ACT II

Figurative Language: Metaphor, Extended Metaphor, Simile, Imagery, Paradox and Personification

AGENDA Bell Ringer Notes: Figurative Language Group Analysis: “Annabel Lee” Analytical Essay Outline (Group) Individual Analysis: “If We Must Die” Analytical Essay Outline (Individual)

Learning Targets:

I can identify how precise word choice, phrasing, and figurative language convey a vivid picture of the experiences and contribute to theme.

I can effectively write an essay using evidence as support that analyzes how the author’s use of figurative language develops the theme of a literary work.

BELL RINGER “An unhappy alternative is before you, Elizabeth. From this day you must be a stranger to one of your parents. Your mother will never see you again if you do not marry Mr. Collins, and I will never see you again if you do.”

Pride and Prejudice

1.What is the conflict (internal or external)?

2.What type of conflict is it (man vs. man, man vs. society, man vs. nature/fate, man vs. self)

Be prepared to defend your answer.

GROUP DISCUSSION

“Cause baby, you're a fireworkCome on, show 'em what you're worth

Make 'em go "oh, oh, oh!"As you shoot across the sky-y-y 

Baby, you're a fireworkCome on, let your colors burst

Make 'em go "oh, oh, oh!” You're gonna leave 'em going “oh, oh, oh!”

What is this author trying to say? How do we know?

THEME

Theme is the central idea or message the author is trying to convey to the reader. This will often connect the story to a more global image or larger idea.

What was the theme of To Kill a Mockingbird?

METAPHOR

Figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily means one thing is used to describe another, this will make a comparison of two things that would normally not be associated.

Looks like a girl, but she's a flameSo bright, she can burn your eyes

Better look the other way

METAPHOR“Naturally” by Selena Gomez

You are the thunder and I am the lightning

And I love the way you

Know who you are and to me it's exciting

When you know it's meant to be

Identify one metaphor in “Naturally”.

“One Thing” by One Direction

Shot me out of the skyYou're my kryptoniteYou keep making me weakYeah, frozen and can't breathe

Identify one metaphor in “One Thing”

EXTENDED METAPHOR

A metaphor that is introduced in a work and farther developed over the the entire part of the literary work.

EXTENDED METAPHOR What is the extended metaphor in “Stereo Hearts”? What

makes it extended? Find 4 specific lyrics throughout the song to show how it is an extended metaphor.

Why might the artist choose this specific metaphor? How does the extended metaphor contribute to theme?

SIMILE

A figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind using the words like or as.

YOU'RE A MEAN ONE, MR. GRINCH You’re a mean one Mr. Grinch

You really are a heel.You're as cuddly as a cactus,And as charming as an eel,Mr. Grinch!You're a bad banana,With a greasy black peel!You're a monster, Mr. Grinch!Your heart's an empty hole.Your brain is full of spiders.You've got garlic in your soul,Mr. Grinch!I wouldn't touch youWith a thirty-nine-and-a-half foot pole!

Write down TWO similes. What tone is created?

IMAGERY Vivid descriptive language that appeals to one or more the the

senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste) Use the lyrics from Disney’s “Under the Sea” on the back of your

notes. Underline as many examples of imagery as you can.

PARADOX

A paradox is a statement which at first glance, appears to be contradictory, but on further reading, it seems to contain an element of truth.

Examples: “You’ve got to be cruel to be kind” This is the beginning of the end.

PARADOX What is the paradox in this video?

PERSONIFICATION

Man on bench- “It was a bullet, wasn’t it? That jumped up and bit you?”

Forrest Gump- “Yes, sir, bit me directly in the buttocks.”

Personification is when you assign human or living qualities to something that isn’t human or alive. (Literally, to personify something is to make it “like a person”)

POETRY PRACTICE: “Annabel Lee” by Edgar Allan PoeBackgroundEdgar Allan Poe most likely based is poem “Annabel Lee” on his real-life bride, who died in her early twenties from tuberculosis. Poe and his wife, Virginia Clemm, were married when she was only 13 years old. They had a happy marriage until Virginia’s death.

What else have we read by Poe?

“ANNABEL LEE”

Annotate individually the poem “Annabel Lee” by Edgar Allan Poe for examples of the following. Then, identify the theme. Metaphor Simile Imagery Paradox Personification

All may not be present, but keep an eye out for as many examples as possible.

WRITING TASK: Now that we have annotated “Annabel Lee” for:

Theme Metaphor Simile Imagery Paradox Personification

we are ready for the writing task:

Write an essay (into/ thesis, TWO body paragraphs, concluding sentence) in which you explain how the author’s use of figurative language helps develop the theme of the poem.

SAMPLE BODY PARAGRAPHPoe uses imagery to convey the theme that true

love can not be separated in his poem “Annabel Lee”. For example, the lines “And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes/Of the beautiful Annabel Lee/ And so all the night-tide, I lie down by the side/ Of my darling – my darling – my life and my bride/ In the sepulchre there by the sea,” create the image of Annabel Lee’s lover sleeping each night by her tomb. The use of imagery supports the theme of “Annabel Lee” because it creates a lasting image in the mind of the reader of a lover continuing to stay with his dead bride each and every night; their love is strong enough to be evidenced even after death. In this way, Poe uses imagery to convey his theme that true love can never be separated.

Poetry Analysis Individual Practice: “If We Must Die” by Claude McKayBackground: Claude McKay, is a twentieth century poet that inspired many popular black poets, like Langston Hughes.

McKay wrote reactionary poetry protesting the treatment of black citizens in America in the twentieth century. “If We Must Die” is an example of one of these poems.

If you were a poet, what are some issues in your community that you would react to?

Poetry Analysis Individual Practice: “Those Winter Sundays”

On your individual sheet, annotate “Those Winter Sundays” for examples of figurative language (Theme, Metaphor, Simile, Imagery, Paradox, Personification).

After annotating, fill out INDIVIDUALLY your essay outline according the following WRITING TASK:

Write an essay (introduction, TWO body paragraphs, conclusion) in which you explain how the author’s use of figurative language helps develop the theme of the poem.

Poetry Analysis Individual Practice: “If We Must Die” by Claude McKay

On your individual sheet, annotate “If We Must Die” for examples of figurative language (Theme, Metaphor, Simile, Imagery, Paradox, Personification).

After annotating, fill out INDIVIDUALLY your essay outline according the following WRITING TASK:

Write an essay (introduction, TWO body paragraphs, conclusion) in which you explain how the author’s use of figurative language helps develop the theme of the poem.

HOMEWORK AND REFLECTION

Finish your outline tonight for homework and bring it to class on Thursday.

Reflection:

On your own sheet of paper, answer the following questions:

1.On a scale from 0-10 ( 0 = HELP ME, 10 = LET ME TEACH IT), how confident do you feel about Constructed Response essays? Explain your answer.

a. What is easiest part? What is the hardest part? Answer in complete sentences.

2. How do you want to practice using figurative language to help you better understand the different types of figurative language and how they contributes to theme and purpose? (ie. group activities constructing sentences using figurative language, interactive examples, real-world movie and song examples, more purpose/theme practice, Romeo and Juliet figurative language scavenger hunt)