Accounting Determination and

Automatic Postings

Slide 2

Lecture Overview Automated postings (GR / IR)

Slide 3

Automated Postings (Intro) There are many places in the SAP

system where automatic account determination and subsequent automatic postings are performed

All of this is configured through the IMG You create a set of posting rules for a

particular subsystem

Slide 4

Automated Material Postings When we receive or consume materials (goods

receipt / goods issue) the transaction is automatically posted to various inventory and other accounts

This happens through a rule-based assignment process

There are rules used to value materials There are rules used to assign G/L accounts to

certain types of transactions We call these automated postings

Slide 5

Automated Material Postings IMG transactions to define material

valuation

Slide 6

Valuation Area and Group (1) Remember that an SAP valuation area

is either a plant or company (plant / company valuation) Global Bike uses plant-level valuation as

most do

Slide 7

Valuation Area and Group (2) A valuation group is used to optionally

support different account determination rules between plants Materials in different plants by assigning

plants to different valuation groups Different plants can record goods

movements to different inventory accounts Global Bike uses one valuation grouping

code so one group of G/L accounts is shared by all plants

Slide 8

Valuation Area and Group (3) Valuation grouping can be enabled or

disabled Transaction code OMWM enables or

disables valuation grouping

Slide 9

Valuation Area and Group (4) IMG: Materials Management -> Valuation and

Account Assignment -> Account Determination -> Account Determination Without Wizard -> Group Together Valuation Areas (OMWD)

Slide 10

Valuation Class and Account Category Reference (1) Remember that a valuation class is used to

determine the G/L account updated resulting from a material-relevant transaction

A valuation class also belongs to an account category

And the account category links the valuation class with the material type

Slide 11

Account Category Reference This is the link between valuation classes and

material types Materials Management -> Valuation and

Account Assignment -> Account Determination -> Account Determination Without Wizard -> Define Valuation Classes (OMSK)

Slide 12

Valuation Classes A valuation class belongs to an account

categoryreference andmaterials havea valuationclass

Slide 13

Valuation Classes and Material If I create a raw material (Create

Special) I can only select those valuation classes for ARef 0001

Slide 14

Material type / Account Category Reference Raw materials belong to the account

category reference 0001

Slide 15

Summary The material type Raw Materials (ROH)

belongs to the Account Reference Raw Materials Reference (0001)

Valuation classes 0710, 7020, 3000,3001,3002,3003 belong to Aref (0001)

Slide 16

IllustrationAccount

Reference

Valuation Class

MaterialType

Slide 17

PART 2 AND NOW FOR THE TRANSACTIONAL

PART OF AUTOMATIC POSTINGS

Slide 18

Configuring Automatic Postings Invoice verification and inventory

management transactions are posted automatically to financial and cost accounting systems Materials belonging to a valuation class

have an associated ( automatically determined) inventory (G/L) account

Slide 19

Account Determination Company code determines the relevant chart

of accounts (GL00) for Global Bike Company code and plant determine the

valuation area and valuation group (discussed previously

Transaction key is determined from the goods movement type We connect the transaction key to G/L

account numbers here Material valuation class

Slide 20

Table T020 tells the story Global Bike uses the same valuation

grouping code for all plants (0001) Note how the different valuation classes

point to different accounts

Slide 21

Table T020 tells the story For transaction key BSX (Inventory Posting), valuation

class 3000 (Raw Materials) posts to G/L account 200000 (Inventory-Raw Materials)

For transaction key BSX (Inventory Posting) Valuation class 3100 (trading goods) posts to G/L account 200200 (trading goods

Slide 22

Transaction Keys Transaction keys play a pivotal role in

automatic postings These SAP predefined transaction keys

are used for various types of goods movements Transaction code BSX is used for all

posting to material stocks (goods receipt and goods issue)

Slide 23

Configure Automatic Postings Transaction keys are part of the

automatic posting process

Slide 24

Configure Automatic Postings Transaction keys are grouped by

function These apply to materials management Use transaction key BSX for inventory

postings

Slide 25

Configure Automatic Postings Transaction key BAX Association the various valuation

classes with specific accounts

Slide 26

Configure Automatic Postings Rules determine how the accounting

determination is performed Based on valuation class in this case

Slide 27

Configure Automatic Postings A posting key determines

Valid account types Whether the posting is a debit or credit

posting Layout of entry screens (we are not

concerned with screen layout here Posting keys are defined at the client level SAP delivers a number of predefined

posting keys

Slide 28

Configure Automatic Postings SAP predefined posting keys

Slide 29

Configure Automatic Postings Posting keys for transaction key BSX

Posting key 89 is for stock inward movement

Posting key 90 is for stock outward movement