anatomy and physiology i muscles that move the vertebral skeleton muscles that aid in breathing...
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Anatomy and Physiology I
Muscles that Move the Vertebral Skeleton
Muscles that Aid in Breathing
Muscles of the Abdominal Wall
Muscles that Move the Scapula
Instructor: Mary Holman
Muscles that move the Vertebral Column
Erector spinae:
Iliocostalis group - lateral
Longissimus group - intermediate
Spinalis group - medial
Fig. 9.26
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Action:Acting together, muscles of each region extend and main-tain erect posture of vertebralcolumn in their respectiveregion.Acting singly, laterally flexvertebral column in their region.
Iliocostalis (lateral) groupIliocostalis cervicisIliocostalis thoracisIliocostalis lumborum
Fig. 9.26
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Cervicis - Origin: upper 6 ribsInsertion: cervical vertebrae 4-6Action: extends neck
Thoracis -Origin: lower 6 ribsInsertion: upper 6 ribsAction: holds spine erect, extends, laterally flexes & rotates
Lumborum -Origin: Iliac crest & lumbar vert.Insertion: lower 6 ribsAction: Extends, laterally flexes &rotates spine
Iliocostalis lumborum
Iliocostalis thoracis
Iliocostalis cervicis
Iliocostalis Group of Erector Spinae
Fig. 9.26
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Action:Acting together, both L. capitismuscles extend the head. Acting singly, they rotate the head to the same side as thecontracting muscle. Acting together, L. cervicis &L. thoracis extend the vertebral column in their regions. Actingsingly, they laterally flex the vertebral column in their region.
Longissimus (intermediate) Group
Longissimus capitisLongissimus cervicisLongissimus thoracis
Fig. 9.26
Capitis- Origin: upper thoracic, lower cervical vertebrae Insertion: Mastoid processAction: extends & rotates head
Cervicis -Origin: 4th and 5th thoracic vertebraeInsertion: 2nd - 6th cervical vertebraeAction: holds spine erect, extends, laterally flexes & rotates
Thoracis-Origin: lumbar vertebraeInsertion: Thor. and upper lumbarvertebrae & ribs 9 & 10Action: Extends thoracic region of spine
Longissimus capitis
Longissimus cervicis
Longissimus thoracis
Longissimus Group of Erector spinae
Fig. 9.26
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Action:Acting together, muscles of each region extend the vertebral column of their respective regions.
Spinalis (medial) GroupSpinalis capitisSpinalis cervicisSpinalis thoracis
Fig. 9.26
Capitis- Origin: upper thoracic, lower cervical vertebrae Insertion: Occipital boneAction: extends & rotates head
Cervicis -Origin: ligmentum nuchae & 7thcervical vertebraInsertion: axisAction: holds spine erect, extends, laterally flexes & rotates
Thoracis-Origin: upper lumbar and lowerthoracic vertebraeInsertion: Upper thoracic vertebrae Action: Extends thoracic region of spine
Spinalis thoracis
Spinalis cervicis
Spinalis capitis
Spinalis Group of Erector spinae
Erector spinae:
Iliocostalis group Longissimus group Spinalis group
APRevealed
Fig. 9.26
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Origin: Iliac crest
Insertion: Upper lumbar vertebrae & 12th rib
Action: Aids in breathing,Extends lumbar region
Quadratus lumborum
Muscles Used in Breathing
• Diaphragm
• External Intercostals
• Internal Intercostals
• Quadratus lumborum
Diaphragm
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Plate 7, pg 45
Origin: Xiphoid process,costal cartilagesof inferior 6 ribs,and lumbar vertebrae
Insertion:Central tendon
Externalintercostal m.
Internal intercostal m.
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Plate 7, pg 45
Origin: Inferior border of rib aboveInsertion:Superior border of rib below
Origin:Superior border of rib belowInsertion:Inferior border of rib above
Intercostals
Fig. 9.26
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Origin: Iliac crest
Insertion: Upper lumbar vertebrae & 12th rib
Action: Aids in breathing,extends lumbar region
Quadratus lumborum
Quadratuslumborum
Anterior view
Plate 7 pg. 45
Muscles of the Abdominal Wall
Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis
Fig. 9.35a
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Origin: Crest of pubis and symphysispubis
Insertion:Xiphoid process of sternum and costal cartilages of 5th to 7th ribs
Action:Tenses abdominal wall,compresses abdominal con-tents and flexes vertebralcolumn.
Rectus abdominisTendinous intersections
External oblique
Origin:Outer surfaces of lower 8 ribs
Insertion:Iliac crest and lineaalba
Action:Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents.
9.35 a & b
Fig. 9.35a & c
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Internal oblique
Origin:Crest of ilium and inguinal ligament
Insertion:Cartilages of lowerribs, linea alba and,crest of pubis
Action:Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents
Fig. 9.35d
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Transversus abdominis
Origin:Costal cartilages oflower ribs, processesof lumbar vertebrae,& lip of iliac crest.
Insertion:Linea alba and crest of pubis.
Action:Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents
Rectus abdominus
External Oblique
Internal Oblique
Transversus abdominus
Plate Two Pg 40
Fig. 9.35e
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Internal oblique
Peritoneum
Skin
Linea alba
Rectus abdominis
Transversusabdominis
External oblique
Transverse Section through Abdominal Wall
Page 347
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Muscles that Move the Pectoral Girdle
Muscles that Move the Pectoral Girdle
Anterior Thoracic Muscles• Pectoralis minor• Serratus anteriorPosterior Thoracic Muscles• Trapezius• Levator scapulae• Rhomboideus major• Rhomboideus minor
Fig. 9.28
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Pectoralis minor
Origin:Three upper ribs (can vary)
Insertion:Coracoid process of scapula
Action:Depresses and abductsscapula forward, rotates it downward or raises ribs
Fig. 9.28
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Serratus anterior
Origin:Superior 8 or 9 ribs
Insertion:Ventral surface of scapula
Action:Pulls scapula anteriorly and downward
Fig. 9.27bCopyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Trapezius
Fig. 9.28
Origin: Occipital bone& spines of 7th cervical and all thoracic vertebrae Insertion: Clavicle, spine and acromionprocess of scapula
Action: Rotates scapulacan raise, pull medially,pull upward or depress scapula
Anterior
Posterior
Plate 57 pg 349
Deltoid m.
Trapezius m.
Infraspinatus m.
Border of scapula
Latissimus dorsi m.
Erector spinae m.
Triceps brachii m.
Biceps brachii m.
Teres major m.
Vertebral spine
© Dr. Kent M. Van De Graaff
Fig. 9.29a
Levator scapulae
Spine of scapula
Origin: Transverse processes of superior 4 or 5 cervical vertebrae
Insertion: Medial border of scapula
Action: Elevatesscapula and rotates it downward
Fig. 9.27a
Fig. 9.27d
Rhomboideus major
Origin: Spines ofupper thoracicvertebrae
Insertion: Medialmargin of scapula
Action: Adducts,elevates and rotates scapuladownward
Fig. 9.27a
Fig. 9.27d
Rhomboideus minor
Origin: Spines oflower cervicalvertebrae
Insertion: Medialmargin of scapula
Action: Adducts,and elevates scapula