aeronautics visions and opportunities: a dod perspective

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Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective Paul F. Piscopo Paul F. Piscopo Staff Specialist for Aircraft Systems Staff Specialist for Aircraft Systems Office of Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (S&T) Office of Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (S&T)

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Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective. Paul F. Piscopo Staff Specialist for Aircraft Systems Office of Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (S&T). AERONAUTICS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY The DoD Environment Is Changing (1999-2001). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities:

A DoD Perspective

Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities:

A DoD Perspective

Paul F. PiscopoPaul F. PiscopoStaff Specialist for Aircraft SystemsStaff Specialist for Aircraft Systems

Office of Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (S&T)Office of Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (S&T)

Page 2: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

AERONAUTICS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYAERONAUTICS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY The DoD Environment Is Changing (1999-2001)The DoD Environment Is Changing (1999-2001)

• New and significant forces are impacting the DoD aeronautics S&T program Service Readiness and Modernization are driving S&T budgets (and priorities) Army Transformation/Future Naval Capabilities (FNCs)/Air Force Migration-to-Space The role and importance of aircraft in the Joint Warfighting Objectives and Plans are not always

recognized or clearly visible (platform vs payload capability issue) Reductions in DoD/NASA aeronautics investments driving increased dependency/partnering

• Budgetary instabilities have produced significant programmatic turmoil Re-scoped/re-structured the Fixed Wing Vehicle Program (lost 25% of AF workforce ) Turbine Engine (IHPTET) Program delayed 8 years with FY00 submittal (restored by OSD) Hypersonic propulsion technology eliminated with FY00 submittal (restored by OSD) Major reductions in Aircraft Power investments after FY03 (new focus is on weapons/space power)

• … And misconceptions still abound Perception that there is little system-level capability left to be gained by advancement in aircraft

and engine technologies--we’re operating in the margins Services have historically funded this technology, and will continue to do so -- low priority Industry will pick up the funding “slack” because of strong commercial relevance

Page 3: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

Joint Vision 2010 Relies on Advancing Technology and Operational Warfighting Concepts

01/29/98 1600

The Lenses of Technological Innovation and Information Superiority Integrates and Amplifies Four New Operational Concepts

Page 4: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

RESPONSIVE

DEPLOYABLE

AGILE

VERSATILE

LETHAL

SURVIVABLE

SUSTAINABLE

The FutureForce

Full -Spectrum

Dominance

ForceTransformation

Aeromechanics

FlightControls

Structures

Advanced Concepts

Mission SysIntegration

Human SystemsIntegration

Propulsion andPower Systems

Diagnostics/Prognostics

AERONAUTICS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYAERONAUTICS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYObjective: Objective: Affordable, Full-Spectrum DominanceAffordable, Full-Spectrum Dominance

Page 5: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

0

2000

4000

6000

8000 The Army Aviation Modernization StrategyThe Army Aviation Modernization Strategy……looking for fewer, more capable systemslooking for fewer, more capable systems

The Army Aviation Modernization StrategyThe Army Aviation Modernization Strategy……looking for fewer, more capable systemslooking for fewer, more capable systems

FY87 FY92 FY97 FY02 FY07 FY12 FY17 FY22 FY27

8748

4197

Air

craf

t Q

uan

tity

Fiscal Year

FUTUREUTILITY

FUTURESCT/ATK

RAH-66

AH-64D

AH-64A

UH-60 MOD

UH-60Q

UH-60A/L

LUH

ICH CH-47D

OH-58D

UH-1

OH-58C

AH-1

UH-1M

OH-6

AERONAUTICS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYAERONAUTICS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYFleet Inventories Are Projected To DiminishFleet Inventories Are Projected To Diminish

Page 6: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

Rationale For Aeronautics S&T InvestmentsRationale For Aeronautics S&T Investments

• Aeronautics technologies have a strong US military relevance ~1/3 of the DoD budget (~$100B/Yr) is related to aircraft system acquisition, operations, and support Aircraft will continue to play a vital role in joint warfighting capabilities in the foreseeable future

• Our technology pursuits are aggressive and achievable Reduce aircraft maintenance cost/flight hour 10% (legacy) & flyaway cost 70% (UAV) by 2007 Reduce rotorcraft weight empty/hover-out-of-ground-effect weight 22% by 2010 Increase gas turbine engine performance by 100%/reduce fuel consumption 40% by 2005 Increase electrical system reliability 20X by 2005 Demonstrate Mach 8 scramjet capability by 2002

• The potential system-level payoffs are significant Increase aircraft mission range/payload by 100+% Increase aircraft operational readiness by 10+% Increase aircraft mobility/reduce logistics footprint Reduce missile reaction time by 25+% Reduced aircraft ownership costs by 35%

• Numerous opportunities exist for potential technology transition Legacy System Sustainment: F-14, F-15, F-16, C-5, C-141, B-1, B-2, AH-64/UH-60 Emerging System Development: F-22, F-18E/F, C-17, V-22, RAH-66 (Comanche) New System Development: JSF, FTR, UCAV’s, Hypersonic Missile, Sensorcraft New Aerospace Concepts and Capabilities: Space Operations Vehicles, Future Strike Aircraft

Page 7: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

ROTARY WING VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIESROTARY WING VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIESUtility/Attack/CargoUtility/Attack/Cargo

FTR OptionsFTR Options

Range: 1000-2000Km

Payload: 20 Ton

Speed: 175-250kt

Deployability: 2100 Nm

Legacy/Development SystemsLegacy/Development Systems New System DevelopmentNew System Development

Page 8: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

..

CH-53E

Cruise Speed (Knots)

USTOL-IT

410Cruise Speed (Knots) 305

C-130H

214nm 258nmRadius (Unrefueled)1 Hr Cruise Dist. (km)

2750nmRadius (Unrefueled) 1900nm 6.7 hrsOutbound Cruise Time 6.2 hrs

High Altitude Cruise Comparison

On-The-Deck Cruise Comparison

V-22 USTOL-IT

1020nm

132 364275

674509244

..

Diego Garcia

Guam

.Florida. KhartoumSudan

KabulAfghanistan.

USTOL-IT

C-130H

USTOL-IT

C-130H

USTOL-IT

USTOL-IT

. .Riyadh

Baghdad.Sarajevo.

.Okinawa

V-22V-22 V-22

USTOL-IT

(~10,000 lbs Payload)(20,000 lbs Payload)

FIXED WING VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIESFIXED WING VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIES Ultra Short Takeoff & Landing Intra-theater TransportUltra Short Takeoff & Landing Intra-theater Transport

Page 9: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

FIXED WING VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIESFIXED WING VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIESSubsonic Global Reach TransportSubsonic Global Reach Transport

Florida

San. Fran

Alaska

Maine

BaghdadIraq

SeoulKorea

Total World CoverageFrom Continental USA

Propulsion Factor•Ultra Fuel Efficient Subsonic Cruise

– 30% Improvement•Autonomous, Intelligent Engine

– Self Diagnostic for Durability– Prognostic Maintenance for Field Operations– Active Control for Stability

•Affordable– Joint Commercial Core– Common Development/Production– Minimum Logistics Tail Required– Zero Maintenance Core

•Turbine Engine Long Range Plan Under Development– Versatile, advanced, Affordable Turbo Engines (VAATE)

•Engine Manufacturer Studies Underway With GE, P&WA, & Allison To Assess Viability Of Common Versatile Military/Commercial Core

Common Military/Commercial Product

Versatile Core

Page 10: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

FIXED WING VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIESFIXED WING VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIESSupersonic VTOL FighterSupersonic VTOL Fighter

F-15A370nm

0.842 min

VTOL Fighter515nm

2.229 min

Radius (Unrefueled)Cruise Mach

Reaction Time

Long Range, Supersonic Multi-Role Fighter

*

*Air Combat Mission

Page 11: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

Cruise Mach

VMCA

3.0Cruise Mach 0.72

F-111

3250nmRange (Unrefueled)

Cruise Time *3126nmRadius (Unrefueled) 681nm 2.3 hrsCruise Time * 9.0 hrs

SR-71

SR-71

..

.

Maine

Diego Garcia

Guam

.SR-71

Florida .KhartoumSudan

KabulAfghanistan.

Long Range Strike Global Reconnaissance

SR-71 VMCA

8546nm

3.03.0

2.3 hrs2.3 hrs

VM

CA

F-111

F-111

F-111

..

.

Maine

Diego Garcia

Guam

.F-111

Florida

VMCA

. KhartoumSudan

KabulAfghanistan.

VM

CA

*4000nm Radius *4000nm Radius

VMCA - Global Coverage

FIXED WING VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIESFIXED WING VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIES Mach 3.0 Versatile Mission Combat Aircraft Mach 3.0 Versatile Mission Combat Aircraft

Page 12: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

FIXED WING VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIESFIXED WING VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIESMulti-Role Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV)

Propulsion Factor

•Ultra Fuel Efficient– 35% Improvement

•Extended Storage– 2-4X Shelf Life

•Integrated Engine/Airframe– Thrust Vectoring– Low Signature– Stall Free Operation

•Affordability– Reduced Acquisition Cost– Affordable Development– Zero Maintenance Engine– Health Management

1000nm Radius at 0.8 Mn

UCAV OTS Comparison+85% Radius/+160% Loiter-8% Aircraft LCC ($1.3B)

Multi-Mission Capable

Page 13: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

HYPERSONIC VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIESHYPERSONIC VISIONS/OPPORTUNITIESMissiles/Space Operations Vehicles/Global Strike

Scramjet-/combined cycle-poweredScramjet-/combined cycle-poweredMach 6 missileMach 6 missile

Scramjet-/combined cycle-poweredScramjet-/combined cycle-poweredMach 6 missileMach 6 missile

Mach 4-8 TSTO First Stage utilizingMach 4-8 TSTO First Stage utilizing readily-available hydrocarbon fuelsreadily-available hydrocarbon fuelsMach 4-8 TSTO First Stage utilizingMach 4-8 TSTO First Stage utilizing readily-available hydrocarbon fuelsreadily-available hydrocarbon fuels

Trans-atmospheric global strikeTrans-atmospheric global strikeTrans-atmospheric global strikeTrans-atmospheric global strike

Page 14: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

AERONAUTICS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYAERONAUTICS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYA New Set of Concerns Is EmergingA New Set of Concerns Is Emerging

• Business volatility is making technology planning difficult What are the right goals, program structure, and development pace? What’s the right mix between short-/long-term technology development? What’s the right balance between commercial-/military-driven needs?

• Growing emphasis on a new/different set of technology drivers Affordability (cost to develop, procure, and operate) Life, durability, and sustainment (increased service life) Fuel reduction (reduced logistics footprint/global warming) Emissions and noise (environmentally-driven basing considerations) What’s the right balance between capability and these other drivers?

• Sustaining a world-class workforce Moves, consolidations, and general down-sizing (loss of expertise base) Motivating our young people to choose a career in aeronautics

Page 15: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

Summary

• Aeronautics S&T is important to both the military and civil sectors– Role of aircraft will continue to grow for the foreseeable future (military superiority)

– Large impact on US balance of trade (economic competitiveness)

• Substantive technological advancements are being made in all sectors of the DoD Aeronautics S&T program/transition potential is high

• Significant improvements in capability are still achievable

• Current aeronautics technology budget trends are cause for concern– DoD/NASA both showing substantial declines

– Steps are being taken to reverse the trend

Page 16: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

BACKUP CHARTS

Page 17: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

ASC/FB 3 May, 2000

KEY TECHNOLOGY AREASSubsonic Concepts

• Improved, Supportable, Affordable RF & IR signature control• Electronic countermeasures, self-defense capability • Smaller precision guided munitions / longer range affordable

stand off weapons• High bypass turbofan installation• Drag reducing aerodynamics (passive & active)• Low weight & cost, multifunction structures

Focus: Robust Survivability, Un-refueled Global Range (14,000+ nm), Affordable Air Platform

Page 18: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

ASC/FB 3 May, 2000

KEY TECHNOLOGY AREAS Supersonic Concepts

• Supportable RF signature control to next level• IR signature control• Acoustic signature control• Supportable integrated thermal management (3.5M+)• Electronic countermeasures, self-defense capability • Smaller precision guided munitions / longer range

affordable stand off weapons• Low SFC low-supersonic cruise engine• Low SFC high-supersonic (3.5M+) cruise engine• Drag reducing aerodynamics (passive & active)• Tailless supersonic flight control• Moderate temperature, low weight & cost structures• Supersonic weapons carriage & release

Focus: Robust Survivability, Increased Range, Increased Sortie Generation Rate

Page 19: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

ASC/FB 3 May, 2000

KEY TECHNOLOGY AREAS Hypersonic/TAV Concepts

• Hypersonic weapon release• Combined cycle propulsion (acceleration, cruise)• Highly re-useable rocket propulsion• Hypersonic engine-airframe integration• Supportable and durable TPS, structural integration• Supportable and integrated thermal management• Prognostic health management• High heat sink / high energy density fuels• Drag & aero-heating reducing aerodynamics• Datalinks / communications / sensors through high temp

electromagnetic environment• High temperature RF materials, IR signature control for M<7

(warning driven)

Focus: Increased Range, Affordable Operations, Rapid Response

Page 20: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

ASC/FB 3 May, 2000

KEY TECHNOLOGY AREAS General Applicability To All Concepts

• System of systems / multi-platform networking• C4ISR, data fusion techniques, affordable off-board targeting,

damage assessment• Dynamic mission planning• Rapid turnaround ground ops / stores loading• Integrated vehicle/health management system• Automated & autonomous operations (technologies for uninhabited

& “man-out-of-loop” operations)• Conformal antenna arrays• Design cycle reduction tools / methods

Focus: “Bombs on Target” and Affordable Operations

Page 21: Aeronautics Visions and Opportunities: A DoD Perspective

KEY TECHNOLOGY AREAS Technology Readiness Matrix

Technology Area Mach 0.8 Mach 1.7 Mach 2.5 Mach 3.5 Mach 5 Mach 8 Mach 10 Mach 15Airframe/ConfigurationCounter Measures / Self DefenseNext Generation LO B2++ B2++ B2+ B2 B2-

Aero Efficiency 15 M*L/D 19 M*L/D 25 M*L/D 30 M*L/D 40 M*L/D 55 M*L/D 60 M*L/D 75 M*L/D

Controls / AutonomyPropulsionSub/Supersonic Propulsion sfc=.6, T/W>10 sfc=.8, T/W>10 sfc=1.0, T/W>10sfc=1.5, T/W>10

High Mach Accel Propulsion Fn/Wa=120 Fn/Wa=100 Fn/Wa=100 Fn/Wa=100 Fn/Wa=100

High Mach Cruise Propulsion Isp=1500 Isp = 1000 Isp = 2500 Isp = 1500

Structures

Low Mass Fraction Composite 50% Woe 45% Woe 35% Woe 30% Woe

Hot Structure 500F 1300F 2000F 2700F

Actively Cooled L.E. 3000F 3700F 5000F

Light Weight TPS 2700F 3300F

Low Cost Manufacture / AssemblyFuels & TankageIntegral H/C Fuel Tank 40% Wf 45% Wf 60% 65% Wf 65% Wf 65% Wf

Integral Cryogenic Fuel Tank 55% Wf 55% Wf

Endothermic JP BTU/lb=0 BTU/lb=0 BTU/lb=0 BTU/lb=? BTU/lb=270 BTU/lb=700

Cryogenic H2Vehicle Management/TurnaroundPrognostic Health Management 1 hr maint 1 hr maint 1 hr maint 1 hr maint 1 hr maint 1 hr maint 1 hr maint 1 hr maint

Integrated Vehicle SubsystemRapid Weapon Loading / Refuel 1 hr service 1 hr service 1 hr service 1 hr service 1 hr service 1 hr service 1 hr service 1 hr service

Weapons IntegrationInventory Weapon 1000 lb 1000 lb 1000lb 1000 lb

Small Smart Bomb 250 lb 250 lb 250lb 250 lb 250 lb

High Mach Weapon 1000 lb Vimp=4000 fps Vimp=4000 fps Vimp=4000 fps

Separation AerodynamicsDirected Energy WeaponSensors/AvionicsLO AperturesHigh Mach AperturesTargeting/Tracking