AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Unit 3 - Population

Populations (10–15% of AP Exam) ＿ Population Biology Concepts

(Population ecology; carrying capacity; reproductive strategies; survivorship) ＿ Human population dynamics

(Historical population sizes; distribution; fertility rates; growth rates and doubling times; demographic transition; age-structure diagrams)

＿ Population size (Strategies for sustainability; case studies; national policies)

＿ Impacts of population growth (Hunger; disease; economic effects; resource use; habitat destruction)

Unit 3: Populations Calendar 11/19 – Tuesday

World Population Introduction: Film Analysis Start Population Demographic Data

11/21 – Thursday

Habitable Planet: Population Video Questions Reading: Moral Implications of Cultural Carrying Capacity Finish Population Demographic Data

11/25 – Monday

11/27 – Wednesday

12/03 – Tuesday

12/05 – Thursday

12/09 – Monday

12/11 – Wednesday

Notebook Questions Due 12/13 – Friday 12/17 – Tuesday

Population Unit Exam 12/19 – Thursday (7:42-8:45)

Semester 1 Final Exam: Earth’s Systems & Resources, The Living World, Populations Unit 3 FRQs Due

Population Dynamics Notebook Questions 1. What is the human carrying capacity of the Earth? Explain why it is so difficult to define. 2. The increase in the size of Earth’s human population in the last century has been dramatic. What are two major

contributors to this increase? 3. Explain the difference between immigration and emigration. 4. What is the population change formula? 5. How does a population reach zero population growth? 6. Explain the logistic growth curve and logistic carrying capacity as it applies to human population growth over

time. 7. How can we calculate the total impact of the human population on the environment? 8. What are some of the limiting factors for human populations? 9. Explain replacement-level fertility. 10. Explain why reaching the replacement-level fertility rate will not stop global population growth until about 50

years have passed (assuming that death rates do not rise). 11. Describe what has happened since 1950 to total fertility rates in the world, in China, and in the United States. 12. List factors that can affect the birth rate and fertility rate of a country. 13. What are the differences between a K-strategist species to a r-strategist species? 14. It has recently been estimated that the growth in world population has slowed in the past decade. Despite this

trend, environmentalists remain concerned about the environmental impact of world population. Why? 15. What factors contribute to the rise in world hunger? 16. Refer to the figure below. A, B, C and D represent population growth curves, E represents the carrying

capacity.

17. What letter represents the maximum number of individuals that can be supported by a particular ecosystem on a long-term basis?

18. What letter represents the biotic potential of the species? 19. What letter represents the growth of a population predicted by the logistic model? 20. If a city of population 10,000 experiences 100 births, 40 deaths, 10 immigrants, and 30 emigrants in the course

of a year, what is its net annual percentage growth rate? 21. Given a world population in 1990 of 5.3 billion with a growth rate of 1/8%, what is the doubling time? Show

your calculations. 22. The current global human population is about 6.1 billion and is growing at an annual rate of 1.35 percent. If

world population were to grow at this rate for the next year, approximately how many people would be added? 23. If the population of a country grows at a rate of approximately 5 percent per year, how many years would it take

for the population to double?

24. Based on the table above, what country has the highest population density? 25. Based on the table above, what country has a population about three times that of the United States? 26. Describe the roles of reducing poverty, elevating the status of women, and family planning in slowing

population growth.

Country Population (millions)

Approximate Total Land Area (million km2)

Total Annual Electricity Usage (1010 kWh)

Australia 19.7 8.2 22 Bangladesh 144 0.14 1.6

China 1,295 9.6 150 Ethiopia 70 1.12 0.20

India 1,000 3.29 60 United States 300 9.63 400

Age Structure Notebook Questions 1. What is the age structure of a population? Explain how it affects population growth and economic

growth. 2. Describe a population with a stable age distribution. 3. Describe the American Baby Boom and some of the effects it has had on American culture. 4. What are some problems related to rapid population declines due to an aging population? 5. How has the AIDS epidemic affected that age structure of some countries in Africa?

6. Describe the population growth of a country with an age distribution like that shown in the figure

above. Demographic Transition Notebook Questions

1. What is demographic transition and what are its four stages? 2. What is the key point of demographic transition? 3. How will industrialization affect the demographic transition? 4. How will medical advances change the demographic transition? 5. As a country goes through the demographic transition, the greatest rate of population growth takes

place during which phase? 6. Explain how total fertility of a society is correlated to the phases of demographic transition.

Urbanization Notebook Questions

1. Describe two factors that increase the population of a city. 2. List four global trends in urban growth. 3. Describe four phases of urban growth in the United States. 4. Describe some of the problems faced by poor people who live in urban areas. How can governments

help to reduce these problems? 5. List five factors that have promoted urban sprawl in the United States. 6. List five undesirable effects of urban sprawl. 7. Create a table comparing the advantages (4) and disadvantages (4) of urbanization. 8. Explain why most cities and urban areas are not sustainable. 9. Describe some of the problems faced by poor people who live in urban areas. How can governments

help to reduce these problems? 10. Describe strategies used by the U. S. city of Portland, Oregon, to help control urban sprawl and

reduce dependence on automobiles. 11. What are three ways to preserve open spaces around a city? 12. What are new urbanisms the five key goals and why is Vauban, Germany a good example of it? 13. Describe three strategies used within ecocities to make their neighborhoods more sustainable.