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Annotated Bibliography

What effects does social-networking have on a person’s self-esteem?

Larissa Fogle

Professor Malcolm Campbell

English 1102

12 March 2013

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Annotated Bibliography

Pappas, Stephanie. “Facebook with care: Social networking site can hurt self-esteem.” 7

February 2012. Foxnews. Web. 11 March 2013.

This article talked about a lot of aspects of Facebook. For example, when someone gets a

friend request the person gets a boost. Also, when someone reads a Facebook status that

is extremely positive of someone else it can in return diminish the persons self-esteem

because it can make the person question if their own life is good enough. In a study done

the cut off for Facebook friends was around 354. After that amount people started to feel

bad about themselves when they read status updates. It also talks about the different

effects on males and females. This is a reliable source because it is FoxNews. It is one of

the biggest news sources out there. Also, when I looked up Stephanie Pappas she has had

multiple articles published on FoxNews. I will be using some of the information I read

about. It was very helpful because it looked at different aspects that my other sources

haven’t covered.

University of Georgia. "Facebook makes us feel good about ourselves, research finds."

ScienceDaily, 26 Jun. 2012. Web. 14 Mar. 2013.

I found this document on Science Daily. There was no author listed, but ScienceDaily is

a trusting site due to it having the latest science research, and the articles on the website

reference a source where you can see the backup information. Also, I have witnessed

multiple professors using ScienceDaily to tell us about recent news. The article is about

what people do while on social-networking sites and how it transforms into self-esteem

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or narcissism. This gave me the idea of defining the differences between self-esteem and

narcissism in my paper. To back up the argument, ScienceDaily references a study

published online by Computers in Human Behavior. In the study, the researchers found

that MySpace had more of an effect on narcissism and Facebook had more of an effect on

self-esteem. In the document it also says that social-networking shouldn’t be seen as an

answer to building self-esteem. I will definitely be using multiple parts of this article

because of the information gathered really helps me support/answer my main question. I

believe this source will help me begin my paper and then transition to my research

survey.

Valkenburg, Patti, Peter Jochen, and Alexander Schouten. “Friend Networking Sites and Their

Relationship to Adolescents'.” Cyberpsychology, Behavior & Social Networking. 5. 9.

Mary Ann Liebert Inc, 2006. Web. 10 March 2013

This article is about a research survey done on 881 kids ranging from 10-19 years of age

that had an account on a Dutch social-networking site called CU2. The study showed

that the sites had an indirect effect on their self-esteem and well-being. Although, the

survey showed if a profile was given positive comments the self-esteem of that person

went up, and if a profile was given negative comments the self-esteem of that person

went down. This is a scholarly article because when I researched the authors, they all

have had a lot of their work published; also, the volumes were all published. Each of the

authors worked together to do multiple experiments covering a lot of psychological

behavior within humans. It gives me where the survey began, what site it targeted, the

initial hypothesis, outcomes, how many were surveyed, etc. The intended audience is for

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anyone who is interested in the topic, and it was written to give the results and the steps

of the survey to the public. This article is very useful to my research because it is a

survey done on multiple kids/teenagers. It tells me the initial thoughts of the researchers

and the information they gathered. I will definitely be using this in my paper because I

was looking for a good study done on self-esteem and social-networking sites.

Wilcox, Keith and Stephen, Andrew T., “Are Close Friends the Enemy? Online Social Networks,

Self-Esteem, and Self-Control”. Journal of Consumer Research. 12 September 2012.

Web. 14 March 2013.

This research document covers five experiments done, and one of the experiments

conducted was the effects of social-networking (mainly Facebook) on self-esteem. Like

the other experiment source I am using it covers the hypothesis, conclusion, observations,

but this adds a little more. Not only does it give me the major details, it also gives me the

equations used to find the percentages. Along with describing the effects of self-esteem,

it also talks about self-control on websites and how it can contribute to a person’s self-

esteem. Something that I found really interesting was that people now a day spend over

700 billion minutes on Facebook per month! This is a scholarly article because the two

authors of this paper are assistant professors at the Business School of Columbia

University, and it was edited by multiple of their colleagues. The research done was

funded by The Katz Fellowship Fund at The University of Pittsburgh. As of right now, I

plan on using some of the information I gathered. Even if I do not end up using a lot from

this source, it taught me a lot of interesting facts.