3g vn wcdma workshop_qualcomm

3G WCDMA Workshop 2008

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Workshop Agenda

Morning Session9:00-9:30 WCDMA Technology Evolutional Roadmap 9:30-11:00 3G Application and Services

(examples from worldwide 3G operators including developed and developing countries)

11:00-11:10 BREAK11:10-12:10 UMTS Lesson Learned

(covering 3G capabilities and features)

Afternoon Session2:00-3:15 UMTS Lesson Learned

(covering 3G capacity on AMR voice and PS data as well as 3G dimensioning on air interface and backhaul)

3:15-3:25 BREAK3:25-4:30 Open discussion for all their concerned technical / technology related

topics

3


Qualcomm Incorporated

• Global leader in developing and delivering innovative digital wireless communications solutions based on CDMA and other advanced technologies.

• Partners with wireless operators, device manufacturers, independent software vendors, distribution suppliers and Fortune 1,000-class corporations to drive adoption of mobility solutions based on 3G CDMA and other digital technologies.

• Founded in 1985• FORTUNE 500 Company• NASDAQ Symbol: QCOM• Approximately 6,800 U.S. and 35,100 international patents

and patent applications of CDMA and related technologies including WCDMA and OFDMA

• Member of the S&P 500 Index• “100 Best Managed Companies” — Industry Week• “100 Best Companies to Work for in America” — FORTUNE

INNOVATION – EXECUTION – PARTNERSHIP

4


More than 560 Million 3G Subscribers WorldwideCDMA2000 / EV-DO:

240 Commercial OperatorsWCDMA / HSDPA:

195 Commercial Operators

~ 1 Billion People Have Access to More Than 227 3G Mobile Broadband (EV-DO/HSDPA) Networks

EV-DO: 80 Commercial Operators

HSDPA: 165 Commercial Operators

Source: CDG November 2007; CDG, GSMA January 2008; Wireless Intelligence December 2007; 1 billion refers to combined estimated pop coverage.

Worldwide 3G Adoption 435 Commercial 3G CDMA/WCDMA Operators and Growing

3GPP Technology Evolutional RoadmapFeb 2008

2

A Well Established Mobile Broadband Evolution Path

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 +1999

1 – 14.4 Mbps supported in standard, incremental product release expected

2 – Upper range for DL peak rates includes 64-QAM and 2x2 MIMO (Rel 8)

3 – 20 MHz, FDD, 64-QAM, 4x4 MIMO in DL and 64-QAM, 1 TX in UL.

4 – 1.25 MHz option also expected to be in the standard

DL: 1.8-14.4 Mbps peak1

UL: 384 kbps peak

– All-IP Services– Broadband

downloads

DL: 1.8-14.4 Mbps peak1

UL: 5.72 Mbps peak

– Broadband uploads– Reduced end to end delay– Real-time services (VoIP,

packet VT, PTT)– Multicast (MBMS)

DL: 14-42 Mbps peak2

UL: 11 Mbps peak

– Enhanced capacity for real- time services (ie VoIP…)

– MIMO– Backward compatibility

– OFDMA in DL– SC-FDMA in UL– Flexible carrier bandwidths up

to 20MHz4

– Common FDD & TDD modes– Higher order MIMO/SDMA

LTE

DL: up to 278 Mbps peak3

UL: up to 85 Mbps peak3

DL: 384 kbps peakUL: 384 kbps peak

CDMA CDMA/TDM OFDMA

HSPA Evolved (HSPA+)Rel-7 (Ph 1) Rel-8 (Ph 2)

HSPA Rel-6 (HSUPA)Rel-99

WCDMARel-5 (HSDPA)

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Rel 99 - WCDMA

• 3G evolution path for GSM/GPRS/EDGE– New radio network– Utilizing 5 MHz of bandwidth

• Increased capacity– Significant increases in voice capacity, DL and UL sector throughput

• Higher data rates– Packet data - DL/UL - 384 kbps (2 Mbps per standard)– Circuit switched – 64 kbps

• Enhanced services and applications– Significant improvement in end-user experience for existing

applications – Circuit switched video telephony– Simultaneous voice and data applications become practical

• Backward compatibility– Reuse of GPRS core network nodes– Support for inter-system (WCDMA-GSM) handovers

4

Rel 5 - HSDPA

• HSDPA Key improvements on downlink – Shared channel transmission – time, codes and power– Higher order modulation – 16 QAM– Adaptive modulation and coding with Node B scheduling – Hybrid ARQ with faster retransmissions

• Increased capacity– 300% gain in DL sector capacity

• Higher data rates– DL peak data rates up to 7.2 Mbps (14.4 Mbps per standard)

• QoS – Enables different grades of services based on subscription level to expand

the addressable market

• Enhanced services and applications– Improves end-user experience for existing applications (web browsing, VoD &

MoD..)– Target mass market for applications such as high quality video downloads

• Backward compatibility– Continued support for Rel 99 handsets

Video On- Demand

5

HSDPA for Ubiquitous Mobile Broadband Coverage

20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

> 900 kbps > 760 kbps ~700 kbps > 660 kbps > 630 kbps1

1 Source: Qualcomm simulations (PedA 3km, 2 Rx diversity, LMMSE equalizer, 10 users/cell, full buffer traffic, proportional fair scheduling, Cat 10 UE, 2.8 km site-to-site distance)

Average user throughput at the cell edge in the order of 650 kbps

• Enhanced 3G end-user data experience– Supports richer broadband applications– Impressive data capacity increases over R’99: 300% increase cell throughput– Shorter delay / faster network response times, better QoS for data

• Allows a smooth deployment and migration– Backward compatible with R’99, scalable network investment

6

HSDPA and R99 on same WCDMA carrier

• Release 5 carrier can support HSDPA and R99 users simultaneously– Node B will be responsible for allocating code and power to HSDPA service

– UTRAN can control when a UE will use the HSDPA channel or R99 channels depending on the conditions such as high speed mobility, inactivity.

– HSDPA optionally can be deployed in its own exclusive carrier

R99 terminal

HSDPA

HSDPAterminals

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Rel 6 - HSUPA

• HSUPA Extends benefits of HSDPA to Uplink– Fast Uplink Scheduling– Fast & efficient re-transmission (HARQ) on UL– Shorter TTI on uplink

• Increased capacity– 80% gain in UL sector capacity

• Higher data rates – Provides UL peak data rates of up to 5.76 Mbps

• QoS – Enables different grades of services based on subscription level to expand the

addressable

• Enhanced services and applications– Improves user experience UL intensive apps (sending files, picture/video messaging)– Support for delay sensitive services (VoIP, VT) and low latency networked gaming– Target mass market for applications such as mobile social networking– Enables efficient multicast transmission (MBMS)

• Backward compatibility– Continued support for Rel 99 and HSDPA handsets

Social Networking

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HSPA: Features and Technical Advantages

• HSPA (HSDPA + HSUPA) supports an entire range of IP-based applications

– Only minor changes required in PHY & MAC

• HSUPA mode vastly improves the uplink performance

– Uplink peak data rates up to 5.76 Mbps– Cell capacity up by 80%

• Enhanced application performance– HSUPA reduces latency

• Shorter frame sizes (TTI) are used• Fast scheduling updates

– HSUPA improves QoS control• H-ARQ for fast and efficient re-transmissions• Fast uplink scheduling performed at Node B

Round Trip Delay: Ping Latency 2

Rel’ 99 150 - 190 ms

HSDPA 60 - 100 ms

HSUPA 22 – 62 ms

1 Source: Qualcomm simulations (2 Rx diversity, 10 users/cell, full buffer traffic, mixed channel. proportional fair scheduling,Cat 6 UE for HSUPA, TTI = 2ms, 2.8 km site-to-site distance)

2 HSUPA results are projected based on HSDPA field measurements

Rel’99 – 2Rx HSUPA – 2Rx 1

800 kbps

1450 kbps

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HSPA: Significantly Higher Data Capacity

Downlink1

Rel 99 Single

antenna

HSDPA + Single antenna

800 Kbps1200 Kbps

2400 Kbps

xRel 99 +

2-RX Handset

Uplink2

HSDPA + 2-RX handset

3600 Kbps

5200 Kbps

HSDPA + 2-RX handset +

Equalizer

Rel 99 + 2 RL

HSUPA + 2 RL + IC

800 Kbps

1450 Kbps2430 Kbps

HSUPA + 2 RL

HSUPA + 4 RL

3225 Kbps

HSUPA + 4 RL + IC

5530 Kbps

1 source: QC simulations Full Buffer, Site to site distance: 2.8 km, BTS Antenna Gain 18 dBi, BTS Power 20 W, 20% power to overhead2 source: Qualcomm simulations (2 Rx diversity, 10 users/cell, full buffer traffic, mixed channel. proportional fair scheduling, Cat 6 UE for HSUPA, TTI = 2ms, 2.8 km site-to-site distance)

HSDPA

HSUPA

1.5x

3x

4.5x

6.5x

x1.8x

3x

4x

7x

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HSPA+

• HSPA+ enhances R6 HSPA to significantly increase performance in a 5MHz carrier bandwidth

• Increased capacity – 2X gain in DL capacity*– 4X gain in UL capacity*

• Higher data rates – Increased peak rate in high SNR scenarios - MIMO– DL: 14-21 Mbps peak (no MIMO)**– DL: 28-42 Mbps peak (2x2 MIMO)**– UL: 11 Mbps peak

• Enhanced services and applications – Enhances system capacity for VoIP and other low-throughput

delay sensitive applications– Reduced set-up times, enhanced support for real time

services (Packet VT, VoIP and enriched V+D applications)

• Backward compatible– Continued support for Rel. 99 and HSPA terminals

PacketVideo Telephony

Push to TalkPush to Media

* Numbers based on advanced receivers at node B and UE** Upper range for DL peak rates includes 64 QAM

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HSPA+ Feature Summary

Feature Higher Rates

Higher Capacity

HSPA+ R7 Key Benefits

2x2 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)

Doubles Peak Data Rates

Higher Order Modulation (64-QAM DL/16-QAM UL)

50% higher DL Data Peak Rate Doubles UL Data Peak Rate

Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC)(DTX/DRX, HS_SCCH Less)

Improves VoIP capacityExtends talk time significantlyBetter “always-on” experience

Enhanced CELL_FACH /PCH state operation

Faster call set upBetter “always-on” experience

DL Interference Cancellation (UE IC)

* Higher DL cell edge data rates Increases DL capacity

UL Interference Cancellation (Node B IC)

* Improves UL capacity and user data rates – beneficial for VoIP

4-Branch RX diversity at Node B

* Increases UL capacity (>100%) Higher UL cell edge data rates

* * Standards Independent featureStandards Independent feature

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Backward Compatibility Enables Easy Upgrade

SW upgrade to RNC

Mainly SW upgrade to NodeB

New backward compatible HSPA+ devices

• Backward Compatibility enables smooth HSPA+ introduction– R99, HSPA and HSPA+ devices operate on the same network

• Cost Effective Upgrade For Ubiquitous Coverage– Leverages existing assets - cell sites, RAN, core network, and spectrum

• Fast Time To Market With A Proven Technology– Leverages large WCDMA/HSPA vendor community

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PP Continues to Evolve as Leading IP WWAN

Coexistence of HSPA+ and LTE

HSPA+ = Deployments in existing, re-farmed and new 5 MHz Carriers • Increased Peak, Average & Cell Edge Rates• MIMO support• Enhanced capacity for real-time services (VoIP, Packet VT, PTT)• Backward compatibility with legacy devices

LTE = Deployments in wider carrier bandwidths up to 20MHz• OFDMA on DL and SC-FDMA on UL• Common TDD and FDD modes• More capacity and higher Peak Data rates with wider carrier

bandwidths (> 5MHz), higher order MIMO and SDMA support• Multimode devices provide seamless migration

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Long Term Evolution (LTE)

• Optimized Mobile OFDM solution suitable for wider bandwidth deployments (up to 20 MHz)– OFDMA in DL and SC-FDMA in UL– Same principles as HSPA+ : Link Adaptation, HARQ, MIMO,

etc.

• Flexible bandwidth usage for TDD and FDD Modes– Variable bandwidths up to 20MHz supported

• High peak data rates– 278 Mbps DL / 85 Mbps UL in 20MHz*

• Increased cell edge coverage and data rates by use of Frequency Reuse techniques

• High capacity fully integrated Single Frequency Network (SFN) broadcast and multicast support

• Interoperable with existing 3GPP technologies and multi-mode devices will provide seamless user mobility

* 64-QAM, 4x4 MIMO in DL and 64 QAM 1 TX stream in UL

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LTE: Interoperable With Existing 2G/3G Networks

• LTE/EPS: All-IP network optimized for packet data services– Reduced network latency, Simplified network operation and maintenance

• EPS ensures interoperability with existing 3GPP technologies

• Seamless user experience across mobile, portable, and fixed devices

IP Services / IMS Network

GPRS Core NetworkOther Radio

Technologies (e.g. WLAN)

Dual-Mode Phones provide seamless mobility

E-NodeB E-NodeB

EPS Access Gateway

GERAN UTRAN

Note: EPS was formerly named SAE

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LTE Complements Existing HSPA Networks

• Seamless user experience through handoffs between LTE and existing 3G networks with multimode devices

• LTE Complements HSPA+ in high demand areas– Expand LTE as demand grows– Ability to build out in phases

minimizes initial investments

Phase 2

Phase 1

MultimodeASIC

Solution

LTE

LTE LTE LTE

HSPA/HSPA+

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LTE Allows Flexible Spectrum UsageSupport for new and vacant wider bandwidths up to 20MHz

Support for FDD and TDD operating modes• Utilizes paired (FDD) and unpaired (TDD) spectrum• Common Physical Layer for FDD / TDD mode

LTE for wider bandwidths – complementing HSPA+

10 MHz5 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz2.5 MHz*

1.25 MHz*

HSPA+ & LTE in 5MHz provides similar performance

DL

UL

FDD TDD 2:1DL

TimeUL

Better performance for wider bandwidths

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6.32

13.4216.2

20.43

25.71

Rel6 baseline (RxDiv+RAKE)

Rel7 HSPA+ (2x2 MIMO)

LTE 2x2 MU-MIMO

LTE 1x4 SIMO

LTE 4x4 MU-MIMO

Data Capacity on LTE

* source: Qualcomm Simulations, config D1: 500m ISD, HSPA+ scaled up from 5MHz details in R1-070674

Mbp

s

LTE In Wider Bandwidth Provides A High Capacity SystemSimilar HSPA+ and LTE performance for 2x2 antennas

Note: AxB configuration assumes all UEs will have B receive antennas

2 UE Receive antennas 4 UE Receive antennas

DL Data Capacity Per Sector (10MHz FDD)

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PP Evolution Offers Industry Leading Mobile Broadband Capabilities

• HSDPA provides broadband downloads and significant increase in DL capacity

• HSUPA provides broadband uploads and significant increase in UL capacity

• QoS support in HUSPA enables support for delay sensitive packet applications (e.g., VoIP, Push to Media, Video Telephony)

• HSPA+ enhances R6 HSPA to significantly increase performance in a 5MHz carrier bandwidth

• HSPA + further enhances capacity for delay sensitive applications

• LTE is an optimized OFDMA system for wider bandwidths in new or vacant spectrum and will coexist HSPA +

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3G Applications and ServicesFeb 2008

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What are we going to talks

Some basic questions regarding 3G & applications3G device in the market and its trendExisting & emerging 3G applications around the world

Non-handset based applicationHandset-based application

Web & WAP browsingMobile TV, multimedia download & streamingVideo call & related applicationsMessaging servicePlace shiftingLBS (Location-Based Service)Mobile advertising & commerceMobile searchMobile community & social networking

3G application development – processes, success rules & conclusion

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Basic question #1 - why 3G?

Driven by market momentumIncrease capacity <- WCDMA spectrum efficiency More & enhanced applications & services

Broadband speedEnhanced handset – features, processing power, …Better connected to InternetNew business models

Application is no doubt one of the important target for 3G

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Basic question #2 - why applications & services?

Revenue - voice revenue is declining due to competition, MNP (Mobile Number Portability)

Customer retention - match with the competitorCustomer acquisition – esp. enterprise customersRegulatory requirement

e.g LBS to support E911 emergency, MNP database

Brand image - brand differentiationSynergy with other group business

e.g. Unified messaging with fixed operator in the same group

…Different 3G application strategy formulated to achieve different goal

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Basic question #3 – any killer 3G app?

Mobile voice is still a killer apps !!Little effort (in some sense), high marginSimple customer proposition, promotion-free, 1 apps for all3G network largely increase the voice capacity

Data application will be more challengingNo single apps for allInternet-mobile-media convergence -> More stakeholders

More network components, and more sophisticatedFragmented platform providers, content providers, application

developers…Demanding customer service & support

Plan carefully in the 3G data business

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Cost of 3G WCDMA handsets continue to decrease

$231

$195

$436

$290$270

$197 $198

$407

$341

$290 $295

$228$221

$270$254

$272$287

$311

$367

$412

$217

$141 $129 $141$128 $128

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

2003Q4 2004Q1 2004Q2 2004Q3 2004Q4 2005Q1 2005Q2 2005Q3 2005Q4 2006Q1 2006Q2 2006Q3 2006Q4

Lowest 10% Lowest end

Note: WCDMA Phones Sold per Calendar Quarter; lowest end represents complete phones sold in quantities of approx 50,000 units or higherNote: Data derived from licensee reports. Does not include modules.

Source: QUALCOMM Incorporated 3G handset becoming affordable

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Sanyo SA700iS2.2” QVGA, miniSD

GPS, Video Conferencing

Huawei E220HSDPA USB Modem

BlackBerry 8707vEmail, Bluetooth

Source: www.3Gtoday.com, GSMA/Informa

Motorola FOMA M2501

WCDMA / HSDPA

HTC TyTNWindows Mobile 5

HSDPA , WiFi

O2 IceVideo Conferencing, MP3, Bluetooth, USB

Samsung BlackJackWindows Mobile 5,

HSDPA

LG CU500HSDPA, Bluetooth

Acer Aspire 5650Embedded HSDPA

More than 700 WCDMA (incl. 311 HSPDA) Devices by 71 Vendors

LG KU970Scroll wheel navigation

HSDPA (3.6 Mbps)

http://www.3gtoday.com/

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3G handset – much more than a phone

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Multimedia Connectivity Positioning UI Storage

• Qsynth™- 128-sound General MIDI

Synthesizer

• MIDI player- 16 polyphony

• CMX™ Compact Media Extensions

• C-MIDI Audio, Graphics, Text, Animation

- Very Large synthesizer - 32 polyphony wavetable - 72 polyphony wavetable- SMAF Audio support

• Qtunes™ Audio decoders- MP3, MPEG4-AAC, aacPlus

• Mobile Video Solutions- MPEG-4 Qtv™ decoder- MPEG-4 Qcamcorder™ encoder- MPEG-4 Qvideophone™- H.264 Decode- RealPlayer- Windows Media Player

• Still Image decoders PNG, JPEG, GIF

• Q3Dimension 3D game engine- Graphics acceleration for games

• USB• USB Host (On The Go)• Bluetooth• PureVoice Mail™• IP Protocol stack• WAP browser • MMS client • SecureMSM™

- DRM Agent- Secure Boot- SSL Encryption

• BREW™ integration support

• JAVA J2ME - H/W acc’l

• 802.11b

• gpsOne™ AGPS technology

• Hybrid AGPS/network solution

• Mobile-Assisted Mode• Mobile-Based Mode• Stand Alone Mode• 3GPP/3GPP2 compatible• Control Plane support• User Plane support• Digital compass interface

• PureVoice VR™- SD & SI Voice - Digit Dialing- Universal Front End

• PureVoice Recorder™- Voice Memo - Answering Machine

• PureVoice Audio AGC™• SIM/UIM Card interface• CMOS/CCD Mega Pixel camera interface

• Color LCD Interface

• MMC• SD-Card

The Leading Feature Set for Wireless Product Development• Consistent use across all QCT product lines• Enables broad product segmentation & differentiation• Adopted by global carriers

The Leading Feature Set for Wireless Product Development• Consistent use across all QCT product lines• Enables broad product segmentation & differentiation• Adopted by global carriers

LAUNCHPAD™ Enables the handset for 3G applications and services

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0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

SmartphonesTotal Handsets

3G handset is getting smarter with more functions

Source: Strategy Analytics (Oct 2007)

Smartphone Devices forecast to be more than 34% of Total Shipments by 2012

2% 3% 4%7% 9%

13%17%

22%27%

31%34%

On top, more innovative 3G apps can be built

Smartphone OS-Symbian, Windows, Linux, RIM, Palm, OSX

12

3G Applications and ServicesExisting & emerging 3G applications

13

Non-handset based

Observation - two types of 3G data applications

Handset-basedApps tightly linked to handsetNetwork operator can add more value, and differentiate with other operatorsUsually walled-garden approach to provide apps

Non-handset basedEnd-user device can be PC, Laptop or dedicated terminal.Network serve as a bit-pipe Operator provide internet access through the 3G network. Apps is provided by open internet. Apps is less customizedAlso known as BWA (Broadband Wireless Access) or Wireless Broadband

3G applications

Voice Data

Handset-Based

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tech2.com/media/images/img_3737_hpdx2700sffpc_01_450x360.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tech2.com/india/news/branded/hp-launches-sff-desktop-pc/4026/0&h=337&w=450&sz=64&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=nrmGfu84eY6PcM:&tbnh=95&tbnw=127&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddesktop%2BPC%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/hp-nx6715s-laptop-pc-yahoo-bb.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mobilewhack.com/hp-nx6715s-notebook-pc-for-a-steal/&h=364&w=420&sz=18&hl=en&start=8&tbnid=odWbiFlci1_pXM:&tbnh=108&tbnw=125&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlaptop%2BPC%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/July2006/E220.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/July2006/3293.htm&h=315&w=410&sz=13&hl=en&start=1&tbnid=yGTpJ2vj8Nm7eM:&tbnh=96&tbnw=125&prev=/images%3Fq%3DHSDPA%2Bmodem%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.scorptec.com.au/images/products/8/132/17318/11135_large.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.scorptec.com.au/product/17318/&h=274&w=311&sz=7&hl=en&start=6&um=1&tbnid=_3MFqPbDk1KeSM:&tbnh=103&tbnw=117&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwireless%2Bmodem%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26rlz%3D1T4GGIH_enUS260US260

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Malaysia BWA - Maxis Wireless Broadband

Promoted as residential broadbandPrice comparable with ADSLHome Voice Service bundledEnabled by Maxis 3G/HSDPA network

Additional services – anti-spam, anti-virus, parental controlDedicated customer service hotlineCoverage map can be found in Maxis web-siteLow cost HSDPA modem co-developed with ZTE

15

Philippines – Smart Wireless Broadband

Smart Bro - uses the nationwide 3G network to wirelessly connect home computer to the internet. Offered at P799 per month with a speed of up to 384 kbps -7x faster than dial-up

Smart Click - Internet cafes serve in places with limited high-speed Internet, or lack of computer and desktop publishing services. Also apply franchise model to increase the reach

Franchise Fee – P200K (5 years)

16

Africa Vodacom – Mobile Broadband Home

Service overviewOffer home users a broadband connection for access to e-mail and the Internet, through laptop, desktop PC or mobile device

Service typesMobile Web Browsing Internet Access

Service descriptionAccess to Vodacom 3G/HSDPA network at a speed of 1.8 MbpsIf no 3G/HSDPA coverage, switch automatically to GPRS/EDGE networks with maximum speed of 256 Kbps

Service Pricing24 Month Data Contract Packages

Different packages with inclusive data ranging from 500 MB - 10 GBMonthly rental ranging from ZAR 249 - ZAR 2,049Out of bundle pricing from ZAR 1 - ZAR 1.20 per MB

Data Bundles for Contract customersDifferent packages with inclusive data ranging from 5 MB - 10 GBSubscription ranges from ZAR 9.25 - ZAR 1,989Out of bundle pricing from ZAR 1 - ZAR 2 per MB

Pre Paid and Top Up Data bundlesDifferent packages with inclusive data ranging from 500 MB - 2 GBSubscription ranges from ZAR 189 – ZAR 389Out of bundle pricing is ZAR 2

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Vodafone UK

Source:http://www.tmcnet.com/usubmit/2007/07/26/2815233.htm

Source:http://www.t-mobilepressoffice.co.uk/press/uk- releases/release.php?release=uk/2006/EMI-TMOBILE-RHYTHM.html

USB Modem price

Costs when in the UK

Costs when abroad

Mobile Broadband GBP 49 GBP 25 per

monthGBP 4.25 per MB on any network

Mobile Broadband Travel

GBP 49 GBP 95 per month

200MB per month included on any network, GBP 4.25 per MB after this

18 month contract

USB Modem price

Costs when in the UK

Costs when abroad

Mobile Broadband Free GBP 25 per

monthGBP 4.25 per MB on any network

Mobile Broadband Travel

Free GBP 95 per month

200MB per month included on any network, GBP 4.25 per MB after this

12 month contract

Allows users to access the Internet from their laptop with the help of a USB modem.Full Internet connectivity at mobile broadband speeds, for download, email and attachments.Offers connectivity throughout the UK through 3G broadband, along with coverage in over 100 countries.

http://www.tmcnet.com/usubmit/2007/07/26/2815233.htm

http://www.t-mobilepressoffice.co.uk/press/uk-releases/release.php?release=uk/2006/EMI-TMOBILE-RHYTHM.html

http://www.t-mobilepressoffice.co.uk/press/uk-releases/release.php?release=uk/2006/EMI-TMOBILE-RHYTHM.html

http://online.vodafone.co.uk/dispatch/Portal/appmanager/vodafone/wrp;wrpsessionid=86RnGpCJ3y5nGwTxGzf61t6FKvqMpBy5L1MNc7TR2y9rh9zCvnT7!905334340?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=templateBlank&pageID=VIRTUAL_HOME

18

SmarTone-Vodafone’s 3G/HSDPA promotion

Program details Install Mobile Broadband service in 100 taxis in Hong Kong. Free Mobile Broadband to taxi passengers. Big Modem on top of the taxiEach taxi comes equipped with a modem and a SIM card, mounted to the back of the front seats. Customers with laptops simply connect the modems to their notebooks by plugging the standard USB cable into their notebook USB port

EffectGive people a taste of mobile broadband. Acts as a testimony to the technical robustness of SmarTone-Vodafone’s HSPA network.Even when a taxi is travel along the highway or inner-city traffic, there is a seamless handover from one cell to another with no disruption to the service

19

Envisioned to be a low-cost alternative computing platform

All computing and communication functionality integrated in one chipsetAll necessary interfacesPlace computing ownership within financial reach for emerging markets

Project Candlebox from Qualcomm An Alternative Computing Platform for Emerging Markets

20

Project Candlebox features

Connectivity:HSPA (MSM7200A)

Display support:Monitor: up to XGA resolutionTV-out

High-speed USB support :Mass storageKeyboard/mouseGame controller/pad

Full browser with plug-in support:“WebTop”Web-based applications

Game support:Powerful 3D graphics engine

Voice Call support

21

BWA – an area of quick growth

Flexible and affordable tariffFlat tariff or reasonable caps (e.g. 500MB) so that most users should not hit the limitAffordable roaming rate & package, comparable with hotel broadband ratePrepaid – for casual users

PC not affordable in developing countriesCarrier can sponsor the PC deviceQualcomm Candlebox is a good choice

Ease-of-use with build-in 3G modem & connection software, like WiFi / Centrino

One click to connect, check usage/bill, check signal quality…

Solid HSPA evolution roadmap to increase air-link capacity, guarantee QoS & bitratesInnovative model can help (e.g. franchise)

22

Handset-based 3G applications

Web & WAP browsingMobile TV, multimedia download & streamingVideo call & related applicationsMessaging servicePlace shiftingLBS (Location-Based Service)Mobile advertising & commerceMobile searchMobile community & social networking

23

3G Applications and Services

Web & WAP browsing

24

Web browsing with mobile phone

Hutchison, HK

3Xplorer service allows users to access Internet from their mobile phones. It uses a compression technology for data transmission.

PricingHKD 28.00 per month for unlimited Internet usage

Source:http://xseries.three.com.hk/website/english/features_3xplorer_overview.shtml

Softbank, Japan

PC Site Browser allows users to access websites from their mobile devices.

Source:http://mb.softbank.jp/mb/en/service/advanced/pcsite_browser/index.html

• Unlimited Packet Use: YEN 0.08 per packet• Packet Flat-rate (Orange Plan W): YEN 0.05 per packet• Packet Flat-rate Light (Orange Plan W): YEN 0.08 per packet• Packet Flat-rate (Blue Plan): YEN 0.02 per packet• Packet 10 (Blue Plan): YEN 0.1 per packet• Packet 30 (Blue Plan): YEN 0.06 per packet• Packet 60 (Blue Plan): YEN 0.02 per packet• Packet 90 (Blue Plan): YEN 0.015 per packet

http://xseries.three.com.hk/website/english/features_3xplorer_overview.shtml

http://mb.softbank.jp/mb/en/service/advanced/pcsite_browser/index.html

25

Web browsing with mobile phone

Much better experience than WAP browsing, which isContent limited to WAP1.0(WML), WAP2.0(XHTML)High latencyLimited compressionSlow navigation through pages

AdvantagesFull web contents (HTML) rendered neatly in small mobileQuick keys to page up/down, Go back/forward/homeSupport Zoom

RequirementsMicro-browser in handsetProxy server in carriers

Source http://novarra.com/Solutions/nweb/microbrowser.htm

26

3G Applications and ServicesMobile TV, multimedia download & streaming

27

Orange TV

Service overviewOrange TV allows users to watch their favourite shows related to sport, news, classic TV, comedy or pure top quality entertainmentUsers can view their missed programmes on the mobile phone at their suitable time.Various available channels are: Bloomberg, Bravo, CNN, Aardman animation, X extreme, Comedy, Living TV etc.

Service types• Video streaming (PS)• Video download

Pricing• GBP 10.00 per month for full

access to all channels• GBP 5.00 for access to

smaller channel packs

http://www1.orange.co.uk/entertainment/tv/OrangeTVPacks.php

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Orange.svg

28

Orange Traffic TV

Service overviewTraffic TV service gives users a comprehensive picture of traffic conditions on the UK's motorways and trunk roads and direct access to video of road conditions from selected motorway CCTV cameras across the UK.

Service descriptionThe service displays a map with the main UK roads on it.The latest delays are sent to the mobile phone and flash on top of the map. By zooming into the area of interest, users can see how fast the traffic is moving and by how many minutes users can be delayed in reaching a destination.

PricingGBP 4.00 per monthGBP 5.00 per month for users of other networks

http://www.orange.co.uk/travel/traffictv/default.htm?linkfrom=travel_guides_default&link=link_7&article=travelnav

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Orange.svg

29

UAE Etisalat video streaming

Service overviewvideo streaming provides the capability of high-speed data and video transfers at speeds of up to 384 Kbps.

Allows users to watch their favourite videos on their mobile phone.

Videos are loaded seconds after a user makes a request on the handset

Streaming only - cannot be saved for later viewing.

http://www.etisalat.ae

30http://www.reliancemobileworld.co.in/RMW/mobiletv/mobile_tv.html

Reliance Mobile TV

Service overviewReliance Mobile TV provides live television and offers various video clips for download via the mobile device.

Service descriptionThis service enables the user to download live video from a variety of Indian news channels such as TIMES NOW, AajTak, IndiaTV, CNBC and NDTV 24x7.

Service pricing Three pricing strategiesRs. 25 per monthRs 3 per dayPay-on-Use - Live mobile TV viewing may vary between Rs. 3 and Rs. 15 per view depending on content.

31

CSL 1010 television – circuit-switchedService overview

Some of the various 1010 3G Service channels offer the ability for the user to view “live” TV, via CS video call.CS video call give service stability, and ease channel switch, and subscription & configuration-freeSimply dial a video call code (*888) and enter station numberSupport roamingDownload related content (MP3) instantly

Service pricingMonthly subscription - HKD 30 include 100 mins, thereafter - HKD 1 per minutePay As U Go - $1 / min

http://1010.hkcsl.com/jsp/3g_service_and_infotainment/3g_mobile_tv/how_to_use/how_to_use.jsp

32

PCCW Mobile TV – broadcast/multicast technology

Soft button to invoke Mobile TV

MBMS a broadcast/multicast standard in 3GPP/WCDMAPCCW service is a pre-MBMS, proprietary broadcast/multicast technologyRequire proprietary handset

UnicastTen users are watching three different channels (red, green, and blue)Each user requires a separate unicast streaming connection to the server Server, network, and cell load increases with increasing numbers of users

Broadcast/multicastServer, network, and cell load are independent of the total number of users

33

High Definition (HD) H.264 Mobile TV

http://www.smartone-vodafone.com/jsp/mobile/prices/hdwide/english/index.jsphttp://www.pccwmobile.com/portal/common/multi_section.jsp?fldr_id=6211

Latest H.264 technology, better compression Enhances resolution to 320x240 pixels - representing a

double up in viewing quality with razor-sharp images, enriched color and lucid subtitles

Applicable to handsets supporting H.264 streaming technology with QVGA 320x240 pixel resolution

http://www.smartone-vodafone.com/jsp/mobile/prices/hdwide/english/index.jsp

http://www.pccwmobile.com/portal/common/multi_section.jsp?fldr_id=6211

34http://www.sktelecom.com/eng/html/service/WirelessInternet/Music.html

June Music Service and MelOnService overview

Allows the users to download or stream music and music videos onto their mobile device and then play them at their own leisure.

Service typesVideo downloadVideo streamingAudio downloadAudio streaming

2 trends are happeningHandset is the most popular music playerMusic download over wireless network become the most popular channel

35

Java Download - MIDP

Handset with Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

MIDP 2.0 new featuresEnhanced UIMedia Support – audio Game APIConnectivity standards beyond HTTP, such as HTTPS, datagram, sockets…OTA provisioning

MIDP 3.0 new featuresEnhanced networking APIConcurrencyEnhanced security Multiple display

mobile information device profile

36

Building successful Mobile TV & multimedia business

Content availability is the keyA total new domain to operatorTriple-play can fully utilize the content

Select the most suitable Mobile TV/multimedia technologySupported number of channelsSupported content qualityNetwork resource requirement

Pay attention to the handset capabilityResolution, supported decoder, battery consumption, audio quality

Leverage the market push by traditional playersE.g TV broadcaster

37

3G Applications and ServicesVideo call and related apps

38

Video Call / Conferencing

Video CallWith Video call service, users can speak face-to-face with friends in real time.A call with live video & voice simultaneously.

Service pricingMonthly charges of HK$28, HK$58, HK$98 provides free video calls for 60 min, 150 min and 300 min respectively.Thereafter, subscribed tariff plan charges apply. HK $1.5 charged for video call to subscriber in other networks

Video ConferencingMaximum four 3G users to participate in a video conference anytime and from different parts of the world. Participate in and drop from video conference at any time. No service subscription required

Service pricingMonthly charge is HK $35. Video call minutes are automatically deducted from the customer's tariff plan.

http://www.three.com.hk/website/template?pageid=41000&lang=eng

39

Video Mail / Web Call

Video MailVideo calls to be diverted to a video-mail box when a user turns off their mobile phone, does not answer, is engaged in another call or is unreachable.

Make own greeting video or choose a funny character or celebrity from the library.

Notification SMS.

Retrieved by video call to short code

Web callMake a video call from web-browser to a video phoneNon-3G user can taste the service

http://www.three.com.hk/website/template?pageid=44a00&lang=eng

40

Video Surveillance – CS video call

Keep watch over home or office with Mobile CAM via your 3G handset. Pan-tilt and zoom functions Night mode, continue to keep an eye on things even in pitch-black darkness, Video recording and two-way audioNo installation, simply insert a 3G SIM card in the device. Make a 3G VT call then.

http://www.pccwmobile.com/portal/common/plaintext.jsp?fldr_id=7659

41

Video Share Concurrent Voice & PS-Video

Service descriptionAllows the user to share instant videos during a voice callEnables the user to send/upstream videos of larger size during a call

Service pricingHKD 38 (5 MB) per monthHKD 68 (20MB) per monthHKD 1.5 per minute

http://1010.hkcsl.com/jsp/per_1010/per_1010_videomessaging_intro.jsp?lang=eng&nodeid=10&childnodeid=101

Problem-Right before the party starts, you find the AV equipment malfunction but you are unable to explain the situation clearly to your family member during a call......

Solution-You may switch from voice call to video sharing at once and show the situation to them for instruction.

42

Video call and related applications

Video telephony not as compelling as initially expectedVideo quality not good enoughHeadset requirement to mitigate background noise Cultural issue – don’t want to be noticed of the locationHigh charge esp. inter-carrier VT and roaming VT

Enhanced video call (video share, surveillance... ) have a lot of potential.

More customer education is necessaryExplore the business market

43

3G Applications and ServicesMessaging service

44

Messaging services

SMSMMSEmails

Blackberry / MicrosoftIM / Mobile MSN / Mobile QQUM

SMS via mail

windows mobile email

3G enhance messaging services by datarate, latency, handset…

45

PXT World – MMS composer and on-line storage

Service overviewPXT World is an online interactive media centre that provides free storage space for 15MB for pictures, sounds and videos which can be shared with friends and family.

Service pricingCharge for sending a PXT to PXT World is NZD 0.20.

Service descriptionThis service allows users to compose their own PXT messages and download pictures from gallery. Each PXT can be up to 100Kb.PXT can include video, text, sound and animationsAnyone anywhere can use PXT World to view shared albums, but only Vodafone NZ or TelstraClear customers can send PXTs via PXT World, or create albums to share with friends.

http://www.vodafone.co.nz/services/pxt_world.jsp?item=pxtworld http://www.voxmobili.com/jsp/products/products_3_3.jsp

46

Instant Messaging

Mobile QQMobile version of "Tencent QQ". Popular IM service in China - used to chat with friends in China, Taiwan and HKLeverage 300M QQ users

MSNChats with friends and family even away from computerUse the same account, contact list updated between mobile & computeHKD 28 unlimited usage

47

Mobile emailFeature phone’s POP3/IMAP4 client

Configuration requiredSuitable for casual/infrequent usersNo push function – some provide SMS notification

Push emailE-mail systems that provide an "always-on“ capability, in which new e mail is instantly and actively transferred (pushed) as it arrives by the mail server to the e-mail client

BlackberryPioneer in mobile push emailSupport both corporate email & web-based email (yahoo, google…)Use dedicated deviceExtend to other business usage such as IM, sales force management, fleet management…

Windows mobileCatching up quicklyDirect Push e-mail in Windows Mobile 6.0First to support attachment download

48

Messaging service

Messaging services can leverage the big success of SMSMMS can be more successful than it should be

Inter-operator MMSOutbound roaming supportMMS formatted to recipient-supported content type / size

Mobile push email is compelling among the business customers

Affordable plan can encourage the take-up

IM has a lot of potentialBuilt-in IM client can boost the businessIntegration with Push-To-Talk will be the next wave

49


Place-Shifting

50

Place-Shifting Services - general trends

Main types of place shifting serviceRemote access to home PC for files / streamingRemote streaming of TV / PVR

Main methodsSecure tunnel from mobile phone into home systems, through a dedicated siteStreaming home content out to the mobile device

Suppliers - Mostly small / early stage companies

Regional overviewNorth America - leading Europe - Hutchison & Vodafone pushingAsia Pacific, Middle East, Latin America following

Top 3 servicesOrb – HutchisonSlingbox – HutchisonMeinPC – Vodafone, Germany

AssessmentsOpen 3G network to unlimited/personalized content choiceCost of additional hardwarePerceived setup complexityLow broadband uplink speeds in many countries

51

Slingbox (3Home TV)

Service overview3Home TV service, with the help of a Slingbox, allows users to transmit programmes from Terrestrial TV, Freeview, cable and satellite TV, on their mobile phones

Service typesPlace Shifting Services

Service package3Home TV

Service descriptionWith this service, users can

Watch Live TV videosWatch recorded videosCreate a play list for videos

Need to have broadband connection to Slingbox

Service pricingHKD 68.00 per 60 hoursSling box instrument is priced at HKD 1980

http://www.three.com.au/

52

Orb (3Home PC)

Service overviewOrb allows users to directly access digital content and documents from home computers on their mobile phones

Service typesPlace Shifting Services

Service package3Home PC

Service descriptionUsers can stream videos, download photos and music tracks in home computer to their mobile phones Need to have broadband connection and Orb software installed on their PC

Service pricingHKD 88.00 for 500 MB of 3Home PCHKD 48.00 for 50 MB of 3Home PCHKD 138 for 3Home TV + 3Home PC packages

http://www.three.com.au/

53


LBS

54

LBS enabling technologies

GPS/Satellites-based – 10m accuracyAssisted GPS –location server (hosted by operator) assists a wireless device client to produce location fixesStandalone GPS – phone compute position fix using purely signal from satellites

With Assisted File (usually updated and provided by OEM)

Non GPS/Satellites-based – 100-1000m accuracy

Cell Sector Centroids: use knowledge of which cell sector is serving the mobile, and which are seen by the mobile, to determine position.Round Trip Delay (RTD): use measurements made by the Base Stations.Advanced Forward Link Trilateration (AFLT):ranging to cell towers using the Pilot phase measurement.

55

NTT DoCoMo

imadoco searchAllows users to use i-mode or a PC to get maps showing the location of loved ones.

Highly accurate location information is available on maps if the person you are looking for has a GPS compatible handset. (if a compatible handset is not available, location information is acquired from base stations.)

http://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/english/service/gps/imadoco/index.html#p01

Main FunctionsImmediate SearchSchedule SearchArea Monitoring Alarm Search Power OFF Search

Fees210yen/ month, 5 yen/ search

56http://www.sktelecom.com/eng/jsp/tlounge/presscenter/PressCenterDetail.jsp?f_reportdata_seq=1533

SK Telecom - i-Kids service

Service overviewThe i-Kids service provides the user with the ability to track assets (e.g. people, animals, etc.) using a device that is attached or located with the asset.

Service descriptionThis service enables the user to find the location of their children and give the details of their movements in an emergency situation. It also provides a 'Safety Zone' service that allows the user to set up a given area for the child to stay within and provides a warning message if the child leaves the safety zone.The tracker can be applied to any moving object, e.g. pets or valuable luggage.

57

Hutchison HK - Locate

MyNearestGive user current location, assists them in finding any particular point of interest in close proximity (such as ATMs, restaurants & cafes, gas stations, car parks, theatres, monuments etc.)

Nearby JetsoNearby Jetso provides a large number of bargain offers or discount schemes from various shops and restaurants that are close to the user’s location.

Follow Me Follow UEnable you to search and get map location of your friends and relatives once obtained their authorization

EasyGOThe offers the fastest, cheapest and convenience route to your selected location and assist you to get there save & easily.

http://www.three.com.hk/website/template?pageid=45800&lang=eng

58

Many QC-enabled GPS Handsets from Leading OEMsHTC

TyTn II (Carriers, Retail, OMA SUPL 1.0 A-GPS, Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 1.0)

Samsung i550 (Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 2.0, Symbian)i560 (Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 2.0, Symbian)i640 (Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 2.0, Symbian)i780 (OMA SUPL 1.0, Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 2.0, Windows Mobile)

HPiPAQ 600 Business Navigator (OMA SUPL 1.0 A-GPS, Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 2.0)iPAQ 900 Series (OMA SUPL 1.0 A-GPS, Standalone, gpsOneXTRA, Enhanced Nav 2.0)

HTC TyTn II Samsung i550Samsung i780Samsung i560

Samsung i640HP iPAQ 600

Series Business Navigator

HP iPAQ 900 Series

… and many more coming soon

59

Things to consider in LBS

Network investment plan (e.g. AGPS)Map availabilityLBS application requirement

Quick Time to Fix for Navigation purposeHigh Yield Rate for emergency purposeAccuracy affect the LBS application type

E.g. MyNearest type of apps can be of 100m-1000m level of accuracyE.g. Navigation should be of 10m level accuracy

Smart phone preferred for Map/Navigation applicationHigh sensitivity phone (-154dbm to -160dbm) required for emergency type pf application

60


Mobile Advertising & Commerce

61

Mobile Advertising– general trends

4 main types of mobile advertisingMessaging (MMS / SMS)Portal adsSponsored search – including LBSInterstitial during content download

Normally free of charge (but ads may consume the data KB usage)

SuppliersGoogle and Yahoo are investing heavilyA very large number of players are positioning in mobile advertising. All interested groups are converging on the area heavily. The landscape is not settled

Regional overviewNorth America

Sprint, Verizon, Alltel were early with portal ads and sponsored searchVirgin and Boost focusing on messaging

Asia Pacificoperators in developed markets are using messaging and portal advertising

Europe Vodafone, Orange, T-Mobile use messaging and internet models

62

Best of Class 3G Mobile Advertising

MOBILE ADVERTISING – Aircross, S.Korea

Aircross offers Push tools (SMS, MMS)Pull tools (banners and sponsored search) and Ring-back tones (pre-recorded promotional

messages)

Source:http://www.mobiadnews.com/?p=762

PORTAL ADVERTISING – T-Mobile, UK & Germany

Advertisers can provide links and banners on T-Mobile’s web ‘n’ walk portal, related to various topics such as news, finance, sport, travel, etc.

Banners and links in central positions on the display - highly visible to users.

Available to all t-zones customers in United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, the Netherlands and Czech Republic

http://www.mobiadnews.com/?p=762

63

Best of Class 3G Mobile Advertising – Cont’

Sponsored Search – Sprint, US

Sponsored Search provides the functionality of Microsoft Live Local Search plus sponsorship and advertisement placement.

Users get advertisements related to their latest search results displayed on Live Search, and click a link to connect to the service and sales representatives.

Source:http://blog.searchenginewatch.com/blog/061116-023446

Ad during download – Orange, France

Ads are provided while end users are downloading mobile games, between levels or while the game is loading.

Incentive - Subscribers can download a game from games publisher at a discount or for free, if they accept advertising within the game.

Free to choose more or none - For a period of two months, users can request further details on each brand by initiating a call or opening a WAP session. Or they can click past the ads and continue with the game at any point.

http://blog.searchenginewatch.com/blog/061116-023446

64

Mobile advertising - evaluation

Overall evaluationImmature market now but big potential

A key component of other hot services -search, social networks, mapping / navigation, music, video

Deep understanding of user response/tolerance is essential

Appropriate share of screen real estate. User needs to feel in controlCareful use of personal data

User must get something back – free use is the main element

Learn new business model & how to be an advertiser.

AdoptionMarket forecasts estimate

<$2bn 2007>$11bn 2011Source: Informa report

This is still a small part of online advertising

~$400bn long-term

65

M-commerce by NTT DoCoMo with FeliCa-enabled Handset

66

Mobile Commerce enabled by NFC

Near Field Communication (NFC) is a standard-based, short-range wireless connectivity technology that enables simple and safe two-way interactions between electronic devices

Operating at 13.56 MHz and transferring data at up to 424 Kbits/sec

NFC mobile can enable applications like payment, transit access, smart poster…etc by a simple touch

Dozens of deployment underway -commercial and trial

Standardized by NFC forum, with support from numerous industry players

http://www.nfc-forum.org

67

3G Applications and ServicesMobile Search

68

Mobile search – general trends

Discovery of people, places, goods, services and contentUnderpins all new internet services

Social networking, UGC, music, TV, mapping, navigation, shopping, mobile advertising

3 main types of mobile searchWebLocal search (local country)On-device

Main search methodsSMSDevice clientOperator portalMobile web site (e.g. Google)

Tariff is normally only the data charges

Regional overview & adoption

North America, Asia Pacific (Japan, Korea) is leading Europe is catching up quickly, with push from NokiaMiddle East, Latin America is following

MEF Figuresonly 20% of users use mobile search at allonly 4% use it weekly or more.What is it used for?

MEF survey: ringtones, music downloads, sports results, games and news. US survey: maps, weather, local information

69

Search - metrics

70

Best of Class 3G – Web search

Google search – Various Operators

Part of the Google Mobile suite which supports web, mobile web, local contents (12 countries, now integrated with maps) and images.

Results pages are (optionally) rendered for a mobile screen. Hits can contain sponsored links.

Supports more than 100 languages.

Future versions will use on-board GPS to refine local search.

Pricing - data plan charges only apply

Yahoo! onesearch – Various OperatorsSearch is part of an integrated suite provided by Yahoo! for use across PC, TV and mobile.

Uniquely it collates results by category, and promotes those most relevant to the part of the app you were in when the search was launched.

It enables local search (local country) and can include sponsored search results and display ads.

Pricing - data plan charges only apply

71


Mobile Community and Social Networking

72

Mobile Community and Social Networking

7 main facilities on social networksProfile pagesGroups Self-expression and content creation toolsContent sharingBlogs / forumsMessaging between membersApplications (usually. 3rd parties, e.g. Xmas tree)

Tariff is normally only the data charges

Regional overviewNorth America – several stand-alone services for dating & picture sharing, but no interconnected dealsAsia Pacific – strong growth, several large operator community establishedEurope – mobile blogging established, but few large social networks from operatorsMiddle East – slow growth, some operator blogging tools.Latin America – Vivo offers large-scale chat communities, others offer blogging + photo sharing

73

Mobile Community and Social NetworkingKink Kommunity – 3, UK, Australia

Users post pictures of themselves in order that they can be rated.

Offers a chat and messaging facility so that users may stay in touch.

Sponsored content offers blogs, news and entertainment in groups across the site.

Pricing£1.49 per month for unlimited access or purchase a 24- hour pass for only 20p.Charged at standard rates for sending MMS messages.

CyWorld – SK Telecom

Allows users to create profiles in the form of a “miniroom” – a decorated virtual house. The mobile client complements traditional access to the service over the web.1.2m unique users in 2005 and ~2m by the end of 2006.

User base is seen as younger than that of rival services such as MySpace

Through their advertising position have garnered a higher percentage of female users than most networks.

Last year alone, $140m of sales were generated from the virtual goods on offer.

http://www.three.co.uk/personal/index.omp

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/16/Cxworld_screenshot.jpg

74

Mobile Community and Social NetworkingBigBlog – Telstra, AustraliaTelstra BigBlog allows subscribers to keep an online diary (blog) as well as post pictures, messages and movies online.

LightPay as you go: .AU $0.015 per Kb

OccasionalAU $5 per month for 1 MB browsing packAdditional usage at AU $0.005 per Kb

FrequentAU $8 per month for 3 MB browsing packAdditional usage at AU $0.0026 per Kb

Very Frequent AU $16 per month for 10 MB browsing packAdditional usage at AU $0.0020 per Kb

AdvancedAU $29 per month for 70 MB browsing packAdditional usage at AU $0.0020 per Kb

YouTube – Vodafone, UK, Italy

Users on Vodafone’s network in the UK are able to view a selection of the YouTube catalog, Google’s giant video sharing service.

Accessed through Vodafone Live! users can stream popular videos as well as add their comment and opinion to those they have viewed.

PricingPAYG – £1 per MB usedMonthly plan – £7.50 with a 120 MB data allowance

75

Mobile Community and Social Networking - evaluation

Key component technology - functionality can be used in a variety of apps and services (e.g. a music store).

Mobile devices a good tool for these appsPhoto, video, music, messaging, contacts, GPS

Two main types of service Developed for mobile - Possibly run by the operatorOrigin from web, customized for mobileOperator role less clear

Integration to make technology invisible. Users like to feel they have discovered a service (e.g. Facebook), not being sold it

Cool brand (e.g Facebook) can help take up

Users do not expect to pay to use, but can charge by MMS traffic & advertising

Advertising, but keep it balance

Risk of legal challenge (e.g. copyright content uploaded)

Some communication may shift from voice / SMS

One bad privacy scare could cause a backlash

76

3G Applications and Services3G application development – processes, success rules & conclusion

77

Typical 3G apps development flow (simplified)

Vendor evaluation

Vendor selection

System commissioning

System enhancement

Business case

Soft launch

PricingPackaging

Channel issues

E2E test (system test, billing test, function testTrouble shooting plan…)

Commercial launch

Driving forces & ideas from engineering, competitors, regulator, vendors…etc

Service concepts

No new platform required

DocumentationService concept paperService description paperBusiness case analysisProject schedule/matrixMigration/roll-back proceduresTest plansService briefing, frontline support Q&A

…. Shall define own processes according to 3G apps objectivesDocument control important

78

3G apps development – common roles & dutiesService planning

Monitor service & technology requirement in the marketCustomer proposition / Business model / Business planVendor contact, evaluation & selectionPrepare service concept & specification paperService look & feelService acceptanceService briefing, customer Q&A

Project managementOnce a service initiative is confirmed, it is the team’s job to ensure its roll-out according to time schedule and allocated resourcePrepare project scheduleService acceptance test planProject co-ordination

Each team clearly understand their roles

Content development & managementContent partner contact & contract managementContent specificationIn-house content development, customizationShall have legal knowledge

79

Inter-team communication

Overseas experience, Market needs, Research result, competitor, vendor input, …etc

Future Services

Customer RelationshipDevelopment

Customers Division

New Services CommitteeCEO, Marketing, Sr management

CUSTOMER

2. Business planApproval

Approved

ServicesConcepts

4. Services launchstage, go to market

Marketing Operations(Marketing)Services Planning

1. ServicePlanning stageFuture ServicesServices PlanningMarketing Operations“Others”

3. Project ManagementServices ImplementationMarketing OperationsCustomers DivisionISService Engineering

5. Feedback &iterative improvements

CustomerCommunications

Support

In 3G, inter-team communication & coordination is more crucial

80

Generic success rules in 3G application business

Application itself

Ease of useAuto handset configuration (e.g. WAP proxy, MMSC centre address, …etc)Manual free

Standardized & sustainable technologye.g. EMS (Enhanced Messaging) failed

Inter-operability among handsets/carriers/servers (e.g. IO-MMS)Simple charging – do not confuse the customerFree trial always help – let the customer understand the value

Operator itself

Don’t be afraid of exploring new business models

Mobile advertisement, mobile commerce require innovative models

Explore handset capability and understand handset penetrationExplore & develop different partnerships

E.g. Content esp. branded one become increasing important in 3G apps. So content partners are important.

Encourage sales to promote the service, frontline to support the service

81

Conclusion3G network is essential for the increasing demand of mobile voice business

3G application business will be more challenging than traditional voice/2G business

Operator shall prepare to adopt new mentality, explore new business models, develop new partnerships.Application development process can be reviewed so that 3G application business can be better managed.

Many 3G applications are successfully deployed in the market. Operators shall choose the set of application according to their own 3G application business strategy

3G residential broadband is successful to deploy in most countries. It is particularly suitable for developing countries in which fixed internet facility is inadequate

1

QUALCOMM CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARYRestricted Distribution: Not to be distributed to anyone who is not an employee of either Qualcomm, or a subsidiary of Qualcomm, without the express approval of Qualcomm’s Configuration Management.Not to be used, copied, reproduced in whole or in part, nor its contents revealed in any manner to others without the express written permission of Qualcomm.

UMTS Lessons Learned for Vietnam80-W1564-1 Rev A

Feb 19, 2008

280-WXXXX-1 Rev X MAY CONTAIN US EXPORT CONTROLLED INFORMATION

Q u a l c o m m C O N F I D E N T I A L A N D P R O P R I E T A R Y

Agenda

• 3G capabilities and features• 3GPP Release 99 and Release 4• 3GPP Release 5• 3GPP Release 6

• 3G capacity on AMR voice and PS data

• 3G dimensioning on air interface and backhaul



Release 99 and Release 4 Key Features (1)

• New WCDMA Radio Interface (UTRAN) (TS23.002)• Minimum impact on the Core Network (adapted pre-Release 99 GSM/GPRS Core Network

infrastructure)• New type of interface between core and access networks (Iu)• the “upgrading” of the CN signaling to take into account the new capabilities (UMTS: Iu-CS,

Iu-PS compared to GSM: A, Gb)• FDD and TDD at 3.84 Mcps (on 5MHz carriers)• TDD at 1.28 Mcps (on 1.6MHz carriers) introduced in Rel 4

Circuit-SwitchedCore Network

Packet-SwitchedCore Network

UTRA-FDD(WCDMA)

Access Network

UTRA-TDDAccess Network

GSM/GPRSAccess Network

Non-AccessStratum

AccessStratum

Wideband CodeDivision Multiple

Access

3.84 Mcps Option1.28 Mcps Option Global System for Mobile

Communications /General Packet Radio Service



WCDMA Upgrade Path from GSM/GPRS (1)

Before:



WCDMA Upgrade Path from GSM/GPRS (2)

After:



Common Frequency Channel

“Selemat Datang”“Bonjour”

“Hello” “Guten Tag” “Buenos Dias”

Code Division Multiple Access



A A AA A A A

A A AA A A A

A A AA A A A

A A AA A A A

E F DC B E F

G C BD G C

F DB E F D

C B EA G C B

AA

TDMA and GSM Systems CDMA Systems

N = 7 N = 1

CDMA uses Frequency Reuse of N=1

Frequency Re-Use – CDMA

Higher Spectrum Efficiency can be achieved with CDMA

Interference (from users on the same frequency carrier) needs to be managed in CDMA



Increased Power(Fast)

DecreasedPower

Increased Power

Decreased Power(Slow)

IncreasedPower

Decreased Power

Power Control compensates for: - Near/Far Problem- Path Loss- Fading

Power Control in CDMA



Multipath

BSC

Cell Cell

multipath.emfThe mobile can adjust for differing path delays and phase shifts of the different multipath arrivals and then combine the arrivals coherently.



FDMA / TDMA / WCDMA (Inter-frequency / Inter-RAT)

WCDMA (Intra-frequency)

Soft Handoverreduces Dropped Calls

Soft Handoverreduces Dropped Calls

Hard Handover Soft Handover

Hard Handover Versus Soft Handover




• Services as in GSM/GPRS (TS22.105, 22.101)• Voice: GSM – EFR/FR/HR, WCDMA – AMR (8 codec modes – 4.75 to 12.2kbps+SID)• PS Data: GPRS (Releases 97, 98) – 171 kbps max (TS 05.01), WCDMA – 2Mbps max

(theory) and typical deployment – 384kbps max• CS Emergency Call without USIM (IMEI) –911/112• PS Emergency Call not supported yet

• GSM/GPRS Interworking (TS21.01)• Idle mode reselection between WCDMA and GSM• Connected mode inter-Radio-Access-Technology (inter-RAT) handovers between WCDMA

and GSM/GPRS (Typically, CS: handover, PS: cell change)• No mapping for CS-64 kbps services (video calls) from WCDMA to GSM

GSM Coverage

WCDMA area WCDMA area



Inter-RAT

• Scenarios for inter-system cell reselection or handover• Leaving contiguous WCDMA coverage, i.e. the border areas of WCDMA and GSM

coverage• Lack of indoor coverage within WCDMA network, i.e. less coverage depth when

compared to that of GSM• Load balance between WCDMA and GSM

• Triggers for inter-RAT: • CPICH Ec/No and/or RSCP (either or both falling too low)

• Compressed Mode is the technique to create idle time gaps for inter-frequency or inter-RAT measurements (two main types):

• Spreading Factor Reduction - SF/2 (commonly used for AMR and PS data)• Higher Layer Scheduling - HLS (for PS data only)

Note that inter-RAT should not be used to fix pilot pollution or coverage hole problems within WCDMA network!




• Multimedia Telephony (TS23.972,22.101)

• Utilizes Circuit-Switched low rate bearer – no equivalent service in GSM/GPRS

• Allows low-cost, real-time, two-way multimedia communications

• Core protocol: ITU-T H.324/ANNEX C (Multimedia Telephone Terminals Over Error Prone Channels)




• Location Services over Air Interface (TS22.071, TS23.171 and TS25.305)• Provides the location information of mobile terminal –

• This information can be used for network internal services (i.e., location-assisted handover, traffic and coverage measurements), lawful intercept services, emergency services, and value added services (i.e., looking up the tourist attractions, the closest convenience store, bus stops, nearby sales promotion, finding route to other places, etc.)

• 3 types of radio location procedures in WCDMA:• Cell ID based (Serving cell ID + Round Trip Time)

• Supported in Release 99 or later• OTDOA-IPDL (Observed Time Difference of Arrival – Idle Period Downlink)

• UE measures the difference of Time of Arrival of a reference signal from multiple cells• Supported in Release 4 or later

• Network Assisted GPS• Supported in Release 4 or later



Release 5 Key Features (1)

• High-speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) (TS25.858)

Node B

High Speed Data on HS-PDSCHs

HSDPA UEs



Changes in HSDPA



UMTS Architecture with HSDPA




• Evolution towards IP• Trend towards All-IP network architecture

• Provides traffic routing flexibility• Increases network efficiency and reduces cost of delivering traffic

• Release 4 specifies evolution of core network transport to IP (TS29.002, TS29.078, TS29.018 & TS29.016)

• Architecture defined by SIGTRAN in IETF (Internet Engineering Taskforce) • Signaling (e.g. MAP, CAP, BSSAP+) over IP

• Release 5 specifies evolution of UTRAN transport to IP (TS25.933)• IPv6 mandatory and IPv4 optional (dual stack recommended)• Interworking with R99, Rel 4 and Rel 5 ATM transport networks




• IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) (TS22.228, TS23.228 & TS23.218)

• Comprises all CN elements for provision of multimedia services - signalling and bearer related network elements as defined in TS 23.002

• Open architecture and platforms based on the IETF Internet Standards – conformant interfaces and protocol (i.e., SIP – Session Initiation Protocol)

• Access independence (i.e., UTRAN or GERAN)

• Interoperation with wireline terminals in PSTN across the Internet

• Utilizes the PS domain for the transport of signaling and bearer traffic




• HSUPA (TS25.309 and TS25.896)

• Set of high speed channels is received at the Node B.• Interference is shared by multiple users.• Several users may be allowed to transmit at given data rate and power on a fast scheduling.• Advantages:

• Higher Peak Data Rate in Uplink• Enable new services and improve user perception• Improved Uplink Coverage for higher Data Rates• Improved Uplink Cell Capacity• Reduced Latency• Fast Scheduling and Resource Control• Increase resource utilization and efficiency

Node B

E-DPDCH

E-DPDCH

E-DPDCH



Improved Cell Capacity

Higher Peak Data RatesReduced Latency

Improved QoS SupportFaster

Resource Control

Release 99 UL DCH HSUPA

Minimum TTI of 10 ms

Smaller TTI of 2 ms

Slow UL rate switching

(RNC based)

Fast UL data ratecontrol in the Node B

Improved Physical Layer performance

through HARQ

Multiplexing of transport channels at Physical Layer

Multiplexing of logical channels at MAC layer

Slow mechanism to request resources

Fast mechanism to request UL resources

Dedicated resource allocation for latency sensitive applications

Dedicated resource allocation that could

not be used efficiently

New Transport Channel

New Physical Channels



UMTS Architecture with HSUPA




• QoS for PS Domain (TS23.207)• Provides the framework for end-to-end

Quality of Service (QoS) • Describes the interaction between the TE/MT

Local Bearer Service, the GPRS Bearer Service, and the External Bearer Service, and how these together provide Quality of Service for the End-to-End Service

• Describes IP level mechanisms necessary in providing end-to-end Quality of Service involving GPRS networks, including possible interaction between the IP level and the GPRS level, as well as the application level and the IP level

TE MT UTRAN/GERAN

CNIuEDGENODE

CNGateway

TE

GPRS

End-to-End Service

TE/MT LocalBearer Service

UMTS Bearer External BearerService

GPRS Bearer Service

Radio Access Bearer CN BearerService

BackboneBearer Service

Iu BearerService

Radio BearerService

PhysicalRadio

Service

PhysicalBearer Service



Quality of Service Traffic Classes

Traffic class Conversational Streaming Interactive Background

Fundamental characteristics

• Delay sensitive (stringent and very low delay, low jitter)

• Typically error tolerant

• Typically unidirectional

• Delay sensitive (low delay and jitter)

• Low error tolerant

• Request response pattern

• Preserve payload content (Error sensitive)

• Destination is not expecting the data within a certain time

• Preserve payload content (Error sensitive)

Real-time Non real-time

Example of typical application

VoIP, PSVT,

Real-time gaming

Streaming audio and video

Web browsing FTP, Email

•3GPP QoS architecture defines only for UMTS Bearer Service and Radio Access Bearer Service a set of QoS attributes.

• One of them is the Traffic class. There are four defined QoS Traffic classes, and the main distinguishing factors between them are:

• Delay sensitivity and• Error tolerance




• Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS) (TS22.146, 22.246, 23.246, 25.346, 26.346)

• Unidirectional Point-to-Multipoint bearer service: allows single source entity to be transmitted to multiple recipients. It is intended to efficiently use radio/network resource, i.e. data is transmitted over a common radio channel.

• Two MBMS bearer service modes: • Broadcast – more than the low bit rate Cell Broadcast Service (CBS) but can also carry

multimedia data like voice, video, etc. There is no specific requirement to activate or subscribe to the MBMS in broadcast mode. Probably not charged and cannot guarantee reliable data reception.

• Multicast – requires subscription to the multicast subscription group and then the user joining the corresponding multicast group. Probably charged based on subscriptions. Inter-operable with IETF IP Multicast but with radio/network resources sharing in 3gpp multicast mode.

Node B

FACH on SCCPCH



Agenda

• 3G capabilities and features

• 3G capacity on AMR voice and PS data• Release 99• Release 5 HSDPA (PS)• Release 6 HSUPA (PS)

• 3G dimensioning on air interface and backhaul



WCDMA R99 Capacity

• Cell throughput / capacity depends on a few factors:• DL Transmit power• Available DL OVSF codes• UL rise over thermal (interference)• Number of available channel elements• Backhaul and network equipment capacity limitation

• Under perfect RF conditions, maximum cell throughput / capacity can be estimated based on OVSF code limitation

• However, it is not easy to predict the typical cell throughput / capacity of WCDMA system, except through detailed simulations or field measurements



WCDMA R99 Capacity Estimation

Service Data Rate Target BLER Max. DPCH Power Capacity[1] Coverage[2]

[kb/s] [%] [dBm] [Watt] [users] [radius] [area]

AMR 12.2 1% 31.5 1.4 10.7 101% 103%

CS 64 1% 36 4.0 3.8 96% 91%

CS 128 1% 36 4.0 3.8 86% 75%

PS 64 5% 36.5 4.5 3.4 100% 100%

PS 128 5% 37 5.0 3.0 91% 84%

PS 144 5% 37 5.0 3.0 88% 77%

PS 384 5% 37 5.0 3.0 67% 45%

[1] The given capacity reflects a worst case scenario with all users located at the cell edge.[2] Indicates the relative coverage with respect to the CPICH.



UE Categories

Category Single User Peak Rate

1 1.2 Mbps2 1.2 Mbps3 1.8 Mbps4 1.8 Mbps5 3.6 Mbps6 3.6 Mbps7 7.2 Mbps8 7.2 Mbps9 10.1 Mbps

10 14.0 Mbps11* 0.9 Mbps12* 1.8 Mbps

* No 16-QAM Modulation

HSDPA

E-DCH Category TTI

Single User Peak rate for TTI = 10 ms*

Single User Peak rate for TTI = 2 ms

Category 1 711 kbps

1448 kbps

1448 kbps

2000 kbps

2000 kbps

2000 kbps

Category 2

--

1448 kbps

--

2886 kbps

--

Category 3

Category 4

Category 5

Category 6 5742 kbps

10 ms

2 & 10 ms

10 ms

2 & 10 ms

10 ms

2 & 10 ms

HSUPA

* Maximum Peak data rate for 10 ms E-DCH TTI operation is 2 Mbps in all configurations



Receiver Types in 3GPP

• Latest HSPA devices (such as Cat 6 and Cat 8) are also equipped with advanced receivers (Type 2, 3, etc.) which have improved reception performance compared to conventional RAKE (Type 0) receiver employed commonly in R99 devices

• Due to the enhancement in signal-to-interference ratio, higher throughput and capacity become possible

• Dynamic switching between different receiver types can be implemented to adapt to different radio environment, i.e., Type 1 / 3 switching, etc.



6.51

6.72

7.08

7.21

1.82

1.72

1.60

1.55

3.65

3.58

3.36

3.26

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00Cat 12 TP (Mbps) Cat 6 TP (Mbps) Cat 8 TP (Mbps)

Assuming 100% scheduling and 0% SBLER, the maximum HSDPA single user throughput can be calculated as follows:

1. 3gpp Maxphy layer

2. UTRAN Maxphy layer

3. RLCthroughput

4. RemoveTCP/IP headers

Maximum HSDPA Single User Throughput



Max HSDPA Cell Throughput with 10MHz Spectrum (Downlink)

• Cat 12• No CDM with 5 HS-PDSCHs• Sufficient DL power, backhaul and other network resources• Maximum TBS selected for all users• Maximum Cell Throughput = 1.60Mbps * 2 = 3.20 Mbps

• Cat 6• No CDM with 5 HS-PDSCHs• Sufficient DL power, backhaul and other network resources• Maximum TBS selected for all users• Maximum Cell Throughput = 3.36Mbps * 2 = 6.72Mbps

• Cat 8• CDM with 2 users,

• One with 10 HS-PDSCHs• Two with 5 HS-PDSCHs each

• Sufficient DL power, backhaul and other network resources• Maximum TBS selected for all users• Maximum Cell Throughput = max(6.72, 2 x 3.36) * 2 = 13.44 Mbps



Simulated HSDPA Cell Throughput with 10MHz Spectrum (Downlink)

UE Category

# of HS-SCCH

# of HS-PDSCH

Surrounding Cell Loading

HSDPA Power

Cell Throughput [Mbps]

12 1 5 50% 80% 1.27 * 2 = 2.54

6 1 5 50% 80% 1.69 * 2 = 3.38

8 1 10 50% 80% 2.55 * 2 = 5.10

• Cell throughput numbers shown in the table below take a factor of 2 because of 10MHz spectrum



Data Rate Comparison with 10MHz Spectrum (Downlink)Technology Max

Single User Throughput [Mbps]

Typical

Single User Throughput [Mbps]

Max

Cell Throughput with 2 x 5MHz [Mbps]

Typical

Cell Throughput with 2 x 5MHz [Mbps]

WCDMA R99 0.384 0.346 5.38 3 * 0.384 * 0.9 * 2 = 2.07

HSDPA Cat 125 Codes

1 HS-SCCH

1.60 0.80 (Project A, CQI=12.8, Rake)

3.20 1.12 (Project A – stationary but mixed RF, Rake) * 2 = 2.24

2.54 (Simulation)

HSDPA Cat 810 Codes

1 HS-SCCH

6.72 1.87 (Project C, CQI=20.5)

2.32 (Project G, CQI=11.2, EQ only)

3.28 (Project G, CQI=14, EQ+RxD)

13.44 3.04 (Project G - mobility with EQ only) * 2 = 6.08

4.26 (Project G - mobility with EQ+RxD) * 2 = 8.52

5.10 (Simulation)

HSDPA Cat 65 Codes

1 HS-SCCH

3.36 1.31 (Project A, CQI=17, EQ)

1.21 (Project C, CQI=17, EQ)

6.72 1.83 (Project A – stationary but mixed RF, EQ) * 2 = 3.66

2.2 (Project F, Multiple Locations, EQ) * 2 = 4.4

3.38 (Simulation)



Downlink Single User Throughput

9.6

9.657.6

28.8160

48

473.

6

89.638

4

346

1600

800

3360

1310

6720

3280

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

Max DL Single UserThroughput [kbps]

Typical DL Single UserThroughput [kbps]

GSM CSD

HSCSD

GPRS

EDGE

WCDMA R99(Type 0 Receiver)

HSDPA Cat 12(Type 0 Receiver)

HSDPA Cat 6(Type 0/2 Receiver)

HSDPA Cat 8(Type 1/3 Receiver)



Downlink Cell Throughput with 10MHz Spectrum

374

27056

2

27078

0

468

2309

874

5380

2070

3200

2240

6720

3660

1344

0

8520

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Max DL CellThroughput [kbps]

Typical DL CellThroughput [kbps]

GSM CSD

HSCSD

GPRS

EDGE

WCDMA R99 (Type 0 Receiver)

HSDPA Cat 12(Type 0 Receiver)

HSDPA Cat 6 (Type 0/2 Receiver)

HSDPA Cat 8 (Type 1/3 Receiver)



1.6

1.81

1.87

1.89

1.45

1.45

1.38

1.36

1.32

1.27

1.99

2.00

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2

Cat 3 TP (Mbps) Cat 5 TP (Mbps)

Application layer throughput depends on implementation as well as protocols involved. Assuming 100% scheduling, we can achieve:

Field application layer throughput using FTP

1. 3gpp Maxphy layer

2. UTRAN Maxphy layer

3. RLCthroughput

4. Consider 1%SBLER

5. RemoveTCP/IP headers

Maximum HSUPA Single User Throughput



Measured HSUPA Single User Throughput (Cat 3)

Mobility Near Cell

Ec/No [dB] -6.6 -4.2

UE TX Power [dBm] -12.6 -2.7

L1 Data Rate [kbps] 992 1343

FTP Throughput [kbps] 892 1182

Average UL BLER [%] 4.1 1.9

50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 1300

500

1000

1500

2000

Elapsed Time [sec]

L1 D

ata

Rat

e [k

bps]

HSUPA L1 Data Rate

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 1400

20

40

60

80

100

BLE

R [%

]

Elapsed Time [sec]

Average BLER (blue) and Residual BLER (red)

50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 1300

1

2

3

4

5

Res

idua

l BLE

R [%

]

BLER

Res BLER

0 5000 10000 150000

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

TBS [bits]

pdf

HSUPA Transport Block Size distribution

SG bitsTBS

Peak Throughput (1.45 Mbps with 2xSF4)

Mobility

Near Cell



HSUPA Simulated Average Cell Throughput with 5MHz Spectrum

• RoT target of 7 to 8dB provides an average sector throughput of 700 to 800kbps in a uniformly-loaded system



HSUPA Measured Cell Throughput with 5MHz Spectrum

Field test conditions:• 3 HSUPA test UEs doing big file

uploads• No other user traffic



Agenda

• 3G capabilities and features

• 3G capacity on AMR voice and PS data

• 3G dimensioning on air interface and backhaul• Air-interface• Backhaul



Network dimensioning questions (1 of 5)• How many 3G subscribers do you forecast?

• Determines the traffic capacity requirement

• How are these subscribers spread over the area?• and the geographical user density (traffic demand)

Phase

Total GSM subscriber count

Expected UMTS subscriber count

Scaling factor

1 2.5M 0.25 2 5.0M 0.50 3

10M 10.0M 1.00



Network dimensioning questions (2 of 5)

• What services do you offer to subscribers?• Maps to different radio bearers and channels and determines the quality of

service requirements (per radio bearer)• Voice: AMR• Video Telephony: CS64• Internet access: PS (PS64/128/144/384/HSPA)• Ring-tone / video clip download: PS (PS64/128/144/384/HSPA)• Video streaming: PS streaming (interactive or streaming RAB)

• What quality of service do you expect? • What is the target service blocking probability for each service?

• For capacity planning• What is the acceptable performance target for each service?

• Maximum decoding error rate can be translated to Eb/Nt requirements in the link budget

• Linked to end-user experiences




• What is the expected service usage for an average subscriber? • Determines the average user traffic profile

Total PS traffic 150 kBytes@BH DL traffic 80% 120 kBytes@BH

UL traffic 20% 30 kBytes@BH

PS traffic distribution % DL [%] UL [%] DL volume [kbytes]

UL volume [kbytes]

PS64 30% 24% 6% 36 9 PS128 30% 24% 6% 36 9 PS384 30% 24% 6% 36 9 HSDPA 10% 8% 2% 12 3 total 120 30

Average User Profile PS data Voice Video Conferencing Terminal PDA Mobile Phone PDA

Busy hour traffic per User 120 kBytes (DL) 30 kBytes (UL) 20 mErl 1 mErl

Calls/hour 0.2 1 1 Duration (sec.) 90 30 DL Volume (kBytes) 480 UL Volume (kBytes) 120



Network dimensioning questions (4 of 5)• How big is your network service area? Do you have different coverage

requirements for different services?• Determines the coverage requirements and also resource planning

• AMR should have 100% coverage over the intended 3G service area• CS64 may require 100% coverage over the intended 3G service area

depending on the operator’s marketing strategy (to differentiate 3G from 2G based on Video Telephony, etc.)

• PS should have 100% coverage over the intended 3G service area but high data rate may not be mandatory in some places, i.e., cell edge, network edge. Channel rate/type switching can be exploited to provide contiguous PS coverage at varying data rate.

• Indoor coverage may not be required in some remote areas.

• What equipment do you use?• Node B configuration, antenna system, cable connections, backhaul, etc.• Determines the main components in the link budget for coverage

dimensioning as well as capacity dimensioning.




• What are the appropriate propagation models for planning?• Path loss, coverage probability, slow fading, fast fading, soft handover gain,

building/vehicle penetration loss, etc.• Together with other information, we can determine the link budget and

therefore work out the cell radius

• How much spectrum do you plan to use?• Needs to work out the frequency plan for future expansion

• How many 5MHz frequency carriers can you deploy?• Start with 1 or 2 frequency carriers?• Do we need a separate frequency carrier for in-building systems?• Do we need a separate frequency carrier for HSDPA?• How do you handle traffic distribution on multiple frequency carriers?• Would you consider multi-band operation such as UMTS2100 and

UMTS900? Are multi-band UMTS devices commercially available?



The approach to Network Dimensioning• Answering the questions listed in the previous few slides can help identify:

• Coverage requirements• Capacity requirements• Quality of Services requirements• Equipment features• Propagation models• Spectrum available

• Proper dimensioning would ensure:• Coverage > intended service area requirements• Traffic demand < min Capacity (Air-interface, Radio Access Network, Backhaul,

Core Network, Gateway, etc.)• Focus is typically on the Air-Interface because both coverage and capacity are

inter-related in WCDMA systems.• Other parts are typically slightly over-dimensioned so the bottleneck occurs at

the air-interface part to ensure efficient spectrum utilization



End-to-End Capacity Dimensioning



Spectrum Usage

• Shall we go for shared or dedicated frequency carrier for HSPA? • What are the requirements on (peak / average) single user throughput and

average sector throughput?• How much R99 traffic is loaded on the existing frequency carrier?• Dedicated frequency carrier allows all PA power reserved for HSDPA

maximizing the HS data rate and also less impact on R99 traffic



HS-SCCH set

• HSDPA does not support soft handover, and therefore having multiple good serving cells will not help!

• UE still has an active set but receives HSDPA transmissions from only one cell (which should be the best serving cell)

• Optimized R99 system may not necessarily provide good HS performance even when HSDPA is deployed 1:1 with R99

• Pilot dominance is the key to satisfactory HSDPA performance

Importance of Pilot Dominance (1 of 2)

Cell B

Cell A

RNC

Iub R99 DPCHsHS-PDSCHs

“HS-DSCH serving cell”

HS-DPCCH



Importance of Pilot Dominance (2 of 2)

• HSUPA supports soft handover, but it takes up additional network resources when there are multiple E-DCH cells in the E-DCH active set

3dTower.emf

Node B3dTower.emf

Node B

DATA

DATANAK

ACK

E-DCH cells part of the Active Set

• 3gpp specs require that HSUPA serving cell and HSDPA serving cell should be identical

• HSUPA E-DCH active set is a subset of the DPCH active set

• Single dominant pilot coverage reduces network resources usage, and unnecessary noise rise (and thus higher capacity)



Power Amplifier Upgrade

• Shall we go for higher power class power amplifier? • Does increased PA power correspond to downlink capacity gain? How much

downlink capacity gain can we obtain?• If there is only single user in the system, the increased PA power can directly

improve the HS performance.• When every cell/sector is upgraded to higher power PA, the overall interference

level goes up in similar fashion depending on the traffic loading distribution

UE Type Neighbor Cell Load Average Application Throughput Gainfrom 20 W to 40 W

0% 6.3%

40% 7.4% Cat.12

100% 0.2%

0% 33.5%

40% 10.7% Cat.8

100% 0.3%

Significant gain in isolated cell (i.e. indoor)



OVSF Code Usage

• 3GPP Rel. 6 introduces F-DPCH which allows multiple HSDPA UEs to share one DPCH which occupies less OVSF code tree space.



HSDPA Link Budget Analysis

• HSDPA downlink budget specifies the peak cell edge data rate

• For Release 5 UEs, Release 99 uplink link budget employed to determine downlink path loss to cell edge

• Depends on limiting service in Release 99 design

• For Release 6 UEs, Release 6 HSUPA uplink link budget should be compared with Release 5 HSDPA downlink link budget to determine which is the limiting link (depending on the traffic assumptions)



HSDPA Signal-to-Noise Ratio and Achieved Data Rate

• Data rate variation with Ec/Nt considers modulation, effective code rate, and encoder packet size

• Static channel conditions



HSDPA Link Budget Example

UL Path Loss from UL WCDMA Network Design 118.4 dB a

Overhead Channels (C-PICH, P-CCPCH, S-CCPCH) 20% b

%Power allocated to HSDPA 100% 100% of remaining power (after deducting the overhead channels) c

Operating margin 1.3 dB SPER = 30% d

Interference factor Ioc/Îor at cell edge 1 dB e

Orthogonality Factor 60.00% f

BTS Antenna Gain 18.0 dBi g

BTS Cable losses 3.0 dB h

Body loss 0 dB i

BTS Tx Power (dBm) 43.0 dBm k

UE Noise Figure 8.0 dB l

UE Antenna Gain 0.0 dB m

Thermal noise density -173.8 dBm/Hz n

Total HS Ec/Ior -1.0 dB 10*LOG((1-b)*c) o

HS-SCCH Ec/Ior -11.0 dB p

number of HS-SCCH 1 q

Available HS-DPSCH Ec/Ior -1.4 dB 10*LOG((10^((k+o)/10)*0.001-10^((k+p)/10)*0.001*q)/0.001)-k r

Max. Ec/Nt @ cell edge -2.8 dB (k+r-a)-(10*LOG(10^(((k+e-a))/10)+10^((n+10*LOG(3840000)+l)/10)+(1-f)*10^((((10*LOG(((10^(k/10)*0.001))*(1-10^(r/10))/0.001)))-a)/10))) s

Max PHY data-rate(kbps) @ cell edge 900 Look-up of achievable rate and Ec/Nt mapping table

Max MAC data-rate(kbps) @ cell edge 630 User throughput taking into account the re-transmission rate (SPER 30%)



• For HSUPA, given its unique coding structure and its high peak rates, several factors need special attention:

• Required Eb/Nt

• Rise-over-Thermal (ROT) target

• Peak-to-Average-Ratio (PAR) and Maximum-Power-Reduction (MPR)

HSUPA Link Budget



HSUPA – 990 kbps HSUPA – 60 kbps comments

A UE Maximum Transmit Power 21 dBm 21 dBm Class 4 UE

B Maximum Power Reduction, MPR 0.5 dB 2.5 dB input

C Mobile EIRP 20.5 dBm 18.5 dBm =A-B

D thermal noise density=kT -174.0 dBm/Hz -174.0 dBm/Hz

E Information rate 60.0 dB-Hz 47.8 dB-Hz =10*log10(Rate)

F Receiver Noise Figure 5.0 dB 5.0 dB Input

H Target Loading 80% 80% Input

I Target Rise over Thermal 7.0 dB 7.0 dB =-10*log10(1-H)

J Adjustment Factor 3.5 dB 0.2 dB Input

K Required Eb/Nt 6.8 dB 4.10 dB Input

L Node B Rx Sensitivity -98.7 dBm -110.2 dBm =D+E+F+I+K-J

M Rx Antenna Gain - Cable losses 14.0 dB 14.0 dB input

Q Σ Propagation components -26.2 dB -26.2 dB = O+P+BodyLoss+PenetrationLoss

N1 Cell Edge Confidence 90% N/A 90% N/A Input

N2 Standard Deviation 8.0 dB 8.0 dB Input

O Log normal fading margin -10.3 dB -10.3 dB =norminv(N1,0,N2)

P Handover gain 4.1 dB 4.1 dB =sqrt(norminv(N1,0,N2)-norminv(1-sqrt(1-N1),0,N2))*1.6-(8-N2)/10

R Maximum Allowable Path Loss 107.0 dB 116.5 dB =C-L+M+Q

HSUPA Link Budget Example



Dimensioning for UMTS Traffic

• Erlang B dimensioning is highly applicable to circuit switched single service applications.

• UMTS offers multiple, coexistent circuit, and packet switched services.

• Concurrent circuit switched data can be modeled using Erlang B by linear interpolation.

•

•

• (GoS=2%)

Supported CS64 and AMR Users

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70# of AMR Subs

# of

CS6

4 Su

bs

PS_0kbps

Multi-RAB Erlang Mix

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3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50AMR Erlangs

CS6

4 Er

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PS_0kbps Operating Points



Release 99 Multi-Service Dimensioning

Supported AMR and CS64 Erlangs for different Release 99 PS loading.Multi-RAB Erlang Mix

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0 5 10 15 20 25 30AMR Erlangs

CS6

4 Er

lang

s

PS_0kbps PS_100kbps PS_200kbps PS_300kbps PS_400kbps PS_500kbps

PS_600kbps PS_700kbps PS_800kbps PS_900kbps

Cell Capability Max # of Subs GOS Max Erl SupportedAMR 60 2.0% 49.6CS64 6 2.0% 2.3

PS 800 kbps per-cell max



Backhaul Transmission Options

• Backhaul transmission can use different connectivity options:• E1: 2.048 Mbps with 32 time slots of 64kbps

• Leased lines, microwave links, satellites

• T1: 1.544 Mbps with 24 time slots of 64kbps• Leased lines, microwave links, satellites

• IP-based transport: flexible bandwidth• Metro-Ethernet, WiMax, xDSL, and cable technologies



E1/T1 or IP transport?

• Deciding between E1/T1 or IP transport method:• E1/T1 can provide stable timing signals from primary reference source (PRS) to

calibrate the Node B’s internal oscillators, but the backhaul capacity can only be expanded in steps of 2Mbps (for E1) or 1.5 Mbps (for T1)

• IP transport allows statistical multiplexing and sharing resulting in higher efficiency and scalability. High capacity can be provided more cost efficiently through different mediums such as Ethernet (10/100/1000/10000 Mbps). However, synchronization may become an issue: High-quality embedded clock or GPS-based receiver or at least a single E1/T1 or alternative timing (i.e., synchronous Ethernet or Pseudowire) may be needed at each Node B.

• GSM and UMTS requires synchronization clock frequency accuracy of ±50 parts per billion (ppb) over the 10-year service life of the equipment; otherwise, handover performance may degrade.

• Pricing between the two options can vary in different countries depending on the availability of existing infrastructure.



Backhaul Dimensioning (1 of 3)

• Backhaul dimensioning should take into considerations:• Maximum bandwidth requirement, i.e., during Busy Hour• Average bandwidth requirement• Statistical distribution of bandwidth requirement• Iub flow control and RNC buffer• Means of backhaul transport available and the bandwidth that can be offered• Minimum HS data rate per user and maximum # of HS users per cell

• Bandwidth information can be obtained by:• Traffic modeling in network planning tool• Extrapolation based on current 2 and/or 2.5G systems• Market research studies

• Backhaul transport options should be consulted with infrastructure vendors regarding specific design.



• Backhaul bandwidth calculation should consider:• Desired carried traffic volume on DCH• Soft handover factor• System common control channels: PCH, RACH, FACH, BCH • Signaling overheads


Control Channels

User Traffic Channels (considering SHO)

Signaling Overheads

Backhaul




• Things to monitor for backhaul expansion:• Backhaul utilization

• Getting close to max limit of the existing links?• Note that the effective data payload throughput is lower than the quoted link

data rate (< 2Mbps for each E1 and < 1.5Mbps for each T1)• For example, E1 typically uses 2 time slots for framing, alarm, signaling, and

there are other overheads for common channels and BSC synchronization, NBAP and ATM signaling

• Node B Scheduling %• Node B scheduling drops well below 90%?• Node B running out of data from RNC?



ATM-based Backhaul Illustration

Backhauli.e., E1/T1

Virtual Path

Virtual Channel

On-DemandAAL2 Logical Link Connections (LLC)i.e., Radio Access Bearers

NBAP & ALCAPusing AAL5

Timing and Syncusing AAL0



Iub Overheads

• Iub overheads need to be estimated for backhaul dimensioning• Node B timing and synchronization • Node B element management signaling• NBAP signaling• Common control channels• ALCAP signaling for setting up transport bearers• RRC+ NAS signaling • Frame Protocol (FP) overheads• ATM/AAL2 multiplexing overheads• RLC AM retransmissions • Flow control signaling overheads between RNC and Node B



Link-level simulator or planning tool

Iub Dimensioning Algorithm



• Traffic volume• Amount of AMR, CS, R99 PS, and HS traffic

• Call traffic pattern• # of call setups, paging (Idle -> Cell_DCH)• # of RRC state transitions (Cell_DCH <-> Cell_FACH / Cell_PCH / URA_PCH)

• User mobility• Handover activity (# of Active Set Updates)• HS serving cell changes (# of physical layer reconfigurations)• RNC boundaries (Inter-RNC cell reselection/handovers result in additional

overheads such as location area update, SRNC and DRNC arrangements, etc.)

• Equipment capability• # of cells / Node Bs supported per RNC• # of physical ports• Rack configuration• ATM or IP based• + others …

Factors for Core Network Dimensioning



• Traffic volume• Increase loading on PS domain (SGSN, GGSN, etc.)

• Call traffic pattern• Different call traffic behavior with HS users• More data users will result in more RRC state transitions (Cell_DCH <->

Cell_FACH / Cell_PCH / URA_PCH)• User mobility

• Handover/ASU per user stays the same• # of reconfigurations increases because of HS cell changes • Inter-RNC HS cell changes may not be supported, but if supported, SRNC and

DRNC arrangements would cause significant overheads (on Iur) without SRNS relocation

• There may be more inter-RNC activity due to additional cell loading from HS traffic which results in smaller RNC area

• Equipment capability• # of cells will increase if dedicated carrier is used for HS traffic• Higher PS data traffic requires more core network bandwidth probably taking more

physical ports

Core Network Dimensioning with HSPA



Agenda

3G capabilities and features

3G capacity on AMR voice and PS data

3G dimensioning on air interface and backhaul



Conclusions

• WCDMA provides a great set of features and capabilities for delivering rich multimedia and advanced services to customers

• WCDMA provides great capacity benefits compared to 2G and 2.5G technologies, especially with the advanced receivers in latest chipsets

• WCDMA dimensioning requires good understanding of the 3G CDMA technology concepts and product specifications

• Network dimensioning should take into consideration the entire data path not only just the air-interface part but also the backhaul and the core network

3g vn wcdma workshop_qualcomm

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