an effective model of sustainable development …. sergi...an effective model of sustainable...

AN EFFECTIVE MODEL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IMPLEMENTED IN LIGURIA REGION: THE CASE STUDY

OF VARESE LIGURE MUNICIPALITY

Giovanni Sergi, Carlo Berio

SMART AND SUSTAINABLE PLANNING FOR CITIES AND REGIONS 2015Bolzano/Bozen (Italy), 19-20 November 2015

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PORTOFINO

LA SPEZIA

VARESE LIGURE

GENOVAPARMA

WHERE IS VARESE LIGURE?The Municipality of Varese Ligure is located in Liguria with a territorial surface of 137 square kilometres and 2,091 inhabitants in 2013

Giovanni Sergi, Carlo BerioAn effective model of sustainable development implemented in Liguria Region: the case study of Varese Ligure Municipality

Varese LigureHistorical center ,14th century

Vara river

Provincial road n.49

Towards La Spezia

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NORTH

In 1994 the Municipal Administrationdecided to give up a developmentprogramme focused on the protectionand promotion of its environmentalresources which cover one of the widestmunicipal areas in Liguria region and ona selected sustainable tourism


FIESCHI SQUARE IN VARESE LIGURE AND ITS INHABITANTS, 2014 4 /34

The main results of the development programme of theMunicipality have been the following: stop of depopulation,independency through renewable energy, 1,800 ha of certifiedorganic agriculture, the number of tourists has increased bythree times, about 140 new jobs, reduction of waste


Since the 70’s the European Union has adopted more than 200 legislative acts to safeguard the environment.In 2050, the EU economy will have to be able to offer a high standard of living and at the same time guarantee a reduced impact on the environment. Between 1990 and 2000 increase in ground that was made waterproof

amounted to 1,000 square km per year

THE EU ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES

5/34Source: European Commission, the EU environment policies, 2013


6/34Giovanni Sergi, Carlo BerioAn effective model of sustainable development implemented in Liguria Region: the case study of Varese Ligure Municipality

Source: ISPRA ,2014 7/34

ESTIMATE OF SOIL CONSUMPTION AT REGIONAL LEVEL IN THE 50s AND IN 2012

Varese Ligure

In European Union between 1990 and 2000 increase in ground that was made waterproof amounted to 1,000 square km per year. In Italy between 2008 and 2013 increase in ground that was made

waterproof amounted to 55 hectares per day (190 square km per year)Giovanni Sergi, Carlo BerioAn effective model of sustainable development implemented in Liguria Region: the case study of Varese Ligure Municipality

“MUNICIPALITIES BASED ON RENEWABLE SOURCES” REPORT BY LEGAMBIENTE

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Varese Ligure

In 2012 in Italy 13% of the overall energy consumption and 28.2 % of electricity consumption came from renewable sources


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EMAS CERTIFIED MUNICIPALITIES (Eco-Management and Audit Scheme)

ISO 14001 CERTIFIED MUNICIPALITIES (International Organization for Standardization)

Source: Region Liguria, 2008

Varese Ligure

Varese Ligure

THE PATH TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY FOLLOWED BY THE REGIONAL AUTHORITY OF LIGURIA

The Regional Operational Programme of Liguria POR 2007-2013 funded by the European Regional Development Fund gives a meaningful contribution to the development of an integrated

sustainable energy policy, soil conservation and prevention of natural risks


ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND RENEWABLE SOURCES

Source: Region Liguria , 2008

STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (VAS)

PLACES & TECHNOLOGIES 2015VARESE LIGURE: AN ITALIAN RURAL MUNICIPALITY WHICH HAS IMPLEMENTED AN EXEMPLARY MODEL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Varese Ligure

Varese Ligure

THE PATH TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY FOLLOWED BY THE REGIONAL AUTHORITY OF LIGURIA

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The Regional Rural Development Programme PSR 2007-2013 is a programme for the development of agriculture and rural economy as well as the improvement of the environment and quality of life in rural areas


11/34Source: Study Centre of the Chambers of Commerce, Liguria

USE OF LAND IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF VARESE LIGURE 1970 TOPOGRAPHIC MAP 1:50.000 OF THE REGION LIGURIA

Historical Centreof Varese Ligure

Vara river

TowardsLa Spezia

TERRITORY, POPULATION AND PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES IN VARESE LIGURE

bushy pastures and degradedpastures

natural meadowsand pastures

arboreal vegetation

rocks

Meadows multiannual,intercropped forages


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CHART ON THE USE OF SOIL, 2012 TOPOGRAPHIC MAP 1:10.000 OF THE REGION LIGURIA

Historical Centreof Varese Ligure

Vara riverTowards La Spezia


The municipal territory is the second largest territory in Liguria after the Municipality of Genoa covering anarea of 13,759 hectares corresponding to 137.59 square kilometres. In 2013, it had a population of 2,091inhabitants living in twenty-seven small villages. The main villages are Varese Ligure and S. Pietro Vara. 95% ofthe municipal territory is made up of non built-up areas


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COMPARISON BETWEEN THE USE OF SOIL IN 1970 AND 2012There is a meaningful increase in areas covered with woods as well as the decrease in cultivated farming lands


1970 2012Woods Natural pasture land

Land covered with herbageAreas for different use


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Year Population Index number

1861 7,851 1001871 8,063 1031881 8,185 1041901 7,154 911911 7,127 911921 7,158 911931 6,805 871936 6,762 861951 5,909 751961 4,710 601971 3,711 471981 3,118 401991 2,681 342001 2,358 302011 2,151 28

Source: Italian National Institute of Statistics, Rome

Year Population

1991 2,6811992 2,6101993 2,5831991 2,5501995 2,5411996 2,5141997 2,4931998 2,4781999 2,4182000 2,3902001 2,3582002 2,3502003 2,2942004 2,2832005 2,2542006 2,2232007 2,2152008 2,2212009 2,1762010 2,1772011 2,1512012 2,0932013 2,091

DEMOGRAPHIC DYNAMICS OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF VARESE LIGURE



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DEMOGRAPHIC TREND IN VARESE LIGURE

2,091 (2013)

2,550 (1991)

2,091 (2013)

7,851 (1861)

We find out that Varese Ligure was subject to emigration of its inhabitants for a long time

DEMOGRAPHIC TREND



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POPULATION OF VARESE LIGURE BASED ON GROUPS OF AGES

1971 1981 1991 2001 20110-14 years 493 297 221 189 177

15-64 years 2,288 1,755 1,447 1,222 1,19565 and more 930 2,066 1,013 947 779

Source: Italian National Institute of Statistics, Rome


0-14 years

15-64 years

65 and more


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Ars Food

Point of sale of organic livestock byCooperativa S. Pietro Vara

In 2014 the “Biodistretto Val di Vara-Valle del Biologico” district for organic production was established which also includes the Municipality of Varese Ligure

AGRICULTURE AND ORGANIC LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION


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STABILIMENTO AZIENDA BIOLOGICA ARS FOOD PRODUZIONE DI YOGURT BIO

Ars Food

In Varese Ligure there are more than 60 certified organic farms, on a surface of 1,800 hectares led by two cooperatives: San Pietro Vara and Casearia

AGRICULTURE AND ORGANIC LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION


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TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE AREA OF VARESE LIGURE. PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY FROM RENEWABLE SOURCES

The wind farm installed in 2002 and enhanced in 2006 is equipped with four wind turbines which ensure an overall power of 3,2 MW located at a height of 1,100 metres above sea level close to the Cappelletta pass. The wind farm achieves a production of 7 GWh/year which is five times higher than the energy need of the area of Varese Ligure


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SAFEGUARD OF BIODIVERSITY, MANAGEMENT OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE, WATER TREATMENT

Biodiversity here is safeguarded by the activities carried out by farms and livestock farms.

In the Municipality of Varese Ligure in 2014 waste collection reached 30.20% of the municipal solid waste production


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PRIZES AND CERTIFICATIONS

Varese Ligure in 2004 received from the EU the prize “Promote 100” in Berlin, for the European Rural Municipality which has implemented the most complete and

unique project for sustainable development.

In 2005 it was the first Municipality in Europe which obtained the European certification European Energy Award, an award for the local authorities which contribute to a sustainable future through the efficient use and exploitation of

renewable sources


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DEVELOPMENT OF BUILT-UP AREAS IN VARESE LIGURE AND SIMULTANEOUS POPULATION DECREASE

Source: Collection of topographic maps of the Region Liguria

Population : 3,426 inhabitants Population : 2,879 inhabitants Population : 2,358 inhabitants

ORTHOIMAGE 1973,1986 AND 2001 SCALE 1:10.000 AND GRAPHICS OF THE POPULATION

ROLE OF TOWN PLANNING IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT


COMPARISON BETWEEN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE URBAN FABRIC AND AREAS COVERED WITH WOOD

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Urban Area Areascoveredwith wood

Historical Centre

ROLE OF TOWN PLANNING IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Source: Collection of topographic maps of Liguria Region


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EXTRACT FROM THE GENERAL ZONING PLAN OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF VARESE LIGURE, 1998 ZONING TABLE 1:5.000

Borgorotondohistorical center 14th century

Vara river

Towards La Spezia

North

ROLE OF TOWN PLANNING IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GENERAL VARIANCE TO THE MASTER PLAN (PRG)


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Vara river

La Spezia

North


The General Variance to the PRG set two main objectives. The first one is upgrading of the local territory by reducing developable volumes through incentives and measures aiming at a reorganisation of settled areas in Varese Ligure



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Vara river

La Spezia

North


The second objective was re-launching traditional farming activities. The potential of tourism-related activities was taken into account as a source of income in the high Vara Valley. The protection and promotion of the environment are a priority of urban planning measures included in the General Variance to the PRG together with the role of men and women in the protection of nature, as the only real guarantee to keep environmental values and effectively safeguard of the territory




Vara river

Provincial road n.49

Towards La Spezia

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NORTH



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THE DETAILED PLAN FOR THE HISTORICAL CENTRE

THE HISTORICAL CENTRE AND THE PROVINCIAL ROAD N. 49

The main objectives of the Detailed Plan for the historical centre of Varese Ligure have been the recovery of the existing building heritage, safeguard of historical-environmental values and specifically, identification of effective solutions to the needs of residents in the ancient village


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Source: Google.it/maps

VARESE LIGURE

FIESCHI SQUARE IN VARESE LIGURE

The Plan for the historical centre pursued the following objectives: a) effective and suitable architectural recoveryin order to ensure compliance with the types of buildings, constructions and historical heritageb) improvement of comfort and convenience of homes through a slight increase in volumes and reorganisation

THE DETAILED PLAN FOR THE HISTORICAL CENTRE


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NORTH

Vara river

THE DETAILED PLAN FOR THE HISTORICAL CENTRE, DESIGNER ARCH.CARLO BERIO

These measures aimed in the medium term at maintaining the current number of residents in the old village and restoring traditional handicraft and commercial activities


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THE SMALL OLD VILLAGE OF MONTALE IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF VARESE LIGURE

The parish church

The first method is thatone of local communitydistributed hotels. Thistype of accommodationis widespread because itis hard for businesses tobuy properties within oldvillages characterised bythe splitting of realestates. This is whytourism operators havechosen multi-buildingaccommodation withinthe same old village

THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN A CONSISTENT WAY AND PROMOTION OF SMALL OLD VILLAGES SEEM LIKELY BY IMPLEMENTING TWO DIFFERENT METHODS


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The second method which is probablymore suitable for very small old villages inthe area of Varese Ligure, like for exampleMontale, may be a type of companywhich includes owners who cannotmanage their small split properties.According to this solution, the economicoperator, after the basic investment, willallocate the income to each owner-partner who is part of the business basedon his/her respective share

THE SMALL OLD VILLAGE OF MONTALE

THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN A CONSISTENT WAY AND PROMOTION OF SMALL OLD VILLAGES SEEMS LIKELY BY IMPLEMENTING TWO DIFFERENT METHODS


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OUTCOME OF THE POLICY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CARRIED OUT BY THE MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION

Varese Ligure has implemented a model of rural development that combined environment, employment and business. Over the past years, the Municipal administration has obtained the following results:- it has slowed down the decline in population;- it has developed renewable energy;- it has developed organic farming and livestock production; - it has developed sustainable tourism;- according to estimates it has created 140 jobs;- it has increased separate waste collection;- several businesses have obtained ISO certification

VIEW OF THE INTERNAL PART OF BORGOROTONDO


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BLOCK DIAGRAM ON THE FUTURE OUTLOOK FOR VARESE LIGURE


THANK YOU

Giovanni Sergi, Carlo Berio,

[email protected]@studioberio.it

Photo by: Giulia Canton e Giacomo Crovo, Sauro Tamburini, Google maps

SMART AND SUSTAINABLE PLANNING FOR CITIES AND REGIONS 2015Bolzano/Bozen (Italy), 19-20 November 2015

an effective model of sustainable development …. sergi...an effective model of sustainable...

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