Anti-NatalistAnti-NatalistCHINACHINA

World Population TrendsWorld Population Trends

October 12th 1999October 12th 1999

World Population reaches World Population reaches 6 Billion6 Billion

20502050

Estimated Projections: Estimated Projections: 7.3-10.7 Billion7.3-10.7 Billion

Looking BackLooking Back

World populations stood at well below a World populations stood at well below a billion from pre-history through the 18th billion from pre-history through the 18th

century; controlled by disease and century; controlled by disease and faminefamine

By the 1800’s progress in agriculture, By the 1800’s progress in agriculture, medicine, sanitation and industry, medicine, sanitation and industry,

resulted in substantial gains in longevity resulted in substantial gains in longevity of human life…consequently, population of human life…consequently, population

growth rose dramaticallygrowth rose dramatically

Looking AheadLooking Ahead

Globally, birth rate has fallen Globally, birth rate has fallen dramatically in the last 30 years, dramatically in the last 30 years,

from approx. 6 children per women from approx. 6 children per women to about 2. However rates remain to about 2. However rates remain high and continue to rise rapidly in high and continue to rise rapidly in

many parts of the developing world, many parts of the developing world, stretching natural resources and stretching natural resources and

dramatically boosting global dramatically boosting global population growth.population growth.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES GOVERNMENT POLICIES NATIONAL & INTERNATIONALNATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL

Any effort by a government to control Any effort by a government to control size of its countries population, for size of its countries population, for increase or decrease methods:increase or decrease methods:

Alter Birth rateAlter Birth rate Increase death rateIncrease death rate ImmigrationImmigration EmigrationEmigration

Population control

China’s Pop. DensityChina’s Pop. Density From the work of G William Skinner From the work of G William Skinner

we know that agrarian China can we know that agrarian China can be divided into 9 “macroregions”. be divided into 9 “macroregions”. These correspond fairly closely to These correspond fairly closely to large scale drainage basins. There large scale drainage basins. There are 3 “macroregions” of the river are 3 “macroregions” of the river

Yangze.Yangze.

ChinaChina

ContentsContents China’s Marriage law of 1950China’s Marriage law of 1950

Contraceptive and Induced Abortion Contraceptive and Induced Abortion ProcedureProcedure

One Child IncentiveOne Child Incentive National Family Planning CommissionNational Family Planning Commission

Government RecommendationsGovernment Recommendations

China’s Marriage Law of 1950China’s Marriage Law of 1950

Prohibited child brides and Prohibited child brides and stipulated legal minimum age stipulated legal minimum age

requirements of marriagerequirements of marriage

Set minimum age for women at 18 Set minimum age for women at 18 and men at 20and men at 20

Contraceptive and Induced Contraceptive and Induced Abortion ProcedureAbortion Procedure

China's first population actChina's first population act Enforced in 1953Enforced in 1953 Drafted by ministry of healthDrafted by ministry of health Loosened and encouraged Loosened and encouraged

conditions of abortion.conditions of abortion.

One Child IncentiveOne Child Incentive

China offers incentives to have only China offers incentives to have only one child per family.one child per family.

Incentive encouraged in hopes to reach Incentive encouraged in hopes to reach 0 population growth in country0 population growth in country

The one child policy, although not formally written into law consists of three main points.

• Advocating delayed marriage and delayed child bearing • Advocating fewer and healthier births • Advocating one child per couple

The One Child Policy

Effects of the One Child PolicyEffects of the One Child Policy

Given the long standing preference Given the long standing preference of boy babies in china, the one child of boy babies in china, the one child policy has made female infamticide policy has made female infamticide common. common.

Baby girls have also been abandoned Baby girls have also been abandoned in Churches and Orphan villages. in Churches and Orphan villages.

National Family Planning National Family Planning CommissionCommission

Designed by China’s governmentDesigned by China’s government Made to unify the management of Made to unify the management of

national population planning national population planning activities, implements nations activities, implements nations population planning guidelines, laws population planning guidelines, laws and policiesand policies

Supervises plans implementationsSupervises plans implementations

Government RecommendationsGovernment Recommendations

A nation wide head taxA nation wide head tax Special social nurture levies on Special social nurture levies on

parents with children born outside parents with children born outside the national population plans.the national population plans.

Heavy taxes on those with excessive Heavy taxes on those with excessive birthsbirths

Tax exception with those with only Tax exception with those with only one childone child

China’s Birth RatesChina’s Birth Rates

The plot gives us a The plot gives us a convenience convenience indication of indication of magnitudes and magnitudes and timingtiming

1970 6 CPW1970 6 CPW 1977 2.6 CPW1977 2.6 CPW This shows a This shows a

extraordinary rapid extraordinary rapid decline.decline.

The EndThe End