5 Themes of Geography:5 Themes of Geography:Caribbean PresentationCaribbean Presentation

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Mrs. Kavalow-Huie’s Period 8 ClassMrs. Kavalow-Huie’s Period 8 Class

Group 1Group 1

LocationLocation

• 8888°° W to 58 W to 58°° W W• 1111° N° N to 26 to 26°° N N• South of FloridaSouth of Florida• East of MexicoEast of Mexico• Surrounded by Caribbean Sea, Gulf Surrounded by Caribbean Sea, Gulf

of Mexico, and Atlantic Oceanof Mexico, and Atlantic Ocean

Place – PhysicalPlace – Physical

• Temperature is in the 70's year roundTemperature is in the 70's year round• Average rainfall is 80 inches per yearAverage rainfall is 80 inches per year• Houseyards - Small properties less than half an Houseyards - Small properties less than half an

acre in the Caribbeanacre in the Caribbean• Dry basin in western HispaniolaDry basin in western Hispaniola• Hurricanes - Storm of heavy rain and fierce Hurricanes - Storm of heavy rain and fierce

wind beginning in Julywind beginning in July• Tropical fruit trees for example coconut treesTropical fruit trees for example coconut trees• Intertropical Convergency ZoneIntertropical Convergency Zone• Tropical RainforestsTropical Rainforests

Place - HumanPlace - Human

• Caribbean English - Slang influenced form the Caribbean English - Slang influenced form the diverse culturediverse culture

• Religion blended from Umbanda, Macuba, Religion blended from Umbanda, Macuba, Candomble, and VoodooCandomble, and Voodoo

• Languages spoken are...Languages spoken are...• Spanish, spoken mainly in Cuba and the Dominican Spanish, spoken mainly in Cuba and the Dominican

RepublicRepublic• French, spoken in Haiti and French GuianaFrench, spoken in Haiti and French Guiana• English, spoken mainly in Jamaica, Belize, and the English, spoken mainly in Jamaica, Belize, and the

BahamasBahamas• Dutch, spoken in SurinameDutch, spoken in Suriname

Place – Human Place – Human (Continued)(Continued)• Music: Reggae, Calypso, Merengue, and ZoukMusic: Reggae, Calypso, Merengue, and Zouk• Maroon Societies - Made up of runaway slavesMaroon Societies - Made up of runaway slaves• Creolization - Blending of African and European cultural Creolization - Blending of African and European cultural

elementselements• Ra-Ra - Type of music in Haiti that mixes funk and reggae Ra-Ra - Type of music in Haiti that mixes funk and reggae

music with saxophones and bamboo trumpetsmusic with saxophones and bamboo trumpets• Rastafarian religion - Believing "Jah" was the living force Rastafarian religion - Believing "Jah" was the living force

and "Ganja" should be consumed regularlyand "Ganja" should be consumed regularly• African Diaspora - Blended slaves from Africa with African Diaspora - Blended slaves from Africa with

Caribbean culture.Caribbean culture.• Folk MusicFolk Music• Famous Musician – Bob Marley – Took a political stance – Famous Musician – Bob Marley – Took a political stance –

famous for musicfamous for music

Movement – PeopleMovement – People

• Imported SlavesImported Slaves• Left because of limited economic opportunityLeft because of limited economic opportunity• Went to England France Netherlands and north Went to England France Netherlands and north

America ( US and Canada) for jobs in citiesAmerica ( US and Canada) for jobs in cities

• Circle migration flowCircle migration flow• Parents leave, work hard, save money and Parents leave, work hard, save money and

return homereturn home

• Chain migrationChain migration• Move to a new country one family member at a Move to a new country one family member at a

timetime

Movement – People (Cont.)Movement – People (Cont.)

• Rural to urban migration because of Rural to urban migration because of mechanized agriculture offshore mechanized agriculture offshore industrialization, and rapid population industrialization, and rapid population growthgrowth

• Moved to Caribbean looking for farm workMoved to Caribbean looking for farm worklooking for House yards- provided a cheaper looking for House yards- provided a cheaper way of livingway of living

• Asian MigrationAsian Migration• Maroons- runaway slaves that formed their Maroons- runaway slaves that formed their

own communities own communities

Interaction Between Humans Interaction Between Humans and the Environment and the Environment

• Built natural parks to increase wildlife and Built natural parks to increase wildlife and awarenessawareness

• Europeans cut down Caribbean forests to Europeans cut down Caribbean forests to make room for sugarcane fieldsmake room for sugarcane fields

• Several Dams were Several Dams were built on islands to built on islands to supply people with watersupply people with water

• Mangrove swamps wereMangrove swamps werecleared to make beachescleared to make beaches

Interaction Between Humans Interaction Between Humans and the Environmentand the Environment

• Because soil easily eroded they Because soil easily eroded they produced strategies such as, produced strategies such as, clearing new land, abandoning old clearing new land, abandoning old land and conserving soil, and land and conserving soil, and maintaining fertility.maintaining fertility.

• Climate too dry to support Climate too dry to support agricuulture so they produced salt agricuulture so they produced salt and raised goats insteadand raised goats instead

Interaction Between Humans Interaction Between Humans and the Environmentand the Environment

• Residents of Montserrat had to Residents of Montserrat had to evacuate at certain times due to evacuate at certain times due to volcanic activityvolcanic activity

• Savannas were used for farming Savannas were used for farming because they are good for farmingbecause they are good for farming

• Limestone base in Cuba results in Limestone base in Cuba results in fertile red clay soilfertile red clay soil

Region - PhysicalRegion - Physical

• Isolated proximity• Isolation protects cultural diversity• Limited economic opportunities• Neighboring the United States

• Dependency on U.S• Connections to transnational

organizations

Region - PhysicalRegion - Physical

• Greater Antilles• Islands that have the bulk of the

region’s population• Arable Lands• Refuge for run away slaves and

subsitence farmers

Region - PhysicalRegion - Physical

• Lesser Antilles• Two-arc group of small islands formed

from the Virgin Islands to Trinidad• Areas rage from mountains to

volcanoes to sedimentary basins

Region - PhysicalRegion - Physical

• Rimland States: Costal AreaRimland States: Costal Area• Starts in BelizeStarts in Belize• Follows the coast line of Central Follows the coast line of Central

America through northern South America through northern South AmericaAmerica

• DescriptionsDescriptions• Belize (Limestone)Belize (Limestone)• Guianas (rolling hills)Guianas (rolling hills)

Region - PhysicalRegion - Physical

• Antillean IslandsAntillean Islands• Islands that begin with Cuba and end Islands that begin with Cuba and end

with Trinidadwith Trinidad• Provide many marine resources such as:Provide many marine resources such as:

• FishFish• TurtleTurtle• ManateeManatee• LobsterLobster• CrabCrab

Region - CulturalRegion - Cultural

• Plantation America• Begins halfway up the coast of Brazil,

continuing through Guianas and the Caribbean

• Ruined the cultural capacity of the region

Region - CulturalRegion - Cultural

• Neo-Africa• Slaves were brought in because of

African dispora• Caused a new wave of African citizens

to the Caribbean

Region - PoliticalRegion - Political

• Cuban-style socialismCuban-style socialism• Democratically-elected leaderDemocratically-elected leader• Socialist-like gov’tSocialist-like gov’t

Region - PoliticalRegion - Political

• Monroe DoctrineMonroe Doctrine• Made the Caribbean part of its Made the Caribbean part of its

“Sphere of Influence”“Sphere of Influence”• Caused neocolonialsimCaused neocolonialsim

Region - PoliticalRegion - Political

• Dependent TerritoriesDependent Territories• Rely upon one central governmentRely upon one central government• I.E – France, England, SpainI.E – France, England, Spain• Many choose to stay this way forMany choose to stay this way for

• BenefitsBenefits• Economic BenifitsEconomic Benifits

Region - PoliticalRegion - Political

• Porto RicoPorto Rico• CommonwealthCommonwealth• Considered Part of the U.S.Considered Part of the U.S.• Food Stamps and WelfareFood Stamps and Welfare

Region - PoliticalRegion - Political

• Social DevelopmentsSocial Developments• Many regions such as these have Many regions such as these have

different levels of education and the different levels of education and the status of womenstatus of women

Region - EconomicRegion - Economic

• Free Trade Agreement of the Americas• Supposed to unify the economies of

all of the regions of America

Region - EconomicRegion - Economic

• Offshore Banking• Specialized services• Confidential• Tax Exempt• $ through fees• Caused problems

• Allowed money laundering• Corruption• Illegal Funds

Region - EconomicRegion - Economic

• Free Trade Zones• Removed tariffs from items traded• Created duty and tax free industrial

centers• Caused GDP to rise 15%

Region - EconomicRegion - Economic

• CARICOM• Caribbean Community and Common

Market• Represented the former English

Colonies• Industrialized countries• Created the Caribbean Development

Bank

Region - EconomicRegion - Economic

• “Zero Option”• Removed their economy from the

Soviet Union• Changed transportation• Blackouts• Change in strategy for farmers• Factories worked sparatically because

of lack of fuel and energy