aci 440.5 r 2008 specification-for-construction-with-frp bars (2)

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ACI 440.5-08 Reported by ACI Committee 440 Specification for Construction with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcing Bars An ACI Standard

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ACI 440.5 R 2008 Specification-For-Construction-With-FRP Bars (2)

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  • ACI 440.5-08

    Reported by ACI Committee 440

    Specification for Constructionwith Fiber-Reinforced Polymer

    Reinforcing BarsAn ACI Standard

  • Specification for Construction with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcing Bars

    First PrintingJuly 2008

    ISBN 978-0-87031-286-1

    American Concrete InstituteAdvancing concrete knowledge

    Copyright by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. All rights reserved. This materialmay not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or otherdistribution and storage media, without the written consent of ACI.

    The technical committees responsible for ACI committee reports and standards strive to avoid ambiguities,omissions, and errors in these documents. In spite of these efforts, the users of ACI documents occasionallyfind information or requirements that may be subject to more than one interpretation or may beincomplete or incorrect. Users who have suggestions for the improvement of ACI documents arerequested to contact ACI. Proper use of this document includes periodically checking for errata atwww.concrete.org/committees/errata.asp for the most up-to-date revisions.

    ACI committee documents are intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate thesignificance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsibility for theapplication of the material it contains. Individuals who use this publication in any way assume all risk andaccept total responsibility for the application and use of this information.

    All information in this publication is provided as is without warranty of any kind, either express or implied,including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose ornon-infringement.

    ACI and its members disclaim liability for damages of any kind, including any special, indirect, incidental,or consequential damages, including without limitation, lost revenues or lost profits, which may resultfrom the use of this publication.

    It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish health and safety practices appropriate tothe specific circumstances involved with its use. ACI does not make any representations with regard tohealth and safety issues and the use of this document. The user must determine the applicability of allregulatory limitations before applying the document and must comply with all applicable laws and regulations,including but not limited to, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) healthand safety standards.

    Order information: ACI documents are available in print, by download, on CD-ROM, through electronicsubscription, or reprint and may be obtained by contacting ACI.

    Most ACI standards and committee reports are gathered together in the annually revised ACI Manual ofConcrete Practice (MCP).

    American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DriveFarmington Hills, MI 48331U.S.A.Phone: 248-848-3700Fax: 248-848-3701

    www.concrete.org

  • ISpecification for ConstrucPolymer Rein

    An ACI S

    Reported by AC

    Tarek Alkhrdaji Russell GentryCharles E. Bakis Janos Gergely

    Lawrence C. Bank* William J. GoldAbdeldjelil Belarbi Nabil F. Grace

    John P. BuselChair 440

    This Reference Specification covers construction using fiber-reinforcedpolymer reinforcing bars that the Architect/Engineer can make applicableto any construction project by citing it in the Project Specifications. TheArchitect/Engineer supplements the provisions of this Reference Specificationas needed by designating or specifying individual project requirements.

    Keywords: concrete; concrete construction; fiber-reinforced polymerreinforcement; placing; specification; tolerance.

    NOTE TO SPECIFIERThis Specification is incorporated by reference in the

    Project Specification using the wording in P3 of the Prefaceand including information from the Mandatory Requirements,Optional Requirements, and Submittals Checklistsfollowing the Specifications.

    PREFACEP1. ACI Specification 440.5-08 is intended to be used by

    reference or incorporation in its entirety in the ProjectSpecification. Do not copy individual Parts, Sections, Articles,or Paragraphs into the Project Specification, because takingthem out of context may change their meaning.

    Brahim Benmokrane Mark F. GreenLuke A. Bisby Zareh B. Gregorian

    Gregg J. Blaszak Doug D. Gremel*

    Timothy E. Bradberry* Shawn P. GrossGordon L. Brown Jr. H. R. (Trey) Hamilton III

    Vicki L. Brown Issam E. HarikRaafat El-Hacha Kent A. HarriesGarth J. Fallis* Mark P. Henderson*

    Amir Z. Fam Bohdan N. HoreczkoEdward R. Fyfe Vistasp M. Karbhari

    *Contributing authors.Task group Chair.The committee also thanks Nick Carino, Bernard Drouin, and Renato Parretti for ttion with Fiber-Reinforced forcing Barstandard

    Committee 440

    ACI 440.5-08

    James G. Korff Andrea ProtaMichael W. Lee Hayder A. Rasheed

    Maria Lopez de Murphy Sami H. RizkallaIbrahim M. Mahfouz Morris Schupack

    Carol K. Shield*SecretaryACI 440.5-08 was adopted April 30, 2008, and published June 2008.Copyright 2008, American Concrete Institute.All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by any

    means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic ormechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproductionor for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in writingis obtained from the copyright proprietors.

    .5-1

    P2. If Sections or Parts of ACI Specification 440.5-08 arecopied into the Project Specification or any other document,do not refer to them as an ACI Specification, because thespecification has been altered.

    P3. A statement such as the following will serve to makeACI Specification 440.5-08 a part of the Project Specification:Work on (Project Title) shall conform to all requirements ofACI 440.5-08, Specification for Construction with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcing Bars, published by theAmerican Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan,except as modified by these Contract Documents.

    P4. Each technical Section of ACI Specification 440.5-08is written in the three-part Section format of the ConstructionSpecifications Institute, as adapted for ACI requirements.The language is imperative and terse.

    Orange S. Marshall Rajan SenAmir Mirmiran Khaled A. Soudki

    Ayman S. Mosallam Samuel A. Steere III*

    John J. Myers Gamil S. TadrosAntonio Nanni Jay A. ThomasKenneth Neale Houssam A. Toutanji

    John P. Newhook J. Gustavo TumialanAyman M. Okeil Milan VatovecCarlos E. Ospina* Stephanie L. Walkup

    Max L. Porter David White

    heir contributions.

  • 440.5-2 ACI STA

    P5. The Specification is written to the Contractor. When aprovision of this Specification requires action by theContractor, the verb shall is used. If the Contractor isallowed to exercise an option when limited alternatives areavailable, the phrasing either...or... is used. Statementsprovided in the Specification as information to the Contractoruse the verbs may or will. Informational statementstypically identify activities or options that will be taken ormay be taken by the Owner or Architect/Engineer.

    CONTENTSPreface, p. 440.5-1

    Part 1General, p. 440.5-21.1Scope1.2Definitions1.3Reference standards1.4Submittals1.5Materials delivery, storage, and handling

    Part 2Products, p. 440.5-22.1Materials2.2Fabrication

    Part 3Execution, p. 440.5-33.1Preparation3.2Bar placement3.3Repair of fiber-reinforced polymer bars3.4Field cutting of fiber-reinforced polymer reinforcement3.5Concrete placement

    Foreword to checklists, p. 440.5-5

    Mandatory requirements checklist, p. 440.5-5

    Optional requirements checklist, p. 440.5-5

    Submittals checklist, p. 440.5-5

    PART 1GENERAL1.1Scope

    1.1.1 Work specifiedThis Specification covers cast-in-place structural concrete reinforced with fiber-reinforcedpolymer (FRP) bars except where other provisions arespecified in the Contract Documents.

    1.1.2 Work not specifiedThe subjects covered by ACI301 are not in the scope of this Specification.

    1.2Definitionsacceptable or accepteddetermined to be satisfactory by

    the Architect/Engineer.acceptanceacknowledgment by Architect/Engineer

    that submittal or completed work is acceptable.Architect/Engineerthe architect, engineer, architectural

    firm, or engineering firm issuing Contract Documents oradministering the Work under Contract Documents, or both.

    dielectrica substance, such as porcelain, glass, andmost plastics, that is a poor conductor of electricity but an

    efficient supporter of electrostatic fields.1.5.2 When handling FRP reinforcement, use equipmentthat avoids damaging or abrading the FRP bar. Lift bundlesof FRP reinforcement at multiple pickup points. Do not dropor drag FRP reinforcement.

    1.5.3 FRP reinforcing bars shall be stored above thesurface of the ground on platforms, skids, or other supportsas close as possible to the point of placement. If storedoutdoors for more than 4 months, the FRP reinforcing barsshall be covered with opaque plastic or other types of coverthat protect the bars from ultraviolet rays.

    1.5.4 Prevent exposure of FRP reinforcing bars totemperatures above 120 F during storage.

    PART 2PRODUCTS2.1Materials

    2.1.1 FRP reinforcing barsFRP reinforcement shall bedeformed, sand coated, or both to provide bond with1.5.1 Prevent bending, coating with earth, oil, or otherdescribed in 2.1.3.1.4.2 FRP reinforcement relocationWhen alternatives

    are proposed, submit a request to relocate any FRP reinforce-ment that exceeds specified placement tolerances. Includenew arrangement of reinforcement and justification for newarrangement.

    1.4.3 Inspection and quality controlSubmit qualityassurance/quality control program of plant manufacturingFRP reinforcement unless otherwise specified.1.5Materials delivery, storage, and handlingturers certified test report.1.4.1.2 Placing drawingsSubmit placing drawings

    showing fabrication dimensions and placement locations ofFRP reinforcement and reinforcement supports.

    1.4.1.3 SplicesSubmit a list of splices and request touse splices not indicated in Contract Documents.

    1.4.1.4 SupportsSubmit description of reinforcementsupports and materials for fastening reinforcement notmaterial, or otherwise damaging the FRP reinforcement.NDARD

    1.3Reference standards1.3.1 Reference standardsStandards of ACI referred to

    in this Specification are listed with serial designationincluding year of adoption or revision, and are part of thisSpecification.

    1.3.1.1 ACI standards117-06 Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete

    Construction and Materials301-05 Specifications for Structural Concrete440.6-08 Specification for Carbon and Glass Fiber-Reinforced

    Polymer (FRP) Bar Materials for ConcreteReinforcement

    1.4SubmittalsUnless otherwise required by Contract Documents, submit

    data and drawings specified in 1.4.1 through 1.4.3 for reviewand acceptance before fabrication and execution:

    1.4.1 Submit the data specified in 1.4.1.1 through 1.4.1.4unless otherwise specified:

    1.4.1.1 FRP reinforcementSubmit FRP bar manufac-concrete unless otherwise stated in the Contract Documents.

  • IOment arrangement for approval.3.2.3 Concrete coverUnless otherwise specified,

    concrete cover for FRP reinforcement shall be as indicated inas shown on the Project Drawings. Unless otherwise specifiedTable 3.1. Table 3.1 reports specified concrete cover require-ments for FRP reinforcement for all exposure conditionsexcept those required for additional fire protection. Forbundled FRP bars, specified concrete cover shall be equal tothe equivalent diameter of the bundle, but need not be greaterthan 2 in., except the specified cover shall not be less thanindicated in Table 3.1. The equivalent diameter of the bundleshall be computed based on the total area of the bundle.Tolerances on specified concrete cover shall meet therequirements of ACI 117.

    3.2.4 FRP reinforcement supportsUnless otherwisepermitted, use the reinforcement supports as given in 3.2.4.13.2Bar placement3.2.1 TolerancesPlace, support, and fasten FRP rein-

    forcement as shown on the Project Drawings. Do not exceedthe placing tolerances specified in ACI 117 before concreteis placed. Placing tolerances shall not reduce cover require-ments except as specified in ACI 117.

    3.2.2 FRP reinforcement relocationWhen it is necessaryto move FRP reinforcement beyond the specified placingtolerances to avoid interference with other reinforcement,conduits, or embedded items, submit the resulting reinforce-Specification.2.1.3 FRP reinforcement supportsUse reinforcement

    supports made of dielectric material or, if ferrous, coatedwith dielectric material, including epoxy or another polymer.

    2.1.4 Precast concrete reinforcement supportsUseconcrete supports that have a surface area of not less than 4 in.2and a compressive strength and durability properties equal toor greater than the specified compressive strength of theconcrete being placed.

    2.2Fabrication2.2.1 FRP reinforcementNo field fabrication is

    permitted except tying of FRP reinforcing bars, field cuttingin accordance with the design or placement drawings, orboth. Field cutting shall be performed as described in 3.4.

    PART 3EXECUTION3.1Preparation

    3.1.1 When concrete is placed, FRP reinforcement shall befree of materials deleterious to mechanical bond.through 3.2.4.7.nized, coated with dielectric material, or made of dielectricmaterial (including FRP) to support FRP reinforcement.

    3.2.4.3 Reinforcement and embedded steel items usedwith FRP reinforcement shall be zinc-coated (galvanized) orcoated with nonmetallic materials, or stainless steel or stain-less steel clad. In the case of carbon FRP (CFRP) bars, zinccoatings, stainless steel, or stainless steel clad shall not beused in direct contact with CFRP bars.

    3.2.4.4 Use steel wires or dowels coated with dielectricmaterial or stainless steel when precast concrete reinforce-ment supports with embedded steel tie wires or dowels areused with FRP reinforcement.

    3.2.4.5 Reinforcement used as supports for FRP rein-forcement shall be epoxy-coated or made of FRP.

    3.2.4.6 In walls, use spreader bars that are epoxy-coatedsteel or made of FRP. Proprietary combination bar clips andspreaders used in walls with FRP reinforcement shall be madeof corrosion-resistant material or coated with dielectric material.

    3.2.4.7 Tie wire shall be plastic- or polymer-coated wire.For applications requiring complete electromagneticneutrality, glass FRP (GFRP) bars shall be tied in place usingnylon or plastic wire (zip) ties. Alternatively, thermoplasticinjection molded clips are permitted.

    3.2.5 Mat reinforcementFor slabs-on-ground, extendFRP mat reinforcement to within 2 in. of the concrete edge.Lap splice edges and ends of FRP mat reinforcement sheetsSPECIFICATION FOR CONSTRUCT

    FRP reinforcement shall be the types and sizes required byContract Documents and shall conform to ACI 440.6-08.

    2.1.1.1 Permitted damageThe maximum totalunrepaired visible damage permitted on each linear foot ofeach FRP bar shall not exceed 2% of the surface area in thatlinear foot of bar. The depth of the permissible damage shallnot exceed 0.04 in.

    2.1.2 Grids and gratingsPremanufactured grids andgratings are not covered by this Specification. Mat reinforce-ment made of preassembled FRP bars is covered by thisN WITH FRP REINFORCING BARS 440.5-3

    3.2.4.1 Use precast concrete reinforcement supports tosupport reinforcement from the ground or a mud mat.

    3.2.4.2 Use wire reinforcement supports that are galva-

    Table 3.1Concrete cover requirements for FRP reinforcement

    Specified cover, in.Slabs and joists

    Top and bottom barsNo. 10 bars and smaller 3/4

    Formed concrete surfaces exposed to earth and for bottoms bearing on work mat, or slabs supporting earth cover

    No. 5 bars and smaller 1-1/2No. 6 through 10 bars 2

    Beams, formedStirrups, spirals, and ties 1-1/2Primary reinforcement 2

    Exposed to earthStirrups and ties 2Primary reinforcement 2-1/2

    WallsNo. 10 bars and smaller 3/4Formed concrete surfaces exposed to earth or in contact with ground 2

    Footings and base slabsAt formed surfaces and bottoms bearing on concrete work mat 2

    At unformed surfaces and bottoms in contact with earth 3

    Top of footings Same as slabsOver top of piles 2or permitted, do not extend FRP mat reinforcement through

  • 440.5-4 ACI STANDARD

    contraction joints. Support FRP mat reinforcement duringplacing of concrete to maintain specified elevation in theslab. Do not place FRP mat reinforcement on grade andsubsequently raise into position in concrete.

    3.2.6 SplicesForm lap splices as indicated on the ProjectDrawings. Mechanical splices for FRP reinforcement are notpermitted.

    3.2.7 Field bending or straighteningIf the plans requirebent FRP bars, the bends shall be incorporated during barmanufacture. Field bending or straightening of FRP bars arenot permitted.

    3.2.8 Factory-formed bendsMinimum inside bend radiishall conform to the requirements of Table 3.2. In addition,the beginning of the bend shall not be closer to the concretesurface than the minimum diameter of the bend.

    3.2.9 FRP reinforcement through expansion jointDonot continue FRP reinforcement or other embedded FRPitems bonded to concrete through expansion joints. FRPdowels that extend through a joint or waterstop shall beunbonded or bonded to only one side of a joint or waterstop.

    3.3Repair of fiber-reinforced polymer bars3.3.1 Damage to an FRP bar resulting in visible fibers

    (other than at cut ends) or a cut or defect greater than 0.04 in.deep shall be cause for rejection of a bar. Visible damage tothe FRP bars exceeding 2% of surface area per foot of barand not resulting in rejection by the Architect/Engineer shallbe repaired. The remedy for a damaged FRP bar shall be tolap splice a new FRP bar adjacent to the damaged portionwith the appropriate lap length on either side of the damage.

    3.4Field cutting of fiber-reinforced polymer reinforcement

    3.4.1 Field cut FRP reinforcement only when specificallypermitted using cutting methods specified by or acceptableto the Architect/Engineer. When FRP reinforcing bars arecut in the field, shear cutting is not permitted.

    3.4.2 Cut ends shall be sealed if required by the FRP barmanufacturer or the Architect/Engineer, and all surfacedamage due to cutting shall be inspected by the Architect/Engineer and repaired.

    3.5Concrete placementIf FRP reinforcement is not adequately supported or tied to

    resist settlement, floating upward, or movement in any directionduring concrete placement, concrete placement shall behalted until corrective measures are taken.

    Table 3.2Minimum radius of prefabricated bendsFRP bar size Minimum inside bend diameter

    No. 3 through 8 Three bar diametersNo. 9 and 10 Four bar diameters

  • SPECIFICATION FOR CONSTRUCTION WITH FRP REINFORCING BARS 440.5-5

    i

    n

    pSection/Part/Article Notes to Specifier1.4.1.1 FRP reinforcement

    FPR bar manufacturers certified test report.

    1.4.1.2 Placing drawings

    Placing drawings showing fabrication dimenssupports.

    1.4.1.3 Splices A list of splices and request to use splices not1.4.1.4 Supports Description of reinforcement supports and ma1.4.2 and 3.2.2 FRP reinforcement relocation

    Reinforcement arrangement when it is nectolerances to avoid interference with other rei

    1.4.3 Inspection and quality control

    Quality assurance/quality control program ofons and placement locations of FRP reinforcement and reinforcement

    indicated in Contract Documents.terials for fastening reinforcement.essary to move FRP reinforcement beyond the specified placingforcement, conduits, or embedded items.

    lant manufacturing FRP reinforcement.FOREWORD TO CHECKLISTSF1. This Foreword is included for explanatory purposes

    only; it does not form a part of ACI Specification 440.5-08.F2. ACI Specification 440.5-08 may be referenced by the

    Specifier in the Project Specification for any buildingproject, together with supplementary requirements for thespecific project. Responsibilities for project participantsmust be defined in the Project Specification. The ACISpecification cannot and does not address responsibilitiesfor any project participant other than the Contractor.

    F3. Checklists do not form a part of ACI Specification440.5-08. Checklists assist the Specifier in selecting andspecifying project requirements in the Project Specification.

    F4. The Specifier shall make adjustments to the needs of aparticular project by reviewing each of the items in thechecklists and including the items the Specifier selects asmandatory requirements in the Project Specification.

    F5. The Mandatory Requirements Checklist indicateswork requirements regarding specific qualities, procedures,materials, and performance criteria that are not defined inACI Specification 440.5-08.

    F6. The Optional Requirements Checklist identifies Specifierchoices and alternatives. The checklists identify theSections, Parts, and Articles of the Reference Specificationand the action required or available to the Specifier.

    F7. The Submittal Checklist identifies Specifier choicesfor information or data to be provided by the Contractorbefore, during, or after construction.

    MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST

    Section/Part/Article Notes to Specifier2.1.1 FRP reinforcing bars

    State in the Contract Documents where the use of FRP reinforcing bars is required. State the types and sizes of FRP bars.

    3.4 Field cutting of fiber-reinforced polymer reinforcement

    Specify the permitted method of cutting FRP bars. Acceptable methods include cutting with high-speed grinder orcircular blade saw. Carborundum or diamond blades are preferred.

    OPTIONAL REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST

    Section/Part/Article Notes to Specifier1.4 Submittals Specify which items, if any, listed in 1.4.1 through 1.4.3 are not required to be submitted.2.1.1 FRP reinforcing bars

    Specify where FRP reinforcement shall not be deformed or sand coated. Smooth FRP bars should be used as dowelswhere the intent is to transfer shear force while allowing bar sliding.

    3.2.3 Concrete cover Specify where concrete cover for FRP reinforcement shall be different from the values specified in Table 3.1.3.2.4 FRP reinforcement supports

    Specify permitted reinforcement supports other than those listed in 3.2.4.1 through 3.2.4.7.

    3.2.5 Mat reinforcement

    Specify where FRP mat reinforcement is permitted to extend through a contraction joint.

    SUBMITTALS CHECKLIST

  • As ACI begins its second century of advancing concrete knowledge, its original chartered purposeremains to provide a comradeship in finding the best ways to do concrete work of all kinds and inspreading knowledge. In keeping with this purpose, ACI supports the following activities:

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    American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DriveFarmington Hills, MI 48331U.S.A.Phone: 248-848-3700Fax: 248-848-3701

    www.concrete.org

    American Concrete InstituteAdvancing concrete knowledge

  • The AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE

    was founded in 1904 as a nonprofit membership organization dedicated to publicservice and representing the user interest in the field of concrete. ACI gathers anddistributes information on the improvement of design, construction andmaintenance of concrete products and structures. The work of ACI is conducted byindividual ACI members and through volunteer committees composed of bothmembers and non-members.

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    www.concrete.org

    Specification for Construction with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcing Bars

    American Concrete InstituteAdvancing concrete knowledge