akoto osei k, phd helen keller international asia pacific regional office
DESCRIPTION
Monitoring Outcomes of Programs for Vitamin A Deficiency. Akoto Osei K, PhD Helen Keller International Asia Pacific Regional Office. ~250 million children suffer from Vitamin A deficiency (VAD). Source: WHO. 2009 . VAD and Health. Over 250,000 children become blind each year due to VAD. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Akoto Osei K, PhD Helen Keller International Asia Pacific Regional Office](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070423/56816731550346895ddbda51/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Akoto Osei K, PhDHelen Keller InternationalAsia Pacific Regional Office
Monitoring Outcomes of Programs for
Vitamin A Deficiency
![Page 2: Akoto Osei K, PhD Helen Keller International Asia Pacific Regional Office](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070423/56816731550346895ddbda51/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Source: WHO. 2009 .
~250 million children suffer from Vitamin A deficiency (VAD)
![Page 3: Akoto Osei K, PhD Helen Keller International Asia Pacific Regional Office](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070423/56816731550346895ddbda51/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
VAD and Health
Over 250,000 children become blind each year due to VAD
VAD increases risk of morbidity and mortality
![Page 4: Akoto Osei K, PhD Helen Keller International Asia Pacific Regional Office](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070423/56816731550346895ddbda51/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Strategies to address VADVitamin A supplementation
• Twice yearly for children 6-59 months of age (currently in ~80 countries)
Dietary diversification• Promoting production and
consumption of diversified foods
• Optimal breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices
![Page 5: Akoto Osei K, PhD Helen Keller International Asia Pacific Regional Office](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070423/56816731550346895ddbda51/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Strategies to address VADHome fortification (Micronutrient powders, etc.)
Large scale food fortification
(VA + oil, flour, sugar, etc.)
Biofortification
Crops with high beta carotene (Orange Flesh Sweet Potato)
![Page 6: Akoto Osei K, PhD Helen Keller International Asia Pacific Regional Office](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070423/56816731550346895ddbda51/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Monitoring outcomes of vitamin A programs
Data to inform whether our activities where
implemented successfully
Data to inform if we have reached our
objectives
![Page 7: Akoto Osei K, PhD Helen Keller International Asia Pacific Regional Office](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070423/56816731550346895ddbda51/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
•Lack of field friendly indicators for assessing impact of these programs on vitamin A status•How to estimate the relative contribution of the multiple vitamin A interventions to vitamin A intake and status •Limited information on coverage of most VAD programs•Limited information on underserved populations•Inadequate use of the monitoring data to improve program implementation•Limited funding for monitoring VAD programs
Challenges with monitoring outcomes of Vitamin A programs
![Page 8: Akoto Osei K, PhD Helen Keller International Asia Pacific Regional Office](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070423/56816731550346895ddbda51/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
For how long should universal vitamin A supplementation programs continue, especially in
countries with high coverage of this program?
Coverage of vitamin A supplementation programs: ~ 72% globally; and >80% in resource poor countries
Decisions about VAD programs – the need for more data
Palmer et al, Public Health Nutr., 2012
![Page 9: Akoto Osei K, PhD Helen Keller International Asia Pacific Regional Office](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070423/56816731550346895ddbda51/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Declining under 5 mortality rate; yet ~8 million child deaths per year
![Page 10: Akoto Osei K, PhD Helen Keller International Asia Pacific Regional Office](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070423/56816731550346895ddbda51/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Palmer et al, Public Health Nutr. 2012; 9:1-15• Shift from vitamin A supplementation programs for
children should be made only when there is sufficient and stable evidence that VAD has reduced, and risk of vitamin A deficiency is minimal. – Consecutive surveys shows low prevalence of VAD (<
5%, based on serum retinol) – Data shows dietary vitamin A intake has improved– High coverage is achieved for vitamin A programs
• Twice yearly vitamin A supplementation of children 6-59 months should continue
![Page 11: Akoto Osei K, PhD Helen Keller International Asia Pacific Regional Office](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070423/56816731550346895ddbda51/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Implications for monitoring VAD programs• Continuous monitoring and evaluation of VAD
programs is needed to guide decisions on how to improve and when to scale back programs.
• More information is needed on: – Coverage of programs to address VAD– Vitamin A intake and status, including the relative
contribution from different sources (fortified and non-fortified foods and supplements)
![Page 12: Akoto Osei K, PhD Helen Keller International Asia Pacific Regional Office](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070423/56816731550346895ddbda51/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Thank You