ancient greece whi. 5 v =tmztksk1s9c

Ancient Greece WHI. 5

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TmZTkSK1S9c




The FRAME

Key Topic

is about . . .

How did the mountains, seas, islands, peninsulas, and straits of the Aegean Basin shape Greek life and patterns of trade and colonization?

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Introduction to Ancient Greece

The FRAME

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How the physical geography of Greece impacted its culture and development

Geography

Geography

•Located in Europe, west of Asia Minor

•West of the Aegean Sea; North of the Mediterranean Sea

Geography•Isolation from

mountains led to the development of city-states

•Major city-states= Athens, Sparta, and Troy

Black Sea

Dardanelles Strait

Aegean Sea

Mediterranean Sea Crete

Peloponnesus Peninsula

Macedonia

Balkan Peninsula

Asia Minor

Sparta

Athens

Troy

The FRAME

Key Topic

is about . . .




• Located in Europe, west of Asia Minor

• West of the Aegean Sea; North of the Mediterranean Sea

• Isolation from mountains led to formation of city-states

• Major city-states= Athens, Sparta, and Troy

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GeographyEconomic and Social

Economic and Social Development•Agriculture was difficult due to limited

arable land

Economic and Social Development

•Commerce (trade) and the spread of Hellenic Culture (great period of Greek art/culture)

•Shift from barter to money economy (coins)

The FRAME

Key Topic

is about . . .






• Contains the Balkan and Peloponnesus Peninsulas


• Agriculture was difficult due to limited arable land

• Commerce (trade) and the spread of Hellenic culture (great period of Greek art/culture)

• Shift from barter to money economy (coins)

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Political Development


•Mountain terrain helped and hindered the development of city-states (protection but isolated)


•Greek cities were designed to promote civic (public) and commercial (economic) life


•Colonization started due to overpopulation and lack of arable land

The FRAME

Key Topic

is about . . .






• Contains the Balkan and Peloponnesus Peninsulas


• Agriculture (limited arable land)

• Commerce (trade) and the spread of Hellenic culture (great period of Greek art/culture)

• Shift from barter to money economy (coins)

• Mountain terrain helped and hindered the development of city states (protection but isolated)

• Greek cities were designed to promote civic (public) and commercial (economic) life

• Colonization started due to overpopulation and search for arable land





Economic, Social, and Political Developments of Ancient Greece:

- Limited arable land - Shift from barter to money economy- Spread of Hellenistic Culture - Mountainous terrain led to the development of city-states- Colonization due to overpopulation - City-states designed to promote civic and

commercial life

Economic Social Political

Economic, Social, and Political Developments of Ancient Greece:

- Limited arable land - Shift from barter to money economy- Spread of Hellenistic Culture - Mountainous terrain led to the development of city-states- Colonization due to overpopulation - City-states designed to promote civic and

commercial life

Economic Social Political

- Limited arable land

- Shift from barter to money economy

- Spread of Hellenistic Culture

- Mountainous terrain led to the development of city-states

- Colonization due to overpopulation

- City-states designed to promoted civic and commercial life

The FRAME Routineis about…

So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)

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Citizenship in Greece

Members of the Polis:

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The FRAMEKey Topic

is about . . .

Sparta vs. Athens



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The Social Structure and citizenship in the Greek polis

Social Structure and Citizenship

•City-states were called the polis

Social Structure and Citizenship•To become a citizen, men served 10 years

of military service

•Members of the polis:▫Citizens—free adult males—had political

rights and responsibility of civic participation in government

▫Free people—women, foreigners, and young males—had no political rights

▫Slaves—had no political rights



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The Social Structure and citizenship in the Greek polis

Members of the Polis:1) Citizens- free adult males; had political rights and the

responsibility of civic participation in the government2) Free people- women, foreigners, and young males; had no

political rights3) Slaves- had no political rights

To become a citizen, free adult men had to serve 10 years in the military

Greek city-states were called the polis

Citizenship was only available to free adult males. There were not equal rights for everyone living in the polis

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The FRAMEKey Topic

is about . . .

Sparta vs. Athens

Comparing and contrasting the Greek city-states of Sparta and Athens

Sparta

Sparta

•Sparta formed an oligarchy—rule by a small elite group

•Military leaders who controlled the army led the oligarchy

Sparta

•Rigid social classes developed with lower classes having few rights

•Sparta developed a militaristic and aggressive society

http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/ancient-greece-democracy/videos/deconstructing-history-spartans?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false

http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/sparta/videos/spartan-boot-camp-killing-machines








Main Idea

• Sparta formed an oligarchy—rule by small elite group

• Military leaders who controlled the army led the oligarchy

• Rigid social classes developed with lower classes having few rights

• Sparta developed a militaristic and aggressive society

Details

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So What?

The FRAMEKey Topic

is about . . .

Sparta vs. Athens


Sparta Athens

Democracy in Athens

•Stages in Athenian government:1. Monarchy—form of government in which

a king or queen rules2. Aristocracy—rule by upper class people—

usually a minority group3. Tyranny—harsh rule by an absolute

monarch or dictator4. Democracy—rule by the people

Athenian forms of government timeline:

Description: Description: Description: Description:

Athenian forms of government timeline:

Description: Description: Description: Description:

Monarchy Aristocracy Tyranny Democracy

King or Queen of a royal family rules

Rule rich upper-class people

Harsh/cruel government controlled by an absolute ruler

Rule by the people—people rule the government

Reformers of Athens:

•Tyrants who worked for reform:

- Draco—made harsh laws- Solon—favored the lower class

Reformers of Athens

•Draco—was a harsh ruler about 620 BCE▫Had harsh penalties

for crimes, but accused had a right to a trial and were innocent until proven guilty

Reformers of Athens

•Solon—ruled about 544 BCE▫Made laws of

Draco less harsh

▫Freed slaves and favored rights of lower classes

Democratic Principles of Athens

•Origins of Democratic Principles: Direct Democracy, Public Debate, Duties of the Citizen

Direct Democracy•Athens slowly grew to become a democratic

city-state•Athens was a direct democracy—citizens

voted on each issue considered by the government

•Public debates and hearings were held so citizens could express their views▫Free people were allowed to participate in

debates BUT could not vote▫Citizens were expected to partake in debates

and voted

Main Idea

• Sparta formed an oligarchy—rule by small elite group

• Military leaders who controlled the army led the oligarchy

• Rigid social classes developed with lower classes having few rights

• Sparta developed a militaristic and aggressive society

Details

Main Idea

• Stages in Athenian government: Monarchy, aristocracy, tyranny, and democracy

• Tyrants who worked for reform:

- Draco—harsh laws - Solon—favored lower class• Origins of democratic

principles: direct democracy, public debate, duties of the citizen

Details

So What?

The FRAMEKey Topic

is about . . .

Sparta vs. Athens


Sparta Athens

1) Different styles of government divided the Spartans and Athenians2) Athenian democracy is the foundation for modern democracies (ex. U.S.A)

Sparta Athens

Word Bank:- Direct Democracy - Oligarchy - Militaristic- Public Debate - City-states in Greece - Harsh laws of

Draco- Rigid Social Structure - Aggressive Society - Boys

forced into military training- Democratic Principles

Sparta Athens

Word Bank:- Direct Democracy - Oligarchy - Militaristic- Public Debate - City-states in Greece - Harsh laws of

Draco- Rigid Social Structure - Aggressive Society - Boys

forced into military training- Democratic Principles

- Direct Democracy- Oligarchy

- Militaristic - Public Debate- City-states in Greece

- Harsh laws of Draco

- Rigid Social Structure

- Aggressive Society

- Boys forced into military training

- Democratic Principles

The FRAME

Key Topic

is about . . .

So What?



Cause:

Who:

Key Battles:

Result=

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Cause:

Who:

Result:

The Persian and Peloponnesian Wars

Sparta and

Athens=

Sparta and

Athens= Persian War

The FRAME

Key Topic

is about . . .

So What?



Cause:

Who:

Key Battles:

Result=

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Sparta and

Athens=

Sparta and

Athens=

The causes and results of the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars

Persian War

Persian Wars (499-449 BCE)

•Cause: Persia had taken over Asia Minor and was heading for Greece

•Who: Sparta and Athens united to fight against the Persians


•Key Battles: Athens had victories over Persia at the battles of Marathon and Salamis▫Result=Greeks took

control of the Aegean Sea


•Result: Athens preserved its independence and continued innovations in government and culture

http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/the-birth-of-western-history-thucydides-and-herodotus.html#lesson




The FRAME

Key Topic

is about . . .

So What?



Cause:

Persia took over Asia Minor and was heading for GreeceWho:

Sparta and Athens unite to fight against PersiaKey Battles:

Marathon and SalamisResult:

Athens preserved its independence

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Cause:

Who:

Result:


Sparta and

Athens=

Sparta and

Athens= Persian War


Delian League

Delian League

•The Delian League was formed as a result of the Persian War

•It united Greek city-states to help trade and prevent future attacks

•Worked until Athens became too powerful and controlling

The FRAME

Key Topic

is about . . .

So What?



Cause:

Persia took over Asia Minor and was heading for GreeceWho:

Sparta and Athens unite to fight against PersiaKey Battles:

Marathon and SalamisResult:

Athens preserved its independence

• Formed as a result of the Persian War

• United Greek city-states to help trade and prevent future attacks

• Worked until Athens became too powerful

Cause:

Who:

Result:


Sparta and

Athens=

Sparta and

Athens= Persian War


Delian League

Peloponnesian War

Peloponnesian Wars (431-404 BCE)

•Cause: Sparta and Athens wanted control of Greece

•Who: Athens and the Delian League vs. Sparta and the Peloponnesian League

Peloponnesian War (431-404 BCE)

•Result: Sparta won, but Greece was no longer united• Resulted in slowing of

cultural advance and weakening of political power

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFXJWkEvNgk

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e90cubV6dEY





The FRAME

Key Topic

is about . . .

So What?



Cause: Persia took over Asia Minor and was heading for GreeceWho:Sparta and Athens unite to fight against PersiaKey Battles:Marathon and Salamis Result= Control of the Aegean SeaResult:Athens preserved its independence

• Formed as a result of the Persian War

• United Greek city-states to help trade and prevent future attacks

• Worked until Athens became too powerful

Cause:

Sparta and Athens wanted control of GreeceWho:

Athens and Delian League vs. Sparta and Peloponnesian LeagueResult:

Sparta won, Greece no longer united, and weakening of political power


Sparta and

Athens=

Sparta and

Athens= Persian War


Delian League

Peloponnesian War



Essential details

Golden Age of Pericles



Essential details


Why the leadership of Pericles is important to the development of Greek culture

Golden Age of Pericles•Occurred between the Persian

and Peloponnesian Wars•Time of peace and prosperity

for Athens•Pericles, the ruler of Athens,

extended democracy to most males and they had an equal voice

Golden Age of Pericles•Pericles rebuilt

Athens from destruction that occurred during the Persian Wars▫An example of this is

the Parthenon


•So What??????

▫The contributions from this time have become the foundations for western civilization



Essential details


Occurred between the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars

Time of peace and prosperity for Athens

Pericles, the ruler of Athens, extended democracy to most males and they had an equal voice

Pericles rebuilt Athens from destruction that occurred during the Persian Wars

-An example of this is the Parthenon

The contributions from this time have become the foundations for western civilization

Why the leadership of Pericles is important to the development of Greek culture

Contributions of ancient Greece:

Sculpture:-

Mathematics:-

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Architecture:

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Sculpture:•Phidias was the most

famous Greek sculptor▫He built the statue of

Zeus at Olympia and the Parthenon

Greek Columns

•There were three distinct styles of Greek columns:1. Doric2. Ionic3. Corinthian

“Dull” “Eyes” “Crown”

Mathematics

•Euclid—Founder of Geometry

•Pythagoras—student of Euclid▫Created the

Pythagorean theorem

http://www.mathscore.com/math/practice/Pythagorean%20Theorem/




Science: Archimedes

•Archimedes—Greek inventor▫Archimedes Screw

—used to pump water

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Archimedes_screw.JPG

Science: Hippocrates

•Hippocrates—Father of medicine▫Drew a code of ethics

for doctors—Hippocratic Oath

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2YR-xrlzJE




Sculpture:- Phidias was the most famous Greek sculptor; built the Parthenon

Mathematics:- Euclid—father of Geometry

- Pythagoras—student of Euclid; created the Pythagorean Theory

Science:- Archimedes—Greek inventor -created the Archimedes Screw, which was used for pumping water

- Hippocrates—father of Medicine - Created the Hippocratic Oath, still used by doctors today

Doric Ionic Corinthian

Architecture:

“Dull” “Eyes” “Crown”


Drama:-

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Poetry:-

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Greek Philosophers: Socrates

•Socrates taught by using Socratic Method▫Educate through

asking questions

Socrates

•Leaders of Athens felt that he was a threat▫In 399 BCE, he was accused of corrupting

the young and plotting to overthrow the government

▫He was sentenced to death but declared himself innocent

▫He believed in his teachings and carried out the death sentence by drinking hemlock (poisonous plant)

Greek Philosophers: Plato

•Plato was a student of Socrates and organized his teachings

Plato

•Opened a school in Athens called The Academy

•Wrote The Apology in which he explained the teachings of Socrates

•Wrote The Republic in which he set forth his views of government▫He felt the state was more important than

the individual▫Believed Philosopher Kings should rule—

only educated people

Greek Philosophers: Aristotle

•Aristotle was the last great philosopher of Greece and was a student of Plato

Aristotle

•Was the teacher of Alexander the Great

Historians: Herodotus

•Herodotus—Father of History▫Wrote about the

Persian Wars 200 years after they occurred

▫Considered a Secondary Source

▫Often tended to exaggerate events and glorify Athens

Historians: Thucydides

•Thucydides participated in and wrote about the Peloponnesian Wars▫Is considered a

Primary Source—eyewitness

Poetry

•Homer—blind epic poet of Ancient Greece▫Wrote the Iliad and

The Odyssey

Odyssey

Drama

•Sophocles—wrote tragedies, most famous is Antigone and Oedipus Rex

•Aeschylus—wrote over 80 plays—most famous was Agememnon


Drama:- Sophocles—wrote tragedies

such as Oedipus Rex and Antigone

- Aeschylus wrote over 80 plays—most famous was Agamemnon

Poetry:- Homer was a blind epic poet who wrote the Iliad and Odyssey

Philosophy:- Socrates—First great philosopher, taught Plato

- Plato—taught Aristotle; believed only philosophers or the highly educated should rule the government

- Aristotle—Last great Greek philosopher; taught Alexander the Great

History:- Herodotus—father of History; wrote about the Persian Wars 200 years after they were fought; exaggerated events to glorify Athens

- Thucydides—fought in and wrote about the Peloponnesian War

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The FRAMEKey Topic

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Alexander the Great and the Macedonian Empire

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The FRAMEKey Topic

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Macedonian conquest of Greece and how Alexander the Great spread Hellenistic (Greek) Culture

Macedonian Empire and King Philip II

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Macedonian Empire: King Philip II•Following the

Peloponnesian Wars, Greece was left weak

•King Philip II of Macedonia, led his army to Greece and conquered northern Greece

•He died before all of Greece was conquered

Main Idea

• Following the Peloponnesian Wars, Greece was left weak

• • King Philip II of Macedonia,

led his army to Greece and conquered Northern Greece

• He died before all of Greece was conquered

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So What?

The FRAMEKey Topic

is about . . .




Alexander the Great

Alexander the Great•Philip’s son, Alexander the

Great, age 23, took over and conquered Greece

•Alexander adopted Hellenistic culture (Greek Culture) and spread it with his empire

Alexander the Great

•Alexander’s empire stretched from Greece to Egypt

•He died at age 33, and the empire was divided

•After his death, the Macedonian’s were defeated by the Romans

Main Idea

• Following the Peloponnesian Wars, Greece was left weak

• • King Philip II of Macedonia,

led his army to Greece and conquered Northern Greece

• He died before all of Greece was conquered

Details

Main Idea

• Philip’s son, Alexander the Great, age 23, took over and conquered Greece

• Alexander adopted Hellenistic culture (Greek Culture) and spread it with his empire

• Alexander’s empire stretched from Greece to Egypt

• He died at age 33, after his death, the empire was divided

• After his death, the Macedonian’s were defeated by the Romans

Details

So What?

The FRAMEKey Topic

is about . . .




Alexander the Great

Alexander the Great and the Macedonians conquered Greece but kept and spread the Hellenistic Culture

Map of Alexander’s (Macedonian) Empire• Alexander’s Empire stretches as far west as __________ and

___________; and as far east as ___________.

Map of Alexander’s (Macedonian) Empire• Alexander’s Empire stretches as far west as __________ and

___________; and as far east as ___________.

Greece

Egypt India

The FRAME RoutineKey Topic

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Essential details

Hellenistic Culture


is about…


Essential details

Hellenistic Culture

How Alexander the Great spread Greek Culture around the world

Hellenistic Culture

•The culture of Greece that came from the Golden Age of Pericles is known as Hellenistic Culture

Hellenistic Age

•Hellenistic Age= Blend of Greek and oriental elements

•Alexander the Great spread Hellenistic culture through trade


is about…


Essential details

Hellenistic Culture

How Alexander the Great spread Greek Culture around the world

The culture of Greece that came from the Golden Age of Pericles is known as Hellenistic Culture

Hellenistic Age= Blend of Greek and Oriental Culture

Alexander the Great spread Hellenistic culture through trade

Hellenistic Culture developed during the Golden Age of Pericles and was later spread by Alexander the Great

ancient greece whi. 5 v =tmztksk1s9c

Documents

aegean sea north

aegean basin shape greek

patterns of trade

west of asia minor west

ancient greecehow

mediterranean sea isolation

peloponnesus peninsulas

troy introduction