-is any process in which energy emitted by one body travels through a medium or through space, ultimately to be absorbed by another body.

- is used for cancer and for blood

disorders such as leukemia. Formerly it

was used for overactive thyroids,

acne, and benign tumors, but

complications with more severe skin

diseases and radiation-induced

cancers caused almost complete

abandonment of these procedures.

- is cyclic sound pressure

with a frequency greater than the upper limit of human hearing.

The most well known application of

ultrasound is its use in sonography to

produce pictures of fetuses in the human

womb. There are a vast number of other applications as well.

-is concerned with the use of various imaging modalities to aid in the diagnosis of disease.

-can be further divided into multiple sub-specialty areas. Interventional

radiology, one of these sub-specialty areas,

uses the imaging modalities of

diagnostic radiology to guide minimally invasive surgical

procedures.

This positron emission tomography (PET) scan of the brain shows the activity of brain cells in the resting state and during three types of auditory stimulation. PET uses radioactive substances introduced into the brain to measure such brain functions as cerebral metabolism, blood flow and volume, oxygen use, and the formation of neurotransmitters. This imaging method collects data from many different angles, feeding the information into a computer that produces a series of cross-sectional.

- is used in eye

surgery to correct

this woman’s

vision problem.

- development of crop mutants with desirable

agronomic traits and good eating quality (low to intermediate

amylose content and high protein

content).

A nuclear technique using the fallout isotope present in most soil surfaces – cesium-137- is being used by PNRI in its study on estimating soil erosion rates in agricultural areas. The technique involves the measurement of cesium-137 in soil samples using a high purity Germanium detector. These measurements are then converted to estimates of soil erosion/sedimentation rates using calibration models.

The need to develop effective

and low cost procedures in insect handling for large

scale operation will also be considered in the improvement of mass production

system.

- improving the breeding and

nutritional management of

dairy cattle through

radioimmunoassay (a nuclear

technique of measuring

reproductive hormone) and the

use of urea molasses mineral block UMMB) as

food supplement.

The ionization

smoke detector

makes use of the ( alpha)

radiation emitted by Americium-241, which has a half- life of 432

years.

This makes use of the penetrating property of beta

radiation and helps to control the

thickness of papers or tyres in factories. The piece of paper

(or tyre) is put between a beta

source and a detector. If

excessive radiation is detected, the

paper (or tyre) is made too thin and

vice versa.

Food Irradiation- Certain types of food are exposed to beta

radiation or [gamma rays] to kill the microbes and bacteria on

them. Potatoes, onions and garlic are irradiated to prevent

sprouting; the shelf life of strawberries, mangoes and

papayas can be increased by irradiation; Salmonella and

Listeria, which are infectious bacteria, can be reduced to

harmless level in meat, fish and poultry by food irradiation.

However, irradiated food has led to a lot of controversies and therefore is not yet generally accepted and available to the

public.

Delicate surgical instruments such as cardiac pacemakers cannot be sterilized by heat. They are either treated by

ethylene oxide or by radiation.

Disposable items such as scalpels,

gloves and syringes are also treated in bulk by radiation.

Leakages of underground pipes can be detected by

putting certain radioactive

material into the pipe and

detecting the radiation with a detector. Area in

which excess radiation is

detected corresponds to

area of pipe leakage.

Effects on the Economy

• The quality of the products will improve

• The needs of the people will be provided

• More food supply• The health of the labor force is

assured

Bibliography…* Espirilla, Et Al. Dynamic Physics .Diliman Publishing.1970.pp.107- 109

* Application of Radiation. 30 Jan. 2010. <http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/basic- ref/teachers/unit2.html>

• Programs and Projects. 1 Feb. 2010. <http:/www.pnri.gov.ph>

Thank You!!!

GROUP VIV- Aquino

Ahmelia Ahmed Alrashdi

John Luke Gregorio

Princess Charianne Marcos

Jan Carlo Espinueva

Maureen Elaine Mosquerra

Rachel May Villanueva

Catherine Louise Yambao

Rachel Dela Cruz

Denise Concio