WELCOMEWELCOME

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 1

A SINGLE-PHASE GRID-CONNECTED A SINGLE-PHASE GRID-CONNECTED FUEL CELL SYSTEM FUEL CELL SYSTEM

BASED ON A BOOST-INVERTERBASED ON A BOOST-INVERTER

ABHINAND.BNIDHEESH K PNIKHIL NARAYANAN KSUJITH KUMAR M

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 2

PROJECT GUIDE Mrs.RESHMI SR

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 3

AN ERA OF FUEL CELLS ! ! ! AN ERA OF FUEL CELLS ! ! !

ENERGY SCENARIO

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 4

ALTERNATIVES ? ?ALTERNATIVES ? ?

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 5

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 6

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 7

CASE STUDYCASE STUDYKPCL, KASARGODKPCL, KASARGOD

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 8

NTPC, KAYAMKULAMNTPC, KAYAMKULAM

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 9

WHAT IS A FUEL CELL?WHAT IS A FUEL CELL?• Generates electricity by chemical reaction

• Two electrodes anode and cathode

• Every fuel cells also has an electrolyte

• Hydrogen is the basic fuel, it also require oxygen

• Making power more efficiently and with less pollution

• Water is the only by product

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 10

PARTS OF A FUEL CELLPARTS OF A FUEL CELL

• Anode

• Cathode

• Electrolyte

• Catalyst

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 11

WORKING OF FUEL WORKING OF FUEL CELLCELL

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 12

IN DETAIL

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 13

PRODUCTIONPRODUCTION

Hydrogen can be produced from

• Fossil Fuels (currently 90% of 42 tons/year)

• Water

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 14

OTHER TYPES OF FUEL OTHER TYPES OF FUEL CELLSCELLS•Alkaline fuel cell (AFC)

•Phosphoric-acid fuel cell (PAFC)

•Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)

•Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC)

http://www.howstuffworks.com/fuel-cell.htm/printable6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 15

COMPARISONCOMPARISON

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 16

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 17

BLOCK DIAGRAMBLOCK DIAGRAM

CIRCUIT DIAGRAMCIRCUIT DIAGRAM

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 18

ATTRACTIONSATTRACTIONS• High energy conversion efficiency

• Modular design

• Very low chemical and acoustical pollution

• Fuel flexibility

• Cogeneration capability

• Rapid load response

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 19

HH22-O-O22 FC EFFICIENCY FC EFFICIENCY• 40% efficiency converting methanol to hydrogen in reformer

• 80% of hydrogen energy content converted to electrical energy

• 80% efficiency for inverter/motor

• Converts electrical to mechanical energy

• Overall efficiency of 24-32%

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 20

PROS & CONSPROS & CONS Advantages• Water is the only discharge (pure H2)• No conventional energy sources needed.• Low heat transmission. • Cost effective method to produce electricity.

Disadvantages• CO2 discharged with methanol reform.• Little more efficient than alternatives• Technology currently expensive.

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 21

APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS

• Portable Devices (Direct Methanol)•Cell Phone• Laptops• Field Equipment for military

• Distributed Generation•Commercial and Residential stationary

• Light Duty Vehicles

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 22

Continued..

•Power sources for vehicles such as cars, trucks, buses and even boats and submarines

• Power sources for spacecraft,

remote weather stations

and military technology

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 23

Continued..

Continued…

• Batteries for electronics such as laptops and smart phones

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 24

Continued…

QUESTIONS ARISEDQUESTIONS ARISED•Lack of hydrogen infrastructure

•Need for refueling stations

•Lack of consumer distribution system

•Cost of hydrogen fuel cells

•2009 Department of Energy estimated $61/kw

•Honda FCX Clarity costs about half a million dollars to make

•Problems with HFC cars

•Short range (~260 miles)

•Warm up time (~5 minutes)

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 25

REFERENCESREFERENCES• http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/fuelcell.shtml

• http://www.howstuffworks.com/fuel-efficiency/alternative-fuels/fuel-cell.htm

• http://www.energy.gov

• Chemical Principles, Sixth Edition, Zumdahl

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 26

THANK YOU….!!!THANK YOU….!!!

6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 27