adapting the lean enterprise self-assessment tool for software development domain
DESCRIPTION
Presentation held at Euromicro 2012 SEAA (Izmir/Cesme Turkey) )conference for paper titled: Adapting the Lean Enterprise Self-assessment tool for software domain. ABSTRACT: Lean principles have attracted the attention of software development companies due to their potential to improve competitiveness. However, the application of such principles in the software domain is still in its infancy. This paper presents a proposal for adapting the Lean Enterprise Self-Assessment Tool (LESAT) to guide the transformation of software development companies toward Lean. LESAT, developed by the Lean Advancement Initiative (LAI) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), has been widely used in other domains. In this study, concepts and expressions of LESAT were analyzed and mapped to software development following the ISO/IEC 12207 standard. Seven assessment items concerning life-cycle processes were modified from the original LESAT. The modified LESAT for software was compared with a lean assessment approach called "Lean amplifier, " which has been developed and successfully used in practice by Ericsson R&D in Finland. The results indicated that LESAT may complement lean assessment in the software domain at enterprise level, involving the entire value stream. Moreover, they clearly emphasized the role of leadership in the transformation. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6328160TRANSCRIPT
Adapting the Lean Enterprise Self-Assessment Tool for Software Development Domain
Authors: Teemu Karvonen, Pilar Rodriguez, Pasi Kuvaja, Kirsi Mikkonen, Markku Oivo
Presentation @ SEAA 2012 38th Euromicro Conference 5.9.2012 Cesme, Izmir, Turkey
Teemu Karvonen (University of Oulu, Finland) &
Kirsi Mikkonen (Ericsson R&D Center, Finland)
http://www.oulu.fi/mgroup/ http://www.cloudsoftwareprogram.org/
Presentation contents
1. Paper presentation (Teemu Karvonen)
Introduction to topic
What is Lean Enterprise Self Assessment Tool (LESAT)?
Adaptation of LESAT for Software Development i.e. What we have done?
2. Lean reality, experiences from Ericsson Finland R&D (Kirsi Mikkonen)
Lean transformation in Ericsson
How LESAT is applied in Ericsson
3. Q&A
Introduction: Lean paradigm
Shift From Mass-production to Lean-production
Lean principlesPRINCIPLES OF LEAN
1. Specify value from the standpoint of the end customer by product family.
2. Identify all the steps in the value stream for each product family, eliminating whenever possible those steps that do not create value
3. Make the value-creating steps occur in tight sequence so the product will flow smoothly toward the customer.
4. As flow is introduced, let customers pull value from the next upstream activity.
5. As value is specified, value streams are identified, wasted steps are removed, and flow and pull are introduced, begin the process again and continue it until a state of perfection is reached in which perfect value is created with no waste
Source: http://www.lean.org/whatslean/principles.cfm
Lean Software Development
Create Knowledge
Defer Commitment
Respect People
http://www.poppendieck.com/
Build Quality In
Deliver fast
http://www.leanprimer.com/
Eliminate waste
Optimize the Whole
Lean Enterprise Transformation
Lean Enterprise Transformation
Lean highlights the importance of considering the whole enterprise in the transformation. Thus, a lean enterprise uses lean not just in some areas but in
everything it does
Lean Enterprise Transformation
Is related to organizational change.
“the process by which organizations move from their present state to some desired future state to increase
their effectiveness”
Jones (2004)
Lean Enterprise Transformation
Why do many lean transformation efforts fail?
What are the key success factors in implementing lean enterprise-wide?
How can we better assure that lean will impact bottom line results?
Are there certain transformation activities that are logically performed before others?
What is the role of senior leadership in assuring success?
Assessment(s) and transformation
In many cases enterprise transformation is cyclic process, where assessments produce important data and input for
corrective actions for new cycle
“At intervals, lean assessments are useful to get a picture how lean transformation is progressing. From time to
time it is vital to check if corrective actions are needed, major or minor ones.”
(Kuusela & Koivuluoma, 2011)
Lean assessment in software domain
Lean Enterprise Self-Assessment Tool
http://lean.mit.edu/
Lean Advancement Initiative
http://mit.edu/
Aerospace industry(LAI Consortium
members)
Seven Principles of Lean Enterprise Thinking
Based on both practical observation and rigorous research, LAI researchers have developed seven principles of a successful lean enterprise transformation
Adopt a holistic approach to enterprise transformation
Identify relevant stakeholders and determine their value propositions
Focus on enterprise effectiveness before efficiency
Address internal and external enterprise interdependencies
Ensure stability and flow within and across the enterprise
Cultivate leadership to support and drive enterprise behaviors
Emphasize organizational learning
Lean Enterprise Model (LEM)
Transition To Lean Roadmap (TTL)
LAI Self-Assessment Tool (LESAT)
http://lean.mit.edu/products/enterprise-transition-to-lean
http://lean.mit.edu/products/lean-enterprise-model
http://lean.mit.edu/products/lai-self-assessment-tool-lesat
http://lean.mit.edu/productsMore LAI products at:
LESAT Adaptation for software development domain
Conceptual space
Review prior research, literature etc.
Translate LESAT’s conceptual architecture, principles, and practices in to software context.
Real space
Evaluate LESAT for Software utility in real world (Only tool comparison, no empirical evaluation yet)
LESAT for Software
(proposal)
Deeper understanding of
Lean in SW domain
ISO/IEC 12207 Standard - Software lifecycle processes
LEAN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
Agile methods
Adaptation:1. Review of LESAT language, concepts and processes
2. Mapping of lean practices and processes to software domain:
Scrum etc…
Poppendieck etc…
for software development- 7 modified assessment items
- Mappings to ISO/IEC 12207- Additional remarks for agile
and lean development
LESAT for Software Adaptation summary
LESAT for Software-documents
7 from all 54 practices were modified, all changes in Life-cycle processes section
87% of lean practices could be remained similar to original LESAT i.e. language and terminology compatible with “Software domain language”
Mappings to ISO/IEC 12207 processes
Additional remarks/mapping to Lean & Agile SW development
Summary sheet(s)
LESAT For Software Demonstration
LEAN ENTERPRISE SELF‐ ASSESSMENT TOOL FOR
SOFTWARE DOMAIN
LESAT FOR SOFTWARE V. 0.73 4.12.2011
Teemu Karvonen ([email protected])Available for download:LESAT for Software:http://goo.gl/9Odqv LESAT for Software summary sheets for assessment: http://goo.gl/Iis5k
Reality Check / Evaluation
SOFTWARE ENTERPRISE
Ericsson Lean AmplifierAGILE & LEAN SURVEY
for software development- 7 modified assessment items
- Mappings to ISO/IEC 12207- Additional remarks for agile
and lean development
Using LESAT for SW in practice
Utilizing LESAT organization level statements to facilitate lean transformation in software enterprise Focus on enterprise level value stream Continuous improvement at organization level
Method used: Self learning through Team discussion Participants empowered to initiate further actions
Resulting in new thinking: Lifts focus from team to organization level challenges Larger benefits to focus on end-to-end flow
Ericsson Lean transformation since 2008
Conclusion
LESAT for Software can complement current assessment tool portfolio in software domain
Contains enterprise level, value stream view in Lean adoption / lean transformation
Compatibility with other LAI based models and tools (MIT approach for lean transformation)
Thank You!Questions?
http://www.oulu.fi/mgroup/
http://www.cloudsoftwareprogram.org/
Additional materialComparison results
Ideas for future research
Field testing Empirical evaluation of tool in software industry Extend knowledge about lean transformation
characteristics in software industry
LESAT version 2.0 sync & update (new version release made available 2012 by LAI)
Comparison (overview)
Ericsson Lean AmplifierAGILE & LEAN SURVEY
Scrum
Mas
ter o
r Tea
m C
oach
Produ
ct O
wner
Develo
per
Team
Agile
Coach
Org
aniza
tion
Man
ager
Releas
e an
d Por
tfolio
Man
agem
ent
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Lean transformation / leadership Lifecycle Enabling infrastructure0
5
10
15
20
25
30
LESAT
for software development
54 assessment items in three main sections by process areas
167 assessment items in 8 main sections by process areas
Comparison (Lean principles)
Ericsson Lean AmplifierAGILE & LEAN SURVEY
LESAT
for software development
Value Value stream
Flow Pull Perfection0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
35.00%
40.00%
45.00%
Value Value stream
Flow Pull Perfection0.00%
2.00%
4.00%
6.00%
8.00%
10.00%
12.00%
14.00%
16.00%
18.00%
Womack & Jones (1996) Lean Principles:
Comparison (Lean principles)
Ericsson Lean AmplifierAGILE & LEAN SURVEY
LESAT
for software development
Poppendieck’s (2006) Lean Software Development Principles:
Elim
inat
e was
te
Build
Qua
lity
In
Creat
e Kno
wledg
e
Defer
Com
mitm
ent
Deliv
er Fas
t
Respe
ct P
eopl
e
Optim
ize th
e W
hole
0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
Elim
inat
e was
te
Build
Qua
lity
In
Creat
e Kno
wledg
e
Defer
Com
mitm
ent
Deliv
er Fas
t
Respe
ct P
eopl
e
Optim
ize th
e W
hole
0.00%2.00%4.00%6.00%8.00%
10.00%12.00%14.00%16.00%18.00%20.00%