satellite motion
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Satellite Motion
Monika V SikandPh.d StudentStevens Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Physics.Light and Life Laboratory. Hoboken.
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OBJECTIVE
• Review laws of motion and gravitation
• Satellite motion• Escape velocity• Geosynchronous
orbit(Telecommunication satellites)
Newton’s laws of motion
I. Law of Inertia
II. F=ma
III. Action-ReactionQuickTime™ and a
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Isaac Newton January 4, 1643 -March31,1727
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What is Gravity?
Gravity is a pulling force
It pulls things down towards the earth
Things fall because of gravity
Things always fall down
Why do people not fall off the earth?
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Newton’s Law of Gravitation
Gravity holds everything and every one on the earth
In Space, Gravity keeps the planets moving around the sun
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Gravity on earth and moon
So how can we understand orbital motion?
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Motion of the ball on earth
Example
Earth’s curvature
Satellite
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Smaller body revolving around a larger body
Natural satellites
Moon, planets, comet
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Artificial satellites
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Weather , spy , communication
Escape velocity
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Artificial satellite in a circular orbit around earth first achieving a speed of 7900m/s.
If speed greater than 7900m/s satellite has a elliptical orbit.
If velocity greater than 11km/s then satellite leaves earth’s orbit and has a escape orbit. The escape orbit’s velocity is called escape velocity.
Figure 7-22Satellite orbits
Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO)
Orbit is synchronous with the earths rotation.
From the ground the satellite appears fixed.
Altitude is about 22,300 miles or 36,000Km.
Coverage to 40% of planet per satellite.
Conclusion
• Newton’s law of gravitation F =Gm1m2/r2
• Satellites are revolving bodies around earth.
• Escape velocity is the maximum velocity required to escape the earth’s orbit.
• Geostationary orbits are synchronized with earth’s rotation at 36000 km of height.
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