8 th grade grammar

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8 th Grade Grammar Vocabulary and Notes

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8 th Grade Grammar. Vocabulary and Notes. Grammar Lesson 4. Vocabulary Bicameral: a government term meaning “having two branches, chambers, or houses.” Impeachment: the process of bringing formal charges against a public official. Proper Nouns. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: 8 th  Grade Grammar

8th Grade Grammar

Vocabulary and Notes

Page 2: 8 th  Grade Grammar

Grammar Lesson 4

• Vocabulary

• Bicameral: a government term meaning “having two branches, chambers, or houses.”

• Impeachment: the process of bringing formal charges against a public official.

Page 3: 8 th  Grade Grammar

Proper Nouns

• A common noun doesn’t name a specific person, place, or thing.

• Proper nouns name a specific person, place, or thing.

• Proper nouns need to be capitalized.

• Common nouns are capitalized when they are part of a proper noun.

• Small words in proper nouns are not capitalized unless they are the first or last word.

Page 4: 8 th  Grade Grammar

Concrete, Abstract, and Collective Nouns

• A concrete noun names a person, place, or thing.

• Concrete nouns may be common or proper.

• An abstract noun names something that cannot be seen or touched. Abstract nouns name something you can think about.

• A collective noun names a collection of persons, places, or things.

Page 5: 8 th  Grade Grammar

Grammar Lesson 5

• Vocabulary

• Affection: fondness or devotion

• Affectation: phoniness, pretension, and artificiality

Page 6: 8 th  Grade Grammar

Verb Tense

• Tense means time.

• Verbs tell us what action is occurring and when it is happening.

• Verb form, or tense, changes to show when the action takes place.

• Three simple verb tenses:• Present

• Past

• Future

Page 7: 8 th  Grade Grammar

Present Tense

• Present tense – shows that action is happening now.

• Add an s when the subject is singular.

• Don’t add an s when the pronoun is I or you.

• Add an es when the verb ends in s, x, z, ch, or sh, and the subject is singular.

• When a verb ends in a consonant and a y, change the y to i and add es for the singular form.

Page 8: 8 th  Grade Grammar

Past Tense

• Past tense shows action that has already occurred.

• Add an ed to form the past tense of regular verbs.

• When one-syllable verbs end in a consonant, double the consonant and add ed.

• When a verb ends in e, drop the e and add ed.

• When a verb ends in y, change the y to i and add ed.

Page 9: 8 th  Grade Grammar

Errors to Avoid

• Do not use present tense form to express past tense.

• Do not shift from past to present in the same phrase.

Page 10: 8 th  Grade Grammar

Grammar Lesson 6

• Vocabulary

• Placate: to calm or to satisfy

• Pacifist: a person who opposes war or violence

Page 11: 8 th  Grade Grammar

Helping Verbs

• A main verb in a sentence may have one or more helping verbs.

• The main verb shows action.

• Helping verbs do not show action, but help form verb tense.

• Common helping verbs to memorize:• Is, am, are, was, were, be, being, been, has, have, had, may, might,

must, can, could, do

• Does, did, shall, will, should, would

Page 12: 8 th  Grade Grammar