combining unequal groups to

find the total

Set Model

can be used when combining 2 or more unequal sets.

3 + 5 = 8 Josh has 3 frogs in his

aquarium. Sam gave him 5 more frogs. How

many frogs does he have in all?

Number Line Model

can be used when combining 2 or more unequal sets.

Cindy has 3 yards of ribbon. She went to

Hobby Lobby and bought 1 more yard of

ribbon. How many yards of ribbon does she have altogether?

part + part = whole

Taking Away removing parts

Set Model

Tom bought 5 pencils. He gave 2 pencils to his sister. How many pencils does Tom have left?

Number Line Model

Mary baked 10 cookies for her friends. She gave 6 away to friends. How many cookies does Mary still have?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

-6

Comparison compare to find the difference

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Number Line Model

Sam has 11 video games. Talon has 7 video games. How many more video games does Sam have than Talon?

Set Model

Kim has 6 strawberries. Sara has 3 strawberries. How many more strawberries does Kim have?

6-3 = 3

11 7 4

11-7 = 4

Part-Whole find the missing part

Set Model

John has 8 hairy bugs. 3 are purple. How many hairy bugs are blue?

Number Line Model

Helen bought a new shirt for $7. If she gave the cashier $10, how much change did she receive?

8-3 = 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

-7

$10-$7 = $3

equal groups

Set Model using sets of objects (the same number in each set) to model

multiplication

Mandy has 4 bags of balloons. Each bag has 3 balloons inside. How many balloons does she have

altogether?

4 x 3 = 12

Number Line Model using the number line to show repeated distances

A dog has 4 legs. Randy has 3 dogs. How many dog

legs are there in all?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 dog (4 legs) 2 dogs (8 legs) 3 dogs (12 legs)

4 x 3 = 12

Array Model objects organized into rows and columns

3 x 6 = 18

Peter planted 3 rows of pineapple with 6

pineapples in each row. How many pineapples

did Peter plant?

separating the whole to determine the size of each group or the

number of equal groups

Set Model

Diana has 30 stickers she wants to put on the last 5

pages of her sticker book. How many stickers must she put on

each page for all of the stickers to fit in her book?

30 5 = 6

Array Model can be used when you KNOW the size of the group

and want to FIND the number of groups

Bryan wants to put 25 books on shelves. He plans to put 5

books on each shelf. How many shelves will Bryan

need?

25 5 = 5