anatomy of scalp
TRANSCRIPT
Head and Neck SCALP Dr. Mohamed El Fiky
Eye brows
Superior nuchal lines and external occipital protuberance
Superior temporal lines
Temple
Temple
Temple
Scalp
Scalp
Definition: Is the soft tissue covering the vault of the skull. Extent: (1) Anteriorly: supraorbital margins. (2) Posteriorly: highest nuchal line. (3) On each side: superior temporal lines:
SCALP
1- s : skin 2- C : connective tissue 3- A : Apponeurosis (Epicranial ) and Occipitofrontalis Muscle 4- L : loose areolar connective tissue 5- P : Pericranium (Periosteum) (Subapponeurotic Space)
Face
Scalp
Temporal Fascia
Skin Connective tissue
Epicranial apponeuorosis
Epicranial Apponeurosis Superior temporal line
Third layer of scalp
Frontal Bellies
of Occipitofrontalis
Occipital Belly
Occipital Belly
Occiptal belly: Origin: Insertion: Nerve supply: Action: Lateral part of highest nuchal line Epicranial aponeurosis. Posterior auricular branch of facial nerve. Moves the scalp backwards. Frontal bellies (frontalis): Origin: Skin of the forehead (no bony attachment) Insertion: Epicranial ' aponeurois.
Parotid Gland
Temporal branch
of Facial nerve
Posterior Auricular
of Facial nerve
Facial Nerve
Nerve Supply of Occipitofrontalis Muscle : Frontal belly by : temporal branch of facial nerve Occiptal belly by : Posterior Auricular of Facial nerve
Frontal Bellies of
Occipitofrontalis
Corrugator Supercelli and
Procerus
Action of Occipitofrontalis Muscle A- Frontal belly : (1) Moves the scalp forwards. (2) Raises the eyebrows (surprise).
(3) Causes horizontal wrinkles in the skin of the forehead (Horror). B- occiptal belly : Moves the scalp backwards.
Skin Connective tissue
Epicranial apponeuorosis
Subapponeurotic space
Emmissary vein
Black Eye
Supraorbital artery
Supratrochlear artery
Superficial temporal
artery
Posterior auricular artery
Occipital artery
Arteries of the SCALP
External Carotid Artery
Maxillary Artery
Superficial Temporal Artery
Parotid Gland
The Zygomatic Arch Tragus
Superficial Temporal Vein Auriculo-temporal Nerve
Superficial temporal Artery
1- Transverse facial artery
3- Anterior auricular artery
2- Zygomatico-orbital artery
4- Middle Temporal artery
5- Anterior terminal branch
6- Posterior terminal branch
1- Superficial Temporal Artery
Arteries of the SCALP
Origin,: external carotid artery Termination : by dividing into 2 terminal branches ant. & post. Branches : 1- Transverse facial artery
2- Zygomatico-orbital artery
3- Anterior auricular artery
4- Middle Temporal artery
5- Anterior terminal branch
Veins of the SCALP
1- Superficial Veins
Lymph Drainage of the SCALP
Pre-auriculalr
Submandibular
Occipital
Nerve supply of the SCALP A- Motor Nerve supply of the SCALP
* Temporal branch of Facial nerve ( in front of the ear )
* Posterior Auricular of Facial nerve (in the back the ear )
B- Sensory Nerve supply of the SCALP
2- Supratrochlear Nerve
1- Supraorbital Nerve
3- Zygomatico-temporal Nerve
4- Auriculo-=temporal Nerve 4- Great Auricular Nerve
3- Lesser Occipital Nerve
1- Greater OccipitalNerve
2- Third Occipital Nerve
In front of ear Behind the ear
Parotid Gland
Temporal branch
of Facial nerve
Posterior Auricular
of Facial nerve
Facial Nerve
A- Motor nerve supply
B- Sensory Nerve supply of the SCALP
Supratrochlear Nerve
Supraorbital Nerve
Zygomatico-temporal Nerve
Auriculo-=temporal Nerve
A- In front of the ear
Great Auricular Nerve
Lesser Occipital Nerve
Greater Occipital Nerve
Third Occipital l Nerve
behind ear
Clinical Notes
Scalp Wound
Wounds of the scalp bleed profusely
Emmissary vein
Emmissary vein
Infection can be transmitted from scalp to dural sinuses through emissary veins