adjectives & adverbs - woodbridge township …...irregular adjectives & adverbs • four...
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Adjective
Adverb
Noun
Verb
An adjective tells you about a noun. a slow car.
An adverb tells you about a verb.
He drives slowly.
Adjective
An adjective describes or modifies a
noun or a pronoun.
Adds info about what kind, which
one, or how many
Describes how things look, smell,
feel, taste, sound
Adjective
All articles are adjectives. Ex: I read the book.
Possessive words with apostrophes are also
adjectives. Ex: Tom’s car won the race.
Possessive pronouns are also adjectives. Ex: My
dog is a Beagle.
You may also have proper adjectives that are
capitalized. Ex: I love French bread.
Adjective
Adjectives are usually in front of the nouns they
modify. Example: The red ball was behind the
tall tree.
They can also be behind a linking verb as an
adjective, subject compliment. Example: The ball
was red.
Very rarely they are directly behind the verb they
modify. Example: The pizza, hot and delicious,
was expensive.
Adverb
An adverb describes or modifies a verb,
an adjective, or another adverb.
• They can be anywhere in the sentence.
• They answer the following questions:
where, when, how, how often, how
much.
• They often end in “ly”.
• “Not” is an adverb.
Examples of Adverbs
Today we will have a test. ? = when
They traveled far for vacation.? = where
I ran quickly in the race. ? = how
I wash my car regularly. ? = how often
I am extremely hungry. ? = how much
Adverb
Example of an adverb that modifies
an adverb: He speaks very quietly in
class.
Example of an adverb that modifies
an adjective: Susan was extremely
tall.
Which one do I use?
• It is critical to identify which word is being
modified in order to determine whether to
use an adjective or an adverb as the modifier.
– I: She runs slow.
– C: She runs slowly.
– I: He is real tall.
– C: He is really tall.
Adjective or Adverb?
He’s a careful driver.
He drives carefully.
He’s a quick worker.
He works quickly.
My son speaks _____ .
My son is very ____.
quietly
He is a ____ driver.
He drives _____. slowly
quiet quietly
quiet
slow slow slowly
My son speaks _____ .
My son is very ____.
slowly
quietly
angrily
easily
carefully
slow
quiet
angry
careful
easy
Adverbs Adjectives
Adjective + ‘ly’
Rule # 1
Rule # 2
• noisy
• easy
• angry
• noisily
• easily
• angrily
If a word ends in ‘y’ change the ‘y’ to an ‘i’
Adjectives Adverbs
If an adjective ends in ‘l’ add ‘ly’.
Rule # 3
• Beautiful
• Careful
• Beautifully
• Carefully
Adjectives Adverbs
Rule # 4 (Irregular)
• Fast
• Hard
• Late
• Early
• Good
• Fast
• Hard
• Late
• Early
• Well
Adjectives Adverbs
Rule # 5
Adj. & Adv. With Same Form
• Some adjectives and adverbs have the
same form.
– early, far, fast, hard, high, late, often, past,
right, soon
• The only way to distinguish them is to
identify what they modify.
– Adj: The fast car drove around the curve.
– Adv: The car drove fast around the curve.
Irregular Adjectives & Adverbs
• Four common adjectives & adverbs have irregular forms: good, well, bad, badly.
• Good vs. Well
– Good is an adjective, so use it to describe a noun or pronoun.
• She has a good job.
– Well is an adverb, so use it to describe a verb or an adjective.
• She writes well.
– (Well can also be used as an adjective when it is describing someone’s health.)
• I am not well today. (adjective)
• She does not feel well. (adverb)
Irregular Adjectives & Adverbs
• Bad vs. Badly
– Bad is an adjective, so use it to describe a
noun or pronoun.
• She has a bad reputation.
– Badly is an adverb, so use it to describe a verb
or an adjective.
• He behaved badly in school today.
Sample Item
Jacob ate slow, chewing his food thoroughly.
His mother was really impressed since she
often accused him of bolting dinner.
A. slowly
B. thorough
C. real
D. No change is necessary.
Jacob ate slow, chewing his food thoroughly.
A B
His mother was really impressed since she
C
often accused him of bolting dinner.
A. slowly
B. thorough
C. real
D. No change is necessary.
Jacob ate slowly, chewing his food thoroughly.
A B
His mother was really impressed since she
C
often accused him of bolting dinner.
A. slowly
B. thorough
C. real
D. No change is necessary.
Is slow,
thoroughly, or
really a
problem?
Slow must
become
slowly, a fix
that option A
makes.
Item 1
Farzana did poor on her algebra quiz. She
couldn’t concentrate well because her tablemate
was chomping noisily on a piece of gum.
A. poorly
B. good
C. noisy
D. No change is necessary.
Farzana did poor on her algebra quiz. She
A
couldn’t concentrate well because her tablemate
B
was chomping noisily on a piece of gum.
C
A. poorly
B. good
C. noisy
D. No change is necessary.
Farzana did poorly on her algebra quiz. She
A
couldn’t concentrate well because her tablemate
B
was chomping noisily on a piece of gum.
C
A. poorly
B. good
C. noisy
D. No change is necessary.
Item 2
Lawrence cheated on the chemistry test, but he is
still very happy with his A.
A. real
B. so
C. well
D. No change is necessary.
Lawrence cheated on the chemistry test, but he is
still very happy with his A.
A. real
B. so
C. well
D. No change is necessary.
Lawrence cheated on the chemistry test, but he is
still very happy with his A.
A. real
B. so
C. well
D. No change is necessary.
Item 3
The excruciating long school day put Wanda in
a bad mood. She was very tired and just
wanted to go home to relax.
A. excruciatingly
B. worser
C. real
D. No change is necessary.
The excruciating long school day put Wanda in
A
a bad mood. She was very tired and just
B C
wanted to go home to relax.
A. excruciatingly
B. worser
C. real
D. No change is necessary.
The excruciatingly long school day put Wanda in
A
a bad mood. She was very tired and just
B C
wanted to go home to relax.
A. excruciatingly
B. worser
C. real
D. No change is necessary.
Item 4
The horrifying news that Professor Anderson
was assigning another 10-page paper made his
students complain bitter about his very hard
requirements.
A. horrifyingly
B. bitterly
C. real demanding
D. No change is necessary.
The horrifying news that Professor Anderson
A
was assigning another 10-page paper made his
students complain bitter about his very hard
B C
requirements.
A. horrifyingly
B. bitterly
C. real demanding
D. No change is necessary.
The horrifying news that Professor Anderson
A
was assigning another 10-page paper made his
students complain bitterly about his very hard
B C
requirements.
A. horrifyingly
B. bitterly
C. real demanding
D. No change is necessary.
Item 5
The duck quacked loud, hoping that we would
throw it some of our French fries.
A. loudest
B. real loud
C. loudly
D. No change is necessary.
The duck quacked loud, hoping that we would
throw it some of our French fries.
A. loudest
B. real loud
C. loudly
D. No change is necessary.
The duck quacked loud, hoping that we would
throw it some of our French fries.
A. loudest
B. real loud
C. loudly
D. No change is necessary.
Item 6
Mr. Hodges says to quit gossiping about Veronica
and finish typing his report real quick.
A. very quick
B. real quickly
C. right now
D. No change is necessary.
Mr. Hodges says to quit gossiping about Veronica
and finish typing his report real quick.
A. very quick
B. real quickly
C. right now
D. No change is necessary.
Mr. Hodges says to quit gossiping about Veronica
and finish typing his report real quick.
A. very quick
B. real quickly
C. right now
D. No change is necessary.
Item 7
We roasted in the very hot sun, sweat pouring
profuse off our skin. Thoughts of iced tea and
lemonade plagued us mercilessly.
A. real hot
B. profusely
C. merciless
D. No change is necessary.
We roasted in the very hot sun, sweat pouring
A
profuse off our skin. Thoughts of iced tea and
B
lemonade plagued us mercilessly.
C
A. real hot
B. profusely
C. merciless
D. No change is necessary.
We roasted in the very hot sun, sweat pouring
A
profusely off our skin. Thoughts of iced tea and
B
lemonade plagued us mercilessly.
C
A. real hot
B. profusely
C. merciless
D. No change is necessary.
Item 8
We moved into the new apartment real easy.
Rebecca shamelessly flirted with some strong
neighbors who were happy to help with the
heavy boxes.
A. easily
B. shameless
C. happily
D. No change is necessary.
We moved into the new apartment real easy.
A
Rebecca shamelessly flirted with some strong
B
neighbors who were happy to help with the
C
heavy boxes.
A. easily
B. shameless
C. happily
D. No change is necessary.
We moved into the new apartment easily.
A
Rebecca shamelessly flirted with some strong
B
neighbors who were happy to help with the
C
heavy boxes.
A. easily
B. shameless
C. happily
D. No change is necessary.
Item 9
Alex did good during his speeches, addressing
his classmates with confidence and poise. But he
did poorly for the semester because he never
submitted homework punctually.
A. well
B. poor
C. punctual
D. No change is necessary.
Alex did good during his speeches, addressing
A
his classmates with confidence and poise. But he
did poorly for the semester because he never
B
submitted homework punctually.
C
A. well
B. poor
C. punctual
D. No change is necessary.
Alex did well during his speeches, addressing
A
his classmates with confidence and poise. But he
did poorly for the semester because he never
B
submitted homework punctually.
C
A. well
B. poor
C. punctual
D. No change is necessary.
Comparative Form
• When comparing two nouns, use the
comparative form of an adjective or adverb.
– If adjective or adverb is one syllable, add –er to
form the comparative.
• I am taller than my mother.
• She is smarter than me.
– Use this same pattern for adjectives that end in –
y, but change the –y to –i before adding –er.
• She is happier than he is.
• That show is funnier than the other one.
Comparative Form cont.
– If adjective or adverb is more than one syllable,
add the word more to form the comparative.
• I am more impressed with your skills than he is.
• She is even more beautiful than she used to be.
– Follow the guideline and use –er or more, but
never use both!
• I am more taller than my mother.
• That show is more funnier than the other one.
• She is so much more happier than she used to be.
Superlative Form
• When comparing three or more nouns, use the superlative form of an adjective or adverb.
– If adjective or adverb is one syllable, add –est to form the superlative.
• I am the tallest person in my family .
• She is the smartest person in the class.
– Use this same pattern for adjectives that end in –y, but change the –y to –i before adding –est.
• She is the happiest person I’ve ever met.
• That show is the funniest sitcom on TV.
Superlative Form cont.
– If adjective or adverb is more than one syllable, add the word most to form the superlative.
• He is the most selfish person in our company.
• She is the most beautiful actress on television.
– Follow the guideline and use –est or most, but never use both!
• He is the most luckiest person I know.
• That is the most funniest show I have ever seen!
• She is the most happiest person I have ever met!
Fewer vs. Less
• In the comparative form
– Use less to compare non-count nouns (nouns that cannot be divided).
• They play less music and more commercials on the radio than ever before.
• I have less money in my bank account than my sister has in hers.
– Use fewer to compare count nouns.
• There are fewer students in our class than when the semester began.
• I have fewer pennies in my jar than my brother has in his.
Irregular Adjectives & Adverbs
• Comparative and Superlative forms of the irregular adjectives and adverbs are also irregular.
– Good & Well have the same comparative & superlative forms:
• Better (comparative)
– I have a better car than she does. (adjective)
– I feel better today than I did yesterday. (adverb)
• Best (superlative)
– He is the best teacher at Blinn. (adjective)
– I write best when I’m not under pressure. (adverb)
Irregular Adjectives & Adverbs
– Bad & Badly have the same comparative &
superlative forms:
• Worse (comparative)
– She has a worse cold than I do. (adjective)
– She feels worse than I do. (adverb)
• Worst (superlative)
– He had the worst grade in the class. (adjective)
– She feels the worst she has ever felt. (adverb)