absolutism i

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Mercantilism Mercantilism paid for absolutism. paid for absolutism.

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Page 1: Absolutism I

MercantilismMercantilism paid for absolutism. paid for absolutism.

Page 2: Absolutism I

Types of Types of Government & LawGovernment & Law

Page 3: Absolutism I

1.1. Hammurabi CodeHammurabi Code

a.a. 11stst known set of known set of laws written down.laws written down.

b.b. ““Eye for an eye.”Eye for an eye.”

c.c. Harsh Harsh punishmentspunishments

Page 4: Absolutism I

2. Mandate of Heaven2. Mandate of Heaven

a.a. Chinese idea that Chinese idea that the emperor was the emperor was given the right to given the right to rule from the gods.rule from the gods.

b.b. Connected to idea Connected to idea of the Dynastic of the Dynastic Cycle- how ruling Cycle- how ruling families come to families come to and fall from powerand fall from power

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3. 3. Democracy Democracy

a.a. Citizens Citizens share power share power to make to make decisions by decisions by votingvoting

b.b. Originated in Originated in ancient ancient Athens, Athens, GreeceGreece

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4. Republic4. Republic

a.a. citizens elect representatives citizens elect representatives to make decision for them.to make decision for them.

b.b. Originated in ancient RomeOriginated in ancient Rome

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5. Justinian Code5. Justinian Code

a.a. Byzantine collection of lawsByzantine collection of laws

b.b. Preserves known law codes to later Preserves known law codes to later influence Western laws.influence Western laws.

Page 8: Absolutism I

The king and lords made The king and lords made decisions for all people.decisions for all people.

a.a. People owe allegiance People owe allegiance to their lordto their lord

b.b. Medieval Europe and Medieval Europe and Feudal Japan Feudal Japan

6.

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7. Absolutism7. Absolutism

a.a. An absolute An absolute monarch is a monarch is a king or queen king or queen with absolute with absolute power (total power (total control)control)

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B.B. The monarch The monarch would claim would claim divine rightdivine right – – the power to the power to rule came rule came from God.from God.

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I. Philip II of SpainI. Philip II of Spaina.a. Grandson of Grandson of

Ferdinand and Ferdinand and IsabellaIsabella

b.b. Hardworking Hardworking CatholicCatholic

c.c. Built the Escorial Built the Escorial Palace for royal Palace for royal familyfamily

d.d. Spain experienced Spain experienced “El Siglo de Oro”“El Siglo de Oro”

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II. Louis XIV of France II. Louis XIV of France

Becomes king at age Becomes king at age 5 in 1643. Cardinal 5 in 1643. Cardinal Mazarin ran France Mazarin ran France until Louis was 18.until Louis was 18.

Louis ruled France Louis ruled France for 72 years!for 72 years!

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Believed in divine rightBelieved in divine rightHe was called the “Sun King” The sun He was called the “Sun King” The sun

is a symbol of his power. He was the is a symbol of his power. He was the center of France like the sun is center center of France like the sun is center of the solar system.of the solar system.

““L’etat c’est moi” = “I am the state”L’etat c’est moi” = “I am the state”

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Built a beautiful palace at Versailles. Lived Built a beautiful palace at Versailles. Lived extravagantly. extravagantly.

Died in 1715 Died in 1715

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Louis XIVLouis XIV – The Sun King – The Sun King

Becomes king at age 5 in 1643. Cardinal Becomes king at age 5 in 1643. Cardinal Mazarin ran France until Louis was 18. Mazarin ran France until Louis was 18.

Louis ruled France for 72 years!Louis ruled France for 72 years!The Estates General didn’t meet from 1614-1789.The Estates General didn’t meet from 1614-1789.

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III. Peter the III. Peter the GreatGreat

of Russia of Russia (1682-1725)(1682-1725)

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Peter stood Peter stood about 6’8”. about 6’8”. He was a He was a very strong very strong laborer. laborer.

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Peter traveled Europe to study Peter traveled Europe to study technology - he brought back new ideas technology - he brought back new ideas to to modernize (Westernize)modernize (Westernize) Russia.. Russia..

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He moved Russia’s He moved Russia’s capital to capital to St. St. Petersburg.Petersburg. It It was a was a “Window “Window to the West.” to the West.”

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Peter had to fight Sweden to gain a piece of Peter had to fight Sweden to gain a piece of the Baltic coast.the Baltic coast.

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Peter improved education, setting up schools just Peter improved education, setting up schools just for math, science, and engineering.for math, science, and engineering.

Men and women had to dress in modern clothing, and Men and women had to dress in modern clothing, and were encouraged to socialize.were encouraged to socialize.

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He also improved He also improved canals and canals and developed mining developed mining and textile and textile manufacturing.manufacturing.

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Catherine Catherine the Great the Great of Russiaof Russia

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Catherine Catherine was a was a German German princess by princess by birth but took birth but took over Russia.over Russia.

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She continued Westernization and She continued Westernization and EnlightenmentEnlightenment ideas from Europe. ideas from Europe.

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She gained control of a She gained control of a warm-water port (a warm-water port (a trade port that can be used year-round b/c it trade port that can be used year-round b/c it doesn’t freeze) doesn’t freeze) for Russia.for Russia.