ancient greece: the classical spirit part ii early greece

Ancient Greece: Ancient Greece: The Classical SpiritThe Classical Spirit

Part IIPart II

Early GreeceEarly Greece

Rise of Ancient GreeceRise of Ancient GreecePart IIPart II

Bronze Age and Mycenaean Civilization Bronze Age and Mycenaean Civilization end 1100 BCE (Dorian Invasion)end 1100 BCE (Dorian Invasion)

New civilization begins in 1000 BCENew civilization begins in 1000 BCE– Geometric period 1000-700 BCEGeometric period 1000-700 BCE– Orientalizing period 700-600 BCEOrientalizing period 700-600 BCE– Archaic period 600-480 BCEArchaic period 600-480 BCE

Rise of Ancient GreeceRise of Ancient GreeceGEOMETRIC PERIOD (1000-700BCE)GEOMETRIC PERIOD (1000-700BCE)

Also known as the Heoric AgeAlso known as the Heoric Age

No political center = independent city No political center = independent city states states – Polis ruled by council of aristocratsPolis ruled by council of aristocrats– IndependentIndependent


PotteryPottery– Geometric styleGeometric style

decorative decorative geometric geometric bandsbands cover the surface cover the surfaceShows concern for Shows concern for proportionproportion and and thoughtful composition thoughtful composition and and placement placement of of elementselementsCommonly Commonly narratenarrate funeral processionfuneral processionKraterKrater large vase with a large vase with a wide mouth, used as a wide mouth, used as a burial markerburial marker


PotteryPottery

What are the differences between the Geometric style and the Aegean style?


SculptureSculpture– Not much exists because the material was Not much exists because the material was

perishableperishable– Mostly animalsMostly animals

Most likely used as sacrifices to the gods in place Most likely used as sacrifices to the gods in place of real animalsof real animals

What exists was found in burial tombsWhat exists was found in burial tombs

Simple, abstract and sophisticatedSimple, abstract and sophisticated


SculptureSculptureAbstract styleAbstract style

Hat and beltHat and belt

Pinched Pinched wastewaste

Exaggeration Exaggeration of important of important featuresfeatures

Rise of Ancient GreeceRise of Ancient Greece

GEOMETRIC PERIOD (1000-700BCE)GEOMETRIC PERIOD (1000-700BCE) Known as the Heroic Age because of Known as the Heroic Age because of Iliad and OdysseyIliad and OdysseyBecomes the “basis for Greek education because of Becomes the “basis for Greek education because of model of conduct—of heroism and pride, of cunning and model of conduct—of heroism and pride, of cunning and loyalty” (Benton and Yanni 69).loyalty” (Benton and Yanni 69).

Iliad Iliad = great deeds on the battlefield, military glory, = great deeds on the battlefield, military glory, narrow viewnarrow view– Achilles’ tale of purely physical strengthAchilles’ tale of purely physical strength

OdysseyOdyssey = values of home and hearth, patience and = values of home and hearth, patience and wisdomwisdom– Odysseus’ tale of wisdom gained through sufferingOdysseus’ tale of wisdom gained through suffering– Conflict to return home as prince or experience adventure and Conflict to return home as prince or experience adventure and

test himself as a herotest himself as a hero

Rise of Ancient GreeceRise of Ancient GreeceORIENTALIZING PERIOD (700-600 BCE)ORIENTALIZING PERIOD (700-600 BCE)

Polis’ begin trading with the East (Egypt, Polis’ begin trading with the East (Egypt, Persia and Phoenicia)Persia and Phoenicia)

First see human form sculpturesFirst see human form sculptures

Unified language with introduction of an Unified language with introduction of an alphabetalphabet


PotteryPottery– Inspired by the orientalInspired by the oriental– Move away from geometric as form more Move away from geometric as form more

important (animals, human, etc)important (animals, human, etc)– Color reveals origin of vasesColor reveals origin of vases– Symmetry evidentSymmetry evident– Human form influenced by Egypt and animal Human form influenced by Egypt and animal

form influenced by Mesopotamiaform influenced by Mesopotamia


PotteryPottery


SculptureSculpture

Rise of Ancient GreeceRise of Ancient GreeceARCHAIC PERIOD (600-480 BCE)ARCHAIC PERIOD (600-480 BCE)

Study of human form, naturalismStudy of human form, naturalism– PotteryPottery– SculptureSculpture– ArchitectureArchitecture– LiteratureLiterature


PotteryPottery– Black Figure VasesBlack Figure Vases

Black glaze over a Black glaze over a natural red clay vase natural red clay vase

Designs etched in and Designs etched in and filled with colorfilled with color

Imperfect silhouettesImperfect silhouettes

SymmetrySymmetry

Human form vs. Human form vs. animalsanimals

Limited by toolsLimited by tools


PotteryPottery

Narratives told stories of mythology, battles and winners of olympic games


PotteryPottery– Red Figure StyleRed Figure Style– Background around Background around

subject is glazed in subject is glazed in black and figures are black and figures are painted on with a painted on with a brushbrush

– Details are no longer Details are no longer etched in = more detail etched in = more detail and sophisticationand sophistication


PotteryPottery

Composition is detailed and in rectangle to follow the shape of the vase.


ArchitectureArchitectureDoric style = simple, severe, powerful and not Doric style = simple, severe, powerful and not decorativedecorativeAppears disproportionate and awkwardAppears disproportionate and awkward

Thick heavy columns.

Shaft abruptly tapers at the capital = bulge look of the column


SculptureSculpture– Kouros: life-size Kouros: life-size

representation of nude male representation of nude male youth, standing with one foot youth, standing with one foot forward and arms at sidesforward and arms at sides

– KoréKoré: softer or female version. : softer or female version. Clothing softened statueClothing softened statue

Eastern influencesEastern influences

– Stylized, painted and Stylized, painted and decorateddecorated

Later became more Later became more naturalistic (true human form)naturalistic (true human form)Proportions become natural Proportions become natural (waist)(waist)

Art in Early GreeceArt in Early Greece

The Archaic period: 650-490 B.C. The Archaic period: 650-490 B.C. Progression from the Egyptian modelsProgression from the Egyptian models

NaturalismNaturalism: attempt to represent objects : attempt to represent objects as they appear in natureas they appear in nature

Vase painting: red-figure technique: Vase painting: red-figure technique: figures left unpaintedfigures left unpainted

Greeks’ range of feelings and actionsGreeks’ range of feelings and actions

Early Greek PoetryEarly Greek Poetry

Homeric epics: long narrative poems; Homeric epics: long narrative poems; heroic deeds; hero who brings pride to heroic deeds; hero who brings pride to country. country. Iliad Iliad and and Odyssey: Odyssey: First First masterpieces of Western literature.masterpieces of Western literature.

““distant and communal perspective…”distant and communal perspective…”

Heroes: Achilles and OdysseusHeroes: Achilles and Odysseus

Despite man’s frailties, his life is nobleDespite man’s frailties, his life is noble

Sappho’s Lyric PoetrySappho’s Lyric Poetry

Lyric poems: brief, expressing feelings, Lyric poems: brief, expressing feelings, often accompanied by a lyre.often accompanied by a lyre.

Sappho’s poems expressed her love for Sappho’s poems expressed her love for her women friends.her women friends.

Lived her life on the island of LesbosLived her life on the island of Lesbos

ancient greece: the classical spirit part ii early greece

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