7.03 Special Dietary Needs 09

Allergies- carefully read food labels

- itchy rash, nasal congestion & diarrhea

Osteoporosis- weak bones due to

calcium deficiency

Dairy allergy- lactose intolerant- bloating, diarrhea, gas, stomach pain

A. 2.Diet related diseases

• Read SFL p 311- 313 and make notes on each &/or see following slides

• a. High blood pressure

• b. Diabetes

• c. Osteoporosis

• d. Cancer

3. Lactose intolerance

A. 2.Diet related diseases

• a. High blood pressure– Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing

against the walls of the arteries– High blood pressure usually has no symptoms

until it leads to problems with the heart, brain, or kidneys.

A. 2.Diet related diseases

• b. Diabetes– The pancreas produces no or little insulin– The body is unable to use carbohydrates

properly– If a diabetic acts strange, they need sugar not

insulin

A. 2.Diet related diseases

• c. Osteoporosis– A disease that weakens bones, often causing

severe fractures. It occurs primarily in people over 50 years of age

– It is caused from a depletion of calcium in the body. It results in porous & brittle bones.

A. 2.Diet related diseases

• d. Cancer– Refers to a disease in which abnormal cells

divide uncontrollably and invade other body tissues. The abnormal cells may also spread to other parts of the body

– The American Cancer Society recommends you eat an abundance of fruits and vegetables each day as well as whole grains.

A. 2.Diet related diseases

Lactose intolerance

-A form of food intolerance in which the body is unable to digest dairy products that contain lactose.

-Lactose is a sugar that is

broken down into glucose

by the enzyme lactase.

Sports Nutritionathletes should eat complex-t-carbohydrates 3-4

hours before competingdrink lots of water to avoid dehydration

-Increase calorie intake

-Eat plenty of iron-rich foods

-Meet calcium needs to avoid bone fractures

-Supplements such as energy bars, sports drinks and protein shakes should not replace healthy food

Anabolic steroids are drugs that may cause teens to stop growing, does cause high blood pressure, heart & liver damage

C. Diet and Stages of Life

• Read SFL p 306-312 and write 2 facts for each &/or see following slides

• Nutrition before birth

• Nutrition in infancy

• Nutrition for children

• Nutrition for teens

• Nutrition for adults

• Nutrition for older adults

C. Diet and Stages of Life

• Nutrition before birth• Pg women need folic acid

– An unborn child only gets nutrients through the mother’s diet.

– Pregnant women should consume 2-3 dailyservings from the milk group and 2 added servings from the grains groupfor calories.– An extra serving from both the fruit and vegetable groups will provide needed vitamins, minerals and fiber

C. Diet and Stages of Life

• Nutrition in infancy– Breast milk or formula is a baby’s first food.

Breast milk is designed to meet most of the baby’s nutrient needs. Formula also provides needed nutrients.

– Babies need vitamin C early in life

– Babies should not be given

solid foods before 4 months.

C. Diet and Stages of Life

• Nutrition for children– Preschoolers need larger portions of nutrients

to support their rapid growth. Vitamins A & C are vital during this period. Raw fruits & vegetables can be given as snacks to meet the vitamin needs

– School age children need the energy and nutrients provided by milk,

breads, meats, fruits and vegetables

C. Diet and Stages of Life

• Nutrition for teens– Rapid growth during the teen years creates

great nutritional needs. Busy schedules often cause teens to skip meals.

– Many teens select snack foods

high in fats and sugars and low

in other nutrients. Therefore,

nutrient needs do not always

get met.

C. Diet and Stages of Life

• Nutrition for adults– Gradually metabolism begins to slow, causing

adults to need fewer calories– The need for nutrients does not

diminish. Adults need healthy

foods that will supply the

Nutrients and calories.

Ex. Fruit Juice over Cola

C. Diet and Stages of Life

• Nutrition for older adults– Many older adults are less active than younger

adults, which causes them to need fewer calories.

– Older adults still need the same amount of most nutrients as they did when they were younger.

– The need for calcium actually increases for adults over 50