apa format 6th ed

15
Review of APA Citation Format 6 th ed. Writing and Academic Resource Center Emerson College

Upload: emersonreference

Post on 06-May-2015

2.995 views

Category:

Education


7 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Apa format 6th ed

Review of APA Citation Format6th ed.

Writing and Academic Resource Center

Emerson College

Page 2: Apa format 6th ed

What is APA format?

• APA refers to the American Psychological Association.

• APA is used to document sources in the sciences, social sciences, and business.

• APA format is sometimes called the author-date style because it uses the author’s (or authors’) last name(s) and the date of publication as the primary citation marker.

Page 3: Apa format 6th ed

What do I need to cite?

• Direct quotations– Also: images (drawings or photographs), data, and music.

• Summaries• Paraphrases

– It is not enough simply to change the wording of a text. You must also change the structure of the original passage.

– Any distinctive words or phrases taken from the original passage must be put in quotation marks.

– The reader must be able to distinguish where the paraphrased text begins and ends.

Page 4: Apa format 6th ed

Why is citation important?

• A standard and consistent method of citing sources enables the reader to find the sources.

• Correct citations help you use sources in a way that credits the author and avoids problems of poor scholarship and academic dishonesty.

Page 5: Apa format 6th ed

What does APA look like in the body of my paper?

• Cite a text with the author’s or authors’ last name(s) followed by the date of publication.– Xxxxxxx (Ebert & Griffin, 2007). – According to Ebert and Griffin (2007), xxxxxxx.

• If you are citing from a particular page or pages, add p. or pp. with the page number(s).– Xxxxxxx (Ebert & Griffin, 2007, p. 100).– Ebert and Griffin (2007) reported that xxxxxxx(p. 10).

Page 6: Apa format 6th ed

In-text citations (continued)

• Many business documents have corporate authors. Use the name of a corporate author as you would any individual author.

(Microsoft Corp., 2011)• If there is truly no author for an article or web page,

use a shortened version of the title in quotation marks. (“Managing,” 2006).

• Attempt to find a date. Otherwise, use n.d. (Smith, n.d.).

Page 7: Apa format 6th ed

In-text citations (continued)

• If a quote comes from a secondary source, use the secondary source in your citation. According to Marshall, “Xxxxxxxx” (as cited in Baker & Wong, 2008).

• Each in-text citation must directly match the beginning of the full citation on the References page. In the above example, the reader would search for Baker in the References.

Page 8: Apa format 6th ed

What is the References list?

• The list of sources for the in-text citations should be on a separate page titled References.

• The list is alphabetized by authors’ last names or by the first word of the title if there is no author. Do not number the entries.

• Authors’ (or editors’) names always appear as last name and first and middle initials.

• Authors’ names are followed by publication date in parentheses.

Page 9: Apa format 6th ed

References list

• Basic citation for a book:Author or editor. (Publication year). Title with

sentence-style capitalization, in italics. Publication location: Publisher.

Ebert, R. J. & Griffin, R. W. (2007). Business essentials (6th ed.). Upper

Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Page 10: Apa format 6th ed

References list (continued)• Basic citation for a journal or magazine:

Author. (Publication date). Article title with sentence-style capitalization and no quotation marks. Journal Title, volume number(issue number), page numbers if available. URL or DOI if retrieved online.

Frank, T. (2011, July). Gold faithful: Profiting from paranoia with precious metals. Harpers, 323(1934), 9-15.

Page 11: Apa format 6th ed

References list (continued)• Newspaper:

Author. (year, month day). Article title in sentence-style capitalization, no quotation marks. Newspaper Title, capitalized, in italics, page numbers if available. URL or DOI if retrieved online.

Di Leo, L. & Hilsenrath, J. (2011, June 22). Fed on hold amid slow recovery. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://www.wsj.com

Page 12: Apa format 6th ed

What is a DOI?

• A DOI (digital object identifier) is a registered persistent link to an article on the Internet.

• It is located on the first page of an electronic journal article and on the article citation in a database.

• The DOI links to the article online, so no URL or database information is necessary.

• APA (6th ed.) requires the use the DOI if it is available. Not all electronic sources have one.

Page 13: Apa format 6th ed

References list: Article with a DOI

Anechiarico, F. & Segal, L. (2010). Public integrity networks. Public Integrity, 12(4), 325-229. doi: 10.2753/PIN1099-992212040

Note: The DOI appears in the References list only. Do not use it in the in-text citation.

Page 14: Apa format 6th ed

Points to remember about APA

• Double space your entire paper, including the References page, unless you are told otherwise.

• Put a running (short) title and page number in the upper-right corner of each page.

• Alphabetize listings on the References page. Use hanging indentation.

• Cite all sources carefully. Do not fail to cite all material that you take from sources.

Page 15: Apa format 6th ed

Where can I get help?

• Make an appointment at the Writing and Academic Resource Center (617) 824-7874.

• Check the Reference Help section of the Emerson Library website.

• Use a content management system. Noodlebib is a good choice that is available on the library website under databases. You need to register and select a password.

• Refer to an online writing center like the one from Purdue University at <owl.english.purdue.edu>