American History Unit 11

American History Unit 11The Journey Continues (60s, 70s, 80s, and 90s)1960sLBJFormer U.S. Senator from TexasNew Deal DemocratAssumed the Presidency after JFKs AssasinationElected President in 1964Great SocietyThe term for legislation and programs puished by LBJ urging social reforms

Great Society ProgramsMedicare & Medicaidguaranteed health care to every American over sixty-fiveEducationsixty separate bills that provided for new and better-equipped classrooms, minority scholarships, and low-interest student loans.Included the Higher Education Act of 1965War on Povertyforty programs that were intended to eliminate poverty by improving living conditions and enabling people to lift themselves out of the cycle of poverty.Included the Food Stamp Act of 1964 Head Startprogram for four- and five-year-old children from disadvantaged families that gave them a chance to start school on an even basis with other youngsters.

1960sRichard NixonRepublican PresidentElected in 1968 and 1972Coined the phrase Silent majority in response ot war protestsconservative

1970sKent State Anti-war demonstration on campusOn May 4, 1970 members of the Ohio National Guard fired into a crowd of Kent State University demonstrators, killing four and wounding nine Kent State studentsThe event triggered a nationwide student strike that forced hundreds of colleges and universities to closesymbolize the deep political and social divisions that so sharply divided the country during the Vietnam War era.

1970sWatergateThe Watergate Complex is a group of five buildings that contain offices, apartments and a hotel.In 1972 the Democratic National Committee Headquarters was located on the sixth floor of the Watergate Hotel and Office BuildingThose offices were burglarized, documents were photographed, and telephones were wiretappedWatergate continuedEvidence found on the burglars linked them to NixonNixon tried to cover-up his involvement by refusing to allow Congress to listen to the recordings of his private meetings.The Supreme Court, after U.S. v. Nixon, ordered that Nixon release the tapesIt was discovered that Nixon had used the FBI, CIA, and IRS to bug the offices of political opponents and harass activist groupsWatergate continuedThe evidence made it obvious that Nixon would be impeached by the House and convicted by the SenateAugust 9, 1974 Nixon Resigned the PresidencySpiro T. AgnewRichard Nixons Vice PresidentConvicted of accepting bribes while in previous political officesAgreed to resign as Vice President in 1973Gerald FordFormer House Minority LeaderAppointed Vice President in 1973Became President after Nixons resignation August 9, 1974Only President to not be elected in any waySeptember 8, 1974 Ford Pardoned Nixon

1970sJimmy CarterFormer Democratic Governor of GeorgiaHis 1976 campaign against Gerald Ford promised truth in government (after Watergate)Elected president in 1976He created two new cabinet departments Energy EducationEconomically, stagflation persisted during his presidencyHigh inflation, high unemployment, slow economic growth

1970sIran Hostage Crisis444 days (November 4, 1979, to January 20, 1981)U.S. Embassy in Tehran, IranSixty-six American diplomats and citizens were held hostage by student supporters of the Islamist Iranian RevolutionRetaliation to Carter giving the Shah of Iran asylum in the U.S.

1970sOPECOrganization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries formed in 1960 to keep prices stabile Twelve member countriesIran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, UAE, Algeria, Angola, Libya, Nigeria, Ecuador, and Venezuela. October 1973, OPEC declared an oil embargo in response to the United States' and Western Europe's support of Israelresult was a rise in oil prices from $3 per barrel to $12Gas rationing in the U.S. resulted in lines at the pump.Congress issuing a 55mph limit at the end of 1973OPEC nations discovered that their oil could be used as both a political and economic weapon against other nations1973 oil embargo was a global economic recession. Unemployment rose to the highest percentage on record while inflation also spiked1970sCamp David AccordsPeace meeting between Eqypt and IsraelConducted by Jimmy Carter Signed September 17, 1978Humphrey Hawkins Full Employment Act 1978Legislation aimed at ending stagflation and improving the economySets up modern monetary policyProvided specific goals:Unemployment should not exceed 3 percent for people 20 years or older,inflation should be reduced to 3 percent or less, provided that its reduction would not interfere with the employment goalby 1988, the inflation rate should be zero, again provided that pursuing this goal would not interfere with the employment goal1970sRust BeltTerm used for the once powerful industrial Northeast and Great Lakes manufacturing citiesThey declined in the 1970s and 1980s due to the transfer of manufacturing to other regions and increased use of manufacturing and increased global competition.

1970sThree mile IslandA partial nuclear meltdown in PAMarch 28,1979the worst accident in U.S. commercial nuclear power plant historyStrengthened the arguments of anti-nuclear activistsResulted in increased nuclear regulation1980sConservative revivaluniting of political and economic conservatives of the old right with supporters of the tax-revolt movement and with evangelical Christians of the new right. The channeling of these forces into a new conservative coalition, plus a distrust of government born of a generation of chaos produced Americas turn to the right in 1980 led to Ronald Reagans victory in the presidential election of that year

1980sRonald ReaganActor from 1937-1964Governor of CA 1967-1975Conservative RepublicanSupply-side economics dubbed Reaganomicsadvocated reducing tax rates to spur economic growth, controlling the money supply to reduce inflation, deregulation of the economy, and reducing government spending

1980sSandra Day OConnorAppointed by Ronald Reagan to the Supreme Court in 19811st Female Supreme Court JusticeIran Contra ScandalMembers of the Reagan administration sold weapons to Iran, hoping to get Iran to release more hostagesThey used the money form the arms sale to fund the efforts of revolutionaries in Nicaragua called ContrasReagan was never proven to know about it.

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