uploaded to iMapInvasives, an online, GIS-based data management system used by citizen scientists, researchers, and natural resource managers to document, assess, and coordinate the management of invasive species.

Table 2. Invasive species for which presence or absence was assessed at each survey site.

Algae Didymosphenia germinate Didymo Nitellopsis obtusa starry stonewort

Vascular Plants Egeria densa Brazillian elodea Hydrilla verticillata Hydrilla Myriophyllum spicatum Eurasian watermilfoil Myriophyllum aquaticum parrot’s feather Myriophyllum heterophyllum variable-leaved watermilfoil Fallopia japonica Japanese knotweed Lythrum salicaria purple loosestrife Phragmites australis common reed Trapa natans water chestnut Hydrocharis morsus-ranae European frog bit Potamogeton crispus curly leaf pondweed

Zooplankton Bythotrephes cederstroemi spiny water flea Cercopagis pengoi fish hook water flea

Invertebrate Benthos Cordylophora caspia freshwater hydroid Corbicula fluminea Asiatic clam Dreissena polymorpha zebra mussel Dreissena bugensis quagga mussel Bithynia tentaculata faucet snail Cipangopaludina chinensis Chinese mystery snail Potamopyrgus antipodarium New Zealand mud snail Orconectes rusticus rusty crayfish Eriocheir sinensis Chinese mitten crab

Page 5: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Figure 2. Survey sheet used to document observations of AIS presence/absence at each site surveyed in the 2013 AIS Survey of Otsego County.

Page 6: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Observations are summarized graphically in Figures 3-7 and in tabular form in Tables 3 and 4. Eight of the 24 surveyed species were observed in at least one location; this survey did not document the presence of any species previously undocumented in the county, though water chestnut, a high-priority species, was found in a new location. The species found were Orconectes rusticus, Trapa natans, Fallopia japonica, Myriophyllum spicatum, Lythrum salicaria, Potamogeton crispus, Nitellopsis obtusa, and Dreissena polymorpha.

Of the sites surveyed, invasive species were found at 48 stream sites, representing 8 of

the 9 lotic systems, and in nine of the 18 surveyed lentic waterbodies (Figure 3, Tables 3 and 4). Sites containing the greatest number of AIS were lentic systems, the top three of which were the three largest lakes included in the survey, Canadarago Lake (7 spp.), Goodyear Lake (5 spp.), and Otsego Lake (7 spp.). A brief overview of each species observed is provided in the following paragraphs.

Orconectes rusticus (rusty crayfish) is the most prolific invasive crayfish in the US.

Native to the Ohio River drainage, rusty crayfish have been spread to 15 states outside of their native range, primarily though bait-bucket introductions and also by releases from science classrooms (Olden et al. 2006). It inhabits lakes, streams, and rivers, preferring habitats where debris for cover is present (Gunderson 2008). Once introduced to a water body, rusty crayfish quickly displace native species of crayfish and result in cascading trophic impacts due in large part to their aggressive behavior and higher metabolism and food consumption (Gunderson 2008). Rusty crayfish were first documented in the upper Susquehanna River drainage in 1991 (Kuhlmann and Hazelton 2007).

Trapa natans (water chestnut) is a Eurasian macrophytic plant that occurs in dense beds

of floating rosettes. It was originally introduced into North America as an ornamental plant, but is now present in lentic water bodies from Virginia north to Vermont in the US and in the province of Quebec in Canada (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture 2013). The dense beds impede recreational activities, displace submerged native plant species, alter littoral bentic inverteberate and epiphytic community composition, and greatly alter the environmental conditions the waters underneath, including increasing summer temperature, creation of anoxic conditions, and decreased light availability (Hummel and Kiviat 2004, Kornijow et al. 2010).

Native to Asia, Fallopia japonica (Japanese knowtweed) was first introduced into Europe

in the mid-19th century and had rapidly invaded areas in the USA by 1877. It is easily identifiable by its hollow, bamboo-like stems that grow in excess of 3 m high. It is most commonly found in riparian zones where water is readily available, but is also common along upland roadsides. Its invasion occurs through the process of colonizing rhizomes, allowing the plant to quickly displace native plant species and reduce area for other animals to survive (Forman and Kesseli 2003).

Page 7: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Figure 3. 2013 Otsego County AIS Survey results. Pie charts mark the location of each lotic survey site or lentic waterbody. The total number of AIS observed at each site is indicated by number of pie “slices” in the chart; each species is represented by a different pattern. In order to avoid overlap of symbols, pie charts indicate the approximate location of sample sites that are in close proximity to another. See insets (Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7) for an enlarged view.

Page 8: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Figure 4. 2013 AIS Survey results in Northwestern Otsego County, NY. Pie charts indicate AIS observed at each survey site. The total number of AIS observed at a particular site is indicated by number of pie “slices” in the chart; each species is represented by a different pattern. In order to avoid overlap of symbols, pie charts indicate the approximate location of sample sites that are in close proximity to another.

Page 9: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Figure 5. 2013 AIS Survey results in Northeastern Otsego County, NY. Pie charts indicate AIS observed at each survey site. The total number of AIS observed at a particular site is indicated by number of pie “slices” in the chart; each species is represented by a different pattern. In order to avoid overlap of symbols, pie charts indicate the approximate location of sample sites that are in close proximity to another.

Page 10: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Figure 6. 2013 AIS Survey results in Southwestern Otsego County, NY. Pie charts indicate AIS observed at each survey site. The total number of AIS observed at a particular site is indicated by number of pie “slices” in the chart; each species is represented by a different pattern. In order to avoid overlap of symbols, pie charts indicate the approximate location of sample sites that are in close proximity to another.

Page 11: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Figure 7. 2013 AIS Survey results in Southeastern Otsego County, NY. Pie charts indicate AIS observed at each survey site. The total number of AIS observed at a particular site is indicated by number of pie “slices” in the chart; each species is represented by a different pattern. In order to avoid overlap of symbols, pie charts indicate the approximate location of sample sites that are in close proximity to another.

Page 12: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Table 3. 2013 Otsego County AIS Survey results for lentic (still-water) systems. Multiple sites were assessed within each waterbody. Species present are indicated by an “x” while those absent are blank. Systems in which no AIS were observed during the survey are listed below the species table.

Lentic Systems (Lakes & Ponds) Eurasian

milfoil Japanese knotweed

purple loosestrife

water chestnut

curly leaf pondweed

zebra mussel

rusty crayfish

starry stonewort

Basswood Pond (Burlington, NY) x Canadarago Lake (Richfield Springs, NY) x x x x x x x Crumhorn Lake (Milford, NY) x Goodyear Lake (Portlandville, NY) x x x x x Larchwood Lake (New Lisbon, NY) x Neahwa Pond (Oneonta, NY) x Otsego Lake (Otsego, NY) x x x x x x x Silver Lake (New Berlin, NY) x x Wetland, unnamed (Oneonta, NY) x x x

No AIS Observed: Allen Lake (Richfield Springs, NY)

Arnold Lake (Hartwick, NY) Belvedere Lake (Cherry Valley, NY) Gilbert Lake (New Lisbon, NY) Goey Pond (Hartwick, NY)

Hunt Union Pond (Oneonta, NY) Summit Lake (Springfield, NY)

Susquehanna State Park Pond (Milford, NY) Wilber Lake (Oneonta, NY)

Page 13: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Table 4. 2013 Otsego County AIS Survey results for lotic systems. Species present are indicated by an “x” while those absent are blank. Sites where no AIS were observed are listed.

Lotic Systems (Rivers & Streams) Site Number

Eurasian milfoil

Japanese knotweed

curly leaf pondweed

zebra mussel

rusty crayfish

Buttnernut Creek, 13 sites sampled Butternut Creek 6 x Butternut Creek 7 x Butternut Creek 10 x Butternut Creek 11 x Butternut Creek 12 x Butternut Creek 13 x

No AIS found: Butternut Creek 1-5, 8, 9 Cherry Valley Creek, 8 sites sampled

Cherry Valley Creek 1 x Cherry Valley Creek 2 x Cherry Valley Creek 4 x

No AIS found: Cherry Valley Creek 3, 5-8 Oaks Creek, 8 sites sampled

Oaks Creek 1 x x x Oaks Creek 3 x x x Oaks Creek 4 x Oaks Creek 5 x Oaks Creek 6 x Oaks Creek 7 x x Oaks Creek 8 x

No AIS found: Oaks Creek 2 Otego Creek, 10 sites sampled

Otego Creek 3 x Otego Creek 5 x Otego Creek 8 x Otego Creek 9 x Otego Creek 10 x

No AIS found: Otego Creek 1-2, 4, 6-7 x Schenevus Creek, 8 sites sampled

Schenevus Creek 1 x x Schenevus Creek 2 x x Schenevus Creek 3 x Schenevus Creek 5 x Schenevus Creek 6 x x Schenevus Creek 7 x x Schenevus Creek 8 x

No AIS found: Schenevus Creek 4

Page 14: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Table 4 cont’d. 2013 Otsego County AIS Survey results for lotic systems. Species present are indicated by an “x” while those absent are blank. Sites where no AIS were observed are listed.

Lotic Systems (Rivers & Streams) Site Number

Eurasian milfoil

Japanese knotweed

curly leaf pondweed

zebra mussel

rusty crayfish

Susquehanna River, 9 sites sampled Susquehanna River 1 x x Susquehanna River 2 x x x Susquehanna River 3 x x x Susquehanna River 4 x x x Susquehanna River 8 x Susquehanna River 9 x

No AIS found: Susquehanna River 5, 6, 7 Unadilla River, 13 sites sampled

Unadilla River 1 x Unadilla River 2 x Unadilla River 3 x x Unadilla River 4 x Unadilla River 5 x Unadilla River 6 x x Unadilla River 7 x Unadilla River 8 x Unadilla River 9 x Unadilla River 10 x Unadilla River 11 x x Unadilla River 12 x Unadilla River 13 x x

Wharton Creek, 6 sites sampled Wharton Creek 1 x

No AIS found: Wharton Creek 2-6 Myriophyllum spicatum (Eurasian watermifoil) and Potamogeton crispus (crispy

pondweed) were introduced to North America from Europe (Santos et al. 2011). These are submerged plant species that have the ability to rapidly dominate aquatic systems through the formation of dense beds that displace native vegetation, reduce phytoplankton densities and open water nutrient concentrations, and impede recreational activities. Past studies have proposed that their competitive advantage and ability to rapidly colonize an area lies in their use of auto fragmentation and lower light and CO2 requirements (Gross et al. 1996).

Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife) was initially introduced to North America in the

early 1800s and has since spread throughout the continent. It is now present in all lower 48 states with the exception of Florida. It has been declared as a noxious weed because of its negative impacts to wetlands, bog turtles, and mammals (Blossey et al. 2001). Many actions have been taken to stop spread of this plant or control established populations, though physical controls such as flooding, burning, and mowing are expensive and have had little or no long term

Page 15: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

effect. Biological control has been successful in reducing the density of L. salicaria and controlling populations over decades of monitoring (Albright et al. 2004). Populations documented in this survey may be targeted for establishment of Galerucella beetles in order to combat spread and recover native wetland plant communities.

Nitellopsis obtusa (starry stonewort) is an exotic charoid macroalga that has been present

in Lake St. Clair since 1986. It can be identified by its starry rhizoids that are present in all parts of the plant at all times of the year in Michigan Lakes. It is light green colored when actively growing and its stem-like thallus is comprised of a single cell. Like previously described invasive submerged plants, it forms dense beds up to 2 m in thickness, out-competing native plants and drastically altering the littoral zone habitat (Pullman and Crawford 2010).

Dreissena polymorpha (zebra mussel) was observed in a number of locations throughout

the county and is widespread across the continental US. It is one of the more dramatic invasive species due to its rapid range expansion and immediate economic impacts. Zebra mussels have directly affected native unionid clams; the species displaces native clams by attaching to their hard outer shell, essentially causing them to suffocate and/or starve. Unfortunately, it is easily transported to new water bodies as a free-floating larva or in the adult form attached to equipment, plants, etc. For example, any activity that can move water within or between water bodies can greatly accelerate the spread of D. polymorpha (Johnson and Carlton 1996).

This study along with other research on the transport, establishment, and growth of AIS

may help natural resource, specifically lake, managers understand the biology of invasive species and prioritize prevention and control measures within Otsego County. Furthermore, it may help raise public awareness of impacts on biotic resources, water quality, cultural and recreational activities.

REFERENCES

Albright MF, WN Harman, H Meehan, S Fickbohm, S Groff and T Austin. 2004. Recovery of native flora and behavioral responses by Galerucella spp. following biocontrol of purple loosestrife. Am. Midl. Nat. 152:248-254.

Albright MF and HA Waterfield. The State of Canadarago Lake, 2011. 30th Tech. Rept. SUNY

Oneonta Biol. Fld. Sta., SUNY Oneonta. Blossey B, L.C. Skinner and J. Taylor. 2001. Impact and management of purple loosestrife

(Lythrum salicaria) in North America. Biodiversity and Conservation. 10(10):1787-1807. Forman J. and R.V. Kesseli. 2003. Sexual reproduction in the invasive species (Fallopia

japonica) Polygonaceae. American Journal of Botany. 90(4):586-592. Gunderson, J. 2008. Rusty crayfish: a nasty invader; biology, identification, and impacts.

Publication Number X34 of Sea Grant Minnesota. www.seagrant.umn.edu

Page 16: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Gross E.M., H. Meyer and G. Schilling. 1996. Release and ecological impact algicidal hydrolysable polyphenols in Myriophyllum spicatum. Phytochemistry. 44(1):133-138.

Harman WN. 2012. 2011 Catskill region aquatic nuisance species survey for the Catskill Center

for Conservation and Development. In: 44th Annual Report (2011). SUNY Oneonta Biol. Fld. Sta., SUNY Oneonta.

Horvath T. 2008. Economically viable strategy for prevention of invasive species introduction:

Case study of Otsego Lake, New York. Aquatic Invasions. 3(1):3-9. Hummel, M and E Kiviat. 2004. Review of world literature on water chestnut with implications

for management in North America. J. Aquat. Plant Manage. 42:17-28 Johnson L.E. and J.T. Carlton. 1996. Post-establishment spread in large-scale invasions:

dispersal mechanisms of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha. Ecology. 77(6):1686-1690.

Kornijow R., D.L. Strayer and N.F. Caraco . 2010. Macroinvertebrate communities of hypoxic

habitats created by an invasive plant (Trapa natans) in the freshwater tidal Hudson River. Fundamental and Applied Limnology/Archivfur Hydrobiologie. 176(3):199-207.

Kuhlmann, M.L. and P.D. Hazelton. 2007. Invasion of the upper Susquehanna River watershed

by rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus). Northeastern Naturalist. 14(4):507-518. McNeely J. 2001. Invasive species: a costly catastrophe for native biodiversity. Land Use and

Water Resources Research. 1(2):1-10. McShane, D. and K. Mehigan. 2013. 2012 aquatic macrophyte survey of Otsego Lake. In 45th

Ann. Rept. (2012). SUNY Oneonta Biol. Fld. Sta., SUNY Oneonta. Olden J.D., J.M. McCarthy, J.T. Maxted , W.W. Fetzer and M.J. Vander Zanden. 2006. The

rapid spread of rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) with observations on native crayfish declines in Wisconsin (U.S.A.) over the past 130 years. Biological Invasions. 8:1621-1628.

Pimentel D., R. Zuniga and D. Morrison. 2005. Update on the environmental and economic costs

associated with alien-invasive species in the United States. Ecological Economics 52(2005):273-288.

Pullman, G.D. and G. Crawford. 2010. A decade of starry stonewort in Michigan. Lakeline. 36-

42. Santos M., L. Anderson and S. Ustin. 2011. Effects of invasive species on plant communities: an

example using submersed aquatic plants at the regional scale. Biological Invasions. 13(2):443-457.

Page 17: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Tanner, C. and M.F. Albright. 2014. A survey of Otsego Lake’s zooplankton community, summer 2013. In 46th Ann. Rept. (2013). SUNY Oneonta Biol. Fld. Sta., SUNY Oneonta.

U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. 2013. Plants profile for Trapa natans. PLANTS Database, US

Department of Agriculture. http://plants.usda.gov . Accessed 04 Feb 2014. Zhang C. and K. Boyle. 2010. The effect of an aquatic invasive species (Eurasian watermilfoil)

on lakefront property values. Ecological Economics. 70(2):394-404. Appendix A: Site locations of surveyed Otsego County lotic and lentic systems

Location oN oW

Butternut Creek, Co. Rt. 16, 1 mile N of Rt. 18 & 16 intersection 42o44.125 75o7.409

Butternut Creek, Burlington 42o43.397 75o07.346

Butternut Creek, Patent Rd. 42o42.583 75o07.202

Butternut Creek, Miller Rd. / El Jen Kay Rd. 42o40.650 75o08.316

Butternut Creek, BC fishing access site #2 42o40.232 75o08.648

Butternut Creek, Backus Rd./ Coles Bridge Rd. 42o38.878 75o09.815

Butternut Creek, Ben Hill Rd. 42o37.704 75o10.891

Butternut Creek, 1/4 mile E of Rt. 51 on Rt. 12 42o35.357 75o11.594

Butternut Creek, Rt. 49 42o33.113 75o13.410

Butternut Creek, Rt. 23 in Morris Village 42o32.691 75o14.292

Butternut Creek, Peet Rd. 42o31.454 75o15.338

Butternut Creek, Lovers Ln. 42o28.644 75o19.153

Butternut Creek, Rt. 3 bridge 42o26.163 75o20.810

Oneida St. wetland in Oneonta 42o26.624 75o06.275

Susquehanna River, Under the Main St. bridge 42o41.993 74o55.215

Susquehanna River, Below the dam at Bassett Hospital 42o41.579 74o55.283

Susquehanna River, Below the dam at Bassett Hospital 42o41.617 74o55.321

Susquehanna River, West of Clark Sports Center 42o41.554 74o55.638

Susquehanna River, Small bridge perpendicular to road on Clark property 42o40.728 74o56.266

Susquehanna River, Distinct bend in river alongside Clark property 42o40.543 74o56.319

Susquehanna River, Aban. Bridge on Pheonix Mill Rd 42o40.020 74o56.707

Susquehanna River, Railroad trestle 42o39.761 74o56.408

Susquehanna River, Just above sewage discharge 42o41.158 74o55.937

Page 18: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Susquehanna River State Park, Crumhorn Fishing Access 42o33.386 74o56.564

Gilbert Lake, New Lisbon, NY 42o35.017 75o07.759

Gilbert Lake, New Lisbon, NY 42o34.666 75o07.603

Goey Pond, Hartwick, NY 42o37.630 74o58.578

Goey Pond, Hartwick, NY 42o37.517 74o58.553

Goey Pond, Hartwick, NY 42o37.308 74o58.442

Arnold Lake, Hartwick, NY 42o36.858 75o00.434

Summit Lake, Springfield, NY 42o51.743 74o50.963

Summit Lake, Springfield, NY 42o51.585 74o50.867

Summit Lake, Springfield, NY 42o51.676 74o50.092

Belvedere Lake 42o44.697 74o45.687

Belvedere Lake 42o44.853 74o45.462

Crumhorn Lake 42o33.632 74o55.139

Crumhorn Lake 42o33.531 74o55.428

Allen Lake 42o49.634 74o56.976

Allen Lake 42o49.773 74o56.896

Allen Lake 42o49.875 74o56.953

Allen Lake 42o49.899 74o57.137

Larchwood Lake 42o 33.157 74o 10.416

Larchwood Lake 42o 33.286 75o10.486

Larchwood Lake 42o 33.334 75o10.516

Larchwood Lake 42o 33.292 75o10.272

Larchwood Lake 42o 33.048 75o10.442

Silver Lake 42o 35.871 75o19.768

Silver Lake 42o 36.090 75o19.842

Silver Lake 42o 35.955 75o19.919

Neahwa Park Pond 42o27.001 75o03.531

Hunt Union Pond 42o28.294 75o03.676

Basswood Pond 42o45.059 75o07.381

Basswood Pond 42o45.248 75o07.345

Basswood Pond 42o45.183 75o07.296

Basswood Pond 42o45.115 75o07.319

Goodyear Lake, RT 35 Boat Launch Access 42o30.299 75o58.546

Goodyear Lake, RT 35 Boat Launch Access 42o30.304 75o58.796 Goodyear Lake, Portlandville Fishing Access 42o31.693 75o58.268

Goodyear Lake, Portlandville Fishing Access 42o31.477 74o58.360

Page 19: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Wilber Lake 42o30.738 75o03.254

Wilber Lake 42o30.756 75o03.170

Unnamed creek, Lull Hill Rd. 42o31.786 75o06.106 Wharton Creek, Laurens, NY. Off of New Rd 42o31.478 75o07.137

Wharton Creek, Laurens, NY. Off of New Rd 42o31.683 75o07.415

Wharton Creek, Laurens, NY. Off of New Rd 42o31.131 75o06.949

Wharton Creek, Laurens, NY. Off of New Rd 42o30.853 75o06.759

Wharton Creek, Laurens, NY. Off of New Rd 42o30.675 75o06.449

Wharton Creek, Laurens, NY. Off of New Rd 42o32.269 75o08.657

Wharton Creek, Laurens, NY. Off of New Rd 42o32.359 75o08.746

Otego Creek, Thayer Rd 42o44.172 75o03.370

Otego Creek, Bristol Rd 42o42.992 75o02.672

Otego Creek, Wiley Town Rd 42o41.243 75o03.027

Otego Creek, County Highway 11 42o39.570 75o03.207

Otego Creek, Jones Crossing Rd 42o37.699 75o03.283

Otego Creek, County Highway 11D 42o36.996 75o03.454

Otego Creek, Angel Rd 42o35.198 75o03.694

Otego Creek, County Highway 11A 42o31.916 75o05.069

Otego Creek, County Highway 23 DEC Fishing Access Site 42o28.259 75o06.506

Otego Creek, Rt 9 Public Park Access Site 42o26.850 75o06.298

Schenevus Creek, South Hill Rd off of County Highway 39 42o35.309 74o45.023

Schenevus Creek,, Tannery Rd, town of Maryland 42o32.778 74o49.880 Schenevus Creek Tributary, DEC Fishing Access Site off of Rt 7 42o32.668 74o50.518

Schenevus Creek DEC Fishing Access Site off of Rt 7 42o32.647 74o50.524

Schenevus Creek, Steven Rd DEC Fishing Access Site 42o32.454 74o51.171

Schenevus Creek, Loft Rd off of Rt 7 42o32.113 74o53.097

Schenevus creek, Leonard Rd DEC Fishing Access Site 42o31.119 74o54.530

Schenevus Creek, Highway 28 in Milford (prior to Junc. w/ 88) 42o29.166 74o58.120

Oaks Creek, off of Highway 28 under the bridge before Rt 11 42o39.967 74o57.550

Oaks Creek, Lower Toddsville Rd under abandoned bridge 42o40.949 74o57.469

Oaks Creek, Fork Shop Rd under bridge 42o42.117 74o58.530

Oaks Creek, Allison Rd under bridge 42o42.615 74o59.319

Oaks Creek, off of Highway 28 in the town of Oaksville 42o43.465 75o00.138

Oaks Creek, Keating Rd under bridge 42o43.831 75o00.131

Oaks Creek, Keating Rd before Panther Mt. Rd fork in the road 42o45.299 75o00.804

Oaks Creek, Rt 22 under bridge 42o46.845 75o01.051

Page 20: Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY ...€¦ · Aquatic invasive species present in Otsego County, NY water bodies . Annie Yoo. 1, Kaylee Herzog. 2, and Holly Waterfield

Cherry Valley Creek, off of Highway 166; Village of Cherry Valley near Fish and Game Rd 42o47.572 74o45.443 Cherry Valley Creek, Highway 165 under bridge in Roseboom 42o44.423 74o46.381

Cherry Valley Creek, Dubbens Cross Rd off of Highway 166 42o42.245 74o48.810

Cherry Valley Creek, County Highway 35 off of Moore Rd 42o41.390 74o50.539

Cherry Valley Creek, Rt 43 42o37.954 74o52.955

Cherry Valley Creek, Rt 35B 42o35.582 74o55.627

Unadilla River, Chesapeake Dr. off of Rt 7 42o19.452 75º24.588 Unadilla River, County Highway 35 in Chenango County leading to Highway 18 in Otsego County 42º20.459 75º23.923 Unadilla River, Chenango County Highway 40 42º19.453 75 º24.587 Unadilla River, DEC Fishing Access Site off of rt 8 on edge of town of Unadilla towards Butternuts 42º23.615 75º23.873 Unadilla River, Old Rte 8 North off of Rt 8 42º27.656 75º23.891 Unadilla River, St highway 23, South New Berlin, DEC Fishing Access site 42º31.716 75º22.960

Unadilla river, DEC Fishing Access/boat launch off of Rt 8 in Morris 42º33.177 75º21.955 Unadilla river, route 80 in Pittsfield 42º33.176 75º21.955

Unadilla River, County Highway 20 next to Chobani factory 42º41.076 75 º19.156

Unadilla River, off of Rt 8 in Edmeson DEC Fishing Access Site 42º44.707 75º17.699

Unadilla River, Center St off of Rt 8 in Madison/Otsego County 42º48.541 75º14.931

Unadilla River, County Highway 18B, Unadilla Forks 42º50.535 75º14.578 Unadilla River, St Highway 20 in Plainsfield 42º50.536 75º14.577

Canadarago Lake N/A N/A Otsego Lake N/A N/A