Ancient RomeAncient Rome750 B.C. – A.D. 500750 B.C. – A.D. 500

Roman Creation StoryRoman Creation Story

Romulus and RemusRomulus and Remus

Greek InfluencesGreek Influences►Used and improved Greek warfareUsed and improved Greek warfare

Conquered the last Greek city-state Conquered the last Greek city-state by 146 B.C.by 146 B.C.

►Adopted Greek deities Adopted Greek deities Zeus became JupiterZeus became Jupiter

Social ClassesSocial Classes►Patricians: wealthy aristocratic Patricians: wealthy aristocratic

classclass Vote & hold office in the SenateVote & hold office in the Senate

►Plebeians: everyone else Plebeians: everyone else (merchants, farmers, etc.)(merchants, farmers, etc.) Vote onlyVote only

GovernmentGovernment►Republic: elected leadersRepublic: elected leaders►Law: Innocent until proven guiltyLaw: Innocent until proven guilty

Sound familiar?Sound familiar?

Let’s take a look at some Let’s take a look at some Latin words you might hear Latin words you might hear in a U.S. courtroom.in a U.S. courtroom.

Julius CaesarJulius Caesar►Became dictator of the Roman Became dictator of the Roman

“Republic” in 45 B.C.“Republic” in 45 B.C.►Carried out social reform Carried out social reform

benefiting the poor.benefiting the poor.►Stabbed to death by senators on Stabbed to death by senators on

March 15March 15thth, 44 B.C., 44 B.C. ““Beware the Ides of March”Beware the Ides of March”

The Roman EmpireThe Roman Empire►After a civil war following Julius After a civil war following Julius

Caesar’s death, Augustus Caesar Caesar’s death, Augustus Caesar became Rome’s first emperor, or became Rome’s first emperor, or absolute ruler, in 27 B.C.absolute ruler, in 27 B.C. Ruled between 70 and 100 million peopleRuled between 70 and 100 million people

Roman Civil EngineeringRoman Civil Engineering

Pax RomanaPax Romana (Roman Peace)(Roman Peace) 31 B.C. to 31 B.C. to A.D. 180A.D. 180

►Boosted trade and raised the Boosted trade and raised the standard of living.standard of living. Why would peace have these results?Why would peace have these results?

►Built 50,000 miles of road.Built 50,000 miles of road. How would roads help the Caesar rule?How would roads help the Caesar rule?

►Created aqueducts: channels Created aqueducts: channels carrying water.carrying water. Still used todayStill used today

The Appian WayThe Appian Way

What have the Roman’s ever done for us?What have the Roman’s ever done for us?

How did the Roman Empire use How did the Roman Empire use its roads?its roads?

The Rise of ChristianityThe Rise of Christianity►Rome absorbed Judea, Rome absorbed Judea,

home of Jerusalem, in A.D. home of Jerusalem, in A.D. 6.6.

►A.D. 33: Jesus was crucifiedA.D. 33: Jesus was crucified►Rome persecuted Christians Rome persecuted Christians

until the A.D. 300s.until the A.D. 300s.►Under Constantine, Under Constantine,

Christianity became the Christianity became the official state religion in 392.official state religion in 392.

A Threat to the Empire?A Threat to the Empire?

The Fall of RomeThe Fall of Rome►Political instability Political instability

Short-lived, bad emperors.Short-lived, bad emperors.

►Economic declineEconomic decline Fighting with Germanic tribes Fighting with Germanic tribes

disrupted production, trade, and disrupted production, trade, and farmingfarming

Inflation: a rise in prices connected Inflation: a rise in prices connected to a decrease in the value of money.to a decrease in the value of money.

►Empire splits in two.Empire splits in two. Roman WestRoman West Byzantine EastByzantine East

►The Western Roman Empire fell to The Western Roman Empire fell to Germanic tribes in A.D. 476.Germanic tribes in A.D. 476. Byzantine Empire remained with Byzantine Empire remained with

Constantinople as its capital.Constantinople as its capital.►Eventually fell to Islamic forces (Ottoman Eventually fell to Islamic forces (Ottoman

Turks)Turks)

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World History Themes & World History Themes & RomeRome

►Revolution/ReactionRevolution/Reaction►ChangeChange►InnovationInnovation►Cultural DiffusionCultural Diffusion►MovementMovement