after every accident questions to be answered
TRANSCRIPT
After every accidentAfter every accident
QUESTIONS QUESTIONS
TO BE TO BE ANSWEREDANSWERED
WHO? WHAT? WHY? WHEN? WHERE? HOW?
WHO? WHAT? WHY? WHEN? WHERE? HOW?
Who could be injured?Who controls that particular work
environment?Who can render first aid or medical
treatment?
W H O
What is the past accident history of the area? What is the exact nature of previous injuries? What do the employees routinely do? What operations are performed? What hazardous/nonhazardous materials are used? What safe-work procedures have been provided?
W H A T
What personal protective equipment are used? What PPE is required? What elements can contribute to an accident? What machine guards are available but not used? What negative environmental conditions exist? What related safety procedures need revision? What shifts do the employee’s work? What ergonomic factors are involved?
W H A T
When do accidents historically occur? When do employee start his/her shifts? When was job-specific training received? When (how often) do supervisors visit the job?
W H E N
Why do the accidents occur? Why do employee’s do what they do? Why do co-workers do what they do?Why are the specific tool/equipment
selected?
W H Y
Where do accident’s occur? Where are employee’s positioned? Where is the supervisor stationed? Where is first aid stationed?
W H E R E
How do accidents occur? How many employee’s work in specific areas? How do employee’s get injured (specifically)? How can the injuries be avoided? How can witnesses help better?
H O W
HOW CAN THE COMPANY
IMPROVE SAFETY ?
RISK
MANAGEMENT
RISK
MANAGEMENTAnswer is :- by adopting
Risk Management
9th Conference on Safety in minesNew Delhi 2nd & 3rd Feb. 2000.
DGMS (Tech) (S&T) Circular No.13 of 2002Dt 31.12.2002
Risk Management study
Recommended by :-
Why Risk Managementis Needed ?
1. Accident in Indian Mines are not in reducing trend since a long period ( Say last 20 Yrs approx.)
2. Statutory provisions can never be fully comprehensive, appropriate and site specific.
3. Process of Legislation Making, is often slow, these often trail behind the technological innovations.
4. To make, the statutory provisions, ‘Flexible’ by switching over from the regime of ‘Prescriptive Regulation ’ to ‘Self Regulatory’ or ‘Goal Setting Legislation’.
Risk Management
is the process
to eliminate / reduce
HazardsHazards
that may take place
to an
acceptable / desired level.
Risk Management
• Hazard : Source of potential harm, injury or loss.
• Risk : Combination of the likelihood of a specific unwanted event and the potential consequences if it should occur.
Hazard
A live tiger is always a hazard.A live tiger has the potential to
cause you harm and is, therefore, always a hazard.
RISK
• Tiger is always a hazard• Loose tiger is a risk• Risk is measured in
terms of Chance & Effect
Severity (Consequence)
Likelihood ( Chance )
Is it possible for all ?
Risk
The Chance of something happening that will an impact on objectives.
It is measured in consequences and likelihood.
Consequence
Exposure
Probability
Risk X= X
Consequence
It is the outcome of an event or situation. In terms of health and safety, it is the degree of harm that could be caused to people exposed to the hazards
Consequence
Exposure
Probability
Risk X= X
Several dead 5
One dead 1
Significant chance of fatality 0.3
One permanent Disability / Less chance of fatality
0.1
Many Lost time injuries 0.01
One lost time injury 0.001
Small Injury 0.0001
Scale for consequence
Consequence
Exposure
Probability
Risk XX== XX
Exposure consists of two factors :1. How often people are exposed to the hazards.2. How long are they exposed to the hazards.
Continuous 10
Frequent (Daily) 5
Seldom (Weekly) 3
Unusual (Monthly)
2.5
Occasional (Yearly)
2
Once in 5 yrs 1.5
Once in 10 yrs. 0.5
Once in 100 yrs. 0.02
Scale for Exposure
Exposure
Consequence
Exposure
Probability
Risk XX== XX
Probability This is the chance that any person will be harmed when they are exposed.
May well be expected
10.0
Quite possible 7.0
Unusual but possible 3.0
Only remotely possible
2.0
Conceivable but unlikely
1.0
Practically impossible
0.5
Virtually impossible 0.1
Scale for Probability
Consequence
Exposure
Probability
Risk XX== XX
RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS
Assablance of persons who are
oftenly exposed to risk
Identification of Probable Risk /
Hazards
Evaluation of Risks
Ranking of Risks
Preparation of Risk Management
Plan
Implementation of Risk Management
Plan
Partially Implemented
Fully Implemented
Continuous Process
RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS
Know current and historical internal environment.
Know current and historical external environment.
Understand dependencies and vulnerabilities.
Understand threat profiles.
Understand countermeasure choices and related costs.
Be able to apply cost-benefit analysis to risks and countermeasures.
RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS
On the basis of
A. Past accident statistics.B. Past incidences. C. Work Process Evaluation D. Consultation with employees who may have
experience in the job.E. Off-site specialist with experience at other
mine-sites.
Identification of Hazards
On the basis of
A. Past accident statistics.B. Past incidences. C. Work Process Evaluation D. Consultation with employees who may have
experience in the job.E. Off-site specialist with experience at other
mine-sites.
Identification of Hazards
On the basis of
A. Past accident statistics.B. Past incidences. C. Work Process Evaluation D. Consultation with employees who may have
experience in the job.E. Off-site specialist with experience at other
mine-sites.
Identification of Hazards
On the basis of
A. Past accident statistics.B. Past incidences. C. Work Process Evaluation D. Consultation with employees who may have
experience in the job.E. Off-site specialist with experience at other
mine-sites.
Identification of Hazards
On the basis of
A. Past accident statistics.B. Past incidences. C. Work Process Evaluation D. Consultation with employees who may have
experience in the job.E. Off-site specialist with experience at other
mine-sites.
Identification of Hazards
Improper Height & Width of Benches
Haul Road Slope Stability of Overburden Moving Machinery Inadequate Illumination Working over developed Pillars Electricity Respirable Dust & Noise Unauthorized Entry to Mine
Working
Improper Traveling Roadway Slippery Roadway Material Handling Indiscipline / Sabotage / Security Electrical Storms Blasting & Use of Explosives Fall from height Inadequate supply of spare parts
Improper Strata Control Inundation Spontaneous combustion Inflammable Gas & Coal Dust Explosion Poor supervision Shortage of skilled persons /
deployment of unskilled persons Poor quality of supplied material Improper surveying
Hazard Identification for UG Mines
Inadequate communication system Explosive / blasting Haulage Machinery Use of un-calibrated instrument Ventilation not to plan Lack of awareness Inadequate supply of spare parts Geological disturbances
Hazard Identification for UG Mines
Risk Assessment An Example
Identified Hazards of a u/g Mine
1) Improper Strata Control 2) Fall of persons3) Machinery4) Material Supply5) Geological Disturbances6) Inundation7) Explosive and Blasting8) Haulage9) Poor Supervision10)Sealed Off Panel11)Other fires.
Identifying Mechanism contributing Principal Hazards are as follows :
No
Major Hazards MechanismCons. Prob. Expo. Risk
1 Improper Strata Control
Failure to identify Bad Roof 0.1 3 1.5 0.45
Improper Dressing 0.3 7 5 10.5
Improper Supervision 0.01 3 2 0.06
Poor workmanship 0.01 2 2 0.04
Inadequate Support Design 0.01 1 2 0.02
Poor Quality of Support Material
0.01 1 1.5 0.01
2 Fall of Persons Fall in Same Level 0.1 3 7 2.1
3 Machinery Temporary Cable Joints 0.3 2 2 1.2
Maintenance Schedule Not Followed
0.001 0.5 1.5 0.001
Marching of SDLs 0.1 2 2 0.4
Unskilled Operators 0.3 1 1.5 0.45
Moving Parts of Machines 0.1 2 2.5 0.5
4 Material Supply
Extremity caught between two objects
0.01 3 2 0.06
5 Explosive and Blasting
Not taking proper shelter 0.01 2 1.5 0.03
Risk Assessment
No Major Hazards Mechanism Cons. Prob. Expo. Risk
6 Haulage Safety device not adequate 0.01 1 1.5 0.02
Safety devices provided but not Used
0.01 1 1.5 0.02
7 Geological Disturbances
Presence of fault plane and slip planes
0.1 1 0.5 0.05
8 Inundation Inrush of water through subsidence and cracks
0.01 2 2 0.04
9 Poor Supervision Negligence / lack of Commitment
0.001 2 2 0.004
Not having proper knowledge of recent technology
0.0001 2 1.5 0.006
Inadequate Training 0.0001 2 1.5 0.006
10 Sealed Off Panels Improper Management of Subsidence Area
0.001 3 2 0.006
Poor Construction / Maintenance of Stopping
0.001 2 1.5 0.003
Improper Supervision 0.001 1 3 0.003
Improper Sampling and analysis procedure
0.001 1 2 0.002
11 Other Fires Conveyor Fire 0.001 2 1.5 0.003
Electrical Fire 0.001 1 0.5 0.001
Identifying Mechanism contributing Principal Hazards are as follows :Risk Assessment
Risk Ranking Head Mechanism Risk Rating
Improper Strata Control Improper Dressing 10.5 1
Fall of Persons Fall in Same Level 2.1 2
Machinery Temporary Cable Joints 1.2 3
Machinery Moving Parts of Machines 0.5 4
Improper Strata Control Failure to identify Bad Roof 0.45 5
Machinery Unskilled Operators 0.45 5
Machinery Marching of SDLs 0.4 6
Improper Strata Control Improper Supervision 0.06 7
HaulageExtremity caught between two objects
0.06 7
Geological DisturbancesPresence of fault plane and slip planes
0.05 8
Improper Strata Control Poor workmanship 0.04 9
InundationInrush of water through subsidence and cracks
0.04 9
Explosive and Blasting Not taking proper shelter 0.03 10
Risk Management
Plan
Control Measures Suggested by Risk Management Team
Mechanism Rating Control MeasuresImproper Dressing
1 i. Inspection and dressing of blasting zone before and after every round of blasting – Shri Md Ishaque Mining Sirdar
ii. Authorisation and experienced dressers to be deployed.-Shri Jagannath, Dresser
iii. Intensified training of work to dresser at work site by Safety Officer – Shri A.K.Nandi SAM
iv. Proper tools to be used by dresser – Shri Bharat Timber / hel.v. Eliminate excessive dressing work by maintaining proper blasting
pattern – Shri Rooplal Expl.Carriervi. Special courses to be conducted at small intervals for dresser -
Shri R.K.Tripathi,Safety Officer
Fall of persons in Same Level
2 i. Ensure obstruction free roadways – Shri S.Kale , Vent.Officer.ii. Cleaning of Roadways- Shri Bhimrao, Chain Opr.iii. Drainage in Traveling Roadway- Shri S.Pawar Foreman (E)iv. Step Making at Gradient – Shri R.B.Ram Sr.O/M
Temporary Cable Joints
3 i. Spare Cables made Available – Shri Puran Pradhan,SDL Opr ii. Don’t use temp.joint Cable – Shri L.N.Bhayare, Colliery Engg.iii. Training of Operators and Cable men – Shri Vinod Kumar E/Fitteriv. Effective Joint Cable to be ensured – Shri S.Pawar Foreman (E)v. Proper Cable Handling with Protective equipments. Shri Chhattan,
Driller
Top Three identified hazards selected on the basis of Risk Ranking for Formulating Risk Management Plan initially.
Role & Responsibility for each cadre has been fixed for implementation of Risk Management Plan up to Grass root Level and it is decided after 2 months this will be reviewed.
Mechanism
Control Measures Responsibility
Improper Dressing
i. Inspection and dressing of blasting zone before and after every round of blasting – Shri Md Ishaque Mining Sirdar
ii. Authorisation and experienced dressers to be deployed.- Shri Jagannath, Dresser
iii. Intensifeid training of workk to dresser at work site by Safety Officer – Shri A.K.Nandi SAM
iv. Proper tools to be used by dresser – Shri Bharat Timber / hel.
v. Eleminate excessive dressing work be maintaining proper blasting pattern – Shri Rooplal Expl.Carrier
vi. Special courses to be conducted as small intervals for dresser – Shri R.K.Tripathi,Safety Officer
Concerned Dresser Mining Sidar Overman Safety Officer Manager VTO
Fall of persons in Same Level
i. Ensure obstruction free roadways – Shri S.Kale , Vent.Officer.
ii. Cleaning of Roadways- Shri Bhimrao, Chain Opr.iii. Drainage in Traveling Roadway- Shri S.Pawar Foreman
(E)iv. Step Making at Gradient – Shri R.B.Ram Sr.O/M
Distt Overman Safety Officer
Temporary Cable Joints
i. Spare Cables made Available – Shri Puran Pradhan,SDL Opr
ii. Don’t use temp.joint Cable – Shri L.N.Bhayare, Colliery Engg.
iii. Training of Operators and Cablemen – Shri Vinod Kumar E/Fitter
iv. Effective Joint Cable to be ensured – Shri S.Pawar Foreman (E)
v. Proper Cable Handling with Protective equipments. Shri Chhattan, Driller
Colliery Engineer Electrical Foreman
Implementation of Risk Management Plan
Review of Implementation of Risk Management Plan
After the review it has been observed that risk is considerably reduced
S.N
Hazards
Before Implementation of Risk Management Plan
After Implementation of Risk Management Plan
Cons. Prob. Expo.Risk
ScoreCons. Prob. Expo.
Risk Score
1.Improper Dressing
0.3 7 5 10.5 0.1 7 5 3.5
2.Fall of Person
0.1 3 7 2.1 0.1 2 5 1.0
3.Temporary Cable Joint
2 2 2 1.2 0.3 1 1.5 0.45
Instruct employee in proper behaviors. Warn employee of potential hazards. Supply appropriate safeguards. Supply appropriate PPE. Eliminate known unsafe conditions. Repair or modify known unsafe conditions. Implement procedural changes.
WHAT'S NEXT
AFTER RISK ANALYSIS ?
Saf
ety
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Nitin Saxena