60 seconds…

• Write down anything you want– we will not be sharing out loud

Personality is…

• Characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting– It is what makes us unique

Today – focus on biological roots, nurture of environment, self-serving bias, and cultural influences

• Psychoanalytic– Childhood sexuality

and unconscious drive personality

• Humanistic– Inner capacities for

growth and self-fulfillment drive personality

Psychoanalysis – NOTHING IS ACCIDENTAL

• Freud– Hypnosis (lacked something, think testing…)

– Free association– Personality is – what arises from

conflict between impulse and restraint

• What does that mean?

Where else did we talk about Freud this year?

So how do we break into our unconscious? What is our unconscious?

Just for reference if

you need it…

So let’s go back to his definition of personality again

• Arises from the conflict between impulse and restraint

– Which is the biological function, which is the social contrast?

Psychoanalytical Personality

Development

• Freudian stages

• (id dominated)– Psychosexual phases

thru erogenous zones

Psychosexual Stages Chart

Freud Applications

• Oedipus or Electra Complexes

What is anxiety?

• What role does the Ego play in anxiety?

• Unresolved conflicts = fixation on a psychosexual phase

Defense Mechanisms – reduce/redirect anxiety by distorting reality• Repression

– Underlies ALL OTHER DM’S– Seen thru dreams and slips of the tongue

• Regression– Homesick from camp/college– Thumb sucking

• Reaction formation– I hate him/her because I love him/her.

• Projection– She or he doesn’t trust me = I don’t trust myself

• Rationalization– “Social drinkers”

• Displacement– Everyday of your teenage life…

• Denial– S/he would never cheat on me…– It’s going to be different this time…

Neo-Freudians

• Took basic ideas and a. Focused more on consciousness

b. Discussed items outside of sex and aggression

Psycho

analytic

= Freud

Psycho

dynami

c = all about the unconscious

based on but outside of Freudian stages and/or

id, ego, superego

Alfred Adler• Childhood is important, focus on

social not sexual tensions– Inferiority complex– Fictional finalism

• The ends justify the means• all men created equal

– Birth order studies

• PRONOUNCED HORN-EYE• Basic anxiety studies• 3 ways we relate to others (toward, away, against)• Womb envy• Childhood anxiety caused by dependent child’s helplessness– Triggers desire for love and security– Believed Freud to be SUPER biased

Carl Jung

• Less emphasis on social, more on repression

• Archetypes (self, shadow)

• Collective unconscious– Why are people spiritual?

• Who do you mourn more and why?– Victims of Sandy Hook?– Collateral damage of 22

victims in Afghanistan?

Assessing the unconscious

• Projective tests– TAT: Thematic Apperception Test– Rorschach Inkblot

Why can’t I trust my husband?

Rorschach Inkblot

• Highly subjective

• Today used as an icebreaker in psychoanalysis

• Inner feelings or mindset linked to interpretation of inkblot

Criticisms of Freud/Psychoanalysis

• Freud and Ford

• But!– Where’s the social aspect?– Cultural aspect?– Evolutionary traits?

• Loftus studies and repression vs. false memory

Where is Freud correct?

• We have limited access to our minds• The unconscious goes into…

– Two track mind– Schemas– Priming– Split brain– Parallel processing– Implicit memories– Emotions before analysis of event– Self concept and stereotypes

• Defense mechanisms and false consensus effects

Conclusion

• WE DEFEND OURSELVES AGAINST ANXIETY– How do we go about doing that? I don’t

know… ask Freud.

• Application– Terror management theory

What is going through your mind?

Terror Management Theory

– People explore emotions and have certain behavioral responses when dealing with impending death