agbu overview of higher education governance

© 2014 ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNING BOARDS OF UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES 1133 20TH STREET, N.W., SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, D.C. 20036 | WWW.AGB.ORG

OVERVIEW OF HIGHER EDUCATION GOVERNANCE


TYPES OF INSTITUTIONS

2

2


PUBLIC VS. INDEPENDENT

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ENROLLMENT

8,047,729(

3,887,322(

1,559,080(

7,062,467(

39,864( 397,651(0(

1,000,000(

2,000,000(

3,000,000(

4,000,000(

5,000,000(

6,000,000(

7,000,000(

8,000,000(

9,000,000(

Public( Private(nonprofit( Private(for=profit(

4=year(

2=year(

4


FUNDING AND REGULATION ! The federal government provides funding to

higher education but has little control (for now).

! Educational standards are voluntary, but occasionally regulated through NGOs.

! For public universities and colleges, states have the most influence regarding policy, oversight, and funding.

! Revenue streams are diversified.

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5


HIGHER EDUCATION GOVERNING BODIES ! Boards of Trustees/Regents ! University Councils ! Faculty Senates ! University Assemblies ! Administrative Councils

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WHAT EFFECTIVE U.S. GOVERNING BOARDS DO 1.  Ensure the mission is

current (and aligned w/public purposes)

2.  Select the president 3.  Work with and assess the

president 4.  Approve the strategic plan

and monitor progress 5.  Ensure fiscal integrity and

support the college 6.  Ensure academic quality

and integrity

7.  Protect and preserve academic freedom and institutional autonomy

8.  Ensure policies are current and implemented

9.  Appropriately engage relevant constituencies

10. Act in a transparent, ethical manner and assess own performance

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PRINCIPLES OF U.S. BOARD WORK

! Authority lies in the corporate body. ! Presidents and boards have both independent and

shared responsibilities. ! There should be clear lines of responsibility and

communication. ! There should be shared commitment with

administrators and faculty for the good of the institution.

! Board operates in a culture of cohesiveness, candor and transparency

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8


AVERAGE BOARD SIZE

12#

29#

0#

5#

10#

15#

20#

25#

30#

35#

Public# Privates#

9

9


GENDER OF BOARD MEMBERS

10

70%

30%

Private Institutions

Male Female

72%

28%

Public Institutions

Male Female


RACE AND ETHNICITY OF BOARD MEMBERS

11

7% 2% 2%

88%

0.40% 0.70%

Independent Institutions

African American

Hispanic

Asian and Pacific Islander White

American Indian and Alaska Native Other Races


RACE AND ETHNICITY OF BOARD MEMBERS

12

16%

4% 2%

74%

0.70%

0.40%

3%

Public Institutions

African American

Hispanic

Asian and Pacific Islander White

American Indian and Alaskan Native Other Races

Ethnicity Unknown


AGE OF BOARD MEMBERS

13

17%

83%


Under 50

50 and Older

19%

81%

Public Institutions

Under 50

50 and Oder

69% of trustees are 50-69 years old at both private and public institutions


MOST COMMON BOARD COMMITTEES

14

95%

89%

84%

82%

79%

65%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Finance

Development

Governance

Executive

Academic Affairs

Audit


Private institutions have an average of 8 standing committees.


MOST COMMON BOARD COMMITTEES

15

89%

55%

52%

43%

40%

35%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Finance

Audit

Academic Affairs

Executive

Education

Facilities

Public Institutions

Public boards have an average of 5 standing committees


AVERAGE NUMBER OF TRUSTEES EMERITI BY INSTITUTION TYPE

16

2

13

9

21

4

0

5

10

15

20

25


Average number of private trustees emeriti is 10. The average number of trustees emeriti at public institutions is 6, although most do not have emeriti members.


PERCENTAGE OF INSTITUTIONS THAT OFFER TRUSTEES EMERITI STATUS AFTER THEIR RETIREMENT FROM THE BOARD

17

22%

44%

8% 14% 12%

66%

18%

1% 3%

13%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Do Not Offer to Anyone

Offer to a Few

Offer to Half

Offer to Most

Offer to All

Private Institutions Public Institutions

The average number of trustees emeriti at public institutions is 6, although most do not have emeriti members.


MEMBERSHIP: WHO SERVES

! Members of the Community ! Faculty ! Administrators ! Government Officials ! Owners/Shareholders (for-profit institutions

only)

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53%$

24%$

23%$

Presidents)on)the)the)Boards)of)Private)Ins1tu1ons)

Boards$with$Presidents$as$Vo5ng$Members$

Boards$with$Presidents$as$Non;Vo5ng$Members$

Boards$without$Presidents$as$Members$

19

19


9%#

13%#

78%#

Students(on(the(Boards(of(Private(Ins3tu3ons(

Boards#with#Students#as#Vo7ng#Members#

Boards#with#Students#as#Non=Vo7ng#Members#

Boards#without#Students#as#Members#

20

20


15%$

14%$

71%$

Faculty(on(the(Boards(of(Private(Ins6tu6ons(

Boards$with$Faculty$as$Vo7ng$Members$

Boards$with$Faculty$as$Non?Vo7ng$Members$

Boards$without$Faculty$as$Members$

21

21


20%$

15%$

65%$

Staff%Members%on%the%Boards%of%Private%Ins6tu6ons%

Boards$with$Staff$Members$as$Vo9ng$Members$

Boards$with$Staff$Members$as$Non=Vo9ng$Members$

Boards$without$Staff$Members$as$Members$

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22


6%

21%

73%

Presidents on the Boards of Public Institutions

Boards with Presidents as Voting Members Boards with Presidents as Non-Voting Members Boards without Presidents as Members

23

23


50%

28%

22%

Students on the Boards of Public Institutions

Boards with Students as Voting Members Boards with Students as Non-Voting Members Boards without Students as Members

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24


13%

10%

77%

Faculty on the Boards of Public Institutions

Boards with Faculty as Voting Members Boards with Faculty as Non-Voting Members Boards without Faculty as Members

25

25


7% 4%

89%

Staff Members on the Boards of Public Institutions

Boards with Staff Members as Voting Members Boards with Staff Members as Non-Voting Members Boards without Staff Members as Members

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26


EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF BOARD MEMBERS

81%

19%

82%

18%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Part of the Workforce Retired

Public Institutions Private Institutions

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PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BOARD MEMBER EMPLOYMENT BACKGROUNDS

49%

24%

16%

9%

2%

53%

22%

13% 11%

1%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Public Institutions Private Institutions

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SOURCES OF SELECTION OF BOARD MEMBERS OF PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS

60%$17%$

3%$5%$ 15%$

Gov$w/Legis$confirm$

Gov$$

Legisla:ve$appt$

Elec:on$

Other$$

At$private$ins:tu:ons,$each$ins:tu:on$has$discre:on$over$its$own$appointment$process.$

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AVERAGE TERM OF SERVICE

Privates ! Length of Terms: 4

years ! Term Limits: 64% ! Number of terms

consecutive: 3

Publics ! Length of Terms: 6

years ! Term Limits: 48% ! Number of terms

consecutive: 2

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CHAIR OF THE BOARD

Who ! CEO of institution ! Member of state

government ! Unaffiliated person

Appointment ! Part of job ! Government role ! Internal

appointment ! External

government appointment

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BOARD CHAIRS

! Private Board Chairs: 70% elected by full board

! Public Board Chairs: 91% elected by full board

! Board Chair Length of Service: 79% set limits (91% at 2 years)

! Chair term limits: 50% ! Number of terms consecutive: 3

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FREQUENCY OF MEETINGS

! Weekly/bi-weekly ! Monthly/Bi-monthly ! 3-4 times per annum ! Annually/bi-annually

33


AVERAGE NUMBER OF BOARD MEETINGS PER YEAR

7"

4"

Mee&ngs"

Publics" Privates"

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agbu overview of higher education governance

Education

th street

public universities

boards of trusteesregents

board work

average board size

public institutions19

aligned w public purposes

academic affairs79