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All About Making Beer Bloatarian Brewing League

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Page 1: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

All About Making Beer

Bloatarian Brewing League

Page 2: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Introduction★ Why Beer?★ What is Beer?★ The Ingredients★ The Process★ Homebrewing★ A Brew Day★ Resources

Page 3: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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★ Historically, beer guaranteed a safe supply of drinking water.

★ In modern times, beer is the “great social lubricant.”

★ In recent times, craft beers are brewed and enjoyed for their complexity and variety.

Why Beer?

Page 4: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water.

The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn and rice are used as well.

Fruit, herbs, and spices may also be used for special styles.

In the distant past, the terms "beer" and "ale" meant different things. "Ale" was originally made without using hops, while "beer" did use hops. Since virtually all commercial products now use hops, the term "beer" now encompasses two broad categories: ales and lagers.

The BJCP recognizes over 80 distinct styles of beer. Common examples include Pale Ale, Stout, Pilsener, Bock, Hefeweizen, etc.

What is Beer?

Page 5: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Four main ingredients in all beer

WaterMaltHopsYeast

Ingredients

Page 6: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Mineral content affects brewing chemistry:★ Pilsen – Mineral Free – Crisp Light Pilseners ★ Munich – Carbonates – Dark Lagers★ Dublin – High Carbonates – Stouts★ Burton-on-Trent – Calcium+Carbonates – India Pale Ales

Homebrewing★ GCWW – Excellent brewing water, but need to de-chlorinate★ Well water – Get water analysis★ Bottled water – If all else fails, buy “Drinking Water”

Water(Beer is over 95% water!)

Page 7: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Malt is germinated grain, then kiln dried★Germination creates enzymes★Seedlings use enzymes to convert starch into sugar★Kiln drying halts conversion until brewer uses grain

Malt can be made from:★Barley★Wheat★Rye★Sorghum (gluten-free)

Malt

Page 8: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Different kiln treatments produce types of malts

Base/Pale Malt

Crystal Malt (Caramel Flavor and Color)

Chocolate Malt (Porter and Brown Ale)

Roasted Malt (Stout)

Smoked Malt (Strong Scotch Ale)

Acidulated Malt (Berliner Weisse)

Different Types of Malt

Page 9: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Hops are a flowering bine. The female species produces hop clusters. (A bine climbs with hairs, a vine climbs with tendrils)

Over 70 varieties of hops!

Why put hops in beer?PreservativeBitteringFlavorAroma

Hops(Humulus Lupulus)

Page 10: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn
Page 11: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn
Page 12: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Yeast is a fungusConsumes various types of sugarsProduces alcohol, carbon dioxide, and “other” compounds.

“Other” compounds depends on yeast strainFruity, dark fruits, plum, currant (esters)Banana, clove, pepper (phenols)Sour, horse blanket, barnyard (funk)

Two major classifications of yeastAle Yeast – Top fermenting – Warm Temps (65-75)Lager Yeast – Bottom fermenting – Cool Temps (45-60)

Yeast

Page 13: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Malt (Convert grain to malt)Mash (Convert starch to sugar)Sparge (Rinse sugar from malt)

Boil (Cook and sterilize)Ferment (Convert sugar to alcohol

Package (keg or bottle)Enjoy

The Brewing Process

Page 14: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn
Page 15: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Malts and adjuncts are ground into a grist to expose starch.Water (145-160 degrees) and grist are combined in the mash tun.Enzymes (leftover from germination) are re-activated by the water.After 60-90 minutes all starch has been converted to sugar.Hot water (170 degrees) is filtered through mash (sparging)Sugar water (wort) is drawn off into the boil kettle.

Mashing & Sparging(converting starch to sugar)

Page 16: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn
Page 17: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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The boil kettle is filled with wort from the mash tun.

Boiling kills bacteria and “cooks” the wort adding flavors and aiding chemical reactions.

Hops are added throughout the boil:60-90 minutes – Provides bitterness20-30 minutes – Provides flavor~5 minutes – Provides aroma

After 60-90 minutes, heat is removed and the wort is whirlpooled to allow solids to settle.

Boiling

Page 18: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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The boiled wort is transferred from the kettle through a chiller (65-75 degrees) and into the fermenter.

Yeast is pitched into the fermenter.

The wort is fermented into beer for 1-4 weeks at ~70 degrees for alesat ~55 degrees for lagers

Fermentation

Page 19: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn
Page 20: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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After fermentation, beer is transferred to brite tanks for conditioning or serving.

Lagers are cold conditioned for 6-12 weeks.Light ales are conditioned for 1-3 weeks.Strong ales are conditioned for 3+ months.After conditioning, beer is kegged, bottled, or served

from serving tanks.

Conditioning & Serving

Page 21: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Beer is food, it has a shelf lifeServe beer at the appropriate temperature

Serve beer in an appropriate glassKeep beer out of sunlight (skunked)

Don’t put milk or other acidic beverages (cola) in your beer glass

Care & Enjoyment of Beer

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Kentucky and Ohio: 200 gallons/year for 2 or more adults in household100 gallons/year if only 1 adult in household

Selling Homebrew is NEVER legalSampling of by judges at a competition is legalSampling outside the home or gifting is fuzzyStep 1: Learn from a friend or join a club!

Homebrewing

Page 23: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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All Grain (advanced)Grind grainsMash grains

Sparge grainsBoilChill

Pitch YeastCleanup

(6 hr. brew day)

Extract (beginner)N/AN/AN/ABoilChill

Pitch YeastCleanup

(3 hr. brew day)

All Grain -vs- Extract

Page 24: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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★ Kettle (10 qt min for extract, 8-15 gallon for all grain) ★ Mash tun (all grain ONLY, cooler with false bottom)★ Large spoon★ Hydrometer★ Fermenter with stopper and airlock★ Bottling bucket★ Racking cane and tubing★ Cleanser and Sanitizer★ Bottle capper and bottle filler★ Bottles and bottle caps

Equipment

Page 25: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Everything BEFORE the boil kettle must be clean.Everything AFTER the boil kettle must be clean AND sanitized!

Step 1: Clean thoroughly. Dirt/gunk/goo cannot be sanitized, no matter how long you try.Use unscented dish detergent, Oxi-Clean, B-Brite, or PBW.

Step 2: Mix fresh sanitizer (follow instructions). Use unscented bleach, One-Step, Iodophor, or Star-San.

Step 3: Soak equipment for required length of time (follow instructions).

Step 4: Rinse equipment (ONLY if required by instructions)

Sanitation(the MOST important part)

Page 26: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn
Page 27: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Buy ingredients★For your first brew, keep it

simple and stick with an extract kit

Verify all equipment is clean★A quick wash of equipment day

before brew doesn’t hurt

Pre-Brew Day Routine

Page 28: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Blonde Ale5 gallons

OG 1.051 FG 1.013 IBU 26 60 minute boil

6 lbs extra light LME (Light Malt Extract)0.5 lbs Crystal 10L (10L means 10 Lovibond which is a color)

0.5 oz Northern Brewer @ 9%AA (60 min)0.5 oz Mt. Hood @ 6.5%AA (15 min)

1 tsp Irish Moss (15 min)1 pack Safale US-05 (dry yeast)

Pre-Brew Day Recipe

Page 29: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Steep the specialty grains★Heat 2 gallons of water to 150F★Place Crystal 10L in a muslin bag★Add grain bag to the water★Let sit for 30 minutes, stirring occasionally★Pull bag and let drain completely

DO NOT let water get above 170F!DO NOT squeeze the grain bag!

Brew Day!(specialty grains)

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Boiling the extract★ Bring water to a boil and remove from heat★ Add malt extract to the water★ Stir until well dissolved★ Turn heat back on and bring wort up to a boil

Avoid Boil Over!★ NEVER cover the boil kettle★ Spray foam with cold water to knock down★ Turn down heat when wort is about to boil

Brew Day!(the boil)

Page 31: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn
Page 32: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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The time next to a hop amount is the “time in boil”60 minutes (all of boil) –> bittering15 minutes (last 15 mins) –> flavor5 minutes (last 5 mins) –> aroma

Once boil is achieved add Northern Brewer hops and start 60 minute timer

Add Mt. Hood hops with 15 minutes left on timer

Add 1tsp Irish Moss with 15 minutes left on timer

Hop additions can trigger boil over, watch your pot!

Brew Day!(hops!)

Page 33: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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While wort is boiling…Add ½ cup warm water to sanitized cup

Add yeast and stir with sanitized spoon

Let yeast re-hydrate for duration of the boil

(have a couple packs of dry yeast for backup)

Follow the instructions

Brew Day!(yeast)

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Chilling wort quickly causes proteins to fallout

Chilling wort quickly reduces the risk of contamination

Immediately place pot in sink full of ice water

Occasionally stir wort with sanitized spoon

Chill wort to 70-75 degrees / check using sanitized thermometer

Chilling will take around 10 to 15 minutes

Chilled Wort + Yeast = Beer!

Chilled Wort + Cough/Sneeze/DirtySpoon = YECH!

Brew Day!(let’s chill)

Page 35: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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While wort is chilling…Add sanitizing solution to your fermenter

Close the lid

Shake fermenter to coat with solution

The drying action is what creates a sanitized environment

DO NOT RINSE unless sanitizing product instructs a rinse!

Brew Day!(sanitize)

Page 36: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Dump sanitizer from fermenter

Pour cooled wort into sanitized fermenter

Top off fermenter with water to 5 gallon mark

Pitch yeast into fermenter

Vigorously aerate wort (shake!)

Put airlock on fermenter

Clean ALL your equipment

Toast to your yeast with a beer!

Brew Day!(finishing up)

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Store fermenter in a cool place (60°F to 70°F)

Keep fermenter out of direct light

Lag time – 12 to 24 hours until visible activity

Kraüsen – visibly foamy = active fermentation

Typically 1-3 weeks for complete fermentationCheck with sanitized equipment and hydrometer

Conditioning – yeast cleaning up fermentation by-productsCan transfer the beer to secondary fermenter for further contidioning

Post Brew Day(fermentation)

Page 38: All About Making Beer - WordPress.com · 4 Beer is an alcoholic beverage made from malted grains, hops, yeast, and water. The grain is usually barley or wheat, but sometimes corn

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Sanitize bottling bucket, racking cane, tubing, bottle filler, clean beer bottles, and bottle caps.

Boil 5 oz of corn sugar in 1 cup water for 10 minutes and pour into bottling bucket

Rack beer from fermenter into bottling bucket

Lightly stir to mix priming sugar in with beer

Attach tubing and bottler filler to spigot

Fill and cap each bottle

Clean all equipment

Store beer for at least two weeks to carbonate

RDWHAHB!

Post Brew Day(bottling)

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Recommended Books:

“How to Brew” by John Palmer

“Brewing Classic Styles” by Jamil Zainasheff and John Palmer

“The Complete Joy of Homebrewing” by Charlie Papazian

Resources

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Local Homebrew Supply Stores★ Listermann’s (Norwood) – www.listermann.com

★ Paradise Brewing (East) – www.paradisebrewingsupplies.com

★ Table Top Brewing (West) – www.tabletopbrewing.com

★ Party Source (NKY) – www.thepartysource.com

★ Jungle Jim’s (Fairfield) – www.junglejims.com

Online Homebrew Retailers★ Northern Brewer – www.northernbrewer.com

★ More Beer – www.morebeer.com

★ Midwest Supplies – www.midwestsupplies.com

★ Williams Brewing – www.williamsbrewing.com

Homebrewing Supplies

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Original and Greatest Homebrewing Club in the Greater Cincinnati Area.Homebrewing Great Beer Since 1987!

Meeting Every 3rd Friday of the Month

www.bloatarian.com

Bloatarian Brewing League