Above the Clouds

A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing

Goals of this paper• Introduce Cloud Computing(CC)• Clarify the terms• Provide a formula to make comparisions

on CC and Conventional Computing• Has answered questions like

– What is CC ?– How is is different from previous paradigm

such as SaaS ?– Why CC ?– What will you need to become a Cloud

Provider ?– What are the Obstacles in CC ?

Cloud Compuitng

• Old Concept• Long held dream has been emerged as a

Commercial reality• Something analogous to Semiconductor

fabrication line in Hardware industry• Confusing Term

Some terms in CC.

• Cloud: The datacenter hardware and software is what we call cloud.

• Public Cloud : Cloud made aviliable in a pay-as-you-go manner.

• Private Cloud : Referred to the internal datacenters of a business or other organiations that are not made aviliable to the public.

What is CC ?

• CC is referrred to both the application delivered as a service over the internet and the hardware and systems softwares in the datacenters that provide service.

• CC is something that allows deploying SaaS without building datacenter, it also allows scaling on demand.

Whats new in CC ?

• Give illusion that we have infinite amount of hardware resources.

• Allow to start small and increase the resources as the demand goes higher.

• Pay only for what you use.

Why Cloud Computing ??

• Elasticity

Why Cloud Computing ?

• Computer technologies are getting cheaper– BUT are we enjoying this with our traditional

technologies ?

How to decide to go for CC ?

• Calculate the following– For CC– For Normal Computing

• Go for the greater one

• Suppose, left side is greater so go for CC

Contd...

• Ensure for time too, not only for price

– Could have been done at cheaper price but time constraints may not permit us to do.

Who will be the CC provider and WHY ?• WHO ??

– Company with large datacenters and also a large scale software infrastructure and operational expertise to run them.

• WHY ??– Lucerative Business– Services in cheaper price

• BUT how ?– Keep your data center in countryside so that the taxes and

electricity is cheaper– PHYSICS says "Its easier to ship photones than electrones"

» Cheaper to ship electricity than to ship data

Contd...

Why Now, Why Not Then ?

• No need then...• So.. Why now ??

– New Technology Trend and Business Model• Paypal

– New Application Opportunities• Mobile Interactive application• Parallel Batch Processing etc

Obstacles in CC

• Avaliablility of a service• Data Lock-In• Data Confidentiality• Data Transfer Bottlnecks• Performance Unpredictability• Scalable Storage• Bugs in Large Scale Distributed Systems• Scaling Quickly• Reputation Fate Sharing• Software Liscensing

Obstacles-1

• Aviliability of a Service– Will our data and service be aviliable 24/7 ?

– This outwage might cost CC to loose its active and possible customers.

– Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS) attack

• Data Lock-In– Customer loose acces to their data– Linkup ,online storage service, shutdown on

2008 after loosing 45% of customer data

– Solutions• Dont go for the cheapest one• Standerize the API so that a Saas Developer can

deploy service and data across multiple cloud.

Obstacles-2

• Data Confidentiality and Auditability– "My sesitive data will never be in cloud"– Corporates might not like other country to

access their data– Encrypting data before placing it in the cloud.– Still the user might not know the laws of the

country where their data is located.– Amazon provides s3 services in two locations

• Europe and United States• Users can choose any location they want

Obstacles-3

Obstacle-4

• Data Transfer Bottlenecks– Need to transfer data of 10TB from ktm to pkh

•Send via network– Might require 4,000,000

seconds over 20MB/s transfer rate

– Its more than 45 days– Apart from time transfer

charge is also present

•Ship 10 TB data storage device

– Can be sent in 1 day time– Cheaper than transferring

data via network

Future of Cloud Computing

• New architecture of software for CC• Infrastructure Software• Hardware Systems

THANK YOU