Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born on 15TH October 1931 in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. His father Jainulabdeen was a boat owner and his mother Ashiamma was a housewife. In his school, he was described as a sincere, bright and a hardworking student who had a strong desire to learn and spend hours on his studies, especially mathematics. After completing his school studies at Rameswaram Elementary School, he went on to graduate in Physics, but was not very enthusiastic about the subject.

So, he moved to madras in 1955 to study aerospace engineering. After graduating from Madras Institute Of Technology, Kalam joined Aeronautical Development Establishment of Defense Research and Development Organization as a chief scientist. He started his career by designing a small helicopter for the Indian Army. In 1969 he was moved to Indian Space Research Organization where he was the project director of India’s Satellite Vehicle (SLV-III).

The Indian Satellite Launch Vehicle or SLV was a project started in the early 1970s by Indian Space Research Organization to develop the technology needed to launch satellites. The project was headed by Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. SLV was intended to reach a height of 400 km and carry a payload of 40 kg. It was a four stage rocket with all solid-propellant motors. The first launch of the SLV took place in Sriharikota on 10 August 1979. The last launch of the SLV took place on 17 April 1983. SLV-3 formed the basis of the next-generation ASLV.

Function: Small carrier rocket Manufacturer: Indian Space Research

Organization Height: 22metre(72ft.) Diameter: 1metre(3.3ft.) Payload: 44Kilograms(88lb) Launch Site: Sriharikota Engines:1 Solid Burn time: 49 Seconds Fuel: Solid

Dr.A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was elected as the 11TH president of India, succeeding K.R. Narayanan. He won the 2002 presidential election with an electoral vote of 922,884, surpassing 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. He served from 25 July 2002 to 25 July 2007.On 10TH June 2002, the National Democratic Alliance expressed to Sonia Gandhi that they would propose Kalam for the post of president.

Wings Of Fire: An Autobiography by A. P. J Abdul Kalam; 1999.

India 2020: A Vision For the New Millennium: by A. P. J Abdul Kalam; 1998.

Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India by A. P.J. Abdul Kalam; 2002.

The Luminous Sparks by A. P. J. Abdul Kalam; 2004.

Mission India by A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Inspiring Thoughts by A. P. J. Abdul Kalam;

2007 Developments in Fluid Mechanics and Space

Technology by A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

Thinking should become your capital asset, no matter whatever ups and downs you come across in your life.

Away! Fond thoughts, and vex my soul no more! Work claimed my wakeful nights, my busy days Albeit brought memories of Rameswaram shore Yet haunt my dreaming gaze!

My worthiness is all my doubt His Merit- all my fear- Contrasting which my quality Does however appear.

Thinking is progress. Non-thinking is stagnation of the individual, organization and the country. Thinking leads to action. Knowledge without action is useless and irrelevant. Knowledge with action, converts adversity into prosperity