Slide 1

AP World History October 21, 2015 Slide 2 Warm Up October 21, 2015 Which statement describes Europe between the ninth to fifteenth centuries? A. The consolidation of Germanic kingdoms into a single Germanic state B. The end of pressure from migratory peoples C. Steady decline of educational opportunities D. European retreat from contact with neighboring societies E. The expansion of the Eastern world into Western Europe Slide 3 Agenda Intro to Medieval Europe & Feudalism Reminders : Chapter 9 Guided Reading due today, Chapter 10 due Friday HW Chapter 10 Guided Reading Slide 4 Essential Question What would you do if you suddenly had to live on your own, without your parents? Slide 5 The Middle Ages The Decline of the Western Roman Empire & the Rise of Feudalism Slide 6 Barbarians Ruled Western Europe By 500 CE Western Roman Empire fell to barbarian tribes: Visigoths controlled Spain Ostrogoths controlled Italy Franks controlled Gaul (France) Vandals controlled North Africa Angles, Saxons, Jutes battled for Britannia Celts ruled Ireland & Scotland Slide 7 Slide 8 Slide 9 The Middle Ages After the fall of Rome, Western Europe entered the Middle Ages from 500-1300 A.D. Reasons for the rise of Middle Ages: No Roman emperor to make rules No Roman army to protect people No common language to unite them No longer citizens of a common empire; people now loyal to family members (clan) or feudalism The Dark Ages The Medieval era Latin blended with barbarian languages to make Italian, French, Spanish, etc. Slide 10 Decline of Civilization Constant warfare among the barbarian tribes & the Romans made it too dangerous to trade: With no trade, towns & cities became useless People built farming villages to make food & find protection Priests became the only people who could read & write Slide 11 No Roman Government? Without the Roman Government, how are things different in Western Europe: Trade? Food? Safety? Leadership? Language? Religion? No more trade Self-sufficient farmers Dangerous fighting No emperors Different languages Polytheism Slide 12 Without a centralized government, how does a society function? Slide 13 Feudalism Feudalism began in Europe as a way to offer protection: Feudalism is a series of agreements between lords & knights in which lords offer land in exchange for loyalty & military protection from knights Lords built castles to protect peasants from outside invasions Slide 14 Feudal Structure Kings had land but very little power Lords (also called Nobles) were the upper-class landowners; they had inherited titles (Duke, Earl, Sir) Knights were specially trained soldiers who protect the lords & peasants Some peasants were serfs & could not leave the lords estate Slide 15 Medieval Castles Slide 16 If you dont own land or have money, how do you survive? Slide 17 Manorial System The manorial system produced the food for people to eat: Lords allowed peasants to live on their land in exchange for a portion of the food they grew Peasants agreed to pay rent to the nobles in exchange for shelter & protection Peasant life was difficult: they were dependent upon the lords & got lots of diseases Slide 18 Slide 19 I am the King!! I have so much land!! Slide 20 I think Ill build myself a castle, but I have no power so maybe I should give fiefs to some lords Slide 21 Thank you king for this fief. As your loyal lords we will oversee this land Slide 22 We will fight for the king and provide him with food from our lands, but this territory to too large. Slide 23 Lets pick the best land to build our homes on, then lets give fiefs to some vassals!! Slide 24 Slide 25 Thank you lords for this fief. We promise loyalty, military service, & a portion of our food Slide 26 Lets pick the best land to build our homes on!! Slide 27 Arent we going to need protection, too? Slide 28 Oh yeah, lets give fiefs to some knights also! Slide 29 Lets allow serfs to do all the work & provide us with food! We will gain their work & loyalty Slide 30 Thank you vassals for allowing us to live on this land. We provide you loyalty, military service, & a portion of our food Slide 31 According to the code of Chivalry, I will forever protect my lord & vassal, my God, and my sweetie-pie at home! Slide 32 Slide 33 The Power of the Christian Church Many people in Western Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire were polytheistic but Christians converted many barbarians In this time of chaos, the Christian church emerged as a stable & unifying force in Western Europe Slide 34 The Power of the Christian Church Catholicism became the dominant religion in Western Europe: Without a common government to hold everyone together, the Church filled an important role in peoples lives The Catholic Pope became the strongest political leader in Western Europe Slide 35 The Power of the Christian Church Each territory in Western Europe had a monastery (where monks lived) & provided order for the feudal manors: Local priests were important because the church taught that all people are sinners & need Gods forgiveness Christians paid a tithe (percentage of their food as a tax to the church) Slide 36 Slide 37 Slide 38