adjectives & adverbs - woodbridge township …...irregular adjectives & adverbs • four...

Adjectives & Adverbs

UNIT 1

“The Third Wish”

Conventions

Adjective

Adverb

Noun

Verb

An adjective tells you about a noun. a slow car.

An adverb tells you about a verb.

He drives slowly.

Adjective

An adjective describes or modifies a

noun or a pronoun.

Adds info about what kind, which

one, or how many

Describes how things look, smell,

feel, taste, sound

Adjective

All articles are adjectives. Ex: I read the book.

Possessive words with apostrophes are also

adjectives. Ex: Tom’s car won the race.

Possessive pronouns are also adjectives. Ex: My

dog is a Beagle.

You may also have proper adjectives that are

capitalized. Ex: I love French bread.

Adjective

Adjectives are usually in front of the nouns they

modify. Example: The red ball was behind the

tall tree.

They can also be behind a linking verb as an

adjective, subject compliment. Example: The ball

was red.

Very rarely they are directly behind the verb they

modify. Example: The pizza, hot and delicious,

was expensive.

Adverb

An adverb describes or modifies a verb,

an adjective, or another adverb.

• They can be anywhere in the sentence.

• They answer the following questions:

where, when, how, how often, how

much.

• They often end in “ly”.

• “Not” is an adverb.

Examples of Adverbs

Today we will have a test. ? = when

They traveled far for vacation.? = where

I ran quickly in the race. ? = how

I wash my car regularly. ? = how often

I am extremely hungry. ? = how much

Adverb

Example of an adverb that modifies

an adverb: He speaks very quietly in

class.

Example of an adverb that modifies

an adjective: Susan was extremely

tall.

Which one do I use?

• It is critical to identify which word is being

modified in order to determine whether to

use an adjective or an adverb as the modifier.

– I: She runs slow.

– C: She runs slowly.

– I: He is real tall.

– C: He is really tall.

Adjective or Adverb?

He’s a careful driver.

He drives carefully.

He’s a quick worker.

He works quickly.

My son speaks _____ .

My son is very ____.

quietly

He is a ____ driver.

He drives _____. slowly

quiet quietly

quiet

slow slow slowly

My son speaks _____ .

My son is very ____.

slowly

quietly

angrily

easily

carefully

slow

quiet

angry

careful

easy

Adverbs Adjectives

Adjective + ‘ly’

Rule # 1

Rule # 2

• noisy

• easy

• angry

• noisily

• easily

• angrily

If a word ends in ‘y’ change the ‘y’ to an ‘i’

Adjectives Adverbs

If an adjective ends in ‘l’ add ‘ly’.

Rule # 3

• Beautiful

• Careful

• Beautifully

• Carefully

Adjectives Adverbs

Rule # 4 (Irregular)

• Fast

• Hard

• Late

• Early

• Good

• Fast

• Hard

• Late

• Early

• Well

Adjectives Adverbs

Rule # 5

Adj. & Adv. With Same Form

• Some adjectives and adverbs have the

same form.

– early, far, fast, hard, high, late, often, past,

right, soon

• The only way to distinguish them is to

identify what they modify.

– Adj: The fast car drove around the curve.

– Adv: The car drove fast around the curve.

Irregular Adjectives & Adverbs

• Four common adjectives & adverbs have irregular forms: good, well, bad, badly.

• Good vs. Well

– Good is an adjective, so use it to describe a noun or pronoun.

• She has a good job.

– Well is an adverb, so use it to describe a verb or an adjective.

• She writes well.

– (Well can also be used as an adjective when it is describing someone’s health.)

• I am not well today. (adjective)

• She does not feel well. (adverb)


• Bad vs. Badly

– Bad is an adjective, so use it to describe a

noun or pronoun.

• She has a bad reputation.

– Badly is an adverb, so use it to describe a verb

or an adjective.

• He behaved badly in school today.

Sample Item

Jacob ate slow, chewing his food thoroughly.

His mother was really impressed since she

often accused him of bolting dinner.

A. slowly

B. thorough

C. real

D. No change is necessary.

Jacob ate slow, chewing his food thoroughly.

A B


C


A. slowly

B. thorough

C. real


Jacob ate slowly, chewing his food thoroughly.

A B


C


A. slowly

B. thorough

C. real


Is slow,

thoroughly, or

really a

problem?

Slow must

become

slowly, a fix

that option A

makes.

Item 1

Farzana did poor on her algebra quiz. She

couldn’t concentrate well because her tablemate

was chomping noisily on a piece of gum.

A. poorly

B. good

C. noisy


Farzana did poor on her algebra quiz. She

A


B


C

A. poorly

B. good

C. noisy


Farzana did poorly on her algebra quiz. She

A


B


C

A. poorly

B. good

C. noisy


Item 2

Lawrence cheated on the chemistry test, but he is

still very happy with his A.

A. real

B. so

C. well




A. real

B. so

C. well




A. real

B. so

C. well


Item 3

The excruciating long school day put Wanda in

a bad mood. She was very tired and just

wanted to go home to relax.

A. excruciatingly

B. worser

C. real


The excruciating long school day put Wanda in

A


B C


A. excruciatingly

B. worser

C. real


The excruciatingly long school day put Wanda in

A


B C


A. excruciatingly

B. worser

C. real


Item 4

The horrifying news that Professor Anderson

was assigning another 10-page paper made his

students complain bitter about his very hard

requirements.

A. horrifyingly

B. bitterly

C. real demanding



A


students complain bitter about his very hard

B C

requirements.

A. horrifyingly

B. bitterly

C. real demanding



A


students complain bitterly about his very hard

B C

requirements.

A. horrifyingly

B. bitterly

C. real demanding


Item 5

The duck quacked loud, hoping that we would

throw it some of our French fries.

A. loudest

B. real loud

C. loudly




A. loudest

B. real loud

C. loudly




A. loudest

B. real loud

C. loudly


Item 6

Mr. Hodges says to quit gossiping about Veronica

and finish typing his report real quick.

A. very quick

B. real quickly

C. right now




A. very quick

B. real quickly

C. right now




A. very quick

B. real quickly

C. right now


Item 7

We roasted in the very hot sun, sweat pouring

profuse off our skin. Thoughts of iced tea and

lemonade plagued us mercilessly.

A. real hot

B. profusely

C. merciless



A

profuse off our skin. Thoughts of iced tea and

B


C

A. real hot

B. profusely

C. merciless



A

profusely off our skin. Thoughts of iced tea and

B


C

A. real hot

B. profusely

C. merciless


Item 8

We moved into the new apartment real easy.

Rebecca shamelessly flirted with some strong

neighbors who were happy to help with the

heavy boxes.

A. easily

B. shameless

C. happily


We moved into the new apartment real easy.

A


B


C

heavy boxes.

A. easily

B. shameless

C. happily


We moved into the new apartment easily.

A


B


C

heavy boxes.

A. easily

B. shameless

C. happily


Item 9

Alex did good during his speeches, addressing

his classmates with confidence and poise. But he

did poorly for the semester because he never

submitted homework punctually.

A. well

B. poor

C. punctual


Alex did good during his speeches, addressing

A



B


C

A. well

B. poor

C. punctual


Alex did well during his speeches, addressing

A



B


C

A. well

B. poor

C. punctual


Forms of Adjectives & Adverbs

Comparative

Superlative

Comparative Form

• When comparing two nouns, use the

comparative form of an adjective or adverb.

– If adjective or adverb is one syllable, add –er to

form the comparative.

• I am taller than my mother.

• She is smarter than me.

– Use this same pattern for adjectives that end in –

y, but change the –y to –i before adding –er.

• She is happier than he is.

• That show is funnier than the other one.

Comparative Form cont.

– If adjective or adverb is more than one syllable,

add the word more to form the comparative.

• I am more impressed with your skills than he is.

• She is even more beautiful than she used to be.

– Follow the guideline and use –er or more, but

never use both!

• I am more taller than my mother.

• That show is more funnier than the other one.

• She is so much more happier than she used to be.

Superlative Form

• When comparing three or more nouns, use the superlative form of an adjective or adverb.

– If adjective or adverb is one syllable, add –est to form the superlative.

• I am the tallest person in my family .

• She is the smartest person in the class.

– Use this same pattern for adjectives that end in –y, but change the –y to –i before adding –est.

• She is the happiest person I’ve ever met.

• That show is the funniest sitcom on TV.

Superlative Form cont.

– If adjective or adverb is more than one syllable, add the word most to form the superlative.

• He is the most selfish person in our company.

• She is the most beautiful actress on television.

– Follow the guideline and use –est or most, but never use both!

• He is the most luckiest person I know.

• That is the most funniest show I have ever seen!

• She is the most happiest person I have ever met!

Fewer vs. Less

• In the comparative form

– Use less to compare non-count nouns (nouns that cannot be divided).

• They play less music and more commercials on the radio than ever before.

• I have less money in my bank account than my sister has in hers.

– Use fewer to compare count nouns.

• There are fewer students in our class than when the semester began.

• I have fewer pennies in my jar than my brother has in his.


• Comparative and Superlative forms of the irregular adjectives and adverbs are also irregular.

– Good & Well have the same comparative & superlative forms:

• Better (comparative)

– I have a better car than she does. (adjective)

– I feel better today than I did yesterday. (adverb)

• Best (superlative)

– He is the best teacher at Blinn. (adjective)

– I write best when I’m not under pressure. (adverb)


– Bad & Badly have the same comparative &

superlative forms:

• Worse (comparative)

– She has a worse cold than I do. (adjective)

– She feels worse than I do. (adverb)

• Worst (superlative)

– He had the worst grade in the class. (adjective)

– She feels the worst she has ever felt. (adverb)

adjectives & adverbs - woodbridge township …...irregular adjectives & adverbs • four...

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