aditya birla

"THE EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION AND PRACTISES OF

WCM" with special reference to Harihar Polyfibres

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION AND DESIGN

2. GRASIM INDUSTRIES LIMITED - A PROFILE

3. WORLD CLASS MANUFACTURING

4. WORLD CLASS MANUFACTURING

METHODOLOGY

5. WCM MODEL

6. IMPLEMENTATION OF WCM IN HARIHAR

POLYFIBRES

7 SURVEY ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS,

SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION

8 FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS AND

CONCLUSION

ANNEXURE

Questionnaire

1

Bibliography

2

CHAPTER – 1

INTRODUCTION AND DESIGN

INTRODUCTION

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

LIMITATIONS

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

CHAPTER SCHEME

3

INTRODUCTION

When it comes to providing well-built product the

company's strength lies in its people. They represent a

vast fund of knowledge, experience and creative ideas

resources that meet or create demand in the market.

MEANING OF WCM (World Class Manufacturing)

WCM is an insight into the concept of equipment

ownership, maintenance, visual management and how

these help one in gaining knowledge about the

equipments he is handling, using and operating,

maintaining etc.

WCM helps in reducing or eliminate abnormalities

wastes and looses by knowing the tools and techniques

and by identifying them.

4

WCM is defined as "the process of ultimately

gaining the common goal and achievements of the

company by knowing appropriate ways to keep the

environment in the best possible way to get the best out

of the best plants".

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

Since the study is an attempt to examine the

present status of WCM program by critically analyzing

the concept of WCM it forms a link between what has

been established and what is being implemented. The

scope of the study is limited only to the management,

staff and workers of Harihar Polyfibres. This study

provides a theoretical framework to understand the

basic concepts of WCM.

Since the study, is an attempt to examine the

5

present status of WCM function by critically analyzing

some of the WCM practices in the unit it forms a link

between what has been established.

The study has taken into account to assess those

efforts that have been taken by Harihar Polyfibre to

achieve WCM standards.

The review of WCM climate seeks to click the

perception of the people and hence reflects their

feelings and attitudes towards the WCM program. This'

may be used to set right the weakness and capitalize on

strength.

The analysis and objective feedback can in turn

lead to fruitful action plans to further strengthen the

WCM efforts in the organizations.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

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1. To study and understand the concept of world-class

manufacturing.

2. To study the implementation of WCM in HPF.

3. To study overall effectiveness of WCM and impact of

WCM practices towards changing the mindset,

culture and passion of employees.

4. To study the communication and training through the

WCM practices

5. To highlight the importance of WCM in the context

process industry.

6. To identify the reason for increasing emphasis on

WCM.

METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

The study is based on survey technique. The study

consists of analysis about WCM at HARIHAR

POLYFIBRES. For the purpose of the study 18 employees

were selected, their views were selected, and their views

7

were solicited on different parameters.

The methodology adapted includes,

Questionnaire

Random samples survey of employees

Discussion with the concerned employees

Personal interviews and informal discussions were

held with some

Employees to ascertain the impact practices of WCM

in the unit.

LIMITATIONS

The study is limited only to Harihar Polyfibres

division only. The other unit [grasilene] could not be

covered due to time constraint. The sample size was

constrained by the time available for the study.

WCM is a vast concept and a relatively new one. It

8

varies from organization to organization and so it is not

possible to include each aspect.

9

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

There is no field of management that will not

benefit from systematic and purposeful research. The

field of WCM is in great need of systematic knowledge

and sound principles. This is a new area, which has come

to this country after being successfully implemented in

western manufacturing units or sectors.

A separate entity is needed within an organization

in order to align the people towards a common goal that

is unified with the cooperation strategy unless

employees ask new questions they shall not get different

results only the companies that are high on performance

as well as practice can become world class. This is where

WCM cell appears. There is no end to improvement and

here WCM is the next step towards manufacturing

excellence.

WCM program represents a unified theory

compromising principles, methods, tools and system

10

that are applicable to all the manufacturing units. It

enables the chief executive officers [CEO's] to induce

new thinking in the employees at all levels.

Many of the organization in order to fulfill their

objectives have instituted various systems and

programs. While constitution and implementation of

systems and program is important, it is also necessary to

critically examine whether these mechanisms are

actually fulfilling objectives.

CHAPTER SCHEME

CHAPTER 1 Introduction and Design of Study.

CHAPTER 2 Grasim Industries Limited - A Profile

CHAPTER 3 World Class Manufacturing.

CHAPTER 4 WCM Methodology

CHAPTER 5 WCM Model

CHAPTER 6 Implementation of WCM in Harihar Polyfibres

Division of Grasim Industries Limited. Kumarpatnam.

CHAPTER 7 Survey Analysis and Findings, Suggestions

11

and Conclusion

CHAPTER - 2

GRASIM INDUSTRIES LIMITED - A PROFILE

HISTORY

OTHER UNITS OF GRASIM INDUSTRIES LIMITED

ORGANASATIONAL OBJECTIVES

SOCIAL OBJECTIVES

ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES

AWARDS AND ACHIEVEMENTS

12

HISTORY

HARIHAR POL YFIBRES, a unit of GRASIM

INDUSTRIES L TO, is situated on the bank of river

Tungabhadra at Kumarpatnam near Harihar in Karnataka

state. The unit was established in the year 1972 with

indigenous expertise, engineering and technology to

manufacturing rayon grade pulp. Today Harihar

Polyfibres is one of the largest rayon grade pulp

manufacturers in India.

Grasim Industries Ltd; Kumarpatnam, a member of

Aditya Birla Group was incorporated on August

25,1947 in state Madhya Bharat exactly 10 days after

the country got independence over these years, the

company has leading industrial conglomerate and is at

present ranked amongst ten largest companies in Indian

private sector in terms, turnover and profits.

13

Grasim is highly focused Industrial conglomerates

addressing the country's need for clothing, housing and

construction. Having fifteen division spread allover the

country, Grasim has nine joint ventures also, out of

which four are in India and five abroad. At Harihar,

Grasim has two divisions namely,

HARIHAR POL YFIBRES (PULP DIVISION)

GRASILENE DIVISION (FIBER DIVISION)

Harihar Polyfibres started in 1972 with a

production Rayon Grade Pulp.

Grasiline is a small unit started in the year 1977

with a modest production level of 12 tons per day of

Viscose Staple Fiber [VSF] now it has increased to 200

tons per day of Viscose Staple Fiber [VSF].

Grasim is the dominant VSF manufacturing with

about 62% market share in India. Viscose Staple Fiber is

14

one of the most versatile textile industries. VSF is the

closest man-made substitute for cotton. Due to its

durability and cluster, its valuable property of moisture

absorbency makes it ideal for any topical country like

India.

Demand for the versatile fiber has increased

steadily over the year, largely because of its inherently

superior characteristics as well as for the advantages of

economy.

Grasim the group flagship companies headed by

son of late Mr. Aditya Vikram Birla Shri.

Kumaramangalam Birla. Birla is the largest manufacturer

of VSF in the world. Grasim is a part of the Aditya Birla

Group, which includes its foreign interest, is the largest

industrial group of India. This multinational

conglomerate headed by Shri. Kumaramangalam. Birla

include nearly 25 companies. These are located in India,

15

Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and Egypt and operate in a

wide range of product fields.

The Aditya Birla Group is India's second largest

business industry with a turnover of RS.220 billion.

A asset base of over Rs. 1.68 billion.

A premier conglomerate of India's leading co's including

Grasim, Hindal co, India Rayon and Indo Gulf.

Leadership position in key business with strong

competitive edge.

OTHER UNITS OF GRASIM INDUSTRIES LlMITED

Stapler Fiber Division Nagada.

Chemical Division Nagada.

Engineering and Development Division, Nagada.

Weaving Division Gwalior.

Bhiwani Textiles Bhiwani.

Cement Division Jawad (MP).

Vikram Ispat (sponge iron) Raigarh (Maharastra).

16

Cement Division Raipur.

Pulp Division, Mavoor-Calicut.

Birla Software Consultancy, Bombay.

Birla International Marketing, Delhi.

ORGANASATIONAL OBJECTIVES

The term organization refers to any group of

people, working physically together to achieve a

common objectives. For a group to be termed as

organization it has to fulfill two important conditions,

Quantitative criteria

Qualitative criteria

Quantitative specifies that the number of persons

should be minimum two and qualitative specifies that

the objectives to be achieved should be common and

clearly understood by all groups and they should be

geared to work towards that.

17

Any organization whether small or big, whether

domestic life or commercial enterprise has to achieve

two types of objectives, namely social objectives and

economic objectives.

SOCIAL OBJECTIVES

Social objectives refer to the reputation and image;

the organization has got in the society. This can be

termed as the people factor. These can be satisfied

through the full satisfaction of the customers, suppliers,

employees, neighboring society and government.

Customer except a quality product at a price

affordable and a high level of reliability of delivery

schedule of the organization. To maintain a steady

growth in the business through the association of

suppliers with the organization.

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There must be continuous development through

training development in their career and image in the

society by working in the organization.

It should be pollution free atmosphere with

improved facilities, welfare measures etc to keep the

neighborhood clean and tidy.

By satisfying the social needs the organization can

build a positive image in the location where it is

functioning.

ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES

Economic objective refer to the financial status of

the organization in its effective working. This can be

termed as productivity factor. The returns in terms of

profits for the investments decide the economic stability

of the organization, which is in the control of the

management.

19

For the basic survival and subsequent continuous

growth of the organization, making a good profit

becomes an important need. Even for meeting many of

the social obligations, the organization requires financial

stability.

By proper blending of the social and economic

objectives, the organization must maintain a good

health, which becomes very important need for its

survival and growth continuously. The growth of the

employees lies in the growth of the organization in which

they are working.

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AWARDS AND ACHIEVEMENTS

Year Awards and Achievements

1995Award for outstanding contribution in the field of

labors relations by IMC, Mumbai.

1998

Certificate conferred on the unit of implementing

Environmental Management system [EMS] in

accordance with ISO 14001 standards by RU L TUV,

Germany.

2000The Aditya Birla Group Award for the Manufacturing

Excellence [Bronze Medal].

2001


Quality Manufacturing System in accordance with[150

900/2000 revised standards by RUL TUV, Germany

2001 A certificate for obtaining ISO 9001 certification.

2001


Health and Safety Management System [OHSMS] in

with OHSAS: 18001 standards by RULlUN, Germany

2002

Environment Protection case study ranked 2nd out of

88 aspirants as national level by TERI and published

in financial express of 4th April 2002.

21

2002

Greentech Gold Award for outstanding achievement

in the field of industrial safety by Greentech

foundation, New Delhi

2002The Aditya Birla Group Gold Award for Manufacturing

Excellence and competitive advantage.

22

CHAPTER - 3

WORLD CLASS MANUFACTURING

INTRODUCTION

Group Vision of Grasim

Group Mission of Grasim

Objectives of WCM

WCM Policy

WCM goals

23

INTRODUCTION

World Class Manufacturing, a relatively new

concept especially in the India Industrial scenario has

become the mantra for the survival in the Industrial

sector today. The unprecedented uncertainly

accompanied with a dizzying rate of changes have

paved way to the concept of the World Class

Manufacturing.

What really is WCM?

WCM is a concept of manufacturing in which

products conforming to the World-Class standards are

manufactured at the last possible costs. In other words,

WCM is a unique strategy for enterprise excellence

through focus on manufacturing.

Thus, WCM is an acceptable way of managing

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business to gain competitive advantage thereby

ensuring long-term success meeting the needs of· the

customers, employees, financial and other stakeholders

and the community at the large.

All these definitions reveal that WCM is a long-term

structured approach which is cyclical [plan, do, check,

act-PDCA] comprehensive and systemic and which

involves cultural transformation of the people, process

and results on a continuous basis leading to

organizational change. Better management processes

and results on a continuous basis leading to

organizational change. Better management processes

and organizational learning.

WCM strives for zero loss culture coupled with high

standards of quality and productivity. It is basically a

team based management system relying on the,

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"Art of manufacturing for consistent excellence"

"Group Vision of Grasim"

"To establish ourselves as the first choice of all

stakeholders (as the first choice of all) including

customers and employees in this board less world"

"Group Mission of Grasim"

To raise the standards of our QCDIP performance to

the world class levels"

Objectives of WCM

WCM concept was developed to gain competitive

advantage in changing and uncertain world of rapid

technological advancement. The major objectives that

the organization would pursue under the shade of WCM

concept are:

Improve the bottom line of the company.

26

Building high performance teams.

Create a congenial workplace and develop a sense of

ownership.

Develop highly skilled, motivated, self-reliant

workforce through effective training and re-training.

Achieve zero breakdowns, zero losses and zero

defects through continuous focused improvement.

Ensure a clean work environment free from accidents

and pollution.

WCM Policy

To achieve utmost satisfaction of our customers

and other stakeholders through sustained excellence in

all our activities at GRASIM, KUMARPATNAM BY

IMPLEMENTING World Class Manufacturing program to

deliver.

Zero defects.

27

Zero losses.

Zero breakdowns

Zero pollution.

Zero accidents.

WCM goals

Build high performing teams.

Create a congenial work place and develop a sense

of ownership.

Develop highly skilled, motivated and self-reliant

workforce through effective training and retraining.

Achieve zero breakdowns, zero losses and zero

defects through continuous focused improvement.

Ensure a clean work environment free of accidents and

pollution.

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CHAPTER - 4

WORLD CLASS MANUFACTURING METHODOLOGY

Form the teams

Equip the teams

Visual Competition amongst the teams

Pillars of WCM

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Introduction

Whether you are establishing a new business or

transforming the existing business into a new one, it

requires certain procedures or methodology to be

followed. Implementation of WCM also follows a specific

methodology to make the organization competitive for

facing the challenges of tomorrow and for achieving the

results. WCM methodology is based on the principles of

Olympics. It broadly comprises of three steps:

Form the teams

Equip the teams and

Visual competition amongst the teams

Step One: Form the teams:

The whole business is divided into small

overlapping, cross-functional, multi skilled, self-

30

competing high performance teams covering all

employees. These operating teams assume ownership of

their QCDIP performance, the teams focus on the eight

dimensions of WCM. For specific major improvements

project teams are also formed, consisting of specialist

from different functions, depending on the need.

Step Two: Equip the teams:

The teams are equipped with mindset and skills in

using all the arms and ammunition of WCM. They are

also trained on the rules of the game in the form of

values and mindset for excellence. Specialized inputs

are also provided through workshop such as JIT, SPC, PM

analysis and other advanced problem solving

techniques.

Step Three: Visual Competition amongst the

teams

To inspire and bring the best out of the well-

31

equipped team's competition is necessary. The third

step is creating visual competition amongst the teams

for improving the QCDIP score. WCM strives for 100%

rating for each team by their customers external as well

as internal. The factory is first divided into zones with a

zone leader assuming the ownership and responsibility

of that area. The employees in zones are divided into

teams of 5 to 20 members; each with a team leader.

Each team is assigned ownership of a specific area with

in the zone.

All the employees are included in over lapping

structure and all the areas are covered in this process. A

two-day conference cum workshop is organized to

expose all the employees to the concepts and practices

of WCM and to establish a common language. These

educational programs equip all the employees with the

required concepts, tool and techniques for implementing

WCM systems.

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In the final step, the teams become self-motivated,

all round quality focused and customer driven and

complete with one another with the killer instinct to

inspire performance.

Benefits through WCM

The entire concept of WCM, adopted on a

sustainable basis can do wonders for the organization.

An organization can encompass the WCM program to

promote excellence in manufacturing as a means of

delighting its customers, employees and other

stakeholders on a sustainable basis.

These transformation programs shall lead to be

culture, which is:Based on minimum resource

requirements, be it equipment space or people.

33

Prudent when it comes to spending money

including buying or hireling external services.

Highly productive with efficiency levels comparable

to the world standards.

Devoid of waste in any form.

Geared towards achieving "zero breakdowns, zero

losses, zero defects and zero accidents".

Market driven - always exceeding customer

expectations. Innovative in terms of products and

processes.

The pride of its employees and vendors.

Pillars of WCM

"The WCM approach is not a program it is the art of

34

managing through teams and achieving transformation

whenever needed".

Team based management systems are effective,

teams take the ownership of the process and give the

best out of them when they are inspired and through

competition. Each team thus attempts and tries to excel

in terms of quality and quantity cost, delivery,

innovations and intellectual capital, productivity.

This is an ideal work environment including

equipment condition and operating process, which is

free from abnormalities.

Thus, the entire concept of WCM can be

implemented through teams broadly classified as:-

The enablers are those who promote exceptional

performance from the people and the process by

35

performing the following functions. Establish vision,

mission, policies and strategies.

Facilitate and environment conductive for learning

and innovation. Encourage breakthrough

improvements.

Inspire superior all round sustainable performance.

Processes: people and process involve in the key

manufacturing focused areas.

The process is the means by which the organization

harnesses and releases the talent of people to

produce sustainable superior results.

Success: - which are measured through the results of

external and internal satisfaction, social satisfaction

and business results.

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CHAPTER - 5

WCM MODEL

Eight Dimensions of WCM

38

WCM MODEL

The eight dimension of WCM are, Waste elimination

Work environment

JIT and stock reductions

Equipment effectiveness / total productive maintenance.

Customer delight - internal and external

Quality first: SQM and best practices.

Liaison and understanding

Information systems, technology and cash flow.

1. Waste Elimination

Waste is any element of the manufacturing process

that adds cost without adding value to the product.

Waste not only costs money, it also extends the lead-

time for building the product and delivering it to the

customers. It also keeps the company from doing more

productive thing with its resources. Wastage is a factor

eating the profits of any organization and contributing to

39

environmental pollution.

The competitiveness of an organization depends on

its ability identify and weed out wasteful practices from

across the business as "All the non value adding are

waste". Waste / muda are usually found during.

The time of excess production :- Excess production occur

when companies create products or WIP for which they

don't currently have orders, resulting in wastage of

additional space, payment of wastages for un needed

work, incurring more material handling cost.

In waiting: - Resources remaining idle while waiting for

instructions, tools, materials, power etc. is a waste and

must be avoided.

"Inventory is an evil":- inventory is an accumulation of

products, WIP or materials at any stage of process.

40

Waste in inventory is often a huge source of waste in the

organization. It ties up people, equipment, materials and

energy that could be used for productive work.

In conveyance: - means delay in moving components or

products in process from one place to another or even

people from one place to another, to get things done.

Most operations involve series of delays. Plant layout

may make long distance transportation necessary; they

may result in multiple handling of parts. This can be over

overcome by substantially simplifying the process layout

by eliminating many stages in process as possible.

In motion: - every motion, which is unnecessary means

lost time. The successful approach is to try to eliminate

the need for movement in first place. In work place,

considerable wastage in motion can be eliminated by

organizing the tools, materials etc.

41

In defects: - defects and processing are unnecessary

and expensive. Defects also result in delay somewhere

in the system and create new waste through rework.

Elimination of defects through reliability of strengthens

the process suppliers, materials, operation; equipment

may be practiced for substantial reduction in defects.

Muda also exists in communication, procedure,

unnecessary Processing, untidiness, timing, bottlenecks

etc.

Waste is non-value adding activity so it becomes

very essential to pursue a war-like approach to identify

and eliminate waste. Thus following implementation

work is undertaken:

Formation of sub committee.

Training workshop is conduced.

Replication of workshop for all employees.

Identification of types, of waste in respective work areas

42

and elimination through structured system.

Benefits through waste elimination

Savings in resources such as people, machine

hour's space, materials. Savings in energy, water, power

etc.

Elimination of unnecessary paper work / duplicate

process. Reduction in inventory, rework, reprocessing

and rejections. Reduction in searching / waiting.

Key performance indicators

Percentage of waste identified / eliminated.

Savings achieved through waste elimination

2. Work environment

Work environment / 5s stands for good house

keeping concept which is the basis for continuous

improvement vital for organization effectiveness. As

43

good hose keeping and work place organization are

directly linked to achieve displace in manufacturing

there should be perfect co-ordination between these

activities. Good house keeping and work place

organization results in better compliances to schedules,

fewer machine breakdowns, and low defect rates and

promote exposure of problem areas. Besides a clean and

healthy work place, it inspires people to give their best

and fills them with pride. 5s aims at establishing an

environment, which is,

Eliminates wastes

Promotes wastes

Ensures quality

Is self-sustaining

Improves effectiveness

Prevent breakdowns

Improves safety

Makes an employee feel proud of his work place.

44

A step-by-step systematic approach of 5s can be

employed for a clean and healthy working environment

on a sustainable basis. The principles of 5s are as

follows:

1s Seri (sorting):- this step distinguishes necessary

and unnecessary items and elimates the unnecessary

ones in a systematic procedure / manner.

2s seiton (arrangement):- step determines the type

of storage system and lay required for easy accessibility

and retrieval of the necessary items. The mantra of this

step is "A place for everything and everything in its

place". Usage of item coding and location coding along

with visual controls makes it highly effective.

3s sieiso (cleaning):- eliminate dirt, dust and other

foreign matter through periodic cleaning of work place. It

prevents accidents and unexpected failure of equipment.

45

4s seikestn (standardization) :- creating of systems

and standards covering the entire organization so that

the neatness / cleaning is continuously maintained

extensive visual controls form integral part of this step

for exposing abnormalities.

5s shitsuke (discipline):- ensures that everyone

practices 5s religiously. This emphasis on creating a

work place with good habits and self-discipline.

The 5s principles are implemented in the

organization by:


Training workshop conducted.

Replication of workshop for all employees.

Audits carried out-self-audit and top management

audit.

Competition amongst various teams / zones.

46

Reorganization and rewards.

Benefits

Workers Organization

Work effectiveness Increased production

efficiency

Vital working atmosphere Reduced unnecessary

stock

Cheerful/good mood Low production cost

Safe environment More space and storage

area obtained

Higher work efficiency pride Confidence and recognition

Key performance indicators

Savings in team's space.

5s index.

Monetary savings.

3. Just in time and stock reductions:

[supply chain management! lean manufacturing / agile

manufacturing / quick response manufacturing].

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In today's competitive world, companies no more

compete based on their product / process or excellence

in anyone function but based on the supply chain

strength. The ability to respond with speed requires on

organization to be flexible, adaptable, devoid of

bottlenecks, simple systems and continuous focus on

eliminating non-value added activities. JIT producing

desires variety by keeping costs low quality high and

lead-time minimal.

JIT is an approach of management where there is

focus on creating a reliable and responsive supplier -

customer relationship throughout the supply chain. JIT

idea is simple, produce and delivers finished goods just

in time to be sold, sub assemblies and purchase

materials just in time to be transformed into fabricated

parts. JIT focuses on eliminating wastage, enhancing

quality and cutting down scrape, a streamlined plant

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operations that raises process yield, a production line

balancing approach and employee involvement and

motivated mechanism, JIT approach means challenge

the following :-

Set up time

Batch size

Process cycle time

Planning system

Material handling and

All existing practices.

Through time is an important indication of

manufacturing

Effectiveness and organizational responsiveness. JIT

approach focuses on "time compression" to help in

achieving throughout time reduction. The real goal can

only be achieved when JIT is working throughout the

length of the entire supply chain.

49

Some key activities required for effective

implementation of JIT are,

Manufacturing cycle time: - the non-value adding

activities significantly add to the cycle time. Identifying

and elimination of all the non-value adding activities

should reduce production and delivery lead-time. the

ideal cycle time consists entirely of value added

activities. Application of process mapping is to identify

areas that do not add value but add time, cot and evolve

action plans to eliminate them.

Single minute exchange of die / quick change over

lame: - lots production often means large inventories

and all the problems, wastes and costs associated with

them. JIT manufacturing requires of process items in

small lots. To produce economically in smaller lots, time

required for change over must be reduced. The SMED

approach gives a three stage for shortening set up time.

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These three stages are -

Separate internal set-up from external set-up.

Convert internal set-up to external set-up. Streamline all

aspects of set-up.

Enhancing supplier's reliability:- the focus is on

rationalization of suppliers to concentrate on developing

partnership relationship with them. Mutual co-operation

and technical assistance to suppliers helping converting

them to reliable suppliers who can then be as good as

co-makers systems for vendor rating and feed back give

the transparency required to build relationships with the

suppliers.

Delivery management: - an integrated delivery

planning and scheduling system, which links customer

requirements, is necessary for the organization to be

able to deliver without building up unnecessary

inventory across the supply chain. Synchronized

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manufacturing based on theory of constraints is

advanced production-scheduling technique, which focus

on through put maximization. An effective deliver

management system works on the pull system

throughout the supply chain. The pull system means

everywhere production is in response to the actual

demands from customer and not anticipated demands.

Improving material flow: by optimizing the layout

most manufacturing process contain so much waste that

JIT can't work until improvements are made process

improvements to eliminate waste often include changes

in the layout. Positioning manufacturing equipment

closely together in the order of the processing steps

reduces waste and improves the flow in several ways

placing the machines for each step; side-by-side

eliminates much of the waste of conveying work-in-

progress long distance.

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Improving material handling system: - while

designing the material handling system it should be kept

in mind that the shortest distance between two points is

a straight line and at the same time, it should be

ensured that there is no re-handling of materials, parts

etc and warehousing is optimum.

Inventory reduction: - a selective analysis of major

items would help arriving at the minimum levels. A time

bound plan is necessary for decreasing the inventory

level in the organization. As reliability increases, it may

be leveraged by operating with lesser inventories.

The implementation program of J IT is carried on

by:-


Training workshop is conducted.

Project teams are formed for various projects

identified.

53

Carryout process mapping for critical processes in

manufacturing and outside and arrive at cycle time.

Identify non-value adding activities and plan

actions for elimination with targets for time

compression.

Plan and implement supplier rationalization project

(reduce average number of supplier / item).

Identify items / suppliers for JIT purchase and

implementation.

Evolve time based inventory reduction program and

implementation. Install appropriate production

scheduling system that integrates customer

requirements with manufacturing and procurement.

Benefits:-

Shortens the production lead-time giving earlier

return on investment. Promotes continuous

54

improvements.

Multi-selling of employees.

Reliable and improved supplier's management.

Reduction in space required and material handling.

Faster customer deliveries.

Reduced work-in-progress and defects.

Reduced rejections in incoming supplies and

inventories.

Key indicators:-

Inventory turnover.

Reduction in response time.

Number of suppliers and supplier rejects.

Reduction in material handling, inventories and

space required.

4. Equipment effectiveness / total productive

maintenance:-

In typical industrial scenario, there are instances of

55

equipment breakdowns, minor -stoppages, lengthy set-

up and adjustment times, generation of defects etc.

these in turn result in delayed shipment, missed

production schedules and customer complaints. By

treating machines as partners and taking responsibility

from them, we get machines we can rely on and help

maintain an energized and responsive work place. This is

done through collaboration between maintenance and

production introducing the concept of self-maintenance

and operations together on a common platform to

maximize overall equipment effectiveness [DEE]. For

achieving zero breakdowns and zero losses, it is very

important to practice SM. Through SM, the intelligence

and skills of the people who are most familiar with

factory machines equipment operators are enlisted and

through SM operators learn to value their machines as

production partners, keeping them operating smoothly

help in making the work trouble free and satisfying. The

principles of ownership is driving force behind SM. Self-

56

maintenance brings maintenance and operations

together on a common platform to maximize overall

equipment effectiveness [DEE]. For achieving zero

breakdowns and zero losses, it is very important to

practice SM. Through SM the intelligence and skills of the

people who are most familiar with factory machines.

Equipment operators are listening and through SM

operators learn to value their machines as production

partners; keeping them operating smoothly helps in

making the work trouble free and satisfying. The

principle of ownership is driving force behind SM.

Benefits of SM:-

Enhanced overall equipment effectiveness.

Sense of ownership.

Early detection of abnormalities.

High work efficiency and effectiveness.

Extended life of equipment.

Low cost of production and increased production

57

efficiency.

Safe environment and reduction in hard to access.

Skill up gradation / multi-skill of operators.

Key indicators:

Number of accidents.

Overall equipment effectiveness

Number of breakdowns.

Quantity of lubricant consumption.

5. Customer delight - internal and external:-

The existence and survival of any business

organization depends greatly on its customers. In the

techno times of today when the whole world has

reduced to a global village, it is imperative for any

organization to continuously improve its products and

services to satisfy the global customers. Customers

today have become very demanding and highly aware of

quality. Therefore, it is required to continuously measure

58

and improve the customer satisfaction to the levels of

customer delight and ecstasy. Internal customer

satisfaction, delight, and a prerequisite to external

customer delight as one cannot deliver quality to its

external customer until and unless it's internal customer

are willing and capable of delivering the quality. The key

aspects of focus are:

Understanding the customer perceptions and

expectations about the company and competition.

Timely response to all customers.

Proper market assessment

Application of internal customer concept.

Integration of production plan with customer

delivery plans.

An overall strategy for competitive advantage and

total involvement of all employees for implementation.

Benefits:-

59

Reduction in customer complaints.

Enhances market share and organizational image.

Development of new markets I segments.

Satisfied employees and delighted customers.

Zero customer loss.

Reduction in response time.

Key indicators:-

Internal and external customer satisfaction index.

Number of customer complaints.

Complaint handling time.

6. Quality first: - Strategic Quality management

[SQM]:-

Quality is no more viewed as the measure of

conformity of products to a given specifications. It has

been expanded to encompass every sphere of the

organization and gives new opportunity for achieving

business excellence. Thus, quality now has assumed

60

strategic proportions and SQM has become an essential

dimension.

SQM is the process of establishment long-range

quality goals and defining the approach to achieve them.

SQM is a road map to ensure that customer

requirements are fully understood and met, thus

attaining customer satisfaction.

Organization pursing SQM through for approach:-

Evolve Quality integrated manufacturing strategy: - the

strategy provides for identifying process requiring to be

strengthened and technique for building total quality in

organization.

Implement Quality systems such as ISO and their

periodic appraisal: -

Establish systems and procedures to comply with

recognized standards such as ISO 9000 QS 9000 and

61

seek certification.

Create company pride awareness of total Quality: -

employee involvement and awareness towards total

quality and customer orientation is essential.

Create company wide awareness of total Quality and

customer orientation: - employee involvement and

awareness towards total quality and customer

orientation is essential. Appropriate forums / programs

to be set in place to communicate the same, including

feedback systems and measure to resolve issues

pertaining to internal as well as external customers.

Promotes production process control by:-

Identify all the critical process, tasks, key process

inputs and outputs variables and their relationship.

Process capability measurement and analysis.

Wide application to statistical techniques and tools

62

in both manufacturing and non-manufacturing.

Promote usage of basic problem solving tools and

PM analysis to eliminate chronic defects [QUDIP - Quality

and Quantity, cost delivery innovations and intellectual

capital, productivity and pride].

Application of bench marking:-

It is an important process incorporation of best

practice in the organization. These practices are

identified through bench marking studies done across

the industries both in the domestic and international

markets it prevents complacency by setting in motion

the process of continuous improvement bench marking

can be in following areas:

Product bench marking.

Functional/process benchmarking.

Strategic benchmarking.

Best practices benchmarking.

Implementation of quality function deployment

63

beginning with customer interactions their requirements

are understood and translate into engineering,

manufacturing and service requirements.

Assets cost of Quality: - the cost of quality is assessed

systematically and it leveraged for identifying

improvements leading to reduction in the areas of

appraisal and failure costs.

Quality function deployment process is utilized to

understood and translate the voice of customer into

manufacturing process service related requirements.

Process mapping, identification of critical to quality

characteristics, key process input / output variable,

installing appropriate measurement systems application

of statistical tools and techniques as appropriate are all

involved in the implementations of projects.

64

Benefits: -

Improvements in the bottom line.

Hidden capacity is realized.

Reduction in defects, customer returns and

complaints.

Enhanced customer delight and yield.

Reduction cost of quality.

Achievement of benchmark targets.

8. Liaison and understanding:-

Liaison is the co-ordination or communication

between two entities for mutual benefit.

In the highly competitive environment of cost

through global area today, it is imperative for an

organization to walk hand in hand with its stakeholders

for its existence and growth. The new mantra today is

that of "partnership" with all stakeholders relationships

with the suppliers, customers, employers, community

65

can turn around, weak organization into a strong one

and at the same time provides, and much needed

competitive edge. Equipping these teams with all around

multi-skills would go along with in making the

organization more flexible and adaptable to the

constantly changing customer needs.

Approach-liaison:-

The approach would involve communication,

exchange visits, collaborative projects, knowledge

sharing etc; social interaction also plays a definite role in

improving the relation of the company with its

stakeholders.

Teamwork / team building:-

Teams are mini enterprise inside the organization

responsible for getting the work done and for delighting

it's customers interface as well as external due to team

work :-

66

A great variety of complex problems can be tackled

beyond the capability of one individual and one function.

Problems are exposed to greater degree of

diversified knowledge, skill and experience.

Quality of decisions in a team and better than

individual divisions. Cross-functional problems are

easily solved through teams.

A healthy, conductive and productive work culture

is formed.

Skill development:-

The (improving) importance and urgency of training

for skill development arises due to,

Multi-skills required in increasing global

competition. Rapidly changing technological milieu of

industry.

67

Increased employees involvement required for

solving major issues. Employees are assessed for their

skills and their individuals

Skill and competency mapping is done systematic

training programs both on the job and in classroom

training are arranged to build the skills and to faster

multiple skills.

Training evaluation is done to see the effectiveness

of training.

Benefits:-

Builds mutual trust and promotes transparency.

Liaisons with the stakeholders help organization

through various improvements leading to mutual

benefits.

Facilitates exchange of knowledge.

Team orientation speeds up progress and synergy

harness the knowledge and potential to a great extent.

68

Employee satisfaction and enhanced due to

multiple skills.

Positive societal perception about the organization

leads to a stronger organization in the emerging socio-

economic scenario.

8. Information systems. technology and cash

flow:-

Information system: - Flow of information plays a

key role for taking various decisions in the best interest

of the organization. The entire organizational systems,

infrastructure are woven around information, be it day-

to-day management or long-term planning. Information

is like oxygen for breathing. An organization depends on

its stakeholders each one of who have their information

needs.

Organization requires systems to manage the

various processes. The systems have to be effective,

69

flexible, quick and easy to understand and perform and

devoid of longest procedures systems perspective in an

organization is essential for achieving performance

excellence. The systems provide overall alignment of the

entire organization with it is the whole business as well

as its functions effectively to achieve overall

performance. Information without systems to analyze

and improve is not supported with the right information

at the right time organizations have collapsed due to

inadequate information. The IT has made gathering,

processing and providing information easier and online,

organizations have therefore leveraged IT for enhancing

their MIS process controls and strengthening their

systems.

Technology:-

The world has witnessed rapid change in the

technology in the recent years. While one has been

talking about technological obsolescence for long the

70

real meaning is drawing now. While certain fields such

as computers, telecommunication, entertainment,

electronics, and medical fields have shown for more

changes, all other industries and businesses have been

influenced considerably.

The recent emergence of internet has suddenly

made the entire business revolve against new strategies.

Remote processing has become a reality virtual

organization, team's office, committees have become

reality. Technology has spared no field. Automation is

seen everywhere, be it machinery or simple banking

operation.

In protected economies, organizations enjoyed

certain amount of shield from technological

obsolescence. In the global economy, such protections

are no more available; one has to compete with world

class organizations that have leading edge technologies

71

in all parts of the business mighty organizations have

collapsed simply Because they did not keep pace with

technology even in organizations. Where new technology

has been introduced poor or slow absorption has caused

collapsed. Implementing new technology always met

with resistance from management because of high

investment, from employees because of retrenchment or

simply a resistance to change.

72

CHAPTER – 6

IMPLEMENTATION OF WCM IN HARIHAR

POLYFIBRES

CORPORATE GUIDELINES

GOALS OF THE TRAINING PROGRAM

IMMEDIATE OBJECTIVE OF WCM PROGRAM

WCM at HPF

FUTURE FRONTIER

73

IMPLEMENTATION OF WCM IN HARIHAR

POLYFIBRES

DIVISION OF GRASIM INDUSTRIES LTD.

KUMARPATNAM

" The world class manufacturers always go after the

next class of customer by making the product attractive

in one more way".

CORPORATE GUIDELINES:

The corporate head office of the Aditya Birla group

in Bombay has formulated a set of guidelines,

procedures, tools and techniques under the world class

manufacturing training program initiated by it. These

have been formulated in such a way that they are best

suited for implementation among the group companies.

The WCM training program encompasses the intent

and elements of the initiatives that are currently being

74

implemented by successful global players worldwide,

under the label, total product maintenance, total quality

maintenance, or total quality control, business /

organization, management, process re-engineering,

good manufacturing practices, quality circles, learning

organization, ISO 9000/14000 etc.

GOALS OF THE TRAINING PROGRAM:

WCM training program by the Aditya Birla Group is

designed to improve and motivate healthy competitive

environment with the group units and prepare them for

tomorrows competitive challenges from global buyers.

Ensure the elimination of non-value adding activities

And wastage. It also puts in place a program for

continuous improvement through combination of best of

Japanese, American and European practices.

Stimulate and assist organizations to participate in

Improvement activities towards achieving total

75

quality by compliance to best practices in quality

management systems.

Ensure an approach that covers all areas, all

employees at all

Levels for quality in products, process and result

leading to stockholder’s satisfaction.

Achieve zero breakdowns, zero losses, zero defects,

and zero Accidents and zero pollution.

Develop a culture, which is market driven, always

exceeding customer satisfaction.

Immediate objective of WCM program:

The above

Mentioned goals can be achieved only by changing

the mindset of the employees. They are the people who

need to motivate by installing in them an urge to give

their best plants to the organization.

Hence, every employee should;

76

Understand the best standards in different areas of

work place.

Be committed to implementing such standards to

be at the work place. Instantly notice deviation from

standards.

Reject deviations from standards; also know as

abnormalities.

Likes to establish the "root cause" of non-

conformance to standards. Be keen to eliminate the

source of deviation at the root.

Take pride in resorting and maintaining the original

standards. Innovative improvements on original

standards.

Care for the customer "external and internal".

Refuse to accept non-value-adding activities.

People work on process and the people wish the

above mindset created a positive impact on quality, cost

and delivery (QCD) triangle. Improves quality reduce

77

cost and on time delivery.

WCM at HPF:

WCM cell was constituted at Harihar Polyfibers in

July 1997 with three full time members in secretariat.

The members are all qualifies engineers. It is a

stipulated norm that all the members of the WCM

secretariat have to be engineers.

Together the trios have initiated a WCM program,

which is well suited to a process industry like Harihar

Polyfibres, Ku marpatnam.

Harihar polyfibres consists of around 1600

employees. Achieving world class manufacturing

standards takes time and it is a gradual phenomenon. At

HPF, the install phase consists of creating awareness

among the employees about the need for such a

program conducting the WCM conference cum

78

workshops creates this awareness.

WCM conference cum workshops are held for

establishing common WCM language and identifying

abnormalities in the plant involving all employees

present in the conference.

Future Frontier:-

Thereafter in a meeting with his executives,

managers and officers, Sri S.S.Maru said "The Gold

Award was the result of total, collective and dedicated

effort on part of each and every employee"- and that

was saying it all - and at the same time he reminded

"now it is time for us to prepare ourselves to challenge

the Platinum Award during 2004" and that is - working

together for a better, bright and prosperous further, at

Harihar Polyfibres and Grasiline, at Harihar, as always.

79

CHAPTER – 7

SURVEY ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS

AND CONCLUSION

80

SURVEY ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

Review of WCM program at Harihar Polyfibres

division:-

The review of WCM Elimate seeks to elicit the

perceptions of the people and have reflects their feeling

and attitudes towards the WCM program. This may be

used to set right the weakness and capitalize on the

strengths.

In order to know the reactions of the management,

staff and the workers towards the WCM program

questionnaire survey with selected individuals was done

during the study.

The result obtained on the questionnaire survey is

given below-

81

SURVEY ANALYSIS

7.7 Table showing effective implementation and

practices of WCM :

Here the researcher tries to find out weather the

WCM implementation and practices are effective

Strongly Agree Disagree Strongly TotalAgree disagree

8 6 4 0 1844% 33% 23% 0% 100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can analyzed that 44% of

the respondents strongly agree, 33% employees agree,

22% disagree and 0% strongly disagree that the

effective implementation and practices of WCM in

HARIHAR POLYFIBRES.

82

Graph showing effective implementation and

practices of WCM

83

7.7 WCM policy, goals and objectives

Here the researcher tries to find out weather the

WCM policy, goals and objectives are well know to all

employees.


11 7 0 0 1861% 39% 0% 0% 100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above observation, we can analyze that

61 % strongly agree and 39% agree that WCM policy,

goals and objectives that are displayed are know to

employees.

84

Graph showing WCM policy, goals and objectives

85

7.7 Roles and responsibilities as team members

Here the researcher tries to find out weather roles

and responsibilities as a team members.


7 10 1 0 1839% 55% 6% 0% 100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table .it can be analyzed that 39%

strongly agree, 55% agree and 60% disagree that roles

and responsibilities as team members are inspired to

work in teams.

86

Graph showing Roles and responsibilities as team

members

87

7.7 WCM approach applies to every industrial

activity

Here the researcher tries to find out weather WCM

approach applies to every industrial activity.

Strongly Ag ree Disagree Strongly TotalAgree disaaree

9 9 0 0 1850% 50% 0% 0% 100%

INTERPRETATION:

On the analysis of above obtained data, 50% agree

to the point and 50% strongly agree that WCM approach

applies to every industrial activity.

88

Graph showing WCM approach applies to every

industrial activity

89

7.7 Kaizen is being implemented in day-to-day

working

Here the researcher tries to find out weather Kaizen

is being implemented in day-to-day working.


7 10 0 1 1839% 56% 0 5% 100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the analysis of the above data it can be

interpreted that 39% strongly agree, 56% agree and

50/0 strongly disagree that kaizen is being implemented

in day-to-day working.

90

Graph showing Kaizen is being implemented in

day-to-day working

91

7.6 Communication system prevailed in the

organization

Here the researcher tries to find out the

communication system prevalent in the organization.

Communic

ation

Communic

ation

Communic

ation

Communic

ation

100% 80% 60% 40% Total1 12 5 0 18

50% 67% 28% 0 100%

INTERPRETATION:

On the observation of above table and data it is

clear that majority of respondents i.e. 67% supported to

80%, 28% of employees supported to 100% that

communication system prevalent in the organization.

92

Graph showing Communication system prevailed

in the organization

93

7.7 Adequate opportunities to enhance my skills

through training

Here the researcher tries to find out that adequate

opportunity to enhance my skills through training.


4 14 0 0 1822% 78% 0 0 100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above data 22% of employees strongly

agree and 780/0 of employees agree that unit gives

them adequate opportunities to enhance my skills

through training.

94

Graph showing Adequate opportunities to

enhance my skills through training

95

7.8 WCM helps to achieve six-sigma level in all

activities

Here the researcher tries to find out that WCM

helps to achieve six sigma level in all activities.


6 11 0 1 18330/0 61% 0% 6% 100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the observation of above data, it can be

analyzed that, 33% of employees strongly agree, 61 %

of employees agree and rest 60/0 of employees strongly

disagree.

96

Graph showing WCM helps to achieve six-sigma

level in all activities

97

7.9 WCM has helped in achieving:

Here the researcher tries to find out that WCM has

helped in achieving.

System and standardization 13 72%

Cleanliness 9 50%

Reduction in accidents 7 39%

Reduction in down time of equipment 633%

Reduction in customer complaints 844%

Reduction in pollution levels 5 28%

INTERPRETATION:

On the observation of above table and data 72% of

employees agree that WCM helped in achieving system

and standardization, 50% of employees cleanliness, 39%

of employees reduction in accidents, 33% of employees

agree that reduction in down time of equipment, 44% of

employees agree that reduction in customer complaints

and 28% reduction in pollution levels.

98

CHAPTER – 8

FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION

SURVEY FINDINGS

SUGGESTIONS

CONCLUSION

99

FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS

SURVEY FINDINGS:

The study consists of analysis about WCM AT HARI

HAR POL YFIBRES. For this purpose of the study of 18

employees were selected and their views are solicited on

different parameters.

1. Out of 18 employees, 8 employees strongly agree, 6

agree and 4 disagree that Effective Implementation

And practices Of WCM.

(Table - 1)

2. Out of 18 employees, 11 employees strongly agree, 7

agree that WCM Policy, Goals and Objectives that are

displayed are known to me.

(Table - 2)

3. 7 employees strongly agree, 10 agree, 1 disagree that

Roles And Responsibility AS team Members.

100

(Table - 3)

4. 9 employees strongly agree, 9 agree that WCM

approach applies. To Every Industrial Activity.

(Table - 4)

5. 7 employees strongly agree, 10 agree, 1 strongly

disagree that the Kaizen Is Being Implemented In Day-

To-Day working.

(Table - 5)

6. 1 employee supported to 100%, 12 employee

supported to 80%, 5 employees supported to 60%

that Communication System Prevalent in the

Organization.

(Table - 6)

7. 4 employee strongly agreed and 14 employee agree

to the point that Adequate Opportunities To

Enhance My Skill through

Training.

(Table - 7)

101

8. 6 employees strongly agree, 11 of employees agree

and 1 employee strongly disagree that WCM Helps in

Achieving SixSigma Level in All Activities.

(Table - 8)

9. I have analyzed the WCM, which has helped in

achieving System and Standardization, Cleanliness,

Reduction in down Time Equipment, Reduction in

Customer Complaints and Reduction in Pollution

Levels.

SUGGESTIONS

1. Employee exchange program between sister concern

should be increased so that the experiences, views

and ideas of people involved can be shared.

2. WCM auditing should be done by an independent and

recognized agency and at regular intervals to improve

its authenticity and effectiveness.

102

3. WCM training programs should be geared to support

the corporate objectives.

4. It is not necessary that the techniques that worked in

one plant have to work in another. Therefore, it is

different method of training program be formulated

such that it~ suits the industry.

5. Workers participation should be welcomed by the

management concerning WCM training program.

6. The existing forms of WCM teams should take various

alternatives of elimination abnormality and select the

best-suited one.

CONCLUSION

The information collected regarding WCM is

effectively implemented by organizing teams and

different committees are formed for effective practices

and control over the teams, which is organized. Thus,

through the effective implementation they already

103

achieved "Gold Award for WCM in 2002" and

compared to past they are able to better and striving for

the best. They are still striving for excellence in

standardization by implementing six-sigma approach

and they are preparing plans for introducing six-sigma

approach in production.

104

ANNEXURE

Questionnaire

Bibliography

105

QUESTIONNAIRE

Dear Sir,

I am a final B.B.M. student from SAHYADRY ARTS &

COMMERCE COLLEGE SHIMOGA. As a partial

requirement of B.B.M. course. I am doing a project on

"THE EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION AND PRACTISES OF

WCM" with special reference to Harihar Polyfibres.

Hence, I request you to fill the following questionnaire.

The information given by you will be used only for my

academic purpose and will be kept confidential.

Thanking you,

Yours sincerely,

(SUDHANVA B.S GOWDA)

106

Profile of respondents

Name :

Age :

Department :

Designation :

Experience :

1. Is WCM is effective implementation and practiced at

HPF?

Strongly Agree [ ]

Agree [ ]

Disagree [ ]

Strongly disagree [ ]

2. WCM policy, goals and objectives which are displayed

are know to me

Strongly Agree [ ]

Agree [ ]

107

Disagree [ ]


3. Roles and responsibilities as team members will be

inspired him to work in teams:

Strongly Agree [ ]

Agree [ ]

Disagree [ ]


4. WCM approach applies to every industrial activity:

Strongly Agree [ ]

Agree [ ]

Disagree [ ]


5. Kaizen is being implemented in day to day working:

Strongly Agree [ ]

Agree [ ]

Disagree [ ]


108

6. Communication system prevalent in the Organization

and is effective to the extent of _

Strongly Agree [ ]

Agree [ ]

Disagree [ ]


7. Unit gives me adequate opportunities to enhance my

skills through training:

Strongly Agree [ ]

Agree [ ]

Disagree [ ]


8. Approach of WCM helps to achieve six-sigma level in

all activity:

Strongly Agree [ ]

Agree [ ]

Disagree [ ]


109

9. WCM has helped in achieving

System and standardization [ ]

Cleanliness [ ]

Reduction of accidents [ ]

Reduction in downtime of equipments [ ]

Reduction in customer complaints [ ]

Reduction in pollution levels [ ]

110

Bibliography

Word class manufacturing: The Next Decade

- Richard J Schonberger.

Word class manufacturing: The lession of simplicity

applied

- Richard J Schonberger.

Publisher

Harpercollins

Tyndale house

Website : www.adityabirla.com

111

aditya birla

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