activity at lnl and spes

57
Nupecc Meeting Catania, March 12, 2010 Activity at LNL and Activity at LNL and SPES SPES L.Corradi Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro – INFN, Italy

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Activity at LNL and SPES. L.Corradi Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro – INFN, Italy. AN2000 2 MV. CN 7 MV. PIAVE HI Injector. The LNL accelerators. ALPI Linac 40 MVeq. Tandem XTU 15 MV. Transnational access. Open Calls for LoIs for the INFN research infrastructures May 2007. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Activity at LNL and SPES

Nupecc Meeting Catania, March 12, 2010

Activity at LNL and Activity at LNL and SPES SPES

Activity at LNL and Activity at LNL and SPES SPES

L.CorradiLaboratori Nazionali di Legnaro – INFN, Italy

Page 2: Activity at LNL and SPES

The LNL The LNL acceleratoracceleratorss

The LNL The LNL acceleratoracceleratorss

PIAVE HI Injector AN2000 2 MV

ALPI Linac 40 MVeq

Tandem XTU 15 MV

CN 7 MV

Page 3: Activity at LNL and SPES

Open Calls for LoIs for the INFN research infrastructures

May 2007

Transnational Transnational accessaccess

Transnational Transnational accessaccess

E.Fioretto

50 LoIs 50 LoIs 312 potential users 312 potential users from 15 countriesfrom 15 countries(about 30% more than (about 30% more than presented at the VI presented at the VI FP)FP)

50 LoIs 50 LoIs 312 potential users 312 potential users from 15 countriesfrom 15 countries(about 30% more than (about 30% more than presented at the VI presented at the VI FP)FP)

Page 4: Activity at LNL and SPES

Nuclear structure Nuclear structure researchresearch

Nuclear structure Nuclear structure researchresearch

AGATA demonstrator CLARA GASP

- High spin states - Collectivity and shell model

- Isospin symmetries - Isospin mixing in N=Z nuclei - Spectroscopy at the dripline- Shell stability and evolution

in neutron rich nuclei - Symmetries at the critical point

- Rotational damping

- High spin states - Collectivity and shell model

- Isospin symmetries - Isospin mixing in N=Z nuclei - Spectroscopy at the dripline- Shell stability and evolution

in neutron rich nuclei - Symmetries at the critical point

- Rotational damping

Page 5: Activity at LNL and SPES

Reaction dynamics Reaction dynamics researchresearch

Reaction dynamics Reaction dynamics researchresearch

GARFIELD and 8πLP PRISMA and PISOLO EXOTIC

-Multinucleon transfer - Nuclear superfluidity (pair

transfer)- Elastic and inelastic scattering

- Near and sub-barrier fusion

-Multinucleon transfer - Nuclear superfluidity (pair

transfer)- Elastic and inelastic scattering

- Near and sub-barrier fusion

- Multifragmentation at low excitation energies- Nuclear level density - Collective modes of

excitations

- Multifragmentation at low excitation energies- Nuclear level density - Collective modes of

excitations

- Break up processes - Quasi elastic scattering with light ions produced in secondary reactions

- Break up processes - Quasi elastic scattering with light ions produced in secondary reactions

Page 6: Activity at LNL and SPES

target

MOT

Fundamental interaction Fundamental interaction studies studies

Fundamental interaction Fundamental interaction studies studies

18O+197Au

trapped 8000 210Fr isotopes

18O beam I= 200 pnA

I ~ 5x105 ions/sec

the TRAPRAD experiment : production and trapping of Fr the TRAPRAD experiment : production and trapping of Fr isotopesisotopes

the TRAPRAD experiment : production and trapping of Fr the TRAPRAD experiment : production and trapping of Fr isotopesisotopes

LNL-FE-SI collaboration

Francium is the heaviest alkali, has a simple electronic structure and has enhanced P and T violation effects

Page 7: Activity at LNL and SPES

% distribution of beam on % distribution of beam on target among the different target among the different set-up’sset-up’s

% distribution of beam on % distribution of beam on target among the different target among the different set-up’sset-up’s

LNL PAC Feb2010LNL PAC Feb2010

LNL PAC Feb2006LNL PAC Feb2006

average rejection factor for average rejection factor for nuclear physics experiments over nuclear physics experiments over the last five years : 45-65% the last five years : 45-65%

average rejection factor for average rejection factor for nuclear physics experiments over nuclear physics experiments over the last five years : 45-65% the last five years : 45-65%

Page 8: Activity at LNL and SPES

5 asymmetric triple-clusters36-fold segmented crystals540 segments555 digital-channels

Eff. 3 – 7 % @ M = 1

Eff. 2 – 4 % @ M = 30

Full ACQ with on line PSA and -ray tracking

Major issue (in the demonstration phase) is the Doppler correction capability

coupling to beam and recoil tracking devices PRISMAPRISMAD.Bazzacco

Conventional array

Segmented detectors

-ray tracking

Energy (keV)

The innovative use of detectors

(pulse shape analysis, -ray

tracking, digital DAQ) will result in

high efficiency (~40%) and

excellent energy resolution

Objective of the final Objective of the final R&D R&D phase 2003-2008phase 2003-2008

Objective of the final Objective of the final R&D R&D phase 2003-2008phase 2003-2008

The AGATA

DEMONSTRATOR

The AGATA

DEMONSTRATOR

Page 9: Activity at LNL and SPES

547 keV(197Au)

847 keV( 56Fe)

Dante+PSA4.6 keV

Original~30 keV

56Fe 197Au220 MeV

Dante+PSA2.6 keV

Original~10 keV

Present set up: Present set up: 3 triple clusters3 triple clusters

44thth triple being triple being installed nowinstalled now

Present set up: Present set up: 3 triple clusters3 triple clusters

44thth triple being triple being installed nowinstalled now

Original and Doppler-corrected spectra for the 847 keV 56Fe 2+ 0+ lineDirection of recoils determined by the MCP Dante

Page 10: Activity at LNL and SPES

neutrons

pro

tons

Neutron drip-line

Proton drip-line

Spectroscopy and lifetimes in the new

region of deformationn-rich A~60, N~40 nuclei

n-rich nuclei

Lifetimes in neutron-rich Ca isotopes

N=50 shell gap: lifetime, and excited states

Quenching of the N=82 shell gap in n-rich nuclei

More than 20 LoI:Highly Excited Collective Modes.Proton-rich mirror nuclei.Superdeformed states in A~40 proton-rich region.Order-Chaos transition in warm rotating nuclei.etc...

Evolution of collectivity and Dynamical Symmetries

in the rare earths

Mix-symmetry states

Lifetimes in the region of the island of inversion

Physics program : evolution of Physics program : evolution of magic numbers and collectivity in magic numbers and collectivity in neutron rich nuclei, but not only… neutron rich nuclei, but not only…

Physics program : evolution of Physics program : evolution of magic numbers and collectivity in magic numbers and collectivity in neutron rich nuclei, but not only… neutron rich nuclei, but not only…

Page 11: Activity at LNL and SPES

THE PRISMA SPECTROMETER + CLARA GAMMA THE PRISMA SPECTROMETER + CLARA GAMMA ARRAY ARRAY

THE PRISMA SPECTROMETER + CLARA GAMMA THE PRISMA SPECTROMETER + CLARA GAMMA ARRAY ARRAY

PRISMA: a large acceptance magnetic spectrometer

80 msr; Bmax = 1.2 TmA/A ~ 1/200Energy acceptance ~ ±20%

INFN exp. PRISMA (LNL,PD,TO,Na)

INFN exp. GAMMA (LNL,PD,Fi,MI,Na,Pg)

+ broad Int. Collaboration (UK,F,D,Pl,Sp,Ro,Hr)

INFN exp. PRISMA (LNL,PD,TO,Na)

INFN exp. GAMMA (LNL,PD,Fi,MI,Na,Pg)

+ broad Int. Collaboration (UK,F,D,Pl,Sp,Ro,Hr)

Page 12: Activity at LNL and SPES

Multineutron and multiproton transfer channels near closed-Multineutron and multiproton transfer channels near closed-shell nucleishell nuclei

Multineutron and multiproton transfer channels near closed-Multineutron and multiproton transfer channels near closed-shell nucleishell nuclei

PRISMA spectrometer data

GRAZING code calculations

Mass [amu]

pure neutron pick-up channels

9090Zr+Zr+208208Pb EPb Elablab=560 =560 MeVMeV

9090Zr+Zr+208208Pb EPb Elablab=560 =560 MeVMeV

L.Corradi et al, J.Phys G36(2009)113101 (Topical Review)

Page 13: Activity at LNL and SPES

Near- and sub-barrier fusion Near- and sub-barrier fusion reactions reactions

Near- and sub-barrier fusion Near- and sub-barrier fusion reactions reactions

Precise measurements of fusion excitation functions allow to

probe nuclear structure effects: multi-dimentional tunnelling, influence of surface vibrations and transfer channels on reaction dynamics

understand synthesis of superheavy elements

measure rates of reactions of astrophysical interest

A.M.Stefanini et al., PRC76(2007)014610

cross section measurements at far sub-

barrier energies may probe the nuclear potential inside

the Coulomb barrier

A.M.Stefanini et al PRC78(2008)044607

Page 14: Activity at LNL and SPES

14

To do that we used the most neutron-rich stable beams available at the Tandem/PIAVE-ALPI accelerator complex of LNL at energies 5-15% above the Coulomb barrier

To do that we used the most neutron-rich stable beams available at the Tandem/PIAVE-ALPI accelerator complex of LNL at energies 5-15% above the Coulomb barrier

136Xe136Xe

82Se82Se70Zn70Zn

64Ni64Ni

36S36S26Mg26Mg

22Ne22Ne

48Ca48Ca

40Ar40Ar

96Zr96Zr

THE PRISMA + CLARA THE PRISMA + CLARA CAMPAIGN CAMPAIGN

THE PRISMA + CLARA THE PRISMA + CLARA CAMPAIGN CAMPAIGN

Grazing reactions as a tool to study n-rich nucleiGrazing reactions as a tool to study n-rich nucleiGrazing reactions as a tool to study n-rich nucleiGrazing reactions as a tool to study n-rich nuclei

Page 15: Activity at LNL and SPES

Cr (-4p)

Gamma softness in heavy Cr and Fe Gamma softness in heavy Cr and Fe isotopes isotopes populated in populated in 6464Ni+Ni+238238U at EU at Elablab=404 =404 MeVMeV

Gamma softness in heavy Cr and Fe Gamma softness in heavy Cr and Fe isotopes isotopes populated in populated in 6464Ni+Ni+238238U at EU at Elablab=404 =404 MeVMeV

N.Marginean et al., Phys. Lett. B 633(2006)696

58Cr New points

•The R(E4/E2) ratio for the heavy Fe isotopes is very close to the 2.50 value characteristic of -soft rotors

•The value for the heavier Cr isotopes is also close to the same limit

•58Cr lies exactly at the 2.20 value predicted for the E(5) dynamical symmetry. The energies of the yrast band are in good agreement with the predictions of this symmetry. Transition probabilities are essential to decide whether 58Cr lies or not at the E(5) critical

point.

dynamical symmetries

Page 16: Activity at LNL and SPES

Lifetimes measurements in Lifetimes measurements in 4848Ca+Ca+208208Pb at Pb at EElablab=310 MeV=310 MeV

Lifetimes measurements in Lifetimes measurements in 4848Ca+Ca+208208Pb at Pb at EElablab=310 MeV=310 MeV

J.J.Valiente-Dobon et al, PRL102(2009)242502

Differential Plunger Differential Plunger MethodMethod

Differential Plunger Differential Plunger MethodMethod

comparison of deduced

B(E2) with large scale shell model calculations

Page 17: Activity at LNL and SPES

June 2011 LNL6TC

Dec 2011 GSI/FRS≥ 8TC

July 2013 GANIL/SPIRAL2

~15TC

AGATA D.+PRISMA AGATA + VAMOS + EXOGAMAGATA @ FRS

Total Eff. > 10% Total Eff. > 20% Total Eff. ~6%

AGATA AGATA Demonstrator/1Demonstrator/1ΠΠ Experimental Experimental programprogram

AGATA AGATA Demonstrator/1Demonstrator/1ΠΠ Experimental Experimental programprogram

Page 18: Activity at LNL and SPES

HECTOR: 8 Large BaF2

High-energy -rays

Coincident measurements +LCP + residues @ 5-

20MeV/A

GARFIELD: 180 E-E telescopes

Light Charged Particles

PPAC or PhoswichResidues selection

GARFIELD+HECTOR CampaignGARFIELD+HECTOR Campaigno Temperature dependence of GDR

o Isospin Mixing of N=Z nucleus 80Zr at high To Dynamic Dipole in N/Z asymmetric reaction o Search for the Jacobi shape transition in light

nucleio Onset of the multi-fragmentation and the GDR

F.Gramegna, A.Bracco et al, LNL-MI collaboration

Nuclear structure Nuclear structure at finite at finite temperature temperature

Nuclear structure Nuclear structure at finite at finite temperature temperature

Page 19: Activity at LNL and SPES

GARFIELD+HECTOR set-up – GDR studies in hot and GARFIELD+HECTOR set-up – GDR studies in hot and thermalizedthermalized nuclei : damping of collective modes at finite nuclei : damping of collective modes at finite temperature temperature

GARFIELD+HECTOR set-up – GDR studies in hot and GARFIELD+HECTOR set-up – GDR studies in hot and thermalizedthermalized nuclei : damping of collective modes at finite nuclei : damping of collective modes at finite temperature temperature

O. Wieland et al., PRL97(2006)012501

Agreement with thermal fluctuation model if and only if CN evaporation

width is included

GDR analysis with no preequilibrium effects in 64Ni+116Sn

Analysis of α particle spectra shows preequilibrium effects in 16O+116Sn

Increase of GDR width is due to deformation effects

Two reactions – same compound

16O (130,250 MeV ) + 116Sn 132Ce*

64Ni (300,400,500 MeV) + 68Zn 132Ce*

Page 20: Activity at LNL and SPES

32S +27Al @ 474 MeV

300

μ

500

μ

Random impinging ions

BeB

CN

OF

Ne

GARFIELD : studies of response of silicon detectors - GARFIELD : studies of response of silicon detectors - channelling channelling effects and digital pulse shape effects and digital pulse shape

GARFIELD : studies of response of silicon detectors - GARFIELD : studies of response of silicon detectors - channelling channelling effects and digital pulse shape effects and digital pulse shape

G.Poggi

The FAZIA The FAZIA Initiative Initiative The FAZIA The FAZIA Initiative Initiative

Final goal: build the full array for lower (SPIRAL2 / LNL / SPES) and higher energy (GANIL / LNS / FAIR

/ EURISOL / RIA) studies with exotic and stable beams.

DIGITAL PULSE SHAPE on 500μm Silicon

channelling spoils mass identification

Page 21: Activity at LNL and SPES

Cyclotron 750 μA, 70 MeV (max) for protons in two exit ports: •RIB - up to 300 μA p on UCx•Application - up to 500 μA

Cyclotron 750 μA, 70 MeV (max) for protons in two exit ports: •RIB - up to 300 μA p on UCx•Application - up to 500 μA

Additional target station (special plants second priority)RIB or neutron production

Additional target station (special plants second priority)RIB or neutron production

UCx target station 1013

fission/s

UCx target station 1013

fission/s

High Resolution Mass Spectrometer 1/20000

High Resolution Mass Spectrometer 1/20000

Charge Breeder1+ n+Charge Breeder1+ n+

transport/beam cooler/separator

(Post Accelerator)

SPES ISOL facility SPES ISOL facility SPES ISOL facility SPES ISOL facility

G.Prete

Page 22: Activity at LNL and SPES

22

ALPI layout

Optimum betaOptimum betaβo = 0.047βo = 0.056βo = 0.11βo = 0.13

To be funded:

2 additional LowBeta Cryostats (CR1, CR2) a New buncher

New magnetic lenses (upgrade from 20 to 30 T/m)

Funded upgrade (2009)Funded upgrade (2009)LowBeta CR3, new couplersLowBeta CR3, new couplers

ALPI upgrade for ALPI upgrade for SPES SPES ALPI upgrade for ALPI upgrade for SPES SPES

Page 23: Activity at LNL and SPES

The ALPI post The ALPI post accelerator accelerator The ALPI post The ALPI post accelerator accelerator

• Superconductinglinac based on QW Resonators• 2003: Up graded to Veq ~ 40 MV - Nb/Cu sputtered cavities or bulk Nb cavities; 2009: 48 MV• Energies up to 10-12 MeV/A for A=130 beams

Expected SPES Expected SPES energiesenergies

Expected SPES Expected SPES energiesenergies

Page 24: Activity at LNL and SPES

1,00E+00

1,00E+01

1,00E+02

1,00E+03

1,00E+04

1,00E+05

1,00E+06

1,00E+07

1,00E+08

1,00E+09

1,00E+10

70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

inte

ns

ity

(se

c-1

)

mass

Accelerated RIB beams

132Sn

Ga

KrSr

AgIn

Sn Cs

ionization efficiencies: (1+) 30% and (n+) 4%(1+) 90% and (n+) 12% for Kr and Xe,Transport efficiency 50%

Representative expected beams at Representative expected beams at SPES SPES Representative expected beams at Representative expected beams at SPES SPES

Page 25: Activity at LNL and SPES

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

Facility design

First Target and ion source

Second target and ion source

Authorization to operate

Building Tender & Construction

Target installation and commissioning

Cyclotron Tender & Construction

Cyclotron Installation and commissioning

Alpi preparation for post acceleration

Installation of RIBs transfer lines and

spectrometer

Complete commissioning

SPES SPES SCHEDULE SCHEDULE SPES SPES SCHEDULE SCHEDULE

Page 26: Activity at LNL and SPES

SPES technical design SPES technical design report report SPES technical design SPES technical design report report

Page 27: Activity at LNL and SPES

-0.50 -0.25 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00

0

5

10

15

172Yb

132Sn +40Ca

77Ni +95Mo140Xe +32S

94Kr +78Se22Ne +150Nd

48Ca +124Sn

Prompt Dipole

Relat

ive In

crea

se

N/Z(N/ Z)

Radioactive Beams

tptp

tpcontactNcontactZcontact Z

N

Z

NZZ

A

RRtRtR

A

NZtD

))()(()(

LOI SPIRAL2

Dynamic Dipole in 172Yb 5MeV/A

(onset energy for DDR)

Dynamical Dipole yield increases with

asymmetry of fusing ions

Dynamical Dipole Dynamical Dipole Yields Yields

Dynamical Dipole Dynamical Dipole Yields Yields

Baran, Brink, Colonna, DiToro PRL87(2001)182501 S.Leoni

Information can be extracted on the symmetry energy term

at low density

Page 28: Activity at LNL and SPES

proton stripping channels lead to neutron rich medium mass nuclei

proton pick-up channels lead to neutron rich heavy mass nuclei

Page 29: Activity at LNL and SPES

Multinucleon transfer reactions with neutron-rich Multinucleon transfer reactions with neutron-rich beams beams

Multinucleon transfer reactions with neutron-rich Multinucleon transfer reactions with neutron-rich beams beams

possibility to populate nuclei via pick-up and stripping of both

neutrons and protons

probing (nn), (pp) and (np) correlations. Important for studies

on pairing vibrations/rotations, nuclear superfluidity

C.H.Dasso, G.Pollarolo, A.Winther, PRL73(1994)1907

GRAZING code calculations

production of neutron rich isotopes

Page 30: Activity at LNL and SPES

Near- and sub-barrier fusion reactions with exotic Near- and sub-barrier fusion reactions with exotic beams beams

Near- and sub-barrier fusion reactions with exotic Near- and sub-barrier fusion reactions with exotic beams beams

Key issues with RIB

Enhanced effects of positive Q-value transfer channels

Role of surface modes in nuclei with significant neutron excess

With the lower beam intensities of RIB, one can derive fusion barrier distributions

by measuring excitation functions of quasi-elastic channels

Rtransinelelqel ddddEd )(),(

dEdED qelqel )(

F.Liang et al., PRC75(2007)054607 S.Mitsuoka et al, PRL99(2007)182701

Page 31: Activity at LNL and SPES

Some few Some few remarks remarks

Some few Some few remarks remarks

Nuclear structure and nuclear reactions with heavy ions are being investigated at near barrier energies with the TANDEM+ALPI+PIAVE accelerator complex of LNL

Important developments have been made in complex detector systems (gamma arrays, tracking spectrometers, charge

particle arrays) through which extensive studies have been and are being successfully performed in different areas

The SPES project represents the most important step forward for nuclear physics research in Italy. Its completion will allow to perform challenging and significant studies in heavy ion

physics with RIB’s

Nuclear structure and nuclear reactions with heavy ions are being investigated at near barrier energies with the TANDEM+ALPI+PIAVE accelerator complex of LNL

Important developments have been made in complex detector systems (gamma arrays, tracking spectrometers, charge

particle arrays) through which extensive studies have been and are being successfully performed in different areas

The SPES project represents the most important step forward for nuclear physics research in Italy. Its completion will allow to perform challenging and significant studies in heavy ion

physics with RIB’s

Page 32: Activity at LNL and SPES
Page 33: Activity at LNL and SPES

SPES

Primary Beam: Cyclotron 300 μA, 70 MeV (max) for protons in two exit ports for RIB

Production Target: UCx multi-foil , up to 1013 fission s-1

Post-accelerator: PIAVE-ALPI Superconductive Linac up to 11 AMeV for A=130

• Facility Approved for construction

• Phase 1 - financed by INFN

LINAC ALPI

LINAC ALPI

TANDEM XTU

Experimental HALLS

TANDEM XTU

Experimental HALLSRIB Transport

Line

III Experimental HALL

RIB Transport Line

III Experimental HALL

The SPES The SPES project project

The SPES The SPES project project

Page 34: Activity at LNL and SPES

Surface Ion source1 2

H He3 4 5 6 7 9 10

Li Be B C N O F Ne11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112

Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt

8

Elements with bad volatility (NOT EXTRACTED)

Surface Ionization MethodSurface Ionization Method

Laser beam

Laser Ion source

Photo Ionization MethodPhoto Ionization Method

Plasma Ionization MethodIonization Method

Main fission 238U fragments

Plasma Ion source

Ionization methods at Ionization methods at SPES SPES Ionization methods at Ionization methods at SPES SPES

Page 35: Activity at LNL and SPES

The SPES target prototypeThe SPES target prototype

Graphite Window

UCx Disk

Graphite Dumpers

Graphite Box

1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 16000.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

UCx from UO

2+nC

em

iss

ivit

yT (°C)

UCx emissivity

SEM Characterization

UCx target procuction

SPES target-ion-source Front End

Page 36: Activity at LNL and SPES

SPES

UNIPV UNIPD UNITN

DIM DCT DEI

DESIGN MATERIALS

DIMChemistry

CERN- ISOLDE

GANIL-SPIRAL 2

ORSAY-ALTO

TRIUMF- ISAC ORNL- HRIBF

HANDLING

CONTROLS

SPES Target collaborations network

KEK- TRIAC

Pavia

Milano

LNS

Bologna

DCT- Structure and Transportation Engineering

DIM- Mechanical Eng.DEI- IT – Eng.

DCT- Structure and Transportation Engineering

DIM- Mechanical Eng.DEI- IT – Eng.

Chemistry

UNIPA

LNL

Nucl. Engin.

Napoli

CataniaFirenze

Padova

Page 37: Activity at LNL and SPES

38

SPES layout

Present layout

PIA

VE

cry

ost

at

ISACII-like cryostats

PIAVE upgrade for SPES

Page 38: Activity at LNL and SPES

GRAZING calculations

Multinucleon transfer reactions are a promising tool to get access to very neutron rich heavy nuclei when using a neutron rich radioactive beam

Eurisol Project (key experiments) http://www.ganil.fr/eurisol/

Multinucleon transfer reactions in the Multinucleon transfer reactions in the transactinide region transactinide region

Multinucleon transfer reactions in the Multinucleon transfer reactions in the transactinide region transactinide region

Page 39: Activity at LNL and SPES

Calculations : G.Pollarolo, Phys.Rev.Lett.100,252701(2008)

Quasielastic barrier distributions : role of particle transfer Quasielastic barrier distributions : role of particle transfer channelschannels

Quasielastic barrier distributions : role of particle transfer Quasielastic barrier distributions : role of particle transfer channelschannels

Exp. data : S.Mitsuoka et al, Phys.Rev.Lett.99,182701(2007)

Page 40: Activity at LNL and SPES

Dipole Resonance Emission from HOT nuclei

t=0 fm/c

fusion CN all degree of freedom EQUILIBRATED

Giant Dipole Resonance

Temperature dependence of GDR width

damping of CN

GDR

p vs n

Charge NOT equilibrated

Prompt Dipole

tptp

tpcontact Z

N

Z

NZZ

A

RRtD

)(ReactionDynamics

EOS

density plot

dipole moment CNfusion

Page 41: Activity at LNL and SPES

GARFIELD + HECTOR experiment @ LNL

Two reactions – same compound 16O (130,250 MeV ) + 116Sn 132Ce*64Ni (300,400,500 MeV) + 68Zn 132Ce*

preequilibrium

particle spectra

5 10 15 2010-1

100

101

102

103

104

5 10 15 20 5 10 15 20 25

5 10 15 20

0,04

0,08

5 10 15 20

0,04

0,08

5 10 15 20

0,08

0,16

E*=200MeV

Yie

ld [

arb

.un

.]

E [MeV]

E*=150MeV

E [MeV]

E*=100MeV

E [MeV]

[arb

.un

.]

E [MeV]

[arb

.un

.]

E [MeV]

[arb

.un.

]

E [MeV]

GDR analysis with NO pre-equilibrium effects

spectra

Page 42: Activity at LNL and SPES

Last stage of the decay revealed by correlation functions

Primary yields can be obtained after Coulomb background subtraction

E*= 2.2, 4.3, 5.6 MeV E*=2.3, 3.5 MeVE*=0.7, 2.3 MeV

d+

p+7Be

p+12C

Page 43: Activity at LNL and SPES

Experiments with n-rich/poor systems @ LNL 32S+58Ni and 32S+64Ni 14.5 AMeV

GARFIELD & Ancillaries Pre-equilibrium emission in 16O+116Sn

2211211 2 )(1, pYpYqRppY

Measuring correlation functions

R(q) probes space-time properties of source 1p 2p

Page 44: Activity at LNL and SPES

Multinucleon transfer reactions : from neutron poor to neutron Multinucleon transfer reactions : from neutron poor to neutron rich nuclei rich nuclei

Multinucleon transfer reactions : from neutron poor to neutron Multinucleon transfer reactions : from neutron poor to neutron rich nuclei rich nuclei

with (moderately n-rich) heavy ions one can populate (nn), (pp) and (np) channels with comparable strength

GRAZING code calculations 44Ar + 208Pb E=320 MeV

LNL data

Page 45: Activity at LNL and SPES

Approaching Approaching 7878Ni and Ni and 132132Sn Sn regionsregions

Approaching Approaching 7878Ni and Ni and 132132Sn Sn regionsregions

Page 46: Activity at LNL and SPES

Neutron rich nuclei produced in the fission of Neutron rich nuclei produced in the fission of 238238U in U in 136136Xe+Xe+238238U at EU at Elablab=990 MeV=990 MeV

Neutron rich nuclei produced in the fission of Neutron rich nuclei produced in the fission of 238238U in U in 136136Xe+Xe+238238U at EU at Elablab=990 MeV=990 MeV

N.Marginean et al., Phys. Rev. C80(2009)021301(R)

Page 47: Activity at LNL and SPES

Total cross Total cross sections sections

Total cross Total cross sections sections

successive transfer

S.Szilner et al, Phys.Rev.C76(2007)024604

Page 48: Activity at LNL and SPES

IC

MWPPAC

A physical event is composed by the A physical event is composed by the parameters:parameters:

•position at the entrance position at the entrance x, y x, y •position at the focal plane position at the focal plane X, YX, Y•time of flight time of flight TOF TOF•energy energy DE, EDE, E

A physical event is composed by the A physical event is composed by the parameters:parameters:

•position at the entrance position at the entrance x, y x, y •position at the focal plane position at the focal plane X, YX, Y•time of flight time of flight TOF TOF•energy energy DE, EDE, E

PRISMA spectrometer – trajectory PRISMA spectrometer – trajectory reconstruction reconstruction

PRISMA spectrometer – trajectory PRISMA spectrometer – trajectory reconstruction reconstruction

Page 49: Activity at LNL and SPES

54Cr

58Fe

50Timos

t neu

tron-

rich

stab

le

isoto

pes

L.Corradi et al, Phys.Rev.C59(1999)261

possibility to make spectroscopic studies of neutron rich nuclei moderately far from stability

Population of neutron rich Population of neutron rich nuclei nuclei

Population of neutron rich Population of neutron rich nuclei nuclei

6464Ni+Ni+238238U at EU at Elablab=390 =390 MeVMeV

6464Ni+Ni+238238U at EU at Elablab=390 =390 MeVMeV

Page 50: Activity at LNL and SPES

multinucleon multinucleon transfer :transfer :experiment vs. experiment vs. theory theory

multinucleon multinucleon transfer :transfer :experiment vs. experiment vs. theory theory

data : LNL

theory : GRAZING code and CWKB

L.Corradi et al,

J.Phys.G36(2009)113101 (Topical Review)

Page 51: Activity at LNL and SPES

PRISMA

beam direction

20o

94,96Zr 40Ca

Detection of (light) target like ions in inverse kinematics with Detection of (light) target like ions in inverse kinematics with PRISMA PRISMA

Detection of (light) target like ions in inverse kinematics with Detection of (light) target like ions in inverse kinematics with PRISMA PRISMA

MNT channels have been measured down to 25 % below the Coulomb barrier

L.Corradi et al, LNL exp. March 2009

Prisma acceptance

Page 52: Activity at LNL and SPES

C.L.Jiang et al., PRC57(1998)2393

Detection of (light) target like ions in inverse kinematics with Detection of (light) target like ions in inverse kinematics with spectrographsspectrographs

Detection of (light) target like ions in inverse kinematics with Detection of (light) target like ions in inverse kinematics with spectrographsspectrographs

Split Pole

beam direction

> 10o 124Sn 58Ni

H.Esbensen et al., PRC57(1998)2401

successive+direct pair transfer

lacking of data for +2n in the deep sub-barrier region

RMS data

+1n

+2n

+3n

Page 53: Activity at LNL and SPES

Comparison between experimental and theoretical (Grazing) Comparison between experimental and theoretical (Grazing) calculationscalculations

Comparison between experimental and theoretical (Grazing) Comparison between experimental and theoretical (Grazing) calculationscalculations

+1n

+2n

Page 54: Activity at LNL and SPES

Cr (-4p)

Softness in Cr and Fe isotopes populated in Softness in Cr and Fe isotopes populated in 6464Ni+Ni+238238U at U at EElablab=404 MeV=404 MeV

Softness in Cr and Fe isotopes populated in Softness in Cr and Fe isotopes populated in 6464Ni+Ni+238238U at U at EElablab=404 MeV=404 MeV

gating on mass

2+→0+

2+→0+

2+→0+

2+→0+

4+→2+

4+→2+

4+→2+

4+→2+

N.Marginean et al., Phys. Lett. B 633(2006)696

S.Lunardi et al., Phys. Rev. C 76(2007)034303

Fe (-2p)

Page 55: Activity at LNL and SPES

A schematic view of fusion A schematic view of fusion reactionsreactions

A schematic view of fusion A schematic view of fusion reactionsreactions

E

σ

E E

σ σ

rrr

V V V

E << Eb E ~ Eb E > Eb

- σ steep fall off - fusion “hindrance” - CC effects

nb - µb

µb - mb ~ mb

- structure of VN at r < rB

- connection with astrophysics

- D(B) from fusion and QE processes

- connection with QF, MNT, DIC, BU

- connection with surface vibrations

and transfer

- σ fusion < σ capture

Page 56: Activity at LNL and SPES

Parity non conservation in atoms : a test of the Standard Parity non conservation in atoms : a test of the Standard Model Model

Parity non conservation in atoms : a test of the Standard Parity non conservation in atoms : a test of the Standard Model Model

Precision tests of the SM at low momentum

transfer

complementary information obtained from atomic PNC and high energy electron-nucleon scattering

experiments

constraints on relevant new physics below certain mass scales

Page 57: Activity at LNL and SPES

Parity non conservation in atoms : a test of the standard Parity non conservation in atoms : a test of the standard modelmodel

Parity non conservation in atoms : a test of the standard Parity non conservation in atoms : a test of the standard modelmodel

important to pursue experimental work on chain

of isotopes

parity violation in specific atomic transitions

nuclear anapole moment

permanent electric dipole moment (time reversal

symmetry violation)

with with 133133Cs reached precision Cs reached precision below 1% below 1%

with with 133133Cs reached precision Cs reached precision below 1% below 1%

with radioactive with radioactive beams beams

with radioactive with radioactive beams beams

Francium is the heaviest alkali, has a simple

electronic structure and has enhanced P and T violation

effects