agriculture agriculture of the of the industrial industrial revolutionrevolution

New Crops And Technologies

o People started to farm in more efficient ways such as inventions and making land more useful

o The farmers’ new breeds of animals grew hardier with thicker wool, more meat and less diseases

o The new animals were more expensive and at the beginning in short supply, which eventually made the farmers broke

o As the landowners committed to raising food, they started to invest money into technology to make their farming easier

o Jethro Tull helped make agriculture more profitable by finding out the way soil helped plants grow

o Lord Townsen made the seed drill which was pulled by horses and made it easier to plant seeds

Inventions• Seed Drill• Spinning

Jenny• Flying Shuttle• Steam

Machine• New Roads• The Rocket

Seed Drill

The Seed Drill was invented by Jethro Tull

The Seed Drill was pulled by horses

Placed seeds in neat rows faster and with less waste

Planting in rows made gardening and weeding so much easier

The Seed Drill made it possible to farm with fewer people, which lowered farmers costs

Spinning Jennyo In 1764 James Hargreaves built the Spinning Jenny

(Jenny being his wife)o The device aloud one spinner to spin off a number

of threads at a timeo Hargreaves at the beginning tried to keep his

invention a secret, but soon made his own spinning shop and became very wealthy

o The spinning yarn was so great that eventually Jennies were all over England

Flying ShuttleThe Flying Shuttle was one of

the first important inventions It was invented by John Kay in

1733The Flying Shuttle allowed

weaving to be done a lot faster and large amounts to be done by one person

But it used yarn faster than it could be supplied which made a supplement problem

Steam Machine

Thomas Newcomen invented a machine that compressed steam, the invention did not work very well at all.

After Thomas’ fail, James Watt figured out a better way to work this machine which was more practical and efficient

New Roads• James Macadam built roads that

would never become muddy• These roads were made of the layers

of graded stone largest to smallest• These roads were a vast

improvement on the earlier roads• Today’s roads in B.C. are Macadam

roads

The rocket

• In 1829 George and Robert Stephenson built the rocket, a locomotive

• The rocket could pull a small train and 39 km per hr• This was the fastest traveling invention by human• By the end of the century countries all over the world had

railways

women omen• Women worked in the cottage as a part of the family• Worked in home based businesses• Husbands and wives were cooperative• Unmarried and elderly women could support themselves in

“family business”• As the home based business died out, the women had very

little choices, slavery and farm working• When women had to go work in factories, there were so

many available that the owners could pay them very poorly• But some women had more independence because of cash

payment

The poor

• Crime and disease was very common• Often whole families lived in one room• The poor law that was supposed to help the

needy, did not work well at all• Couldn’t find thousands work• Large families would often have no help, while

one person with a good story could get a lot of help