aequationum cubicarum & biquadraticarum, tum analytica, tum geometrica & mechanica,...
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Aequationum Cubicarum &Biquadraticarum, tum Analytica, tum Geometrica &Mechanica,Resolutio Universalis, a J. ColsonAuthor(s): J. ColsonSource: Philosophical Transactions (1683-1775), Vol. 25 (1706 - 1707), pp. 2353-2368Published by: The Royal SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/102699 .
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t 2g5g )
.4,; . ., s .Rj., ... ....i , . .
-II. uationgm C?wbicaram t Sif,udraticv.>}*Xr,.;,,.* >,S,.}f; XnAlytica) ts4ns Geonaetrica Cr Mechawic.a) tuiGiht*o
Hnstfrfals) a JZ G)1fOSe
§. I.]5 Quationis cubict t X3 " 3 p xt + 3 q x + a r, Uniarerfialis \ _ 3 pX + p3
-3Pq- Radices Tres futlt,
3 - 3
x = p + i r < rt _ q + v r -fra _ qa x_ p-1 - < 3 x ^30 r $ rz-(l3-1;+<-3 4 r < -
I +/-g 3 T- v_w > X= p_ . xit + Mi2 rq 2 Xvr_itt _ qi
Vel ut Calculus Atitllmeticus fatilier ac paratiorevaatX fi pofuetis Blnomii irrationalls r + v r2 ---|- q3 Radicem Gubicam efle m + v nX erunt eiufdem Aquationis Radices tresx =p+2n]* kx =p-m 3n. - -
lgItur data Equatione quavis Cubicas inter e js lluFlrZ que Aiquationis Univerfalis termines 6ngulos inftituezlda ept comparatio9 quo pa6io facillime invenientur ipfz p, qt r; & hiSce cot,nitis inrlotefcent Equationis data Raw lKes omnes. FIs jils vero Solutionis Exempla fint feqllen
tiA in Numeris. s. ADquationis.Cubict X5 _^ 2 2 + @ X + 4 ft Rat
d;s x irtdagand.a. Erit primo jlxta prarEcriptum 3 p = zs IG. N SYe
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( :t3S4. )
fsvep_ 2, Secundo 3 q-(3 p^) 4-3, five q _ I3,
Terrio a r ( + p ̂ _ 3 q x p ) x 77 _ 4, fiver = 279'
& rX-q3 27-* Et propterea x =-* v 9t i + z/ 29 ' -27-. Reliquz duz Radices funt impoil-
biles. 3 2
2. -In iquatione x-12 X-4I x +442s erit primO g p = I 2, five p-4 Secundo 3 q _- ( 3 p2 ) 48 _
_ 4I,6veq _ 7-. Tertio2r (p;-3 q xp)36- 3
fivc r-3; Etinde r _ q-- 27. AtBinomii furdi IOO
3 + f- 27 (-r + v r; _ q3) Ralix Cubica per Mc-
thodos ex Arithmeticapetendas extraAa, eR I +
s/- +' (=m+{n,)&proindeRadixx(p 2m =4 v =--)2,veletiamx-(p - m+f-3n =4+ X + ( 4 ) :2 =-97 vel 3. Vel rurfus, ejurdem Binomli a + i_ °°. ELadix alia Cubica (tres enim agnoXcit )
elt 3 t )- I2 :- m + i n, ) & proinde Radis X= (p 2 m-4+ 3-979 &etiamx_ (pm v-3 n-4-2 + :f 4 ): 2 3 rel 2. Vel denuo,
cjLlEdem Binomii 3 il\f _ lOO Radix Cubica tertia eR
s-/-I 5 (-m + M; n, ) R -proinde Radix
_
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( t3$S¢ ) x = (p + 2 m --4 X ) 3, atque etiamx-(p _ m + < _ 3 n = 4 I + ( v t 5 -) 7 vel z.
In Equatione X3- I5 xt 84 x + tooX erit
3*
P = 5 * q 3 r _ x3j ; & B1nomtL x3s +
v I8252 Radix Cubica eR 3 t v x2. Igtur Radx
X = 5 + 6 I, &X= -S i 3 +v 36 8 + f 361 impflibiles. 4* tn Equatione X3-34 st 3lo x + IGI2} eri-t
34 _ 2 a6 r _ 5 5 @6; & Bln-omlt <5 3
3 9 a7 27 * f 7°75-Radix Cub1ca eft " + v-. Tgitur Radix
27 ; 3 . , . z
@4 + 3 j- 22, &X_- i-+2 -- I0- 6 3 3* 3 3 -
-T0y lNlpO«lblleS. In A£quatione X3 _ 28 Xt + 6I X Il''''='t 4048 trit 28 967 2 50I0 .............. 2 S0I0-
-
v
3'
3 q-- p ,,r- 27 ;&Binomll- .............. 27-
tr _
l e
_*
p_
= v 38Xg47 .RadiYCubica eR 46 + M- 43
Igtturx-3 + 4 = 23, & x _ 28
1
/ -x6vel_x. 2
2$it w We729 __ __ ( e 4
6* In Eqnatione X3--* 23 + I66 X _ 650^ erit
s W - - +
I _ 499 _ 6 <8 & 3i
P =---, q-- 7 r- 27 ;
9658 sf _ 472Os Etadix CubicacLl tt
27 47 3 Igitur x- > -- * 4 _ I
IS ) k X _ '_ 3 + 3 + f - = 7 + f St lrratonalsg
7* n
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7. ial iEquatione 1X3 = 634 sX + 9X73 x + 9 q=,I00996 r603x68oi &.Binomii
47887175043X36 Radix Cubica eft a7
183 + i_ S i. Ggitur x- 2I + 3-6t = 387, k
X = 2t--I83 + ( i 529 ) 23 - - I39 vel x8s* -Nec fccus in c*eris procede-ndum : InveXtigatur aumm Theorema ad modum fequentems Pono Equaliotlis cu- jutdam CubicsE Radicem i-a + b, 84 -cubicemulti plicar}do proveniet z3 = ;( a3 + s a; b + 3 a bL + b3 = ^;) a3 + 3 a b x a + b + b3. Jam loco ipfus a + b valo- em ejus z fubfFituendo, fiet-xs _ 3 a b z -t ia3 + b3 qux t{E Aquatio Cubica ex Radlce x-a + b corlAlzvtEtaX cu terminus Secundus deelE. Ut lzac rero al formam magis ecymmodam magifq; concinnatn revocenter, fumo XEqua tionem z3 = 3 q z + 2 ra qux poRhat ipfius z 3 = 3 a b z + a3 + b-3 vices gerat. Igttur tranfnluratione hu jui in illam, fier primo 3 q _ 3 a bs five q3 _ 33 b3 ; & feJ GntldO 2 r - a3 i 53, filve 2 ra3 = (a6 - a3 b3 _) a6 + {*
Et folaxta hac aquatione quaelratica,erita3 = r + / r; - | q3) 8c hinc b3 ;-tx r . . a3 r r < rL _ q3 Ate it
tlLlr tandem a t < r l r^ - q3 & b-- i r i r2_ 9y
Et propterea in gquatlone Cubica z3 3 q z + 2 r er;it
3 -- -= 3 - Radix_(aTb=)z/r;+arq3 +n/rX vr-(t
At vero hc ltadex revers triplex eAf pro tripliCj va. 3
lore quem Indilere preR & v r +-- f r;_ qg 8r ^ .
; r _ f r; _ 53. CujSvis eni< quantrtatis Radix Co bita ttip]@s erit & ipEusU-Xtatis Itadis Cubica rel
efE
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( tg5t ) e{} x, vel ffi 2 + 2 <-3,zrel _ _ I af_ 3
Atqut sd adeo, proptrirea quod lwarum alicujus Cu>As fie 3 .... _ 3 _,
Unitas. [giturfi X xVr F rt r 2__+ q3 aut vr -- v^-r* 3 . * . s <s -
X x r + a r - q - t 1 x v r + i r q 9 K a- dicettn alquamo (quatn fupra ncnz;navimus m + at us ant
E x m t v n) ] Cabt r + nf rt q3 defigner; iifa
I + i 3 x +- * & -- x_ aZ ; 3 2 r t ir;qs 2
01 X -F
3 _ . ^
$ ; r + i r2 _ qW ^ 1. e. 2 X N3, l 8 3 =
-I t 3 x m , V nz alias duas <juZelm u; a _ n w * *
2 w W _ 0. dices defignabunu Slmiiiter & < r- v rs q)
-T + <-3 $ * & ; 2 x r-v rt q3) * ̂ *_
.. . .... _
- 3tr .irt-q3 [i.e..m_f n, -I + --- -t .z. . ^. . i _, _T _ _)
x m _ nf ns -*-7 x m-f 11,] tres Clibicz ta;
dices erunt Apsomes r-ir2 q3* A(}S;v.> t<s w9!.'ta->'^rj'
debite: conneAetide, fier z _ i r *t v r : --< . .
3 . 8 __. . + < r+ r; q38 LiXe. z - ln T;-' n + mzJ 2 *iz; - I + / ; 2
z_ - >tr + r _.qs , -<s^. *
2
- 3-- {- 8 / Xi rirt-q ci.e.z= -- -' + 3 X;\<
r*J _
1 -g *t-4 FC
+ 2 X ni ̂ in - m +at _ 3 n>) s Z;
/ 3 - Z > __.v
t < +> 2 ^ * t -l ^ 2 J x v rif r;_ q3+- 2 7 ty@/r;;v-qX
. .
t4 0 t < a
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t ^358 )
_-< 3 v 3 i l e. x _- [ n t Y n -
. .
x u->' n = .- m _ v 3 n,] qux tres crutl; &3u*=vlt
iEqilationis.bubicz Z3 = § qz, + 2 r. Debite alrel8s: >.*Wr nUctun£ul Aadices lftx ad modum praccdentcm? ni jpp*
-qE1X IlC conn<XaX & mAtre rulgarl sn ^ lavlCern (O.fn5<-
dll&X,, iEq!^ ati8i3X<em zS = 3 qz + 2 r reRiiunSt l)*+nl
qut hg z X W p, & iE;quav fiCt E:3 ^ 3 p X -- 2 px
_ ps = S q.y . g p q + 2 r, qux unterfal3s ett) tA
cuJus EVad-;ces elradunt ur ftopra tuerXant exhiblrz ^Xc obirgXr 3]oratil dign sm elt, qtlod X;qutian;s Cill)}cz
tjtCdE:qtlvQ Kadices omruts filat pztiibiles & rcalesvql-lc>ries BitIOtnIi llzcmbtllln irrationale i r -q) imst7ofiibititatenz il] i- conzplcEtitur ) hoc e0, qllotits q eR quantitas aR:iro tnativaX & Stzlaxl cubus t js major tS quadrato ex latPrc ;C
At fi nzembram ifiud v rz - q3 rlt p0«lbilev h0C efi fi q fc guantitas ncgarlvaX auL ctiam fl affirmAativt cubus r nainor clvladrato ex laeere r7 tunc unicatn tantum agnoicit
Equatio Wadicem pofElbilem & t:aletmX reliqutquv dut
trunt impoXsbilesk In hoc Theorealate fi fiat p = Q) ]1OC e@3 fi defit Ruab
-tionis teralinlls fWcundusv talnc deventllm erit ad caliJ.tn Regularum qut clicuntllr Card?i, cujus folueio continetu.r
in pracedentibus. $. 2. Gquationis Biquadratict Univerfalis
Zs-4 p X} + 2 q XZ + 8 r x + 4Sf
' 4 P 4 9
Radices quatuor funt x-p _ a 4 i p2 + q _ at-a s
Ax _ p -ta tip; + q_a2 4 2r> u.ia2efERadix
E;quationis t:ubicx a6 - p2 a4 X - 2 p r t2 +*t2*
Aq S Jat data Aqllatione quavis Biquadratica lrater 0tls
hujufque yE;quationis Univerfalis ,terminos fx3gll1 {>attlZ cnda
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( 2359 ) xnda-eR compaztlo? qa3o pacto clti(Elrne xlzvenientur spfx p, q, r, s; & hlfce cognicisX non lateSit valor iptius as ex tRlleoremate fuperiori int7eniendusX & tum demamj Lz noteScent A£quationis datz Radices emnes.
Huic Solutiotli illu(tranda Exemplum 1lnum aut alteruttz fufficiat.
I. A£quationis Biquadratica -X4-8x3 + 83xt s65w
6 fint Radices exenhenQl EDrit primv fXa prXfcriptum 4p = 8) tivep _ v. secuLldo zq 4Az^8
6 = 83, five q-99. Tertio Sr - ( 4;3q) 396
- B I62, five r = 7. Quarro 4s ̂ (q3) --
6, five s _ 6067, Hinc pt + q = 1O7, 2pr z s
7969' rL _ I3689, &proindea6_ I°7a+ 7929 a3
+ 3I6 9. Jam ut Rquatio hwe aliquater.us CaXbtCa
in Radices ejus refolvatur, ad Theorema p\XCd6- tiq r^>^u*
rendum eft, in quo erit p-107, (1 2 53 9) r-- --89;?3- & r; b q3 =- 9 6---5- Arqui 31nos<zii -t -+ < b - 94 75 Radix (:uDi crt - -5-sn -P H<
I6 X 2 ' a
& proprerea az = 67 (,- = , a c.>ia;£z aL _ i_W7 + - + C 3/ 400 ) 20 vf --
2 - 4 4^ perinde eft, Aquationis pramiffia t4C\r;WtA,
\T>-1 \ il }'tl }
_ A_ )
_s } _c 7
a
Cubicx fex Radices funt a = + 3 X
& a + 2' quarum qr,nevis xn(IiScrimlatim proll)O-
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( 2 360 ) 6eo noftro faciet fatis Pazta fi in prafenti ca fiat
a = 3 , erit 3uxta Theorema X = t p a + Z IllP t * \ - _ Ar95 t q aX -- = X 3 + 4+
a - 2 2
...z.*_.. . . . ..(i aS) 5 04vel 6} &x-(p - a +
2 )> -t q -. at T = = 2 + 3 + / 4 t 2 -- 9 +
S ' ({ 64) 8 = .)+ I3 Yel 3, qUt funt Ruationis
datx Aadic¢S quatuors
8 ^ 2. n gURtlOne X4 = 20X3 4 52X2 6sg2x + :X3X2} erit p > a = 1767 r - 38+ & s = 3o7*>. Hinc pX wq ZOIx ApR S= 9232s &
r _ I47456; &e indea6 = 20I a4-9232 az + s7456.
fiam in Theoremate pro Cubicis crit p _ 67, q 4z@5,
& r = 65 21-9 ;e eritqlleBlnomii6s 2I9 + f a888930707 2 27
Radix Cubica 77 + ' 47 I,gitur aX 67 1 77 = 14+,
five a - 1 ^; & preitlde x = 5 X 2 +. * * # # s e * t - \ i25 + x76 *+ +64=_7 +C{x2t ) fl+- 4 vc1 I8} & x = 5 ,. 1z + v 25 t I76 I44 o4
_ 7 _ <_* 7} impo{HSles. hujusSueem The3rcm;ttis [aven£iv c{} bujufmodi, Ex
dua^alm Ai!uati-vl;ll <; a<:irir :cr t tin] zX + 23£-s 5 = Q,
& ZE 2i-tZ __.t C - v } iN 1c S Clvtcem [nultiplication4 s
Ai!.lationea c r^fi+*>X^o Bii>adraricam zs-4a + b + c ^{ * . r s x Zt t -aC - swAD X z -s Ucr! Cu} 3 rmlX}tRX lecuT}tASseC2tN
qlmMXo n.Xs e iq*lationi zs-ev > iz - g +; tfo tt3i-
p6ltt%* tsI*le prtyso 4 a; e b + c = e Sve
b _ ¢ 4a; *^ tX vecunto 2ac * 2ab = , l1tC eR :at z>wa 1 8a3 X zac-t five c--- z 2a2,
4a 2 &
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S ibde lb = 1R +i < 3 f i t 3es t
sa
io-=-9 9 3ti8t + 4 La + 4i24 --$;a
__ _ ls g3#2_ 1[ Qa + w 4g>
wu3itX viiuti3 <f& HiSu
fstn tt gitx h R h-llXm: *.fisrta ¢Xhli po"*> &C£de-s aWe iZ2oteSutt
-pf;r 19 & c kt Eiqu-ationum Sa + aa; w -- b o &
2 _* 2at. c-0- R^adices furlt z _ a + v an + b.
at-a+fa2+C>&vez---
aT<1e-a2 st)
$e z-a + v > e-aL , qua proin-de count ELadices £i:quationiszs = ezs + ft + gi cognitavidelicet a vei a
OX RUat£0tle ^6 = t eas _ 4 ga2 _ efa ea2 1 4, 3atn at
X:quatio iRa evadat univerfaliss & omnlbus f-uis tcrininis
inEtrudaX fac. z x-p, eritque xs -* op'K3 it 6 pZ xa 4 p3 X + p4 -ex2 =2ee + fs fp X g
stem&X.p_a+ r;,e _a2t t as La1 a,;
i> e _ a + t a Ta+ldem concinnitatis & co^vnpendiw
grati fac c= zn + 2pz & i = 8-r; tv1m -4px3 + 4pt x: =- 2qx2 _ PS-s -F 2p2q j ps + 8.x 8pr btgX x -p _ a + < n2 -r q g a3 a > X i?" -t R s
,,W,_ . . _
f P + 1 R + , & a = p + q W a 4 g T a p
d- p2 q i qS sS 12 + t2* Denigue fac g ̂ 4s " qX
+ 8pr ps vpaqs &z tEarlt uatones prCcun*Cs X4 = 4pxg + 2qx2 -i 8rx + 4S a ati-p2a4 2craL + tt -4P -42q qX + 9 s
Ssilicet omrxia (:v3dUNt llt fupra funt l?ofira
T4 P
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( 2:3tSt }
§ -. FIa&enus de Fuatxonum Cubicatum & BiqwL dratwarum Refolutioize Analytica tloniam autem carun- denl ia GEQ"XtriCA per Parabolam Vl8C) tradi foler, & nonnullis in pretio eftX ipXm ¢"te1xx} & quidem uni vcrCalius} non pigeSi: htc exhibere
Data iEquatione qllaYis vel C:ubica te1 Blquadratica, in(lituenda ck comparatio inter terminos ejus > termi noRque rebndentes hujus iEquationis X4- Zs + 4P St + -2q-X + pl}t q@p&Xciletfa6s
v 4tX t + 23 + 83 $2
- 1 -E +ta
ctuatur ipCt pf qi t S t; eatuminterim-un aiiqul utw cunque pro lolbitu aXumpta Tum in Parabla tuavis tataAYBi s-utus^VenexprinciplisV AxisV6; &WAx
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( ^343 3
Qo
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( tW64 )
e1 pent3:tca1arls ltT; capiatur VS p seri;Xs -ntriora Pa
ratz<sX) & in angllle SVT in@rlbatur ST q1 qux pro 1u&sl Parabolatn fecer ln pun&s binis N & C). }Sifecb tUr tN 111 M) & per M agatur MA AXI parallela & Pamv IO1x cccurrens in A IpfX 0N parallels ducatur AL} ut fit tAL Latus Ae&um Paralzolt ad Diamctrum AM} firque h> c:xdem Untas In AL (urrintue fi opus eft produEa) cap*
*n* t}- AC} tX & a punEt(z C; ducatur GR Axi parallvla)
<k^ t)raholanz Her X-) Bv a que capiatur BS - §, A nov jtExre itzvento pundo R dt)ca4ur RE ipfi VT paraI]Pla
8: tsgl*rt3 l}5> (*j t.It tinxAratn verSs jaceat refDe&s ipfitlS & fi q fit fuantitsXs affirm"Xttta a£ terXs dexttam fi q St neg:3- 1va Atque jdetn de xpEs AS & bR il1telligatut} qut acE <O*rarias itidem partes d-uci de5)}z* fi modo valcres ipS: rum r & s pro-4eant ^;;<^atlv1* D<tliqllwn (:entro E &*Radio EC c t deRrlbatur CIrculus CK*^ qui ParatlJolatn } tOti d&n1 @c3!)it T5titleiS) QLlOt fil;a* fEq6X2tsonis datt Wdt< ten.IeS. Etenilla a punEtis iSis C) K7 @a. cltCatzur CT', ta} Ac tE>fi ST paXstllela & ad te&am GK C fi opus cLE redtl&am3 teralZautZ) eritque lzorsttr <8 jxvSs X {Uu Agua- t:onSsdaft &ad -x 9U}1ta; et @Jic<t ad dextram jece1tis trnt Rauiccsa&rmsat;;a) xt-]a wero ad fi<iftratn fnt po fi X e;unt &32iciNS tlCratI->tA PGB\&L52 C;nta&.83S) fiqLlOd
0t1-Cr1t) 1l*' 1uS,9AUR 0 Xerfed}onis punAis duobu3 ad .+ . . . * i .
X tl sW wes m v< t tz 1 X tSll¢ffi* Inter RL-srotd Cubicas R Biqtladrat^cas ra con.
firu&4as 1lec k A}8tt;[an it<tercedst etitcrtiniilis} q lod in prxn-
t142)2 tb tr}njt)Gtn utt}iR)0S jti} pig 6-l(},*l*it ;lr3ti;n}4 d-
ft¢Cttetu Walper Ete ' gs-st -4 tX-o Ere
. . .
t - i s2 + Xq2 pXe Ig*ur G;ntrt) E a A3dio E S
-;r v B&q + ( E Rq ) STq - VSg 3 dwE tt *o Citrla
CK^vA R3d;CS¢l] 0sA CP IN r}W}I C0nLr2iO.-.'4WA :O NiAilGZ 2 '*
*'aD] *-
Hzeautetn delnon(lran.uX ad mlXtu feauntemv Ma tEAnXibUS }AlN CQnArXAiS, & \2rO4!sV9A C^-J; & O})X>13 (fE) >6 Sewt AM in Ht trt ti O}Yinam Fdlab¢)tw ad lDis
,mF>t2^tn
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t XW67 ̂ ) metrum -AH, &t psolsnde CHq-241; x AH-AR, ob AL-I. tt tH--CP + AGy & A$H = GB + Bt & pr<>pterea:cpq + a AG x CP + AGq-GB + BP; {ed o1) naturam *Parabolx erit Mq = GBs unde CPq + 2 Ag X CP--BP. Jam a pllnAoCad ipEam SP demittatur ortna s tE), cluX occurrat etiam ;ipfi- St, ad BP a&se pa- ra.ilclas, inw pun&o [ Propter Smlia Triangula CDP &
TVS, erit DP VS5^1CP 8; CD = W X CP &
-inde CPq + 2AG x CP = BP-DP t- BD = VSsTCP
+ BR IEX fiveCPq + 2AG x CP T CE BR = >1E.- :AOt -tEq <:=>CEq Cfq- CEtl _ CDq
b - | FTg. 2CE) x vr-CEq- srq< - q
_t 2VTtr CP _.:ob-#Tq _ Sti _ \Tq) CEg + CPq
; SgV,q 9q 3ST< d- SNq _- 2St X Cp s1n- CP.
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. L]oS pX q r) -sX t rcsocata ipf^Esm-fi iiluativ propo&a.
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pc ad desterunt 3kadica a5ativtX illz vX ad fafiram :Kadices nqansa. ouLS>fio eit nA icRa a prdentibusX lla!biu tutum tatlont Paniz per Punda 8 tg tn v s tranCesstis Nam pfit*o F :u Par]Z) (Xps &fiantis a vs aS g !X ) nS &t
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Atgue cs FXecipas 3ilc p1E prilXte mt InXno tntN haSd iSannQM & 9ugEtumvtS 3tSBrtam f3ithr-
tuus -e2e5CIG huXuiedl Ruationum quaramcunqvle- iRadicu: nuilo fere negptto inlreniri pofEnt} & pra ocuo Es ewlAiberi. Ho£ alltem quilibet, fi id Curx fite variis m;odis pro ingenio fuv efficere pote0, & die his 3an<-
.
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l1I. 2dtionGm fGarz4tlddm {Potej}4tis tertiKj gNXItt4
Jeptirn, ssone, & lsperior2g, dd isafintxm |que per,endo, {tt terminis finitis, ad inf at ffiegxlar%^- tro Cubscis qs4 aocantur Cardanl, !&elolBio 4
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dJ1t(4. (Per Ab. Oe b£oisre, L S. SO
CIt n Numerus quicunque, y quantitas incognita, five J Equationis Radixqutfita, Entqlle aquantitas quxvis 0mneno cognitaw five ut vocant Homogeneam Compara- tionis 0 Atqut horuxn inter fe relatio exprimatur per A; quationem
nn-X un-x nn - 9 . un - x ny + - ny3 + - ._ x _ nys + _
zx-3 aX3 4xS 263
nn-g X nn6 2S nys, Acc. a
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