a study of grid computing and cloud computing
TRANSCRIPT
A STUDY OF GRID COMPUTING AND CLOUD COMPUTING
Piyush Gupta
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Introduction:
A cloud computing is anywhere, anytime
service module i.e. we can be able to use this
services 24*7*365 module. In the world of
new technology cloud computing plays an
important role in this cloud computing is used
on the daily basis. Cloud computing change
the way of internet.
The grid computing is a very advance
technology used with Globus toolkit .The
grid infrastructure works with a middleware
which is called the central manager of grid
[1,2,6].
Grid Computing: The concept of grid has
been taken from an Electrical power grid-
The Electric power grid users get access to
electricity through wall sockets with no care
or safety for where or how the electricity is
actually generated. The user has no way to
think that where the electricity actually store
he just switch on the plug to use it. Whereas
the grid computing users gain access to
computing resources (processors, storage,
data, applications, and so on) as needed with
little or no knowledge of where those
resources are located or what the underlying
technologies, hardware, operating system,
and so on are [6,8]. The grid links together
computing resources (PCs, workstations,
servers, storage elements) and provides the
mechanism needed to access them [7,8].
[7].
Figure 1: The Global Architecture of Grid
Computing
Due to high data rate and highest bandwidth,
the Grid Computing is used because core
networking technology is now accelerates at
a much faster rate than advances in
microprocessor speeds.
Grid exploits underutilized resources
Grid uses parallel CPU capacity
Grid is used by the help of virtual resources
and virtual organizations for collaboration.
Grid also enables the access to additional
resources [6,7].
Abstract:-
This paper is based on the study of grid computing and cloud computing technology. These two
technologies are related with geographically defined network standards. The main aspect of
this paper is deep learning of latest technology and trends in the field of networking.
Keywords:-Technology,Cloud Computing,Grid Computing
Jagannath University, Jaipur
Figure 2: A Layered Architecture of Grid
For co-coordinating multiple resources:
Ubiquitous infrastructure services, app-
specific distributed services for sharing
single resources: negotiating access,
controlling use. To talking to things:
communication (Internet protocols) &
security. To Controlling things locally:
Access to, & control of, resources and
Connectivity.
Globus Toolkit:-It is a collection of grid
middleware that allows users to run jobs,
transfer files, track file replicas, publish
information about a grid.
GSI:-The facilities which are provided by a
grid computing is that share a common
security infrastructure called GSI that enables
single sign on.
Users:-Users can select any subset of Globus
toolkit to use in building their grid.
Ad-hoc:-Globus has been making a
transaction from ad-hoc networks protocols
that are called the web services for grid
computing.
Cloud Computing:
Cloud computing is the delivery
of computing as a service rather than
a product, whereby shared resources,
software and information are provided to
computers and other devices as a utility (like
the electricity grid) over a network (typically
the Internet).It is anywhere ,anytime service
and has 24*7*365 model delivery capability.
Deliver models of cloud computing:-
"Software as a Service (SaaS)"
Deliver software as a service over the
Internet, eliminating the need to install and
run the application on the customer's own
computers and simplifying maintenance and
support. It increasingly popular with SMEs
with no hardware or software to manageand
can this service is delivered through a
browser[1,5].
“Platform as a Service (PaaS)”
Deliver a computing
platform and/or solution stack as a service,
often consuming cloud infrastructure and
sustaining cloud applications. It facilitates
deployment of applications without the cost
and complexity of buying and managing the
underlying hardware and software layers.
The platforms are built upon Infrastructure,
which is too expensive for a common user
and estimating demand is not a science. The
user’s configuration can be modified later by
this type of deliver model [3,5].
“Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)”
Deliver computer infrastructure – typically
a platform virtualization environment – as a
service, along with raw (block) storage and
networking. Suppliers typically bill such
services on a utility computing basis; the
amount of resources consumed. This will
typically reflect the level of activity. This
provides direct access to infrastructure
stack:-Full OS access, Firewalls [4,5].
Public Cloud: A Public cloud describes
cloud computing in the traditional
mainstream sense, whereby resources are
dynamically provisioned or to the general
public on a fine-grained, self-service basis
over the Internet, via web applications/web
services, from an off-site third-party provider
who bills on a fine-grained utility computing
basis.
Private Cloud: A Private cloud is
infrastructure which is operated solely for a
single organization [1, 2].
Hybrid Cloud: A Hybrid cloud is a mixture
of two or more clouds (private, community,
or public) that remain unique entities but are
bound together, offering the benefits of
multiple deployment models.
Community Cloud: Community cloud shares
their infrastructure between several cloud
organizations from a specific community
that’s related with common concerns like
security .Whether It has managed internally
or by a third-party and hosted internally or
externally[5,4,1].
[5].
Figure 3: The Concept of Cloud Computing
Advantages and Disadvantages:
Advantages of Cloud computing:
-Lower hardware cost: Users do not require
more hardware to use cloud computing
resources this is beneficial for thin Clients
[5].
-Flexibility: Users can quickly outsource
peaks of activity with a very short term
commitment [1,5].
-Lower IT cost: The chance of failure is less
because all clients are managed in a cloud
server [5].
-Reliability: The Provider has financial
strong to guarantee service availability.
-Data Security: Cloud managed the multiple
copies of the same data this work is done by
the help of mirrored servers.
-Ease of use: The quick and easy for non-
expert users to get started. Setting up
sophisticated virtual machines to support
complex applications is more difficult.
-Less power consumption: Cloud requires
less power for thin clients. We pay less to
power them.
-Easy to repair or replacement and less
noise: If a thin client dies can be easily
replaced and uses less power than it is less
noisy.
Disadvantages of Cloud computing:
-Generality: The clouds do not offer many of
the specific high-level services.
-Security: Users data is used in some
circumstances.
-Opacity: The cloud technologies gives
guarantee for a reliability and safety of cloud
operations but they are not made public.
-Rigidity: The cloud is generally located at a
single site, which increases risk of complete
cloud failure [3,5].
Advantages of Grid computing:
-Transparency: These technologies used are
with open source, encouraging trust and
transparency.
-Resilience: The grids are located at multiple
sites, which reduces the risk in the case of a
failure at one site that removes significant
resources from the infrastructure.
-Collaboration: The grid offers a variety of
services that provides an independent
platform for distributed and collective
work[6,8].
-Ownership: There is no owner in grid
resource ,to providers and maintain
ownership of the resources which they should
contribute to the grid[6].
Disadvantages of Grid computing:
-Reliability: The grids service on a
distributed manner by providing distributing
services which are maintained by distributed
staff, this results inconsistency in reliability
across individual sites, although the service
itself is always available[7].
-Complexity: Because of their complex
architecture the grids are very complicated to
build and difficult to use, and currently the
users require some level of expertise.
-Commercial: The grids are generally only
available for not-profit organizations for the
purpose of their work and for proof of
concept in the commercial sphere [8].
Similarities and Difference between Cloud
Computing and Grid Computing:
Differences:
Grid computing Cloud computing
Access provided for
shared computing
power and hardware
resources such as
storage capacity is
done by grid
computing by the
help of our desktop
Access provided for
leased computing
power and data
storage capacity is
done by cloud
computing by the
help of our desktop
Large institute such
as IIT, IIM in India
collaborates their
data for external use
.basically these
services are
provided by Big
The cloud services
are provided by the
individual company
such as Google,
Microsoft, and
Amazon etc.
Shared space is used
institutes, centers to
spread their services
all on the world.
Projects such as
SETI@home are
used with grid
computing
for using the cloud
services.
This services are
used by virtual
organization for
working on same
thing/project.
These services are
used by small scale
industries, medium
scale industries
according to their
commercial needs.
To pay for it, the
money has taken
from public funded
which is affiliated
by the government
org., providers and
authenticated users.
The cloud service
provider such as
google, Microsoft,
salesforce pays for
the computing
resources: the user
pays to use them
(pay as per their
use).
The computing
resources are find
globally, in
computing centers
distributed across
different sites such
as country, state,
continent.
The CSP private
data centers which
are often centralized
in a few locations
with their excellent
internet connections
with best bandwidth
and cheap electrical
power.
We use this because
no need to buy or
maintain the large
computer center and
it enables to
complete our work
more quickly and
solve more difficult
problems it also
enables to share
data with the team
in a very secure
way.
We use this because
no need to buy or
maintain the PC
(personal computer)
center and can be
able to quickly
access extra/empty
resources during
peak hours.
This is useful for to
handle large amount
This is very useful
for the best support
of sets of limited
time jobs that
generate or use
large amount of data
to use long term
services and day
longer running jobs
(E.g. facebook.com,
salesforce etc.)
The work is done by
the help of on open
source technology
which enables to
use the services
free.
The work is done by
the help of a
proprietary
technology (own
technology) .
Similarities:
Points to
discuss
Grid
Computing
Cloud
Computing
Scalability Yes Yes
Web
services
Yes Yes
Bandwidth
allocation
Yes Yes
Multi-
tenancy
Yes Yes
Multitasking Yes Yes
SLA Yes Yes
Storage Yes Yes
Conclusion:
In this paper we do a comparative study
between cloud computing and grid
computing by the help of the different factors
like scalability, bandwidth allocation and
architecture ,properties, the main thing we do
in this paper the comparison is related with
who, when, why, where. This paper also tells
the advantages and disadvantages of both
technologies. This paper tends with latest
technology [1,5,6].
References:
[1] Meiko Jenson and luigi lo lacono “On
Technical Security Issue in Cloud
Computing” ,2009 IEEE International
conference on cloud computing.
[2] Cong wang and wenjing lou “Privacy
Preserving public auditing for data storage
security in cloud computing “, Technical
program at IEEE INFOCOM 2010.
[3] Ramgovind s and Smith E “The
Management of security in colud computing”
.
[4] Cloud Computing: A Practical Approach
Anthony T. Velte Toby J. Velte, Robert
Elsenpeter, McGraw-Hill Publication, ISBN:
978-0-07-162695-8
[5] Cloud Computing: Web-Based
Applications That Change the Way You
Work and Collaborate Online, by Michial
miller, Que Publishing, ISBN-13: 978-0-
7897-3803-5
[6] The Grid Core Technologies ,Wiley
Publications,M. Li,Mark Baker, ISBN-10 0-
470-09417-6(PB)
[7] Grid Computing: Practical Guide To
Technology & Applications (Charles River
Media Networking/Security), Charles River
Media, ISBN-13: 978-1584502760
[8] Cloud Computing: Principles And
Paradigms (English), WILEY INDIA PVT.
LTD., ISBN-13- 9788126541256