x ray

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From:

X-rays:

X-radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation.

These are low frequency and high energy radiations.

Parts: -

1. X-Ray tube.

2. Protective Housing.

3. Operating Console.

4. High Voltage transformer.

5. Collimator.

6. Patient Table.

7. Grid.

8. Bucky.

9. Radiographic film

Divided into:

1. Line compensator.

2. Auto transformer.

3. Current source.

4. Voltage source.

5. Exposure time.

It minimize the variations in power distribution from

the power company to the hospital .

It has only one winding and one core.

The purpose to use the Autotransformer is to

overcome induction losses.

Its value ranges from 0 to 400V.

X-ray console have adjustments labeled major kVp and

minor kVp.

By the combinations of these two, we can get the required

kVp.

The tube current, the number of electrons crossing from

the cathode to anode per second is measured in milli

Amperes (mA).

The filament normally operates at currents between 3 and

5 A.

The high voltage transformer is a step-up transformer ..

The only difference between the primary and secondary

waveforms is the amplitude.

The turn ratio for most x-ray high voltage transformers is

between 500 and 1000.

The Collimator is attached to the x-ray tube below the

glass window where the useful beam is emitted.

Lead shutters are used to restrict the beam.

Its purpose is to minimize field of view, to avoid un

necessary exposure by using lead plates.

It is made up of carbon fibers and it do

not disturb x-rays.

It allow useful radiation from body to film.

It is made up of lead.

It is located just after patient.

It is used to destroy scattered radiation from the body.

The rays which are at 90’ can be passed .

A Bucky is a component of x-ray units that holds the x-

ray film cassette and moves the grid during x-ray

exposure.

The name refers to Dr. Gustave Bucky who invented the

use of filter grids in 1913.

Photographic film is a sheet of transparent plastic film

base coated on one side with a gelatinemulsion containing

microscopically small light-sensitive silver halide crystals

Thank you