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Analysing Analysing Miss O’Grady Miss O’Grady

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Page 1: Analysing Miss O’Grady. Analysing Analysing is the interpretation of the data. It involves examining the data and giving meaning to it. When data has

AnalysingAnalysingMiss O’GradyMiss O’Grady

Page 2: Analysing Miss O’Grady. Analysing Analysing is the interpretation of the data. It involves examining the data and giving meaning to it. When data has

AnalysingAnalysing Analysing is the interpretation of the data. It Analysing is the interpretation of the data. It

involves examining the data and giving meaning involves examining the data and giving meaning to it. When data has been ordered and given to it. When data has been ordered and given meaning by people it is called information.meaning by people it is called information.

The hardware requirements for analysing data The hardware requirements for analysing data depend on the type of analysis and amount of depend on the type of analysis and amount of data.data.

There is a range of software applications to There is a range of software applications to analyse image, audio, video, text and numeric analyse image, audio, video, text and numeric data.data.

Non-computer tools for analysing include manual Non-computer tools for analysing include manual filing systems and creating simulations using filing systems and creating simulations using models.models.

Page 3: Analysing Miss O’Grady. Analysing Analysing is the interpretation of the data. It involves examining the data and giving meaning to it. When data has

HardwareHardware

Hardware requirements for analysing Hardware requirements for analysing depend on the type of analysis. When depend on the type of analysis. When analysis involves large amounts of data or analysis involves large amounts of data or complex simulations, the hardware must complex simulations, the hardware must perform a large number of computations perform a large number of computations very quickly and with a high degree of very quickly and with a high degree of precision. If the simulations are complex, precision. If the simulations are complex, such as in scientific applications, then a such as in scientific applications, then a supercomputer or mainframe may be supercomputer or mainframe may be required. Analysis depends on the storage required. Analysis depends on the storage and processing capabilities of the and processing capabilities of the information system.information system.

Page 4: Analysing Miss O’Grady. Analysing Analysing is the interpretation of the data. It involves examining the data and giving meaning to it. When data has

Large amounts of Large amounts of storagestorage are needed to are needed to receive and retain data over a period of receive and retain data over a period of time. If the primary storage (memory) time. If the primary storage (memory) and secondary storage (memory) and and secondary storage (memory) and secondary storage (storage) resources secondary storage (storage) resources are abundant, then fast processing is are abundant, then fast processing is possible.possible.

Fast processing is needed to complete Fast processing is needed to complete the many calculations often required for the many calculations often required for analysis. This is performed by the central analysis. This is performed by the central processing unit (CPU). Applications processing unit (CPU). Applications requiring complex analysis use parallel requiring complex analysis use parallel processing. This is the simultaneous processing. This is the simultaneous processing of instructions using multiple processing of instructions using multiple processors or CPUs. Parallel processing processors or CPUs. Parallel processing is much faster than using one CPU.is much faster than using one CPU.

Page 5: Analysing Miss O’Grady. Analysing Analysing is the interpretation of the data. It involves examining the data and giving meaning to it. When data has

Development of Computers

Page 6: Analysing Miss O’Grady. Analysing Analysing is the interpretation of the data. It involves examining the data and giving meaning to it. When data has

SoftwarSoftwaree

Participants use a range of software Participants use a range of software applications to analyse image, audio, applications to analyse image, audio, video, text and numeric data.video, text and numeric data.

SearchingSearching is the process of locating data is the process of locating data and information. Most software and information. Most software applications have a ‘Find’ or ‘Search’ applications have a ‘Find’ or ‘Search’ command. The user types in a string of command. The user types in a string of text or numbers and the software text or numbers and the software examines the data to find a match. A query examines the data to find a match. A query is a search of a database for records that is a search of a database for records that meet a certain condition. There are three meet a certain condition. There are three methods of entering a simple query: methods of entering a simple query: selecting a menu option, using query by selecting a menu option, using query by example and using a query language.example and using a query language.

SortingSorting is the process of arranging data in is the process of arranging data in a particular order. Sorts are performed in a particular order. Sorts are performed in either ascending order (A to Z)either ascending order (A to Z)

Page 7: Analysing Miss O’Grady. Analysing Analysing is the interpretation of the data. It involves examining the data and giving meaning to it. When data has

SoftwarSoftwaree

Participants use a range of software Participants use a range of software applications to analyse image, audio, applications to analyse image, audio, video, text and numeric data.video, text and numeric data.

Modelling Modelling and and simulations simulations are used to are used to make predictions and examine make predictions and examine decisions concerning real situations. A decisions concerning real situations. A model is a representation of some model is a representation of some aspect of the real world and a aspect of the real world and a simulation is the use of that model.simulation is the use of that model.

‘‘What-if’ predictionsWhat-if’ predictions are a powerful are a powerful feature of spreadsheet software. The feature of spreadsheet software. The software allows the user to make software allows the user to make changes to one item of data and changes to one item of data and observing the effects on other items.observing the effects on other items.

ChartsCharts are a graphical representation are a graphical representation of numerical data.of numerical data.

Page 8: Analysing Miss O’Grady. Analysing Analysing is the interpretation of the data. It involves examining the data and giving meaning to it. When data has

Non-computer toolsNon-computer tools

Information technology is not always a suitable Information technology is not always a suitable tool for analysing data. It is often necessary to tool for analysing data. It is often necessary to compare and contrast computer and non-compare and contrast computer and non-computer tools for analysis on the basis of computer tools for analysis on the basis of speed, volume of data and cost. The following speed, volume of data and cost. The following are some of the non-computer tools used for are some of the non-computer tools used for analysis.analysis. Searching manual filing systems to retrieve Searching manual filing systems to retrieve

documents depends on how accurately the data has documents depends on how accurately the data has been organised and sorted. been organised and sorted.

Simulations often involve using complex Simulations often involve using complex mathematical processes. A set of rules, mathematical processes. A set of rules, relationships and procedures are specified. During relationships and procedures are specified. During the simulation these mathematical processes are the simulation these mathematical processes are analysed.analysed.

Page 9: Analysing Miss O’Grady. Analysing Analysing is the interpretation of the data. It involves examining the data and giving meaning to it. When data has

Social and Ethical Social and Ethical IssuesIssues

The widespread use of information technology The widespread use of information technology has raised a number of ethical issues.has raised a number of ethical issues. Unauthorised AnalysisUnauthorised Analysis: Data occurs when people : Data occurs when people

gain illegal access to an information system. The gain illegal access to an information system. The theft of information and its subsequent analysis is theft of information and its subsequent analysis is a major concern for any organisation.a major concern for any organisation.

The The incorrect analysis incorrect analysis of data results in inaccurate of data results in inaccurate information. If data has been poorly organised or information. If data has been poorly organised or an inappropriate model used to represent a an inappropriate model used to represent a situation, the analysis will be wrong.situation, the analysis will be wrong.

Privacy is eroded by linking databases for Privacy is eroded by linking databases for analysis. Most people leave a trail of electronic analysis. Most people leave a trail of electronic data.data.