dioxin dioxin dioxin dioxin dioxin /

(POPs) POPs

organochlorine PCBs dioxins & furans

organochlorine + tetraethyl lead

Dioxin+ dichloroethane

Contamination with PCBs

Yusho, 1968 Rice oil contamination Severe chloracn disease

Hair loss Brown colored nails

- 1 - -

(Dioxins) (unintentional product) 2 2 210

o

o

o Cl n Cl n Cl n Cl n

Dioxins Furans

o

o

o Cl n Cl n Cl n Cl n

Dioxins (PCDD) Furans (PCDF)

Chlorine in molecule PCDD PCDF

1. Monochlorine 2 4 2. Dichlorine 10 16 3. Trichlorine 14 28 4. Tetrachlorine 22 38 5. Pentachlorine 14 28 6. Hexachlorine 10 16 7. Heptachlorine 2 4 8. Octachlorine 1 1

75 135

1

PCDDs/PCDFs TEF NATO/CCMS 1988 TEF WHO 1997

2378- TetraCDD 1.0 1.0

12378- PentaCDD 0.5 1.0

123478- HexaCDD 0.1 0.1

123678- HexaCDD 0.1 0.1

123789-HexaCDD 0.1 0.1

1234678-HeptaCDD 0.01 0.01

OctaCDD 0.001 0.0001

2378-TetraCDF 0.1 0.1

12378-PentaCDF 0.05 0.05

23478-PentaCDF 0.5 0.5

123478-HexaCDF 0.1 0.1

123678-HexaCDF 0.1 0.1

123789-HexaCDF 0.1 0.1

234678-HexaCDF 0.1 0.1

1234678-HeptaCDF 0.01 0.01

1234789-HeptaCDF 0.01 0.01

OctaCDF 0.001 0.0001

PCDDs/PCDFs TEF NATO/CCMS 1988 TEF WHO 1997

The NATO Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society

TEF = Toxicity Equivalent Factors, referred to the most toxic

one : 2,3,7,8 TCDD (TEF = 1)

Toxic Equivalent :

TEQ = (TEF * concentration)

TEQ

dioxin 800

Precursor chemical substances ( dioxins)

Bromobenzene Chlorobenzene Chlorohydroquinone P-dichlorobenzene O-dichlorobenzene 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene 1,3,5-tribromobenzene 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 2,4,5-trichloronitrobenzene 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene

: 40CFR766_38 (1944)

Contribution of varied foodstuffs to dioxins

exposure (AFSSA 2000) Meats

15,0 %

Seafood

26,2 %

Eggs

6,1 %

Cereals

3,4 % Fruits and vegetables

9,3 %

Butter

19,4 %

Fat

(Except butter)

0,8 %

Other dairy products

19,80 %

(Agenda 21) 2548

1. *

* * 2. * * * *

* * *

3. * * 4. /

5. - - - - - - 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

31 2548

( POPs) / POPs

POPs //

9

12

/ POPs 2550

()

POPs 3

/ POPs

(Pollutants Release and Transfer Registers: PRTR)

BAT/BEP BAT/BEP

()

http://pops.pcd.go.th

1. 0.1 ng-TEQ/Nm3 2. 0.1 ng-TEQ/Nm3 3. 0.1 ng-TEQ/Nm3 4. 0.1 ng-TEQ/Nm3 5. 0.1 ng-TEQ/Nm3 6. 0.1 ng-TEQ/Nm3 7. 13 ng-TEQ/Nm3 8. 30 ng-TEQ/Nm3 1 /

UHT ()

6 TEQ /g milk fat

UHT ()

1 ppt (part per trillion)

1-4 pg/kg body weight

: WHO 1 4 1. ..2540 2. ..2540 3. ..2548 4. ..2549

1. 2.

3.

4.

(51)

(basic/detail design)

perspective

TEQ

Congener TEF Congener TEF

Dibenzo-p-dioxins Non-ortho PCBs

2,3,7,8-TCDD 1 PCB 77 0.0001 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 1 PCB 81 0.0001 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 0.1 PCB 126 0.1 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 0.1 PCB 169 0.01 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 0.1

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 0.01

Mono-ortho PCBs

OCDD 0.0001

PCB 105 0.0001

PCB 114 0.0005

Dibenzofurans

PCB 118 0.0001

2,3,7,8-TCDF 0.1

PCB 123 0.0001

1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 0.05

PCB 156 0.0005

2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 0.5

PCB 157 0.0005

1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 0.1

PCB 167 0.00001

1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.1

PCB 189 0.0001

1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 0.1 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 0.1 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 0.01 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 0.01 OCDF 0.0001

1. 0.5 (.2540) 2. 30 (.2545) 3. 0.5 (.2548) 4. 0.5 (.2549)

1 (2540) 30 (Dioxins/Furans I- TEQ) 2 (..2545) / 0.5 (Dioxins/Furans I- TEQ)

3 (2546) 0.5 (Dioxins/Furans I- TEQ) 4 (2549) 0.5 (Dioxins/Furans I- TEQ)

perspective

Dioxin project (ERTC)

.

Air treatment in-out system for laboratory

Waste water treatment system for laboratory

1. Primary Tank

2. Circulating Tank

3. Disposal Tank (H2O2)

4. Ozone Tank 5.UV Contract Tank

6.Disposal Tank (check)

7.Secondary Tank

8. Holding Tank (check)

1 Data Processing Room +0 Pa 2 Air Lock Room +0 Pa 3 Toxic Wastes Storage Room -50 Pa 4 Waste Storage (for Used Filter) -50 Pa 5 Very Low Level Preparation Room -10 Pa 6 Samples Extraction Room (Low Level) -20 Pa

7 Clean up Room (Low Level) -20 Pa 8 Clean Storage Room (Low Level) +0 Pa 9 Chemical Storage Room -20 Pa 10 Room for Preparation and Storage of

the Standard Substances -50 Pa

11 Clean Storage Room (High Level) +0 Pa 12 Samples Extraction Room (High Level) -40 Pa

13 Clean up Room (High Level) -40 Pa 14 HRGC/HRMS & GC/MS -10 Pa

PUF

. 5 .

5 .

A: . B: .

Page 55

1000 recycle reuse

Inventory &

Daily intake (2012-2015)

Monitoring program (2012-2020)

Research for decrease dioxin emission (2013-2520)

Training program (2013 - )

DXN Lab

Service Lab (2013 -)

7

02-5778400 5203, 5115 02-5774182 1224

Page 68