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A PROJECT REPORT ON TIME MOTION STUDY as per NABH guidelines “ of DIALYSIS DEPARTMENT CONDUCTED AT FORTIS HOSPITAL ANANDAPUR SUBMITTED BY – PUJA MONDAL BHM 6 TH SEMESTER ROLL- 13 REG NO – 151541310021 DINABANDHU ANDREW’S INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

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Page 1: A PROJECT REPORT ON · Throughout my training period in FORTIS HOSPITAL I have learnt floor auditing. I have checked every patient’s file, whether all the documents were properly

A PROJECT REPORT ON “ TIME MOTION STUDY as per NABH guidelines “ of

DIALYSIS DEPARTMENT

CONDUCTED AT

FORTIS HOSPITAL ANANDAPUR

SUBMITTED BY – PUJA MONDAL

BHM 6TH

SEMESTER

ROLL- 13

REG NO – 151541310021

DINABANDHU ANDREW’S INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND

MANAGEMENT

Page 2: A PROJECT REPORT ON · Throughout my training period in FORTIS HOSPITAL I have learnt floor auditing. I have checked every patient’s file, whether all the documents were properly

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Every successful work is backed by sincerity and hard work. During this

two month tenure of my work, I was able to gain a lot of knowledge

both application and theory wise. My training period would not have

been possible without the wonderful support and guide of respected

trainers and official staffs.

I am very grateful to those people who have helped me in every ways of

training report.

I would like to express my warm and heart full gratitude towards Dr.

ARAFAT FAISAL ( MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT),Dr. SHIVA

PRASAD RAO BOBBA ( ASSISTANT MEDICAL

SUPERINTENDED), Dr. RASHTRI GHOSH ( CLINICAL

INSTRUCTOR ), MR. PRASANT KUMAR PADHI (Human Resource)

for selecting and accepting me as a management trainee in FORTIS

HOSPITAL (ANANDAPUR) . I am also thankful to MRS. SUJATA

SINGH ( NURSING EDUCATOR)for inducting me and for providing

their valuable guidance throughout the training period. I would also like

to thank the entire MEDICAL TEAM team for sharing their knowledge

and cooperating with me and for motivating me throughout.

I would like to thanks DR. SANJUKTA NANDY (principal,

DAITM) SURAJIT DAS (HOD) and MRS MOUMITA ROY(Project

guide) for the continues guidance and for giving me the opportunity to

complete my internship from FORTIS HOSPITAL ANANDAPUR

hospital.

Page 3: A PROJECT REPORT ON · Throughout my training period in FORTIS HOSPITAL I have learnt floor auditing. I have checked every patient’s file, whether all the documents were properly

DECLARATION

I do hereby declare that this project work entitled “TIME MOTION

STUDY as per NABH guidelines” OF DIALYSIS DEPARTMENT at “

FORTIS HOSPITAL ANANDAPUR” for 3months (9TH

JAN to 1st

APRIL), submitted by me in practical fulfillment for the requirement of

Bachelor Degree in Hospital Management (BHM) from Dinabandhu

Andrew’s Institute Of Technology & Management with the

collaboration of Maulana Abdul Kalam University Of Technology

(MAKAUT) is the result of my original and independent research work

carried out under the supervision and guidance from DAITM college.

I further declare this project work or any part of these has not been

submitted by me anywhere for the award of any degree or other similar

title before.

1. NAME- PUJA MONDAL

2. ROLL NO.-154033150021

3. REG NO.-1541310005

4. DURATION OF TRAINING- 3 Month

5. (Signature of the Student) -

6. For office use only-

7.The project has been approve/ not -

Page 4: A PROJECT REPORT ON · Throughout my training period in FORTIS HOSPITAL I have learnt floor auditing. I have checked every patient’s file, whether all the documents were properly

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

As a part of a special internship program, I was allowed to get hands on

experience of working with trained professionals of the hospital industry

and learning about the nuances of handling and managing operations in

the DIALYSIS DEPARTMENT.

Throughout my training period in FORTIS HOSPITAL I have learnt

floor auditing. I have checked every patient’s file, whether all the

documents were properly arranged according to the NABH guidelines or

not. I also learnt “nursing educational” part, whether they gave the exam

or not, whether they attain respective classes or not.I have done time

motion study in the dialysis department, the average time of stay of the

patient, how much time the technician took for priming, how much time

the nurses took for dressing.

Lastly, to summarize, my overall experience has been a very fruitful

one. It was a good learning experience for me and gave me the first

exposure to gain knowledge about the working of the hospital industry.

Page 5: A PROJECT REPORT ON · Throughout my training period in FORTIS HOSPITAL I have learnt floor auditing. I have checked every patient’s file, whether all the documents were properly

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SERIAL

NUMBER

TOPIC

1 Introduction

2 Company Profile

3 Review of Literature

4 Training Objective

5 About the Department

6 Research Methodology

7 Discussion & Findings

8 Conclusion

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INTRODUCTION

One of the largest integrated healthcare delivery networks in Asia

Pacific.

Fortis Healthcare Limited is a leading, pan Asia-Pacific integrated

healthcare delivery provider. The healthcare verticals of the company

span diagnostics, primary care, day care specialty & hospital, with an

asset base in 3 countries, many of which represent the fastest-growing

healthcare delivery markets in the world.

Currently, the company operates its healthcare delivery network in India,

Mauritius & Sri Lanka, with over 10,000 potential beds, 240 diagnostic

and 17,000 employees, 65 healthcare delivery facilities, 33 operating

facilities, 120 satellites & heart Command Centre. They have 4 JCL

certified hospital in the country.

Fortis Healthcare is driven by the vision of becoming a global leader in

the integrated healthcare delivery space and larger purpose of saving and

enriching lives through clinical excellence.

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FORTIS HOSPITAL, ANANDAPUR

Commissioned on 9th

January, 2011 Fortis Hospital, Kolkata is a 400

bedded super specialty hospital located in EM Bypass Road. It is a part

of India’s leading healthcare providers- Fortis Healthcare Ltd. Focusing

on the tertiary care of super specialty like cardiology and cardiac

surgery, bone & joint care, brain & spine care, digestive care, urology &

nephrology, Emergency care and Critical care. Our amenities include

24-hours accident and emergency services including trauma treatment,

ambulance services, blood bank, cath lab, preventive health checkup,

diagnostic lab. We have 14 NABH certified hospitals in the country.

Fortis Anandapur is NABH accredited.

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“VISION”

SAVING AND ENRICHING LIVES.

“MISSION”

GLOBALLY RESPECTED HEALTHCARE

ORGANIZATION RECOGNIZED FOR CLINICAL

EXCELLENCE AND DISTINCTIVE PATIENT CARE.

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FORTIS LOGO :

The Fortis symbol comprises of two human hands that encloses human

forms. The integration of hands and the human figure represents Fortis’s

responsive approach to healthcare. It is the assurance of patient centric

care. In fact, this symbol engages a constant reminder of their mission

while for audiences outside the organization and for both external and

internal stakeholders.

The Fortis logotype consists of specially hand drawn lettering form to

give weight to signify solidity and scale. The capital “F” clearly cues

leadership. The green colour represents health and well-being while the

red beings dynamism and energy. Vibrant, memorable and

contemporary corporate signature is a fitting face for an organization

that seeks to excel, lead and serve.

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FORTIS INITIATIVES:

Sparkle is an initiative to improve & meet international standards of

cleanliness at Fortis. To keep our hospital clean we follow the 5S

concept:

5-“S” include:-

� Sparkle-sort

� Straighten

� Shine

� Systematize

� Sustain

FORTIS VALUES :

� Patient Centricity –

• Commit to ‘best outcomes and experience’ for our patients.

• Treat patients and their care givers with compassion, care and

understanding.

• Our patients’ needs will come first.

� Integrity :

• Be principled, organization’s need.

• Model and live our ‘values’.

• Demonstrate moral courage to speak up and do the right things.

� Teamwork:

• Proactively support each other and operate as one team.

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• Respect and value people at all levels with different opinions,

experiences and backgrounds.

• Put organization’s need before self-interest.

� Ownership:

• Be responsible and take pride in our actions.

• Take initiative and go beyond the call of duty.

• Deliver commitment and agreement made.

� Innovation:

• Continuously improve and innovate to exceed expectation

• Adopt a ‘can-do’ attitude.

• Challenge ourselves to do things differently.

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FLOOR DETECTION:

LEVEL-B-2 - Car Parking

LEVEL-B-1 - Mortuary, Engineering Room, staff Changing Room

LEVEL-1 – Main reception, Admission & Discharge, Billing, Gastro

OPD & Endoscopy, Ortho-Neuro OPD, Emergency, Nest OPD &

radiology, OP pharmacy.

LEVEL-2 – Physiotherapy, Urology OPD, SRL lab, blood bank, HDU

unit & Dialysis.

LEVEL-3 – Multi Ward, Administration office, Main store, IP

pharmacy

LEVEL-4 – Cardiac OPD, CCSD, CCU, &Cath lab

LEVEL-5 – SICU, Operation Theatre

LEVEL-6 – Cafeteria, AHU, Kitchen, Dietetic Room, IT server Room.

LEVEL-7 – Wards

LEVEL-8 – Wards

Level-9 –Wards

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FORTIS CULTURE- INDICATORS-

DIFFERENTIATING FACTORS:

JAM JA JEE

16TH

TEETH

SMILE

BILI-BELIEVE IT

OR LEAVE IT

TIMJ2-THIS IS

MY JOB TOO

PATIENT

FIRST

EMPATHY

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SERVICES AVAILABLE AT FORTIS :

• Accident and Emergency

• Anesthesiology

• Blood Bank

• Brain & Spine Surgery

• Cardiology

• Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery

• Cath lab

• Critical Care

• Dental

• Dermatology

• Diabetology& Endocrinology

• Endoscopy

• ENT

• Gastroenterology

• General Medicine

• Maxillofacial Surgery

• Medical Oncology

• Nephrology

• Neurology

• Obstetrics & Gynecology

• Ophthalmology

• Orthopaedics& Rheumatology

• Pathology

• Paediatrics

• Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation

• Plastic Surgery

• Psychology & psychiatry

• Pulmonology

• Radiology & imaging

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• Urology

SERVICES NOT AVAILABLE AT FORTIS :

• Patients burns more than 10%

• Patients suffering from Psychiatric Disorder

• Radiation Oncology

• Nuclear Medicine

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REVIEW OF LITERATURE

J Biomed Inform. 2014 Jun: Time motion studies were first

described in the early 20th century in industrial engineering, referring to

a quantitative data collection method where an external observer

captured detailed data on the duration and movements required to

accomplish a specific task, coupled with an analysis focused on

improving efficiency. Since then, they have been broadly adopted by

biomedical researchers and have become a focus of attention due to the

current interest in clinical workflow related factors. However, attempts

to aggregate results from these studies have been difficult, resulting from

a significant variability in the implementation and reporting of methods.

While efforts have been made to standardize the reporting of such data

and findings, a lack of common understanding on what "time motion

studies" are remains, which not only hinders reviews, but could also

partially explain the methodological variability in the domain literature

(duration of the observations, number of tasks, multitasking, training

rigor and reliability assessments) caused by an attempt to cluster

dissimilar sub-techniques. We provide a detailed description of the

distinct methods used in articles referenced or classified as "time motion

studies", and conclude that currently it is used not only to define the

original technique, but also to describe a broad spectrum of studies

whose only common factor is the capture and/or analysis of the duration

of one or more events.

J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2011 Sep-Oct : Time and motion

studies (F02.784.412.846.707), workflow (L01.906.893), health

information technology (L01.700), medical informatics applications

(L01.700.508), collaborative technologies, personal health records and

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self-care systems, developing/using clinical decision support (other than

diagnostic) and guideline systems, systems supporting patient-provider

interaction, human-computer interaction and human-centered

computing, improving healthcare workflow and process efficiency,

system implementation and management issues, social/organizational

study, qualitative/ethnographic field study, cognitive study (including

experiments emphasizing verbal protocol analysis and usability),

methods for integration of information from disparate sources,

information storage and retrieval (text and images), data exchange,

communication, integration across care settings (inter- and intra-

enterprise), visualization of data and knowledge, developing/using

computerized provider order entry

MarceloLopetegui: Time motion studies were first described in the

early 20th century in industrial engineering, referring to a quantitative

data collection method where an external observer captured detailed data

on the duration and movements required to accomplish a specific task,

coupled with an analysis focused on improving efficiency. Since then,

they have been broadly adopted by biomedical researchers and have

become a focus of attention due to the current interest in clinical

workflow related factors.

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TRAINING OBJECTIVE

• To understand the proper overall procedure and principle of

functioning of the Dialysis department

• To have a clear concept of how the Dialysis department work in

the hospital and knowing their respective functions.

• To understand the application of managerial tools techniques

involved in the organization.

• To put the theoretical knowledge into practical experiences.

• To observe the flow of work with proper coordination and

synchronization as it happens

• To have a clear concept of NABH guidelines

• To identify the proper time motion study of the various department

• To calculate the average length of stay

• To done the floor auditing

• Ro identify if there any drawbacks or problems occurring in the

Dialysis department

• To be able to provide proper suggestions for the betterment or

improvement of the respective problems.

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ABOUT THE DEPARTMENT

DIALYSIS DEPARTMENT

In medicine, dialysis is the process of removing excess water, solutes,

and toxins from the blood in those whose native kidneys have lost the

ability to perform these functions in a natural way. This is referred to as

renal replacement therapy.

Dialysis may be used in those with rapidly developing loss of kidney

function, called acutekidney injury (previously called acute renal

failure); or slowly worsening kidney function, called Stage 5 chronic

kidney disease (previously called chronic kidney failure and end-stage

renal disease and end-stage kidney disease).

Dialysis is used as a temporary measure in either acute kidney injury or

in those awaiting kidney transplant and as a permanent measure in those

for whom a transplant is not indicated or not possible.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF DIALYSIS :

DIALYSIS

HEMODIALYSIS PERITONEAL DIALYSIS

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HAEMODIALYSIS:

Page 21: A PROJECT REPORT ON · Throughout my training period in FORTIS HOSPITAL I have learnt floor auditing. I have checked every patient’s file, whether all the documents were properly

Haemodialysis, CRRT and SLED are similar procedure and use the

same principle (membrane filtration). At thestart of the session, needles

are inserted into the AV fistula/ graft and taped into place. In some

patients, an existing vascular access port (e.g. Internal

Jugular/Subclavian vein ) may be used to connect the dialysis machine

instead of an AV fistula/graft. Blood is slowly removed and transferred

through a tube to a dialysis machine which is made up of

membranes. These membranes filter waste products from blood, which

are passed into the dialyser fluid. The ‘dirty’ dialysate fluid is pumped

out of the dialyser and the ‘clean’ blood is passed back into the body

through the second needle. The

session. A dialysis session takes around four hours to complete because

blood needs to be removed, filtered and replace slowly, in CAPD, tube is

inserted into the abdominal cavity and the peritoneum is used as the

filtering membrane.

PERITONEAL DIALYSIS:

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a treatment that uses the lining of your

abdomen (belly area), called your peritoneum, and a cleaning solution

called dialysate to clean your blood. Dialysate absorbs waste and fluid

Haemodialysis, CRRT and SLED are similar procedure and use the

same principle (membrane filtration). At thestart of the session, needles

are inserted into the AV fistula/ graft and taped into place. In some

patients, an existing vascular access port (e.g. Internal

Jugular/Subclavian vein ) may be used to connect the dialysis machine

instead of an AV fistula/graft. Blood is slowly removed and transferred

through a tube to a dialysis machine which is made up of

membranes. These membranes filter waste products from blood, which

are passed into the dialyser fluid. The ‘dirty’ dialysate fluid is pumped

out of the dialyser and the ‘clean’ blood is passed back into the body

through the second needle. The needles are removed at the end of

session. A dialysis session takes around four hours to complete because

blood needs to be removed, filtered and replace slowly, in CAPD, tube is

inserted into the abdominal cavity and the peritoneum is used as the

PERITONEAL DIALYSIS:

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a treatment that uses the lining of your

abdomen (belly area), called your peritoneum, and a cleaning solution

called dialysate to clean your blood. Dialysate absorbs waste and fluid

Haemodialysis, CRRT and SLED are similar procedure and use the

same principle (membrane filtration). At thestart of the session, needles

are inserted into the AV fistula/ graft and taped into place. In some

patients, an existing vascular access port (e.g. Internal

Jugular/Subclavian vein ) may be used to connect the dialysis machine

instead of an AV fistula/graft. Blood is slowly removed and transferred

through a tube to a dialysis machine which is made up of a series of

membranes. These membranes filter waste products from blood, which

are passed into the dialyser fluid. The ‘dirty’ dialysate fluid is pumped

out of the dialyser and the ‘clean’ blood is passed back into the body

needles are removed at the end of

session. A dialysis session takes around four hours to complete because

blood needs to be removed, filtered and replace slowly, in CAPD, tube is

inserted into the abdominal cavity and the peritoneum is used as the

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a treatment that uses the lining of your

abdomen (belly area), called your peritoneum, and a cleaning solution

called dialysate to clean your blood. Dialysate absorbs waste and fluid

Page 22: A PROJECT REPORT ON · Throughout my training period in FORTIS HOSPITAL I have learnt floor auditing. I have checked every patient’s file, whether all the documents were properly

from your blood, using your peritoneum as a filter. One benefit of PD is

that it is not done in a dialysis center. You can do your PD treatments

any place that is clean and dry. This can allow you more freedom to

work, travel or do other activities you enjoy without worrying about

scheduling dialysis appointments. The two most common types of PD

are continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD) and continuous cycler-

assisted PD (CCPD).

During peritoneal dialysis, a cleansing fluid (dialysate) is circulated

through a tube (catheter) inside part of your abdominal cavity

(peritoneal cavity). The dialysate absorbs waste products from blood

vessels in your abdominal lining (peritoneum) and then is drawn back

out of your body and discarded.

INTENDED BENEFITS:

� Provide an alternative for reduced kidney function.

� Removal of waste products from the blood.

� Removal of extra fluid from the body.

� Improving quality of life.

SYMPTOMS OF DIALYSIS:

� Lethargy.

� Weakness.

� Shortness of breath.

� Generalized swelling (edema)

� Generalized weakness due to anemia.

� Loss of appetite.

� Lethargy.

� Fatigue.

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BENEFITS OF DIALYSIS

Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for many people with

end-stage kidney disease. A successful kidney transplant can improve

your quality of life and reduce your risk of dying. Ideally, patients who

are eligible to get a kidney transplant do so before ever starting

on dialysis.

They also help control blood pressure and regulate the levels of

chemicals in the blood, such as sodium, or salt, and potassium.

Without dialysis, salts and other waste products will accumulate in the

blood and poison the body. However, dialysis isn't a cure for kidney

disease or other problems affecting the kidneys.

Pros of hemodialysis

• When AV fistulas are used for vascular access, the risks complications

of hemodialysis are reduced.

• AV fistulas for hemodialysis can last many years, longer than

transplanted kidneys, catheters for peritoneal dialysis and other forms of

vascular access, with usually no need for additional surgical

intervention.

• Hemodialysis at dialysis centers is done 3 times weekly leaving most of

the week dialysis free.

• Trained staff at the centers continuously supervise and monitor patient’s

health and treatments

• Hemodialysis at treatment centers allows for social interactions with

people undergoing the same process

• Hemodialysis sessions can be used for work, reading and relaxation

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• Hemodialysis carries a relatively low risk of infection

• Hemodialysis can also be done at home, at your own convenience.

Hemodialysis done at home is generally done daily, with assistance from

a partner.

• Nocturnal hemodialysis done at home is a relatively gentle form of

treatment, leaving the patient feeling stronger

• Nocturnal hemodialysis allows for sense of normality and for regular

work/school schedules

Cons of hemodialysis

• If hemodialysis is done in a clinic you will to travel to the clinic, and

spend 3-4 hours there each session.

• Hemodialysis schedule must be stringently kept.

• Travel is more complex, requiring advance planning and arrangements.

• Diet and fluid restrictions must be adhered to strictly.

• Fistula may seem ungainly and ugly to patient

• If undergoing home hemodialysis, a partner must be home, and must be

involved in the nursing.

• If done at home space, electrical and plumbing needs must be considered

• Possible side effects include low blood pressure, shortness of breath and

nausea.

DIALYSIS MACHINE

The dialysis machine mixes and monitors the dialysate. Dialysate is the

fluid that helps remove the unwanted waste products from your blood. It

also helps get your electrolytes and minerals to their proper levels in

your body. The machine also monitors the flow of your blood while it is

outside of your body. You may hear an alarm go off from time to time.

This is how the machine lets us know that something needs to be

checked.

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TIME AND MOTION STUDY

As per NABH guidelines

TIME STUDY is defined as a work measurement technique for

recording the times and rates of working for the elements of a specified

job carried out under specified conditions and for analyzing the data to

determine the time necessary for carrying out the job at a defined level

of performance.

MOTION STUDY implies dividing the work into fundamental

elements or basic operations of a job or a process with the object of

eliminating unnecessary or defective elements in a job. After

investigating all movements in a job, process or operation it finds out the

most scientific and systematic method of performing the operation or

completing the job.

OBJECTIVES

1. They eliminate unnecessary motions, fatigue, and seek to improve

human efforts in doing a job.

2. They bring about improvement in method, procedure, techniques

and processes relating to a job.

3. They make effective utilization of materials, machines, human

resources.

4. They also improve layout and design of plant and equipment and

working environment.

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BENEFITS

1. Optimum utilization of materials, plant, labour and financial

resources are possible.

2. Labour requirements can be properly assessed.

3. Job can be standardized.

4. Improvement in work methods by making comparison between

time taken to complete a job and time taken to complete the same

type of job under different methods.

5. Effective cost control and proper planning can be made with the

help of time and motion study.

HEALTH CARE TIME AND MOTION STUDIES measure

time and motion of health care workers to research and track efficiency

and quality. In the case of nurses, numerous programs have been

initiated to increase the percent of a shift nurses spend providing direct

care to patients. Prior to interventions nurses were found to spend ~20%

of their time doing direct care. After focused intervention, some

hospitals doubled that number, with some even exceeding 70% of shift

time with patients, resulting in reduced errors, codes, and falls.

A time and motion study is used to determine the amount of

time required for a specific activity, work function, or mechanical

process. Few such studies have been reported in the in-patient

department & outpatient department of the hospital.

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The present trend toward increased efficiency in all kinds of skilled

work has brought about a

The term “time study” and “motion study” have been given many

interpretations since their origin. Time study, originated by Taylor was

mainly used for rate setting; and motion study, developed by the

Gilbreths, was largely employed for improving methods, one group saw

time study only as a means of determining the size of the task that

should constitute a day's work, using the stop watch as the timing

device. Another group saw motion study only as an expensive an

elaborate technique for determining a good method of doing work.

Today the discussion of the comparative value of using either the one or

the other of the two techniques has largely passed; industry has found

that motion study and time study are insepara

in many sectors now demonstrates. Taking cognizance of present trends

and recognizing the fact that motion study always precedes the setting of

The present trend toward increased efficiency in all kinds of skilled

work has brought about a widespread interest in motion and time study.

The term “time study” and “motion study” have been given many

interpretations since their origin. Time study, originated by Taylor was

mainly used for rate setting; and motion study, developed by the

was largely employed for improving methods, one group saw

time study only as a means of determining the size of the task that

should constitute a day's work, using the stop watch as the timing

device. Another group saw motion study only as an expensive an

elaborate technique for determining a good method of doing work.

Today the discussion of the comparative value of using either the one or

the other of the two techniques has largely passed; industry has found

that motion study and time study are inseparable, as their combined use

in many sectors now demonstrates. Taking cognizance of present trends

and recognizing the fact that motion study always precedes the setting of

The present trend toward increased efficiency in all kinds of skilled

widespread interest in motion and time study.

The term “time study” and “motion study” have been given many

interpretations since their origin. Time study, originated by Taylor was

mainly used for rate setting; and motion study, developed by the

was largely employed for improving methods, one group saw

time study only as a means of determining the size of the task that

should constitute a day's work, using the stop watch as the timing

device. Another group saw motion study only as an expensive and

elaborate technique for determining a good method of doing work.

Today the discussion of the comparative value of using either the one or

the other of the two techniques has largely passed; industry has found

ble, as their combined use

in many sectors now demonstrates. Taking cognizance of present trends

and recognizing the fact that motion study always precedes the setting of

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a time standard. Time-motion study may be used for two purposes: (1)

To assist in finding the most efficient method of doing work; and (2) to

assist in training individuals to understand the meaning of time-motion

importance, and when the training is carried out with sufficient

thoroughness, to enable them to become proficient in applying time-

motion principles.

Today, the Indian hospital systems has in a state of transition and

outpatient services in tertiary hospitals face daunting challenges, such as

evolving technologies and reimbursement policies, demographic trends,

competing fiscal demands, and a worsening skilled workforce shortage.

This point in time also affords a unique opportunity as the India is in the

midst of one of the largest health services and renovation booms in

history. A reconsideration of skilled health work force and work

processes holds the potential to affect the efficiency and effectiveness of

healthcare delivery for the foreseeable future. Bold changes in the

outpatient work environment are imperative to ensure the sustainability

and affordability of the outpatient as part of the Indian healthcare

delivery system.

There is requirement to note the record of accountability staff

and time spent debriefing and to make sure that an explanation

of the debriefing is noted in the additional information of the

data collection form.

A time and motion study is a scientific method for recording

time spent on a variety of tasks. The methods used in the study

have been done in a narrow range of specialized work settings,

such as the initial registration and nutritional assessment of the

children. The results have to be very accurate since the mothers

in the study record the amount of time spent on specific tasks.

The sum for each specific case type, that is, old/new registration

was averaged to yield the average time spent, but this value used

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in the calculations did not determine the need for an additional

time.

To the extent operations are concerned, time and motion study is one of

the better methods for determining the capacity of the hospital and

furthermore the particular time when the effectiveness and productivity

can be improved. This study is a proper answer to determine the “time”

taken to finish a certain task by a particular department.

Time and Motion studies outline the ground work and facilitate to arrive

at a better capacity, robust planning system which will lead the

operations of a hospital to operational excellence.

Basics on How to Do a Time and Motion Study Includes

• Look closely at the present task/current situation

• Identify the opportunities to be more efficient

• Modify the current process that is followed

• Examine if it produces the expected outcomes

• Rinse and repeat

Time and Motion study is an observation method used to decide the

timing and duration of tasks or procedures. It is a work measurement

technique used for recording the times and rates of working for the

components of a specified job carried out under specified conditions and

for analyzing data. The study helps in reducing and controlling costs,

enhancing working conditions and motivating individuals.

At the point when the time taken to finish a task is measured, machine

delays, personal needs, exhaustion, and any other foreign obstruction are

likewise considered. Effectively a job is separated into its parts. The

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time taken to finish every part is noted. Furthermore, the parts are

ordered or rearranged, keeping efficiency in mind.

A Time Standard is a vital part of Time and Motion Study. A time

standard considers three factors: qualified laborer, working at a normal

pace and doing a specific task.

A comprehensive time study comprises of:

• Study objective setting.

• Experimental design.

• Time data collection

• Data analysis.

The collection of time data should be done in a few ways, depending

upon study objective and environmental conditions. Time and motion

data can be taken with a typical stopwatch, a handheld PC or a video

recorder. There are various dedicated software packages used to

transform a palmtop or a handheld PC into a time study device. As an

option, time and motion data can be gathered consequently from the

memory of computer control machines (i.e. computerized time studies).

However, Time and Motion study is an essential tool for further

improvement in productivity and operations in any Health care

organization.

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

PLACE OF STUDY: FORTIS HOSPITAL, ANANDAPUR

730, Eastern Metropolis Bypass Road, Anandapur, East Kolkata

Township, Kolkata, West Bengal

E-mail :

Phone : 03366284444

DURATION OF STUDY:

9th

February to 1st April

SPECIALISED DEPARTMENT:

DIALYSIS DEPARTMENT

SOURCES OF DATA :

i. Primary Observation

ii. Annexure

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DATA ANALYSIS

Total number of patients observed in dialysis department

during observation period : 50

(Time taken for pre-procedure in dialysis department )

Time 1mins 2mins 3mins 4mins 5mins

No. of

patients

23 15 4 7 1

No.of patient

1 mins

2 mins

3 mins

4 mins

5 mins

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(Time taken by the technicians for priming)

Time Less than 5

mins

More than 5

mins

More than 10

mins

No. of Patients 13 20 3

(Time taken by the technicians for returning)

Time Less than 5 mins More than 5 mins

No. of patient 31 19

0

5

10

15

20

25

Less than 5 mins More than 5 mins More than 10

mins

No. of patients

No. of patients

No. of patients

Less than 5 mins

More than 5 mins

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(Time taken by the nurses for dressing the patient)

Time Less than 5 mins More than 5

mins

More than 10

mins

No. of

patients

24 19 1

No. of patients

Less than 5 mins

More than 5 mins

More than 10 mins

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CONCLUSION

I have worked on Fortis Hospital, Anandapur, Kolkata as a trainee under

the DIALYSIS Department under the guidance of Mr. Shiva Prasad Rao

Bobba ( Assistant Medical Superintended).

During my project I have learned a lots of things. I collected various

data on the basis of dialysis department. I also came to know about

various factors associated with this, I came to know about various

different rules and regulation as well as some of the procedure of

particular department.

All the management team and the employees also the technicians and

nurses coordinate with me very well and they help me a lot during the

time.

I shall be grateful if this study and findings prove beneficial to the

hospital services anyway.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Most of the data and information was collected during the period of

training and regular interaction with the patients and other staff of the

department and Others:-

� www.google.com

� www.fortishealthcare.com