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Advancements in bright stock refining technology Timothy Langlais Technical Marketing Manager, Specialty Base Oils

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Advancements in bright stock refining technology

Timothy Langlais Technical Marketing Manager, Specialty Base Oils

Which product below is refined from naphthenic crude?

A. L C. Both B. R D.

Neither

L R

L R

API Classification Group I Group I

Sulfur, ppm ASTM D7220 1400 597

Viscosity-Gravity Constant ASTM D2501 0.809 0.819

Molecular Weight ASTM D2502 690 680

Flash Point, COC, °C/°F ASTM D92 305/581 299/570

Color, ASTM ASTM D6045 4 1.5

Pour Point, °C/°F ASTM D5950 -9/16 -7/20

Aniline Point, °C/°F ASTM D611 122.0/252 122.1/252

Carbon Type Analysis, %Ca ASTM D2140 5 7

Carbon Type Analysis, %Cn ASTM D2140 28 28

Carbon Type Analysis, %Cp ASTM D2140 67 65

Outline

• Group I supply decline & bright stock • Bright stock technology • Economics of viscosity • A few words about Ergon

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Group I supply decline & bright stock

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5 Source: Kline & Company, 2015

Trends in finished lubricant technologies threaten legacy Group I refineries…

Global Basestock Supply by Product Types, 2014 to 2024

Group I decline

Group II & III Growth

…and associated bright stock production.

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API Classification

Group I

Group II

Group III

Light Neutral

Yes

Yes

Yes

Medium Neutral

Yes

Yes

Yes

Heavy Neutral

Yes

Yes

None

Bright Stock

Yes

Yes*

None

*Group II bright stock remains shorter in supply and lighter in viscosity than traditional bright stock

Bright stock technology

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Hydroprocessing and the Base Oil Industry

• Hydroprocessing introduced in 1980s to expand capability to process poorer quality aromatic crudes into base oils • Chevron (Richmond CA) – Alaska North Slope • Sunoco – Puerto Rico • Gulf - Idemitsu Chiba, Suncor (PetroCanada)

• Hydroprocessing now represents ~43% of global paraffinic base oil

• Technology easily adapted to naphthenic (waxy, non-waxy) crudes • Ergon, PetroChina

Generalized Process Technologies

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Paraffinic Crude Oil

Distillation (VTB)

PDA

Solvent Extraction

Solvent Dewaxing

Hydrofinishing

BS

Traditional bright stock

Naphthenic Crude Oil

Distillation (VTB)

PDA

Hydrotreating

Catalytic Dewaxing

Hydrofinishing

BS

New Generation bright stock

Naphthenic Crude Oil

Distillation (VTB)

Hydrotreating

BS

Heavy Naphthenic

PDA and catalytic dewaxing technologies yield new generation bright stock

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Typical Properties

Economics of viscosity

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Bright stock increases viscosity more cost effectively than substitutes

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Material

Bright Stock

PIB

PAO

Heavy Naphthenic

Relative Price

1x

1.5x

5x

0.75x

Equivalent Bright Stock:

Substitute

1:1

5:1

1:1

0.66:1

General Performance versus Bright

Stock

-

Poor shear stability

Poor Solvency

Low VI, high PP, poor oxidation

stability

New generation bright stock extends formulation capabilities to higher ISO grades…

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Group III

Generalized max viscosity

Group II

Traditional bright stock

New generation bright stock

… while reducing treat rate and formulated cost

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In summary…

• Traditional bright stock supply trending down with shift away from Group I technology in finished lubricant specifications

• New refining technologies produce a Group I bright stock from naphthenic crude

• New generation bright stock creates formulation and economic value

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A few words about Ergon

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Ergon Corporate Profile

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Vicksburg, Mississippi (USA) ISO 14001:2004 / ISO 9001:2008 / REACH Compliant

Naphthenic Refinery Base Oil Capacity: 22,000 barrels per day

Newell, West Virginia (USA) ISO 9001:2008 / REACH Compliant

Paraffinic Refinery Base Oil Capacity: 6,000 barrels per day

• Privately (family) owned • Headquarters: Jackson, Mississippi, USA • Employees: >2,600 • 60+ companies under the Ergon

Umbrella

• Largest naphthenic base oil refiner in the world

• 5th largest base oil refiner in North America • 8th largest base oil refiner in the world • Customer Service available 24 hours a day,

362 ½ days per year

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Available Global Base Oil Storage - 2.1 million barrels - 88.2 million gallons - 286,440 metric tons

Global Distribution of Specialty Oils

Distribution Network

Refineries

Corporate Offices

Contact Information

Jay Coleman Ergon Sales Director, Specialty Base Oils 601-933-3204 | office 800-824-2626 | toll-free [email protected]

Gerardo Maldonado Ergon Sales Director, Latin America 281-751-8896 | office 800-824-2626 | toll-free [email protected]

For further questions, technical or commercial, please contact us.

North & South America | Phone: +1 601 933 3000 | ergonnsa.com

International| Phone : +32 (0)2 351 23 75 | ergoninternational.com

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Tim Langlais Ergon Technical Marketing Manager, Specialty Base Oils 281-202-3607 | office 800-824-2626 | toll-free [email protected]

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