aayush leather industry

73
DECLARATION I here by declare that all information selected though the secondary method is correct in accordance with the method used; it is very small as compare to the universe. So it may not applicable in all case.

Upload: rahul-jaiswal

Post on 12-Apr-2015

58 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

research about leather industry in varanasi

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Aayush Leather Industry

DECLARATION

I here by declare that all information selected though the secondary method is correct in accordance with the method used; it is very small as compare to the universe. So it may not applicable in all case.

Place…………… AAYUSHMAN SINGH Date …………… BBA

6th SEM. B/11\/001

Page 2: Aayush Leather Industry

PREFACE

The Survey report has been conducted on “PROJECT REPORT 0N GROWTH OF LEATHER INDUSTRY”. The purpose of this research & the preparation of this research are to find out the history of the LEATHER INDUSTRIES. This means about its import & export performance, various products, its role in the countries economy, etc..

This survey is carried out to translate the theoretical knowledge of the subject into the practice field work. This project is carried out in the domical fulfillment of the BBA course of SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES.

AAYUSHMAN SINGH

Page 3: Aayush Leather Industry

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Firstly, I am thankful to almighty GOD, who bestowed his choice of blessing on me through out my life. I, AAYUSHMAN SINGH, student of BBA 6th Sem Of “SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, VARANASI” feels a great pleasure in presenting this field survey report in the hand of survey supervisor Mr. RISHI RAMAN. It is really a great opportunity given by him to me. This research work is combined effort of many hearts, hand & brains.

I am immensely grateful Director General Prof. P.N.JHA, SMS VARANASI & again I would like to express by deep gratitude and devotion to Mr. RISHI RAMAN (LECTURER), SMS Varanasi for their Personal involvement & support without which this project would have never been in the light of this day.

I also want to thank my entire teachers, Staff member & Library member as they gave there valuable advise & guidance which helped me to conduct this survey successfully.

I specially wish to thank all my respondents and friends without their valuable support this report wouldn’t have been possible.

Page 4: Aayush Leather Industry

CONTENTS

SERIAL NO. PARTICULARS

1. Introduction of topic

2. Objectives

3. Methodology

4. Findings and Analysis

5. Conclusions

6. Limitations

7. Bibliography

Page 5: Aayush Leather Industry

INTRODUCTION

Leather Industry occupies a place of prominence in the Indian economy in view of its massive potential for employment, growth and exports. There has been increasing emphasis on its planned development, aimed at optimum utilization of available raw materials for maximizing the returns, particularly from exports. Leather industry has been one of the traditional industries operating in India and is essentially located in certain states, but dispersed as cottage industries in rural areas. Indian leather industry is both in the organized as well as unorganized sectors. The predominant decentralized nature and small size makes it difficult to change this industry. As small scale, cottage and artisan sector account for over 75% of the total production it was technologically very under developed in design, manufacturing, packing, and logistics. This makes it necessary to be careful while designing solutions for over coming the weak technological base. The global competition has been the major driver that forced the leather industry to upgrade its technological base. Though traditionally, the Indian leather industry has been an exporter of tanned hides and skins, it has, in the early seventies, set its sights on becoming a major player in the leather products segments.

Over the period of the last twenty years and particularly so in the last ten years, it has become the fourth largest foreign exchange earner in the country. The industry has become an area of export thrust with footwear having been identified as an area of extreme focus. Exports from the leather sector accounted for 4.4 per cent of India's total exports in 2000-01.The industry uses primarily indigenous natural resources with little dependence on imported resources. India is endowed with 10% of the world raw material

Page 6: Aayush Leather Industry

and export constitutes about 2% of the world trade. It employs 2.5 million persons. In this paper the case of transformation of leather production using an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) platform is presented. The transformation involves improving production process, introducing new technologies and leveraging the Internet.

Though in absolute terms there is an increase in the exports of leather products but in percentage terms India’s share in world trade remain around 2%. Over the years there has been a tremendous increase in competition at international level that is forcing leather industry to be competitive. All around the world the industry is getting automated making the whole process fast and leading to high quality end product.

With the use of latest Information Technologies like Computer Aided Design (CAD) – Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) there has been huge increase in the product variety. Also as this industry is highly fashion dominated there is a continuous change in the product style. This requires continuous monitoring of changes in the customer style and specific customer needs.

On the other hand, most of the leather firms are in the unorganized sector. The small-scale industries, cottage and artisans sector follows old and traditional methods of manufacture. As production processes are traditional product quality cannot meet the international standard. The low quality product with limited variety has made many of the Indian leather units non-competitive. Given the nature of the leather industry, moderation of leather industry requires the following initiatives to make it efficient, agile, responsive and competitive namely:

Enhance productivity Reduce wastage Increase the product design Automate the production process

Page 7: Aayush Leather Industry

Major production centres:

The major production centers for leather and leather products are located in:

Tamil Nadu - Chennai, Ambur, Ranipet, Vaniyambadi, Trichy, Dindigul West Bengal – Kolkata Uttar Pradesh – Kanpur, Agra & Noida Maharashtra - Mumbai Punjab - Jallandhar Karnataka – Bangalore Andhra Pradesh - Hyderabad Haryana  - Ambala, Gurgaon, Panchkula and Karnal Delhi. 

Indian leather sector: A Profile India is the largest livestock holding country A source for 10% global leather requirement Annual production value US$ 5 billion Annual export value US$ 3.47 billion Export growth CAGR 11.91% (5 years) About 2.50 million workforce (30% women) Promising technology inflow and Foreign Direct Investment Top priority to occupational safety and work environment Meticulous concern for consumer safety Compliance to environmental standards Enormous potential for future growth (domestic as well as export)  

Estimated production capacities:

ITEM CAPACITY

Hides 65 million pieces

Skins 170 million pieces

Page 8: Aayush Leather Industry

Leather Footwear 909 million pairs

Leather shoe uppers 100 million pairs

Non-leather footwear 1056 million pairs

Leather Garments 16 million pieces

Leather Goods 63 million pieces

Industrial Gloves 52 million pairs

Saddlery & Harness 12.50 million pieces

Source: CLRI  

 Strengths of Indian leather sector:

Own raw material source – 2 billion sq ft of leather produced annually Some varieties of goat / calf / sheep skins command premium position Strong and eco-sustainable tanning base Modernized manufacturing units Trained / skilled manpower at competitive wage levels World-class institutional support for Human Resources Development and R & D

activities    Presence of support industries like leather chemicals and finishing auxiliaries  Presence in major markets – Long Europe experience Preferred sourcing by several international brands –

Pierre Cardin, Versace, NEXT, Hugo Boss, Tommy Hilfiger,  Florsheim, Clarks, K shoes, DKNY, Liz Claiborne, Guess etc

Strategic location in the Asian landmass

Emerging strengths Design development initiatives by institutions and individuals Continuous modernization and technology upgradation Economic size of manufacturing units Constant human resource development programme to enhance productivity Increasing use of quality components Shorter prototype development time Delivery compliance Growing domestic market for footwear and leather articles

Page 9: Aayush Leather Industry

Government Support – Policies The entire leather sector is now de-licensed and de-reserved, paving way for

expansion on modern lines with state-of-the-art machinery and equipments. 100% Foreign Direct Investment and Joint Ventures permitted through the

automatic route 100% repatriation of profit and dividends, if investments made in convertible

foreign currency. Only a declaration to this effect to the Reserve Bank is required. Promotion of Industrial Parks (one leather park in A.P; one leather goods park in

W.B; one footwear park in T.N. and one footwear components park in Chennai) Funding support for modernizing manufacturing facilities during Tenth Plan

period 2002-07 Funding support for establishing Design Studios Duty free import of all types of raw materials Duty-free import of embellishments and components under specific scheme Concessional duty on import of specified machinery for use in Leather Sector. Duty neutralization/remission scheme in place like DEPB and Duty Drawback Liberal import-export of consumer products and components   Gradual lowering of import tariff  - Peak Rate 10% Simplified import-export procedures, facilitating quicker customs clearances

EXPORT PERFORMANCE

India’s export of leather and leather products for five years  

  (Value in Million US$)    

  2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08

           

Finished Leather 555.71 607.73 636.27 724.00 766.93

Footwear 767.73 910.77 1045.24 1236.91 1475.83

Leather Garments 301.08 329.44 333.30 309.91 343.99

Leather Goods 539.21 585.72 660.17 706.28 784.95

Saddlery & 52.71 61.71 77.52 82.33 105.81

Page 10: Aayush Leather Industry

Harness

Total 2216.45 2495.37 2752.50 3059.43 3477.52

% Growth 18.20% 12.58% 10.30% 11.15% 13.67%

Source: DGCI&S          

India’s Export was growing at a CAGR of 11.91% in the last 5 years. Global leather import trade was growing at a CAGR of 8.77% during last 5 years.

Major importing countries of Indian Leather and Leather Products

The country-wise performance for five years:

                                                                                                (Value in Million US$)

COUNTRY 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08CAGR

Growth %

Germany 329.82 350.79 363.24 410.08 488.72 10.33%.

Italy 285.02 258.23 317.04 413.35 479.04 13.86%.

UK 250.65 313.69 345.54 359.84 414.32 13.38%.

USA 251.58 290.42 318.36 317.59 306.69 5.07%.

Hong Kong 226.97 247.68 252.15 279.72 267.93 4.23%.

Spain 161.23 176.70 200.18 185.78 212.07 7.09%.

France 109.82 140.00 143.72 174.04 196.17 15.60%.

Netherlands 57.75 65.68 82.95 100.82 133.37 23.27%.

UAE 37.39 48.03 52.34 62.55 74.53 18.82%.

Portugal 34.07 38.38 42.20 49.92 56.06 13.25%.

Page 11: Aayush Leather Industry

Belgium 24.24 35.10 40.20 43.01 54.53 22.46%.

China 22.87 34.51 38.71 42.52 51.90 22.73%.

Australia 32.03 36.41 43.22 39.38 49.74 11.63%.

Denmark 24.66 30.84 40.46 42.30 49.08 18.77%.

Sweden 19.61 23.49 25.82 29.01 38.81 18.60%.

Canada 25.59 29.70 34.80 32.17 35.90 8.83%.

Korea Rep. 25.47 30.98 34.45 36.28 28.80 3.11%.

South Africa 20.64 21.71 24.38 35.23 27.49 7.42%.

Switzerland 16.64 18.35 21.54 21.92 25.47 11.22%.

Austria 19.12 21.23 23.38 21.79 25.43 7.39%.

Greece 21.11 19.53 21.94 24.22 23.38 2.58%.

Saudi Arabia 10.61 12.08 14.63 15.77 15.53 9.99%.

Japan 10.37 10.57 12.37 12.26 15.41 10.40%.

Russia 11.33 8.05 11.49 17.18 14.95 7.17%.

Indonesia 8.42 10.22 12.66 12.17 14.90 15.33%.

Finland 4.23 6.62 7.72 9.87 14.33 35.66%.

Ireland 4.08 5.77 4.56 5.46 8.07 18.59%.

New Zealand 4.22 3.28 5.64 6.05 5.60 7.32%.

Others 166.91 207.33 216.81 259.15 349.30 20.27%.

Total 2216.45 2495.37 2752.50 3059.43 3477.52 11.91%.

Page 12: Aayush Leather Industry

Source : DGCI & S          

 Import Scenario:

India’s import of raw hides & skins and leather for five years

                                                (Value in Million US$)

CATEGORY          

  2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08

           

Raw Hides & Skins 49.80 50.21 58.21 69.58 84.12

Leather 171.01 212.70 233.11 288.85 336.56

TOTAL 220.81 262.91 291.32 358.44 420.68

Source: DGCI & S

Page 13: Aayush Leather Industry

Keeping in view the past performance, current trends in the global trade industry’s in inherent strengths and the growth prospects, the industry aims to augment the production, thereby enhance export to US$ 7 billion by 2010-11. Resultantly, create additional employment opportunities for overall one million people.

The Export targets from 2008-09 to 2010-11 is tabulated below:

                                                            (In Million US$)

Product 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Leather 785.00 847.80 915.63

Footwear 2597.60 3428.83 4526.05

Garments 372.87 387.78 403.30

Leather Goods 798.69 870.06 948.04

Saddlery & Harness

127.85 154.70 187.19

Total 4682.01 5689.17 6980.21

INDIAN FINISHED LEATHER INDUSTRY

InspiringtheWorld Amongst the major producers of finished leather in the world, the Indian Leather industry has a long tradition of supplying high quality leather for the global market with over 2 billion sq. feet of leather produced annually and the capacity to fulfill 10 percent of the global leather requirement.

Page 14: Aayush Leather Industry

The Global import of Finished Leather increased from US$16506.14 million in 2002 to US$20738.51 million in 2005, growing at a CAGR of 5.87%. India’s share has increased from 3.08% to 3.49% during the said period.

  (In Million US$)

  2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Global import 16506.14 18074.64 19812.96 19879.89 20738.51

India's export 508.83 555.71 607.73 636.27 724.00

% Share of India 3.08% 3.07% 3.07% 3.20% 3.49%

Source : World Statistics, ITC, Geneva India's export, DGCI & S

India’s export of finished leather touched US$ 766.93 million in 2007-08, with a share of 22.05% in India’s total export.  In 2006, India held a share of 3.49% in the global import of finished leather.The major markets for Indian finished leather are Hong Kong, Italy, Germany, Spain, China, Korea Rep, Indonesia, France and Portugal. Nearly 73.17% of India’s export of finished leather is to the above countries.A Statement showing India’s Export of Finished Leather to different countries:

(Value in Million US$)

COUNTRY            APR-MAR % share % change

  2006-07 2007-08 2007-08  

Germany 26.16 32.72 4.27% 25.08%

USA 10.71 8.22 1.07% -23.25%

UK 2.69 2.71 0.35% 0.82%

Italy 121.00 133.46 17.40% 10.30%

France 12.07 9.73 1.27% -19.40%

Hong Kong 271.62 256.09 33.39% -5.72%

Spain 22.02 26.61 3.47% 20.84%

Page 15: Aayush Leather Industry

Russia 12.31 9.02 1.18% -26.69%

Netherlands 6.22 7.93 1.03% 27.54%

Australia 2.09 2.08 0.27% -0.65%

New Zealand 0.48 0.36 0.05% -25.30%

Denmark 0.47 1.30 0.17% 176.08%

Greece 0.65 0.77 0.10% 19.16%

Canada 1.19 1.92 0.25% 61.29%

Switzerland 0.04 0.24 0.03% 456.82%

Sweden 0.03 0.93 0.12% 3280.80%

South Africa 16.63 12.93 1.69% -22.24%

Austria 0.62 0.90 0.12% 44.46%

Belgium 0.54 0.51 0.07% -4.50%

Japan 5.27 5.74 0.75% 8.88%

Portugal 8.76 12.56 1.64% 43.37%

China 38.86 48.22 6.29% 24.08%

Ireland 0.01 0.00 0.00% -100.00%

UAE 2.82 6.16 0.80% 118.50%

Indonesia 9.57 14.13 1.84% 47.72%

Korea Rep. 34.73 27.62 3.60% -20.48%

Finland 0.49 0.38 0.05% -23.52%

Page 16: Aayush Leather Industry

Saudi Arabia 0.23 0.03 0.00% -86.81%

Others 115.72 143.66 18.73% 24.15%

Total 724.00 766.93 100.00% 5.93%

Source : DGCIS

India’s Import of Raw Hides & Skins and Leather from Different Countries

(Value in Million US$)

COUNTRIES Raw Hides & Skins % Variation           Leather % Variation

         APR-MAR          APR-MAR  

  2006-07 2007-08   2006-07 2007-08  

Argentina 0.22 0.62 185.42% 20.55 19.07 -7.23%

Australia 1.94 3.22 66.29% 3.39 4.71 38.84%

Austria 0.01 0.00 -100.00% 1.05 1.13 7.44%

Bangladesh 0.26 0.11 -59.91% 3.47 4.29 23.77%

Belgium 0.16 0.74 371.92% 0.22 0.27 21.66%

Brazil 1.85 1.23 -33.57% 11.97 7.79 -34.89%

Canada 0.00 0.09 5631.95% 0.03 0.07 127.38%

China 0.88 0.66 -25.09% 11.80 12.03 1.94%

Denmark 0.34 0.04 -87.38% 0.66 0.69 4.83%

France 2.59 2.88 11.04% 1.87 3.55 89.74%

Page 17: Aayush Leather Industry

Germany 4.88 3.54 -27.42% 8.96 8.05 -10.19%

Greece 0.47 1.08 127.62% 0.29 0.70 141.28%

Hong Kong 0.58 0.15 -73.23% 7.36 7.02 -4.67%

Indonesia 0.30 0.94 215.03% 14.96 12.05 -19.40%

Italy 6.90 5.28 -23.48% 57.51 75.71 31.65%

Kenya 1.74 1.34 -22.68% 5.16 4.94 -4.25%

Korea Rep 0.12 0.19 55.24% 0.98 3.72 280.03%

Nepal 0.52 0.54 4.12% 2.93 4.42 50.90%

Netherlands 4.32 5.80 34.23% 7.64 8.06 5.54%

New Zealand 3.81 9.78 156.80% 8.08 7.68 -4.94%

Nigeria 0.00 0.01 0.00% 0.56 0.23 -58.15%

Norway 1.27 1.63 28.31% 0.04 0.02 -56.46%

Pakistan 0.26 0.43 61.22% 2.59 3.71 43.38%

Saudi Arabia 2.11 2.51 18.73% 27.62 36.12 30.81%

Somalia 1.17 1.00 -14.58% 0.51 0.45 -10.36%

Spain 5.69 5.96 4.68% 12.89 12.73 -1.25%

Sudan 0.06 0.10 64.95% 0.41 1.95 376.51%

Sweden 0.66 0.35 -46.79% 0.21 0.08 -62.65%

Switzerland 0.39 0.38 -2.46% 6.15 4.01 -34.82%

Turkey 0.22 2.52 1044.07% 0.60 1.16 93.56%

Page 18: Aayush Leather Industry

U.A.E. 1.15 2.38 107.43% 3.27 6.25 91.23%

U.K. 1.32 1.65 25.32% 8.39 10.08 20.03%

U.S.A 2.41 3.94 63.28% 5.90 3.85 -34.63%

Others 21.00 23.06 9.79% 50.84 69.95 37.60%

Total 69.58 84.12 20.89% 288.85 336.56 16.52%

Source :  DGCI&S

Indian Leather Goods & Leather Gloves Industry Leather Accessories forms an important segment of the Leather Industry in India.

Leather Accessories production capacity is estimated to be 63 million pieces annually.

The Global import of Leather Goods including Gloves increased from US$8020.61 million in 2002 to US$13675.50 million in 2006, growing at a CAGR of 14.27%. India’s share remains stagnant at 5.16%.

(In Million US$)

  2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Global import 8020.61 9021.89 10773.01 12136.25 13675.50

Page 19: Aayush Leather Industry

India's export 425.40 539.21 585.72 660.17 706.28

% Share of India 5.30% 5.98% 5.44% 5.44% 5.16%

Source : World Statistics, ITC, Geneva India's export, DGCI & S India’s export of leather goods touched US$784.95 million in 2007-08, with a

share of 22.57% in India’s total export.  In 2006, India held a share of 5.16% in the global import of leather goods.

The major markets for Indian leather goods are the USA, Germany, the UK, Italy, Spain, France, Russia, Netherlands, UAE and Australia.  Nearly 78.34% of India’s export of leather goods is to the above countries.

A Statement showing India’s Export of Leather Goods to different countries:

(Value in Million US$)

COUNTRY          APR-MAR % share % change

  2006-07 2007-08 2007-08  

Germany 100.14 121.56 15.49% 21.40%

USA 128.12 121.37 15.46% -5.27%

UK 113.91 131.53 16.76% 15.47%

Italy 50.76 56.25 7.17% 10.80%

France 31.54 34.89 4.45% 10.62%

Hong Kong 3.06 3.38 0.43% 10.74%

Spain 53.18 59.11 7.53% 11.17%

Page 20: Aayush Leather Industry

Russia 0.89 0.94 0.12% 5.88%

Netherlands 31.81 36.11 4.60% 13.51%

Australia 21.79 27.95 3.56% 28.24%

New Zealand 1.41 2.24 0.29% 59.34%

Denmark 13.83 14.81 1.89% 7.05%

Greece 6.99 7.03 0.90% 0.57%

Canada 9.75 12.55 1.60% 28.78%

Switzerland 8.40 10.41 1.33% 23.97%

Sweden 9.24 10.85 1.38% 17.46%

South Africa 5.08 4.53 0.58% -10.82%

Austria 6.22 7.09 0.90% 13.90%

Belgium 11.72 13.53 1.72% 15.46%

Japan 3.01 4.01 0.51% 33.10%

Portugal 2.67 2.68 0.34% 0.51%

China 1.01 0.95 0.12% -5.58%

Ireland 2.36 3.74 0.48% 58.65%

UAE 22.06 25.09 3.20% 13.73%

Indonesia 0.15 0.15 0.02% 0.16%

Korea Rep 0.82 0.42 0.05% -49.21%

Finland 3.49 4.14 0.53% 18.62%

Page 21: Aayush Leather Industry

Saudi Arabia 6.99 5.72 0.73% -18.23%

Others 55.89 61.90 7.89% 10.76%

Total 706.28 784.95 100.00% 11.14%

Source: DGCI& S

The different types of leather goods exported from India are Wallets, Purses, Pouches, Ladies Handbags and other bags.  Travel/luggage ware, Passport holders/Credit Card holders etc, Portfolio/Briefcases, Leather Belts, Caps & Ties, Diary Covers/Cheque Book Covers, Desktop materials, Covers for Camera, Calculator, Leather toys, Handcrafted leather items, Pet accessories and other leather goods.

Leather Goods and accessories manufactured in India also bear brand names like Coach, Pierre Cardin, Yves St Laurent, Etienne Aigner, Geoffery Beene, Harrods, Marks & Spencer, Liz Caliborne, Guess, Next, Tommy Hilfiger, Kieffer, Waldhausen, Biemen, Nederinum, Zaldi, Kallquists, Shires, GFS, Millers, Eisers, Weco, Ukal and Decalthon.

India is now poised to make itself a major destination for global sourcing of Leather Accessories. India’s position as the fifth largest global supplier of Leather Accessories is only going to strengthen given the availability of quality raw material coupled with skilled craftsmanship.

The Leather Accessories industry’s accelerated development and growth is being aided by the ambitious capacity expansion & modernization plans of private industry and the Indian Government’s encouraging policy measures.

Indian Leather Gloves Industry:

The Global import of Leather Gloves increased from US$1368.32 million in 2002 to US$ 1922.29 million in 2006, growing at a CAGR of 8.86%. India’s share has increased from 6.58% to 7.18% in 2006.

(In Million US$)

  2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Global import 1368.32 1484.15 1649.42 1817.22 1922.29

India's export 90.04 136.01 118.77 138.38 137.94

Page 22: Aayush Leather Industry

% Share of India 6.58% 9.16% 7.20% 7.61% 7.18%

 

India produces about 52 million pairs of leather gloves annually. Leather gloves of all categories like fancy/fashion gloves, sports gloves, industrial gloves and other leather gloves is a thrust product among the items of small leather goods being exported from India.

INDIA’S EXPORT OF GLOVES – DIFFERENT CATEGORIES

(Value in Million US$)

Category 1998-99

1999-2000

2000-01 2001-02 2002-03

2003-04

 

2004-05

 

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

Gloves for Sports 14.62 16.04 14.11 11.96 10.50 15.90

11.0711.95 10.50 13.63

Gloves other than for Sports 4.48 18.17 19.42 11.26 11.63 16.02

 

7.90 10.85 11.20 14.31

Gloves for use in Industry 75.13 63.60 63.08 62.47 67.91

104.09

 

99.80115.5

8 116.24155.32

Total 94.23 97.80 96.61 85.69 90.04 136.0

1 118.7

7138.3

8 137.94183.26

I INDIAN FOOTWEAR INDUSTRY

The footwear sector is a very significant segment of the Leather Industry in India.

Footwear is the engine of growth for the entire Indian leather industry and India is the second largest global producer of footwear after China, accounting for 14% of global footwear production. of 14.52 billion Pairs.

India Produces 2065 million pairs of Different Categories of Footwear (Leather Footwear 909 million pairs, Leather

Source : World Statistics, ITC, Geneva India's export, DGCI & S

Page 23: Aayush Leather Industry

Shoe uppers 100 million pairs and Non-leather footwear 1056 million pairs)

India exports about 115 million pairs. Thus, nearly 95% of its production goes to meet its own domestic demand.

The major production centers in India are Chennai, Ranipet, Ambur in Tamil Nadu, Mumbai in Maharastra, Kanpur in U.P., Jalandhar in Punjab, Agra, Delhi, Karnal, Ludhiana, Sonepat, Faridabad, Pune, Kolkata, Calicut and Ernakulam.

Footwear exported from India are Dress Shoes, Casuals, Moccasins, Sport Shoes, Horrachies, Sandals, Ballerinas, Boots, Sandals and Chappals made of rubber, plastic, P.V.C. and other materials. 

MNC Brands sourced from India

MNC Brands Sold in India Indian Brands sold in India

Acme, Clarks, ColeHann, Deichmann, Ecco, Elefanten, Florsheim, Gabor, Hasley, Hush Puppies, Double H, Justin, Marks & Spencer, Nautica, Nike, Nunn Bush, Reebok, Salamander, Stacy Adams, Tony, Lama, Next, Bally

Aldo, Bally, Clarks, Ecco, Florshiem, Ferragammo, Hush Puppies, Lee cooper, Lloyd, Marks & Spencer, Nike, Nine West, New Balance, Reebok, Rockport, Stacy Adams

Red Tape, Bata, Liberty, Khadims, Lakhani, Metro, Action

Nearly 75% of India’s Export of Footwear is to the European Countries and the USA.

The Indian Footwear Industry provides employment opportunities to a total of 1.1 million people, mostly from the weaker sections of the society. Out of this, about 0.2 million are employed in the organized sector, 40% of whom are women. Remaining 0.9 million people are engaged in unorganized footwear sector like rural artisans, cottage and household units etc.

The Footwear Sector is now de-licensed and de-reserved, paving the way for expansion of capacities on modern lines with state-of-the-art machinery. To further assist this process, the Government has permitted 100% Foreign Direct Investment through the automatic route for the Footwear Sector.

In

India’s Export of Footwear – Last 10 Years                                                                                                ( Value in Million US$)

Page 24: Aayush Leather Industry

India’s Footwear Export Growth

over the last Four Decades 

F Footwear export has increased from US$40.15 million in 1977-78 to US$ 1475.83 million in 2007-08 

Product 1998-99

1999-2000 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07

 

2007-08

Footwear 575.49 606.60 638.57 655.35 625.25 767.73 910.77 1045.24 1236.91

 

1475.83

Growth 7.05% 5.41% 5.27% 2.63% -4.59% 22.79% 18.63% 14.76% 18.34%

 

19.32%

Source: DGCI&S                  

 

Page 25: Aayush Leather Industry

Chart showing Global Import of Footwear Vs India’s Export of Footwear

In

India’s Exports of Footwear – Country-wise Share in Total Exports (2007-08) – Source: DGCI& S

Major Markets for Indian Footwear:

The European Union and the USA are the major markets for Indian Footwear accounting for 79.95% and 9.22% share respectively in India’s total footwear export. The major markets for Indian Footwear are Germany 16.66%, UK 16.31%, Italy 15.32%, USA 9.22%, France 7.81%, Spain 5.10%, Netherlands 4.91%, Portugal 2.50%, UAE 2.48% and

Page 26: Aayush Leather Industry

Denmark 1.18%. These 10 countries together accounts for nearly 81.49% of India’s total leather products export.

Indian Footwear Industry - A Vision Document 2010

Footwear is the engine of growth of the leather industry, currently accounting for an export value of US$1212 million, holding a major share of 41% in India’s total leather trade. Considering this fact, we have set an ambitious target of US$ 4.5 billion in respect of Footwear export from India by 2010-11 where the overall export of leather products will reach US$6.98 billion, wherein footwear alone will account for a share of 65% in India’s total leather export trade.

Page 27: Aayush Leather Industry

Current Export of Footwear and Projections by 2010-11

Investment Opportunities:

The Government of India is keen to promote investments into the Indian leather sector, and for this purpose, it has radically simplified and rationalized the policies, procedures and regulatory aspects.

The current industrial policy is very conducive to the promotion of Indian leather industry both in terms of domestic trade as well as exports. 

Taxation:

India has a well developed tax structure.  Income tax, Customs duties, Central Excise, Sales Tax and Service tax are the main taxes levied by the Central

Government VAT, Stamp duty, State Excise, Land Revenue, Tax on professions are the principal taxes levied by the State

Governments Local Bodies are empowered to levy tax on properties, octroi and for utilities like water supply, drainage etc.

Corporate Tax is currently taxed at:

30% in the case of domestic companies and surcharge @ 10% of tax 40% in the case of foreign companies and surcharge @ 2.5% of tax

o .

 

Page 28: Aayush Leather Industry

India's Leather Garments Industry

Leather Garments forms a significant segment of the Leather Industry in India. Leather Garments production capacity is estimated to be 16 million pieces annually.

The Global import of Leather Garments declined from US$4232.43 million in 2002 to US$3739.77 million in 2006.  India’s share has increased from 6.43% in 2002 to 8.26% in 2006.

India’s export of leather garments touched US$343.99 million in 2007-08, with a share of 9.89% in India’s total export.  In 2006, India held a share of 8.29% in the global import of leather garments.

A Statement showing global import of leather garments, India’s export and share during the last 5 years is given below:

  (In Million US$)

  2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Global import 4232.43 4192.43 4004.83 3818.44 3739.77

India's export 272.08 301.08 329.44 333.30 309.91

% Share of India 6.43% 7.18% 8.23% 8.73% 8.29%

Source : World Statistics, ITC, Geneva India's export, DGCI & S The major markets for Indian leather garments are the USA, Germany, the UK,

Italy, Spain, France, Denmark and Netherlands. Nearly 80.27% of India’s export of leather garments is to the above countries.

A Statement showing India’s Export of Leather Garments to different countries:

(Value in Million US$)

Page 29: Aayush Leather Industry

COUNTRY              APR-MAR % share % change

Page 30: Aayush Leather Industry

  2006-07 2007-08 2007-08  

Germany 53.41 68.78 19.99% 28.78%

USA 36.72 27.74 8.06% -24.46%

UK 22.51 23.09 6.71% 2.59%

Italy 52.63 58.31 16.95% 10.80%

France 23.43 27.10 7.88% 15.63%

Hong Kong 0.53 1.00 0.29% 90.88%

Spain 42.95 47.58 13.83% 10.78%

Russia 0.03 0.23 0.07% 570.65%

Netherlands 10.83 11.25 3.27% 3.88%

Australia 1.18 1.91 0.55% 61.44%

New Zealand 0.35 0.10 0.03% -72.70%

Denmark 11.34 12.32 3.58% 8.62%

Greece 4.38 4.45 1.29% 1.65%

Canada 8.51 8.94 2.60% 5.02%

Switzerland 2.74 2.41 0.70% -12.15%

Sweden 7.04 8.62 2.51% 22.49%

South Africa 0.82 0.82 0.24% -0.54%

Austria 2.40 2.54 0.74% 5.71%

Belgium 5.16 5.11 1.48% -1.10%

Page 31: Aayush Leather Industry

Japan 0.70 0.89 0.26% 26.03%

Portugal 3.32 3.93 1.14% 18.44%

China 0.11 0.09 0.03% -21.28%

Ireland 0.10 0.17 0.05% 68.11%

UAE 1.91 5.37 1.56% 180.75%

Indonesia 0.01 0.00 0.00% -100.00%

Korea Rep. 0.11 0.22 0.06% 100.19%

Finland 1.21 1.00 0.29% -17.40%

Saudi Arabia 0.07 0.06 0.02% -18.64%

Others 15.39 19.99 5.81% 29.89%

Total 309.91 343.99 100.00% 11.00%

Source : DGCIS

Major brands like Pierre Cardin, Tommy Hilfiger, Versace, DKNY, Hugo boss, Liz Claiborne, Ann Taylor, Nautica, Kenneth Cole, Charter Club, Daniel Hector are sourced from India.

The different types of Leather Garments exported from India are jackets, long coats, waist coats/shirts, pant/shorts, motorbike jackets, industrial leather garments and leather aprons.  The above varieties are for gents, ladies and children.

India is now poised to make itself a major destination for global sourcing of Leather Garments.  India’s position as the fourth largest global supplier of Leather Garments is only going to strengthen given the availability of quality raw material coupled with skilled craftsmanship.

The Leather Garment industry’s accelerated development and growth is being aided by the ambitious capacity expansion & modernization plans of private industry and the Indian Government’s encouraging policy measures.

 

Page 32: Aayush Leather Industry

Indian Saddlery & Harness Industry

Rein in Style With India positioned as the third largest exporter of Saddlery & Harness to the world, Indian Saddlery and Harness products are gaining an ever-increasing recognition in the highly competitive global saddlery & harness leather arena. The Indian Saddlery and Harness industry is now becoming globally competitive and brand dominated, awash with designs and The Global import of Saddlery & Harness increased from US$505.81 million in 2002 to US$914.58 million in 2006, growing at a CAGR of 15.96%. India’s share has increased from 8.63% to 9.00% in 2006.

(In Million US$)

  2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Global import 505.81 605.19 714.10 825.50 914.58

India's export 43.66 52.71 61.71 77.52 82.33

% Share of India 8.63% 8.71% 8.64% 9.39% 9.00%

 

The estimated annual production capacity for the production of Saddlery & Harness is 12.50 million pieces.

India’s export of Saddlery & Harness touched US$ 105.81 million in 2007-08, with a share of 3.04% in India’s total export.  In 2006, India held a share of 9.00% in the global import of Saddlery & Harness.

The major markets for Indian saddlery & harness are the USA, Germany, UK, France, Netherlands, Sweden, Spain, Italy and Australia.  Nearly 80.16% of India’s export of saddlery & harness is to the above countries.

A Statement showing India’s Export of Saddlery & Harness to different countries:

(Value in Million US$)

Source : World Statistics, ITC, Geneva India's export, DGCI & S

Page 33: Aayush Leather Industry

COUNTRY         APR-MAR % share % change

  2006-07 2007-08 2007-08  

Germany 13.15 19.74 18.66% 50.16%

USA 14.89 13.36 12.62% -10.27%

UK 12.54 16.23 15.34% 29.43%

Italy 2.84 4.91 4.64% 72.82%

France 7.18 9.21 8.70% 28.29%

Hong Kong 1.11 0.46 0.44% -58.56%

Spain 3.07 3.54 3.35% 15.39%

Russia 0.14 0.08 0.08% -43.63%

Netherlands 3.39 5.59 5.28% 65.05%

Australia 4.20 5.34 5.05% 27.29%

New Zealand 0.69 1.50 1.42% 118.84%

Denmark 1.99 3.23 3.05% 61.84%

Greece 0.19 0.29 0.27% 50.54%

Canada 1.82 2.08 1.96% 14.48%

Switzerland 0.16 0.26 0.25% 63.28%

Sweden 4.71 6.36 6.01% 35.08%

South Africa 0.59 0.67 0.64% 14.77%

Austria 0.29 0.52 0.49% 78.68%

Page 34: Aayush Leather Industry

Belgium 2.38 4.51 4.26% 89.14%

Japan 0.19 0.14 0.13% -25.77%

Portugal 0.14 0.04 0.04% -73.44%

China 1.47 0.36 0.34% -75.31%

Ireland 0.65 1.23 1.17% 90.59%

UAE 1.12 1.31 1.24% 17.25%

Indonesia 0.01 0.00 0.00% -51.47%

Korea Rep. 0.03 0.05 0.05% 66.14%

Finland 1.05 1.94 1.83% 85.13%

Saudi Arabia 0.03 0.05 0.05% 83.51%

Others 2.33 2.80 2.65% 20.20%

Total 82.33 105.81 100.00% 28.53%

India's Leather Garments Industry

The Global import of Leather Garments declined from US$4232.43 million in 2002 to US$3739.77 million in 2006.  India’s share has increased from 6.43% in 2002 to 8.26% in 2006.

India’s export of leather garments touched US$343.99 million in 2007-08, with a share of 9.89% in India’s total export.  In 2006, India held a share of 8.29% in the global import of leather garments.

A Statement showing global import of leather garments, India’s export and share during the last 5 years is given below:

  (In Million US$)

  2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Page 35: Aayush Leather Industry

Global import 4232.43 4192.43 4004.83 3818.44 3739.77

India's export 272.08 301.08 329.44 333.30 309.91

% Share of India 6.43% 7.18% 8.23% 8.73% 8.29%

Source : World Statistics, ITC, Geneva India's export, DGCI & S The major markets for Indian leather garments are the USA, Germany, the UK,

Italy, Spain, France, Denmark and Netherlands. Nearly 80.27% of India’s export of leather garments is to the above countries.

Page 36: Aayush Leather Industry
Page 37: Aayush Leather Industry

Companies

Arkay Leathers (P) Ltd.

It is vertically oriented and professionally managed group, involved in Manufacturing, Export, Trading and Sourcing of Finished Leathers and Leather Garments.

Bhojwani Enterprises

Bhojwani Enterprises a leading manufacturer of Gift Items is a force to reckon with in the field of manufacturing a variety of leather items. We are based in Mumbai.

EXOTIC FASHIONS PVT. LTD

Exotic Fashions Pvt. Ltd is one of leadig manufacturer and exporter of Back Pack and Rucksacks, Ladies Bags, Shantiniketan Products, Folios and Organizers, Briefcases, PDA, Pen and Cigar Cases, Gents and Ladies Wallets, Travel Bags, Small Accessories, Shantiniketan Bags and Wallets.

Eastern Leather Company

They are manufacturing Full / Semi Chrome, Resin / Glazed upper, Linings, Milled, Mesh with Glaze and mate finish as well as Aniline / Semi Aniline and Resin Sheep Nappa, Sheep Suede's and Buffalo Aniline finished softy for Garment and upholstery purposes

Edcons Chambers

Engaged in exporting of leather goods which includes ladies bags, wallets, travel bags and ruck sacks.

Farida Group

Established in the year 1957 by late Mr.Mecca Haji Abdul Majid Sahib at Ambur, Vellore District, Tamilnadu, in India, the Group has expanded and diversified its activities and currently controls the operations through two tanneries and six full-fledged shoe factories apart from other trading companies.

Page 38: Aayush Leather Industry

Hansa Ledermann

The company Hansa was established in the year 1976, a well reputed name known world wide as tanners, manufacturers and exporters of finished leather, leather garments and leather products backed with German Technology. This group of industries is a registered export house almost since three decades and has owned more than 17 awards from Central and State Government for excellent export performance in the field of leather.

Harman Sales Pvt. Ltd.

Harman Sales Pvt. Ltd. The main objective of the company is to serve FOOTWEAR and LEATHER GOODS industries, and LEATHER sector in general by sales and After-sales-Service of MACHINERY, EQUIPMENT, RAW MATERIALS, SPARES AND LEATHER FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS AND BELTS.

Indian Buff Manufacturing Company

Indian Buff Manufacturing Company is the India 's leading Buff Manufacturer with experience of over 45 years in this field.

Inma Enterprises

The Syed Family has been one of INDIA's formost leather families with three generations seeped in the intricacies of the business. Each of the family members plays a different role in this business first of all Syed Ahmed Ali.

ImportersStanley Seating

Stanley Seating is the country's largest importer and stockist of genuine leather upholstery. We are an ISO 9001 certified manufacturing organisation and are the leading OEM to major car manufacturers.

Page 39: Aayush Leather Industry

Exporters

Leatherman

Leather-man is a manufacturing cum export unit renown for their quality. Their product portfolio includes a wide range of high quality leather goods and accessories. Along with their sister concern Zeniss Arts, established in 1972, they supply niche European markets. Leather Man is a registered entity, recognized by the Council of Leather Exports (CLE) and an autonomous body, under the Government of India.

Acknit Knitting Limited

Acknit Knitting Limited was incorporated in 1990 in India for manufacturing and export of Seamless Hand Gloves to various countries in the World. Acknit has now emerged as a leading Exporter in India.

Acme Exporters

Acme Exporters, established in 1984 manufactures high quality finished goods. It has established a name for itself in the manufacture of Leather Accessories and Industrial Safety Apparels.

Ajanta Leather Fashions Limited

Established in 1976, it is one of India's most reputed manufacturers and exporters of exquisite leather bags, briefcases and small leather goods.

Akbari Exports

Manufacturer and exporter of leather products such as leather purses, wallets, office bags, leather belts, key pouches, key holders, card holders, unique leather bags, ladies leather purse and other leather promotional items.

Alfa Impex Tanning Industries

Page 40: Aayush Leather Industry

Alfa Impex Tanning Industries was incorporated in the year 1994. We are exporters of all kinds of leathers. We are one of the major suppliers of cow Leather to Leading exporters of Shoes in India.

Alisha Clothing Pvt. Ltd

Alisha Clothing, a company established in 1990, manufactures and exports leather garments. It has been in operation for the last 10 years and has offices in Austria and Denmark. It has recently expanded into textiles and acquired additional floor space of 4000 Sq Ft.

Anandani Exports

Anandani Exports is one of the leading house of exclusive range of Readymade Garments. Started in year 1989, the company is continuously rising on the growth chart and setting very high quality standards.Their products are Ladies Garments, Gents Garments, Children's Garments, Leather Goods and Textiles

Anira Exports

Anira Exports is a leather handbags division of Chandan Export Corporation; a Government recognized export house designing and producing leather footwear in excess of one million pairs per annum from last 25 years.

Ansar & Co.

Ansar and Co is one of the manufacturers and wholesale suppliers of leather garments, finished leather, leather bags, purses, safety shoes, portfolio, briefcases and other leather & finished leather products.

Suppliers

A.S. Enterprises

Page 41: Aayush Leather Industry

We have a leather goods and soft luggage factory with an experience of manufacturing over 11 years. We cover the domestic and export market.

Ajanta Leather Fashions Limited

Established in 1976, it is one of India's most reputed manufacturers and exporters of exquisite leather bags, briefcases and small leather goods.

Alfa Impex Tanning Industries

Alfa Impex Tanning Industries was incorporated in the year 1994. We are exporters of all kinds of leathers. We are one of the major suppliers of cow Leather to Leading exporters of Shoes in India.

Alpha Overseas International Pvt. Ltd Manufacturer and supplier of leather garments for men, women and children.

Ansar & Co.

Ansar and Co is one of the manufacturers and wholesale suppliers of leather garments, finished leather, leather bags, purses, safety shoes, portfolio, briefcases and other leather & finished leather products.

Ansar and Company

Ansar and Co is one of the manufacturers and wholesale suppliers of leather garments, finished leather, leather bags, purses, safety shoes, portfolio, briefcases and other leather & finished leather products.

Arora Vinyl Pvt. Ltd. Arora Vinyl Pvt. Ltd. is one of the leading manufacturers of "PVC leather cloth" in India since its inception in 1995.

Arun New Era Overseas

Arun New Era Overseas as leading manufacturers, suppliers and wholesale exporters of leather journal in India. The range of leather journal includes leather bound journal, leather writing journal and custom leather journal.

CLASSIQUE

Page 42: Aayush Leather Industry

CLASSIQUE are specialist suppliers of quality corporate gifts and incentive products fashioned from a choice leathers items to fine writing instruments to clocks, watches umbrellas, etc all of which are of the highest standard and can be imprinted, embossed or laser etched with your company's logo

Crescent Tannery

Crescent Tannery is a renowned entity in the manufacture, export, supply of a plethora of leather goods. Some of its most sought-after items include wallets, organizers, flight bags and other items of leather.

TOP RANKING COMPANIES

Oriental Exports - Exporter of leather, granite &

food products

Oriental Traders - Leather products exporter

P&G Enterprises - Leather garments exporter

Pristine Leather Fashions - Exporter of leather bags

& industrial gloves

Sadh - Buying agent for leather products

Select Marketing - Leather gifts and products

exporter

Singhvi International - Exporter of leather hand

gloves, aprons & dried flowers

Star Hide - Exporter of leather goods

Page 43: Aayush Leather Industry

Sun Agency - Manufacturer of semi-finished

leather

T Abdul Wahid - Leather tanners and shoe

manufacturer

Tex xpressions - Leather sourcing, product design

and development

XL Enterprises - Manufacturer of leather portfolios,

bags, organizers etc

Yeti Leather - Manufacturer of leather bags,

walletsHasan Leathers - Manufacturer of finished

leather

Hi Fashion - Leather goods exporter

Imaan Impex - Buying and selling of leather,

garments, goods and shoes

Impressive Exports - Leather goods exporter

Itco Group - Manufacturer of leather gloves

Iyagri Impex - Manufacturer of chamois leather

KAG Exports - Exporter of leather products

Kabir Leathers - Leather apparel, jackets & bags

Kamal International - Manufacturer of leather

goods

Page 44: Aayush Leather Industry

Launch Pad - Manufacturer of leather cellphone

cases

Lexus Exports - Leather wallets, purses, pouches

and handbags exporter

Mercury Exports - Manufacturer of leather

garments, accessories & jackets

Mi Vindchy - Leather garments manufacturer

Modern Overseas - Leather tannery and

garments manufacturer

Ocean Overseas - Leather goods manufacturer

Acknit Knitting - Hand gloves and leather

garments manufacturer

Acme Exports - Leather wallets, passport holders

and purses

Ah Yin Tannery - Finished leather products

manufacturer

Ajanta Leather Fashions - Manufacturer of

leather bags, briefcases and other leather items

Ansar & Co - Offers leather jackets, dog leashes,

ladies bags etc

Arkay Leder Fashions - Leather garments and

goods

Page 45: Aayush Leather Industry

Art leather Exports - Leather garments

manufacturer

Asian Adores - Soft luggage and leather gifts

manufacturer

Bilal Hussain - Manufacturer of finished leather &

garments

Crescent Tannery - Leather bags and garments

maker

DRG Leather Cloth - PVC leather cloth

manufacturer

Da Milano - Leather portfolios, bags &

accessories

EGI Leather - Leather bags and wallets exporter

Farinni - Manufacturer of leather bags

Page 46: Aayush Leather Industry

OBJECTIVES

1. To know the history of leather industry.

2. To know the total revenue arises from leather industry India.

3. To know the export and import performance of leather

industries in India.

4. To know the leather industries share in the Indian economy.

Page 47: Aayush Leather Industry

5. To know the various leather products in India..

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

TYPES OF RESEARCH:- Descriptive type research

SOURCES OF DATA:- Secondary data

STATISTICAL CALCULATIVE TOOLS:- Average and percentage

STATISTICALS REPRESENTATIVE TOOLS:- Pie chart, Bar diagram and Charts

Page 48: Aayush Leather Industry

FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS

Page 49: Aayush Leather Industry

GLOBAL IMPORT AND INDIA’S EXPORT

AS THE ABOVE GRAPH SHOWS

By 11.91% export of the country is increasing year by year.

Page 50: Aayush Leather Industry

Conclusion From the above graph we can conclude that export of the country is increasing rapidly.

EXPORT OF VARIOUS LEATHER PRODUCTS

\

AS THE ABOVE GRAPH SHOWS

Page 51: Aayush Leather Industry

11.91% is the growth in the export of above given leather products.

CONCLUSION

leather product is increasing very quickly .

TOTAL EXPORT

Page 52: Aayush Leather Industry

AS THE ABOVE GRAPH SHOWS

By 11.91 % the export of India is increasing.

CONCLUSIONFrom the above given graph it is clear that the export of India is rising very quickly.

GROWTH PERCENTAGE

AS THE ABOVE GRAPH SHOWS

Page 53: Aayush Leather Industry

11.91% is the growth percentage of the decade which is calculated from the data found.

CONCLUSION From the above graph itn is clear that growth of export fall down during start time but it again started climbing after few years.IMPORT OF LEATHER & LEATHER PRODUCTS

AS THE ABOVE GRAPH SHOWS

Page 54: Aayush Leather Industry

8.77% is the growth percent of the import of leather product in India.

CONCLUSION

From the above graph it is clear that the import of India is rising continueously .

TOTAL IMPORT

AS THE ABOVE GRAPH SHOWS

8. 77 % is the growth rate of the increase in the import of various leather products in India.

Page 55: Aayush Leather Industry

CONCLUSION

From the above graph it is clear that the import also increases with the increase in the time.

CONCLUSION

By collecting various data i have found that leather industries play very vital role in the life of human beings and economy.

1. It helps a lot to know the history of the leather industries of India.

2. It helps a lot to the economy by spreading the feet of the Indian economy in the global market.

3. It helps a lot to the human beings by providing a lot of goods i.e. , footwear, garments, etc.

4. It has share about 2.62% in the global leather trade

4. Government also provides lot of policies and plans for the development of leather industries

Page 56: Aayush Leather Industry

6. 11.91% is the growth rate of export & 8.77% is growth rate

LIMITATION

1. Preparing research report is a time consuming process and need a lot of patience and analyzing of the facts.

2. It has a lot of chances of bias.

3. It may not be considered fully correct.

4. Lack of proper knowledge about methods of collection of data creates a lot of problem.

5. Sometimes industries and companies also mislead by providing false data.

6. Wrong data collection though the secondary processes.

Page 57: Aayush Leather Industry

BIBLIOGRAPHY

REFERRED BOOK:-

1. Methodology research in social sciences

Dr. Krishna swami

2. Research Methodology

C. R. Kothari (2nd revised edition -2004)

3. Statistics

Dr. S. P. Gupta (31st revised edition 2002 )

WEBSITE PREFERED:-

www.superhouse.com www.leatherindustries.com www.clri.com

Page 58: Aayush Leather Industry

www.footwear.com