2006-2007 academic catalog, advanced academic programs

Welcome to the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences Advanced Academic Programs (AAP). I am pleased to introduce you to our graduate programs. In this catalog you will find information about courses, certificates, and degrees specifically designed for individuals such as yourself pursuing a path of higher learning for reasons of professional development and personal enrichment.

The Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences is the core institution of the Johns Hopkins University complex of schools, centers, and institutes. A century and a quarter after the university was established, the Krieger School still follows the guiding principles of Hopkins’ visionary first president, Daniel Coit Gilman. Our adherence to founding ideals does not reflect cautiousness or entrenchment. Rather, Gilman’s educational precepts guide the Krieger School to the forefront of knowledge development. Today, the school’s approximately 260 faculty members spend time on research as well as teaching. As a result, inquiry and the development of new understandings drive learning and instruction at the school.

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In a similar fashion, the Advanced Academic Programs are focused on providing the core academic ideals of excellence in instruction and service. Our students are adults like you inter-ested in pursuing educational advancement at the graduate level while enjoying the flexibility of maintaining professional and personal objectives. Within the offerings of AAP, you will be able to choose from one of our seven different discipline areas, while exploring theories and practical applications that provide personal enrichment and transfer directly into the workplace. You will learn from experts who can bring real life into the classroom.

The continued growth and success of our programs is a tribute to our outstanding core of research faculty and practitioners from Johns Hopkins University and from area private and government organizations. These individuals bring a balance of theory and practical experi-ence, along with innovative educational tech-niques, to the classroom and encourage dialogue and interaction among our students.

Whether you choose a face-to-face classroom experience at one of our three teaching locations in Washington, DC, Baltimore, or Rockville, Maryland, or you opt to participate in one of our many online courses, you will experience our commitment to offering the highest level of educational excellence. I encourage you to review the contents of this catalog carefully and to please contact us for further information. Welcome to the Advanced Academic Programs.

Sarah B. SteinbergAssociate Dean, Advanced Academic Programs

Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and SciencesAdvanced Academic Programs Catalog

Academic Year 2006–2007

Homewood CampusSuite G1 / Wyman Park Bldg.3400 N. Charles StreetBaltimore, MD 21218-2685410-516-6749

Montgomery County Campus9601 Medical Center DriveRockville, MD 20850301-294-7239

The Washington Center / Administrative Office

1717 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., Suite 104Washington, DC 20036202-452-1280

The HEAT Center1201 Technology DriveAberdeen, MD 21001410-638-2500

Onlinehttp://webct.jhu.eduhttp://advanced.jhu.edu/[email protected]

JOHNS HOPKINSU N I V E R S I T Y

JOHNS HOPKINSU N I V E R S I T Y

The Johns Hopkins University (276-280) is published four times a year by The Johns Hopkins University, Office of Design and Publications, 901 S. Bond Street, Suite 540, Baltimore, Maryland 21231. Issued in January, August, and twice in April. Periodicals postage paid at Baltimore, Maryland, and additional mailing offices. New Series 2006, No. 2, Vol. 126, April 2006. Postmaster: Send address changes to The Johns Hopkins University, Advanced Academic Programs, 1717 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Suite 104, Washington DC 20036.

Academic and Registration Calendar 2006–2007 Summer 2006 Fall 2006 Spring 2007

ROlling AdMiSSiOn Applications are accepted year-round for all programs. Once an applicant’s admissions folder is complete, and all required documentation is received, a response is usually mailed within two to four weeks.

ACAdEMiC AdViSing WEEK April 3-7 June 26-30 November 13-17

Advising for current students, and prospective students, is available year-round. However, this year a new feature has been added to the calendar shortly after the registration period opens. Academic Advising Week allows students a focused opportunity to receive advising assistance prior to applying or registering. The list of program advisors is available on the website, and appointments are made during this week on an individual basis.

REgiSTRATiOnRegistration Begins March 27 June 12 November 6, 2006

Methods to register1. Web: advanced.jhu.edu/registration2. Mail: Advanced Academic Programs in Washington, DC3. Hand-deliver: DC, Baltimore or Montgomery County 4. Fax: 202-452-1970

Registration Ends May 17 August 24 December 22 (Intensive) January 9, 2007 (14-week)

Late Registration Period May 18-23 August 25-31 January 10-13, 2007 (online)($150 late fee) January 10-18, 2007 (14-week)

Final Day to Drop/ Audit* When 70% or less of When 70% or less of When 70% or less of scheduled class time has scheduled class time has scheduled class time has elapsed* elapsed for 14-week courses, elapsed for 14-week courses, before the 10th class* before the 10th class*

OnlinE COURSESStudents taking their first online course in any program must complete the orientation course.

Orientation for Online Courses May 23-29 August 29–September 5 January 12-19, 2007

SEMESTER/TERM dATESWashington DC Center Start Date May 30 September 6 January 2 , 2007 (Intensive)Homewood Campus January 22, 2007 (14 week)Montgomery CampusOnline Courses End Date August 22 December 16 January 20, 2007 (Intensive) April 28, 2007 (14 Week)

HOlidAYS July 4 November 22-26 January 15, 2007**

COMMEnCEMEnT dAY Friday May 18, 2007

Homewood Field Homewood Campus

Students must submit an Application for Graduation no later than February 1, 2007, to participate in the May 2007 Commencement.To download the application, visit http://advanced.jhu.edu/registration/gradapp.cfm

* See Refund Schedule at http://advanced.jhu.edu/registration/step3.cfm#schedule** Please note: Due to an earlier commencement date, the spring 2007 semester will not have a spring break week. Classes

canceled due to inclement weather, or other reasons, may be rescheduled on Fridays or Saturdays during the spring semester.

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Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences Advanced Academic Programs Administrative Office The Johns Hopkins University 1717 Massachusetts Avenue, Suite 104 Washington, DC [email protected]

The Washington Center Enrollment Services:Admissions and Registration – Suite 101 202-452-1940Admissions and Registration Fax Number 202-452-1970Director, Enrollment Data Analysis – Suite 101 202-452-1972

Administrative Office Front Desk – Suite 104 202-452-1280Administrative Office Fax Number 202-452-8713Educational Support Services 202-452-0749Manager, Educational Support Services – Suite 104 202-452-0983Senior Director, Programs and Services 202-452-0780

Library Resource Center – Suite 100 202-452-0714Library Fax 202-530-9857

Book Store – Reiter’s Books 301-294-7200Reiter’s Books Web www.jhutextbooks.com

Homewood CampusSuite G1/Wyman Park Building3400 N. Charles StreetBaltimore, MD 21218-2685

Admissions/Registration Washington DC (direct line from Baltimore) 410-516-0316

Administrative Front Desk 410-516-6749Educational Support Services 410-516-4578Fax Number 410-516-6017

Book Center (Gilman Hall, Homewood) 410-516-8317Book Center Web http://johns-hopkins.bkstore.comFinancial Aid (146 Garland Hall) 410-516-8028Milton S. Eisenhower Library (Circulation) 410-516-8370Registrar (grade reports, 75 Garland Hall) 410-516-8083Student Accounts (4 Shriver Hall) 410-516-8158Transcripts (75 Garland Hall) 410-516-7088University Telephone Information (Homewood) 410-516-8000

Montgomery County Campus9601 Medical Center DriveRockville, Maryland 20850-3332

Administrative Front Desk 301-294-7239Educational Support Services 301-294-7162Fax Number 301-315-2886Senior Director, Programs and Services 301-294-7163Campus Lobby Reception Desk 301-294-7000Library 301-294-7030Bookstore – Reiter’s Books, Building III 301-294-7150Reiter’s Books Web www.jhutextbooks.com

The university of necessity reserves the freedom to change without notice any programs, requirements, or regulations published in this catalog. This catalog is not to be regarded as a contract. Multiple means of communication may be used by the university for announcing changes of this nature including, but not exclusive to, email and/or paper notice. Students are responsible for providing current email and mailing address information to the university administrative offices.

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Contact information

Course Schedule advanced.jhu.edu

Weather/Cancellation information 410-516-7781 or 800-548-9004

Arts and Sciences AdministrationZanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

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Adam FalkJames Barclay Knapp Dean

Sarah B. SteinbergAssociate Dean, Advanced Academic Programs

Matthew A. CrensonProfessor of Political ScienceChair, Academic Program Chairs

Catherine A. RossiSenior Director, Programs and Services

Daniel SwigerDirector, Enrollment Data Analysis

Denise O’SullivanManager, Educational Support Services

Applied Economics

Joseph E. Harrington Jr.Program Chair

Noel D. UriAssociate Program Chair

Advanced Biotechnology Studies

Victor G. CorcesProgram Chair

Patrick J. CummingsSenior Associate Program Chair

Lynn Johnson LangerSenior Associate Program Chair

Kristina ObomAssociate Program Chair

Robert LessickInstructor

Michael LuceInstructor and Montgomery County Campus Laboratory Manager

Communication in Contemporary Society

Robert H. KargonProgram Chair

Erika FalkAssociate Program Chair

Environmental Sciences and Policy

John BolandProgram Chair

Eileen McGurtyAssociate Program Chair

Government

Benjamin GinsbergProgram Chair

Kathy Wagner HillAssociate Program Chair

Homeland Security: Domestic, international and Scientific Dimensions

Steven DavidProgram Chair

Thomas Mahnken Visiting Fellow/Program Coordinator

Liberal Arts

P. Kyle McCarterProgram Chair

D. Melissa HilbishAssociate Program Chair

Writing

John T. IrwinProgram Chair

David B. EverettAssociate Program Chair

Table of ContentsAcademic and Registration Calendar.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Contact Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Arts and Sciences Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3The Krieger School of Arts and Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Graduate Degrees, Concentrations and Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Applications and Admissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Admission Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 General Credentials and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Review, Decision Process and Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 International Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Student Visas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Rolling Admissions—Applications, Acceptance, and Matriculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Acceptance of Admissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Change of Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Admission to Other Divisions or Programs of the University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Student Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Degree Candidate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Provisional Student . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Special Student . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Conditional Student . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Change of Student Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Leave of Absence, Inactive, Dismissed, and Not Admitted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Registration Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Academic Advising Week . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Late Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Adding/Dropping/Changing to Audit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Admission Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Course Enrollment Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Completion of Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Course Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Accelerated Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Waived Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Auditing a Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Tuition Payment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Registering for Courses in Other Programs/Divisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Interdivisional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Interprogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Graduation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Application for Graduation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Completion of Degree Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Academic Regulations for Online Courses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Registration for Online Courses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Required Orientation Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Online Library Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Class Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Textbooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Residency Requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Grading System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Probation and Dismissal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

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Incompletes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Withdrawals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Transcript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Transfer Credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Academic Standing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Academic Integrity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Grade Disputes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Time Limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Academic Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Advisors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Semester/Term Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Course Numbering System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Course Credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Course Cancellations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Midterm Status Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Grade Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Transcripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Second Master’s Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Tuition and Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Application Fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Tuition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Course Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Fee for Removal of an Incomplete Grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Continuation of Enrollment Fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Graduation Fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Refund Policy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Refund Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Facilities and Student Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Homewood Campus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Library Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Online Access to Library Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Book Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Hopkins Student Union . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Evening Food Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Security Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Montgomery County Campus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Library Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Bookstore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Food and Refreshments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Security Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 The Washington Center /Administrative Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Library Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Bookstore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Food and Refreshments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Security Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Online Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Course Management System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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Registration Requirements for Online Courses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Web-Supported Course Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Library Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Administrative and Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Additional Student Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Career Exploration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Procedures for Students with Disabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Inclement Weather Announcements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Financial Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Alternative Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Financial Aid Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Federal Direct Student Loan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Federal Perkins Loan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Title IV Refunds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Veterans Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Initial Enrollment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Transfers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Re-enrollment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Standards of Progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Policy Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Notice of Nondiscriminatory Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Policy on the Reserve Officer Training Corps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 JHU Admissions Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Policy on Possession of Firearms on University Premises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Statement Regarding the Privacy Rights of Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Americans with Disabilities Act Policy (ADA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Sexual Harassment Prevention and Resolution Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 University Alcohol and Drug Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Photography and Film Rights Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Master of Arts in Applied Economics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Advanced Biotechnology Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Master of Science in Biotechnology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Master of Science in Bioinformatics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Master of Science in Biotechnology–Master of Business Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Master of Science in Bioscience Regulatory Affairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Master of Arts in Communication in Contemporary Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60MA Communication/MBA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Master of Science in Environmental Sciences and Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Master of Arts in Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82MA Government/MBA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Certificate in Homeland Security: International, Domestic and Scientific Dimensions. . . . . . . . . 93Master of Liberal Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95Master of Arts in Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102Other KSAS Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112JHU Summer Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Trustees and Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114Principal Administration Officers and Deans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115Faculty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116Directions and Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Homewood Campus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Montgomery County Campus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 The Washington Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 The Heat Center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

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The Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and SciencesThe Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences is at the heart of a small but unusually diverse coeducational university. Privately endowed, The Johns Hopkins University was founded in 1876 as the first true American university on the European model: a graduate institution with an associated preparatory college, a place where knowledge would be created and assembled, as well as taught. Today, the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences is the core institution of the Johns Hopkins complex of schools, centers, and institutes. Its home is the park-like Johns Hopkins Homewood Campus in the residential Charles Village section of northern Baltimore City.

Advanced Academic ProgramsThe School of Arts and Sciences recognizes the intellectual strength and education requirements of working adults. Through the Advanced Academic Programs, it offers a Hopkins education to those wishing to attend graduate school. Courses leading to master’s degrees are held in the evening and on weekends at the Homewood campus in Baltimore, the Montgomery County Campus in Rockville, the Washington Center, the HEAT Center in Aberdeen, MD, and online.

Drawing upon over a century of research and teaching expertise, the programs offer advanced instruction in scientific fields of current interest and innovative gradu-

ate study in the humanities and social sci-ences. While based on the latest scientific and scholarly knowledge, course work emphasizes the application of such knowl-edge to practical problems. Classes are designed to provide individual attention and to encourage student contribution.

divisions of The Johns Hopkins University• Applied Physics Laboratory (a non-

degree-granting research institute in Laurel, MD)

• Bloomberg School of Public Health• Nitze School of Advanced

International Studies• Peabody Institute• School of Medicine• School of Nursing• School of Professional Studies

in Business and Education• Whiting School of Engineering• Zanvyl Krieger School of

Arts and Sciences

The Johns Hopkins University is privately endowed and accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education, 3624 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-2680; 215-662-5606. Since the university’s first president, Daniel Coit Gilman, assembled Hopkins’ first faculty in 1876, education in the arts and sciences at Hopkins has been car-ried out in a research environment, with international distinction, under the supervision of active researchers. The belief in the inseparability of education and research still guides the academic programs of today’s School of Arts and Sciences. Distinguished scholars and scientists share and exchange ideas and knowledge with undergraduates and graduates, encouraging creative thinking and independent research. Residential students take courses from Anthropology to Writing Seminars, offered by 24 degree-granting departments that confer the Bachelor of Arts, the Master of Arts, the Master of Sciences, and the Doctor of Philosophy. Information regard-ing full-time education can be found in the Arts and Sciences/Engineering Undergraduate and Graduate Programs catalog. Admission information for these programs is available from the Office of Admissions, 140 Garland Hall, Homewood campus, or 410-516-8171.

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graduate degrees, Concentrations, and Certificates The following graduate degrees, concentrations, and certifi-cates are offered by the Advanced Academic Programs of the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences:

• MA in Applied Economics

• MS in Biotechnology

Optional Concentrations:

– biodefense

– bioinformatics

– biotechnology enterprise

– molecular targets and drug discovery technologies

– regulatory affairs

Certificate in Biotechnology Enterprise

• MS in Bioinformatics offered jointly with the Whiting School of Engineering

• MS in Bioscience Regulatory Affairs

• MS/MBA in Biotechnology, a joint degree program with the School of Professional Studies in Business and Education

• MA in Communication in Contemporary Society


– health communication

– digital technologies

– political communication

– public and media relations

• MA Communication/MBA, a joint degree program with the School of Professional Studies in Business and Education

• MS in Environmental Sciences and Policy


– ecological management

– environmental management

– environmental monitoring and analysis

– environmental planning

• MA in Government


– homeland security

– political communication

– law and justice

• MA Government/MBA, a joint degree program with the School of Professional Studies in Business and Education

• Certificate in Homeland Security: International, Domestic and Scientific Dimensions

• Master of Liberal Arts

Certificate of Advanced Graduate Study in Liberal Arts (CAGSLA)

• MA in Writing

Concentrations:

– fiction

– nonfiction

– poetry

– science-medical writing

Students who wish to take only a few specific courses may apply as special students. See page 10 to learn more about special student status.

Courses in all programs are offered in the summer, fall and spring. The university is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Applications and Admissions Admission RequirementsBelow are the general admissions criteria for all Advanced Academic Programs. Additional requirements specific to each program are listed in that program’s section in this catalog.

General Credentials and Materials • Bachelor’s degree from a regionally accredited U.S. college

or university. Programs require a GPA of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale in the latter half of an applicant’s studies, or a graduate degree in an appropriate field. As detailed in the Student Status section which follows, an applicant with less than the required GPA may be admitted as a provisional stu-dent, on a case-by-case basis. Applicants who received their bachelor’s degree in a country other than the U.S. are required to provide credential evaluations and TOEFL scores. (See page 9.)

• Official transcripts of all college studies. A transcript is official if it is sent directly to the Advanced Academic Programs Admissions Office from the institution the student attended. If a student delivers the transcript in a sealed institutional envelope, the transcript must be dated within the last three months.

• Formal application form Applications can be found by selecting your program at

advanced.jhu.edu/admissions

• Nonrefundable application fee: $70 or $75 depending on the program

• Additional materials required by the chosen program as listed in that program’s section

Review, Decision Process, and Timing The Admissions Committee for the chosen program assesses the application and its supporting documents. All materials must be received prior to the Admissions Committee review. Academic background; personal, professional, and field-related experience and achievements; and any program-specific cri-teria are all considered in this review. Applicants receive an admissions decision by mail, usually within 2-4 weeks of the time their application is complete. All effort is made to render a decision and notify the applicant in time for the upcoming

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semester/term. The Admissions Committees reserve the right to require that more than the minimum standards be met for admission to any academic program.

international Students Students who earned their post-secondary degree(s) in a country other than the United States are required to have a “course-by-course” credential evaluation performed by an out-side evaluation service. A number of organizations render this service. While most of these provide acceptable evaluations, World Education Services (WES) is recommended. WES assists students with initiating the evaluation process and can be reached at www.wes.org or 800-937-3895. Students may also call the WES office in Washington, DC, at 202-331-2925 where a local representative can assist them. Please allow four to six weeks for an official credential assessment to be completed and forwarded to the Advanced Academic Programs Admissions Office in Washington, DC.

International students whose native language is not English must take the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). Submit results directly to the Advanced Academic Programs Admissions Office. Photocopies will not be accepted. AAP requires a minimum score of 600 on the paper test and 250 on the computer-based test. For information, contact the nearest American embassy; write to TOEFL, Toefl Services, PO Box 6151, Princeton, NJ 08541 or visit their web site at www.toefl.org.

Student VisasStudents who have been admitted as degree candidates, and who take at least three courses per semester, may request cer-tification for an F1 visa. Students for whom this may be a possibility should indicate yes on their admissions appli-cation at the appropriate checkbox regarding initiating the visa process. The Enrollment Office of the Advanced Academic Programs will assist in the certification process ([email protected]) which the student must complete with the Office of International Student and Scholar Services. The International Student Office is available to answer ques-tions at 410-516-1013 or [email protected].

Rolling Admissions—Applications, Acceptance, and MatriculationTo provide as much flexibility as possible, students may apply throughout the year and begin study during any of the three semesters/terms. When an application is received, all effort is made to render a decision and notify an applicant in time for the upcoming semester/term. While applications are accepted year-round for all programs, Writing Program applicants are strongly urged to apply two to four months before the begin-ning of the desired semester/term.

Application on file: An application is held on file for one year from the date of its initial receipt. Applicants who fail to submit required supporting materials within this period, and wish to be considered for admission, must submit another application and fee and all required supporting documents.

Admitted students: Admitted students may defer the start of their studies for up to one year from the date of their admis-sions letter. Enrollment after the one-year grace period is pos-sible only if a student submits another application and fee. A student who reapplies must satisfy admission and program requirements in force at the time of reapplication.

Acceptance of AdmissionsStudents indicate acceptance of the offer of admission by enrolling in appropriate courses. Failure to enroll within one year of the date of admission is interpreted as a change of plans on the student’s part and necessitates reapplication if later enrollment is desired. Starting from the first course counted toward fulfillment of the master’s degree program, the student has five years to complete all course work. (See page 15, Time Limitation.)

Change of Program Students who wish to change to another degree program within the Advanced Academic Programs must submit a request in writing to the Admissions Office in Washington, DC ([email protected]). Current students do not have to forward a new application, fee, or transcripts. Documents required by the new program, but not submitted previously, need to be added. Students are not automatically admitted to a new program; their request is reviewed by the appropriate Admissions Committee according to the stipulations of the new program.

Admission to Other Divisions or Programs of the UniversityAn admitted student in the Advanced Academic Programs who wishes to transfer to another school in the university or to a full-time program in the School of Arts and Sciences must apply to the appropriate school or the Office of Admissions for Arts & Sciences full-time programs. Admission to the Advanced Academic Programs establishes no claim or priority for admission to other divisions or programs of the university.

Student Status Degree Candidate Qualified applicants are admitted as degree candidates and structure coursework toward a specific master’s degree based on the program requirements with guidance from the advisor. To be admitted as a master’s degree candidate, an applicant must be in the last semester of undergraduate study or hold a bache-lor’s degree from a regionally accredited college or university.

An applicant is admitted as a degree candidate to a specific degree program after the Admissions Committee for that program reviews the completed application and determines eligibility. A degree candidate may also be a student who was initially admitted as a provisional student and fulfilled the criteria for change of status to degree candidate.

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Provisional StudentProvisional students are admitted to this status because, in the view of the Admissions Committee, they do not fulfill aca-demic requirements for admission as a degree candidate at the time of the application. Provisional students may be required to take specific prerequisite courses, and/or take a specific number of courses and complete them successfully in order to establish their eligibility to be admitted as a degree candidate.

During the time of this provisional status, students are held to grading criteria stricter than those required of degree candi-dates. (see page 14, Grading System, Requirements.) Specifics of a provisional admission are outlined in a formal admissions letter mailed to the student. All listed criteria must be met for a student to continue to enroll in courses.

The Writing Program may require the submission of certain new application materials for provisional students seeking degree candidacy. Upon receipt of additional materials and committee review, a follow-up formal admissions letter will be mailed to the student.

Special Student• A special student is one eligible for admission as a degree

candidate to the chosen program but is not interested in pursuing the degree.

• A special student may take courses for personal or career goals or for transfer to another university.

Special students are permitted to enroll in any courses for which they satisfy the stated prerequisites. Official transcripts are required.

To be able to register for any Advanced Academic Programs course, a student must have applied and been accepted to the Advanced Academic Programs. Admission as a special student fulfills this requirement. As long as special students do not interrupt their studies for more than one year, they can con-tinue taking courses indefinitely. If more than one year lapses between registrations, special students are required to reapply (see this page, Leave of Absence, Inactive, Dismissed, and Not Admitted).

Special students are welcome to apply to be accepted as a degree candidate at any time during their studies. The Admissions Committee for their program will determine if any courses completed so far can count toward the degree; pro-gram requirements and time limitations in effect at the time of this application will guide the admission decision.

Special students taking Advanced Academic Programs courses under the auspices and with the advice of their home school must submit a letter to this effect from their home school before enrollment. Students in this group may only take courses as specified by their home school.

Conditional Student• A conditional student is an undergraduate student in the

last semester of undergraduate studies. This applicant can

be admitted with the condition that they successfully com-plete their undergraduate studies.

• A conditional student is an applicant to the Applied Economics program who has, at a minimum, an unofficial undergraduate transcript presented during an appointment with the program advisor. The applicant may be allowed to take one course while completing the required admissions documents and awaiting an admisission decision.

Change of Student StatusOnce provisional students have met the criteria outlined in their admissions letter, the student must formally request a change in status. Complete a Request to Change Student Status Form available at advanced.jhu.edu by selecting Current Students and Forms. The request will be reviewed by the Enrollment Office and the academic program advisor to verify eligibility for degree candidacy. Writing Program students may have to submit additional materials to be reviewed by the Admissions Committee before granting degree candidacy.

Special students are welcome to apply to be accepted as a degree candidate at any time during their studies. Complete a Request to Change Student Status Form available at advanced.jhu.edu by selecting Current Students and Forms. The Admissions Committee for the specific program will determine if any courses completed so far can count toward the degree; program requirements and time limitations in effect at the time of this application will guide the admission decision.

Leave of Absence, inactive, Dismissed, and Not Admitted Leave of Absence: Students who anticipate that they will not enroll in classes for a period of one year or more, but believe that they will resume their studies, must complete a Request for Leave of Absence Form at advanced.jhu.edu by selecting Current Studies and Forms. The appropriate program com-mittee will consider the request and will inform the student in writing of the decision. Students who are granted a leave of absence must resume their studies at the end of the allotted leave time. If granted a leave of absence, students automatically receive an extension for the same period of time. All other crite-ria listed in the Time Limitation (see page 15) remain in place. Leaves of absence are granted for up to two years.

Inactive: Students who do not attend courses for more than one year without obtaining a formal leave of absence from the Advanced Academic Programs lose their active status. The student is considered to have withdrawn from the pro-gram. To resume taking courses in the Advanced Academic Programs, students must reapply by submitting a new appli-cation form, a new application fee, and any new application materials required. Reapplying students are subject to the admissions and program requirements in force at the time of the new application. Acceptance for inactive students is not guaranteed, and courses taken prior to the interruption of studies may not count toward degree requirements.

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Dismissed: Provisional students who do not earn the necessary grades in the courses specified in their formal admissions let-ter are dismissed from their program. Degree candidates must adhere to grade requirements in order to remain in the program.

Not Admitted: Applicants who have been dismissed or sus-pended by any college or university, including The Johns Hopkins University, within the past four years may not be eligible for admission.

Registration Requirementshttp://jhu.edu/registration

Registrations are not processed without full payment at the time of registration. Students who have not completed finan-cial aid forms, or have unpaid bills from a previous semes-ter/term, have a “hold” in the registration process and will not be placed on the roster, until Student Accounts processes payment and removes the “hold.” Several business days are required to accomplish these processes.

Students are asked to be sure they have fulfilled the appropri-ate prerequisites for each course before registering. It is the student’s responsibility to make sure the requirements are met and appropriate grades are in place in order to register and advance through their academic program. Once a registration is received, allow four working days before checking your con-firmation online at www.registration.jhu.edu.

Students registering for their first fully online course, in any program, are required to take the “Are You Ready for Distance Education?” survey at http://jhu.edu/online/onlinesurvey.cfm before they register. An online orientation week precedes the start of each semester/term, and is a requirement for all first-time fully online course participants.

Ways to register:

1. Online: advanced.jhu.edu/registration

2. Mailed to Johns Hopkins University, Advanced Academic Programs Enrollment Office, 1717 Massachusetts Ave., NW Suite 101, Washington, DC 20036

3. Faxed: 202-452-1970

4. Hand-delivered to AAP at any of the three centers

Registrations are formally processed only when payment arrangements are included. Students are asked to be sure that there is no balanced owed on their account before attempting to register.

Each semester/term the course schedule is posted at advanced.jhu.edu/registration. The schedule is available only online. Courses fill early, and the Enrollment Office’s ability to deal with any difficulties (re: grades, forms, finan-cial arrangements, or oversubscribed courses) is greater at the beginning of the registration process, as is the student’s chance of being able to enroll in the desired courses.

Academic Advising WeekAcademic advising is available year-round. However, to help current and prospective students during the registration period to register or apply, a week of focused academic advis-ing has been established. Please refer to the Academic and Registration Calendar for 2006–2007.

Late RegistrationRegistration is open for approximately two months prior to the start of a semester/term offering several ways for students to register. Late registration starts the day after registra-tion ends and requires a $150 fee. Check the Academic and Registration Calendar for late registration deadlines. Students registering late should check the Refund Schedule on page 17.

The Advanced Academic Programs Enrollment Office, located at the Johns Hopkins Bernstein Offit Building, 1717 Massachusetts Ave., NW, Suite 101, Washington, DC 20036-2001, is open Monday through Thursday from 9 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. for students who want to register late. Otherwise, students wishing to register late should fax their registration to 202-452-1970 or call 1-800-337-3330.

Adding/Dropping/Changing to Audit The Add/Drop/Audit Form is for students who have regis-tered for a course during the registration and late registration periods and wish to add a course, drop a course, or change to audit.

Submit the Add/Drop form to staff at the Montgomery County Campus, Homewood Campus, or Enrollment Office in Washington. Students can fax the request to 202-452-1970, or mail (Advanced Academic Programs Registration, Johns Hopkins University, Bernstein Offit Building, 1717 Massachusetts Ave., NW, Suite 101, Washington, DC 20036-2001) or email ([email protected]) with the pertinent information. Deadlines for completing this proce-dure are given in the Academic and Registration Calendar.

Faculty cannot initiate, complete, or process Add/Drop changes. Students who stop attending a course, but for whom no form or appropriate letter or email has been received, will be given an F grade. Requests to drop a registration must be received by email, fax or hand-delivered to be processed for the appropriate refund based on the date they are received by the Advanced Academic Programs Enrollment Office in Washington. (See page 17, Refunds Policy).

Admission StatusOnly students admitted to the Advanced Academic Programs with an active status may enroll in courses (see page 10, Inactive). The exception to this policy is students enrolling from other Hopkins programs as detailed in Interdivisional and Interprogram Registration (see page 13).

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Course Enrollment Limits All AAP courses have enrollment limits. It is not always pos-sible to offer additional sections of oversubscribed courses. Students may ask to be placed on waiting lists if their desired course(s) are filled, or they may indicate alternate course selec-tions.

Completion of PrerequisitesThe prerequisites for each course can be found in the program sections of this catalog. Students may not register for courses they are not qualified to take.

Course Load Students who are working full time are advised that two courses per semester/term is a full academic load. Students who elect to register for more than two courses should be working less than full time to successfully manage three or more courses per semester/term. Students expecting to take three or more courses (except international students seeking a F1 visa who are required to be in a full-time classification) are required to complete a Request to Accelerate Academics Form. Go to advanced.jhu.edu, Current Students, Forms. The completed form will be sent to Enrollment Services and the academic advisor. Note that some programs require per-mission from the academic advisor before enrolling in three or more courses. Students have five years to complete their academic program from the start of their first course toward their academic program, and it is highly recommended that students take the appropriate time to do well in all courses.

Accelerated Students In some programs (Applied Economics, Biotechnology, Communication, and Government), recent Johns Hopkins undergraduates may apply to a special program that allows them to accelerate their time to degree completion.For more information go to http://advanced.jhu.edu/ugrad/accelerated/.

Waived Classes At times, students may wish to request that a core course, or prerequisite course, be waived based on previously com-pleted coursework. All requests must be submitted in writ-ing by complete a Request to Waive Class Form by going to advanced.jhu.edu, Current Students, Forms. The form will be forwarded to the appropriate program committee and Enrollment Services. Supporting documentation such as cop-ies of syllabi and course descriptions will aid the appropriate committee in making a decision in the best interest of the student. All waived core courses or prerequisite courses are replaced by electives so that students take the required num-ber of courses to complete their degree.

Auditing a Course Students may register as auditors. Auditors receive no credit for the course and a grade of “AU” is placed on their official transcript. There is no reduction of fees, or tuition, when

auditing a course. Although regular attendance is expected of auditors, they are exempt from quizzes, examinations, and other assigned work. Students who are enrolled for credit but wish to become auditors effect the necessary change by filling out and forwarding the appropriate form or by notifying the Enrollment Office ([email protected]) in Washington in writing before the deadline listed in the Academic and Registration Calendar. Students who take courses for credit are given enrollment priority over auditors.

Tuition PaymentIn order to process your registration, payment of all tuition and fees is required for each semester/term at the time of registration. Registration forms can be downloaded from advanced.jhu.edu/registration or are available at the Advanced Academic Programs front desk in Montgomery, Washington, and Homewood.

AAP Students may register online indicating payment by check, credit card, employer contract (employer authorization), tuition remission, or financial aid. It is preferable for students registering in joint degree programs to register by fax, or mail, in order to expedite registration in multiple divisions. For more information on web registration, go to advanced.jhu.edu/webreg. In all cases, students are not permitted to register if there is a balance due on their account from a previous semester/term.

Employer Contract—Students whose tuition is paid by employer billing authorization (employer contract) should begin processing requests with their employers well before start of registration. Hand deliver original documents to AAP staff at front desk in Montgomery, Washington or Homewood or mail to AAP Enrollment Services at 1717 Massachusetts Ave. NW., Washington, DC 20036.

Employer Reimbursement—Students who are requesting employer tuition reimbursement must pay for the course at the time of registration with their own funds and request reimbursement from the employer at the appropriate time.

Financial Aid—Students who plan to request financial aid to cover their tuition should submit the appropriate paperwork in time to register. Financial aid is available to students who take two courses per semester. Students may also look at alternative financial aid available for one-course registration http:// www.jhu.edu/finaid/part_time_loans.html or email [email protected].

JHU Tuition Remission—Students receiving tuition remis-sion benefits from Johns Hopkins University should read the contract carefully. Call the Center for Training and Education at 443-997-6890 to address any questions. An approved original tuition remission voucher and the tuition remission application must be delivered to Washington, Montgomery, or Homewood front desk personnel or mailed to Enrollment Services. Please note that students are financially responsible for dropped courses paid for with tuition remission.

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Registering for Courses in Other Programs/Divisions or interprogram

With advisor approval, Advanced Academic Programs (AAP) students may count up to two comparable courses, or their equivalent, toward their master’s degree taken at other Hopkins schools, in other Arts and Sciences programs, or in another program in Advanced Academic Programs (see page 15, Time Limitation).

Other Programs/Divisions—Interdivisional Form

To obtain advisor approval, students must forward to their advisor a written request which includes documentation of course description, number of credits, and any other informa-tion that may be helpful in assessing the course’s applicability to a student’s program. The student’s advisor then determines whether the requested course is appropriate and whether the student is eligible to take it.

The Interdivisional form is then signed by the advisor as approval that the student can count the course from another division toward their degree. The student submits the Interdivisional form and payment for the tuition charged by the host (divisional offering the course) to the AAP Enrollment Office for processing. To ensure that there is time for review and approval from other divisions within Hopkins, the Interdivisional form must be received in the AAP Enrollment Office no later than three weeks before the first day of class. Interdivisional registrations are processed dur-ing late registration to allow Advanced Academic Programs’ students first eligibility into courses. Interdivisional forms are available at the Advanced Academic Programs Enrollment Office, The Johns Hopkins Bernstein Offit Building, 1717 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Suite 101, Washington, DC 20036-2001, or at the AAP front desks at the Homewood and Montgomery County campuses.

Interprogram

AAP students wishing to count a course (outside their pro-gram) toward their degree need to obtain advisor permis-sion, unless the course is cross-listed in the Course Schedule (advanced.jhu.edu/registration), or otherwise listed as part of shared concentrations.

Students in other divisions of Johns Hopkins may take courses in the Advanced Academic Programs if permitted by their home division, with permission of the program advisor and if space is available after registration has closed. Such students must obtain their advisor’s approval on an Interdivisional Registration form available either from their home school reg-istrar or the Advanced Academic Programs Enrollment Office.

graduation Requirements Application for Graduation

Students who anticipate completing their degree requirements at the end of the semester/term for which they are registering must notify the Advanced Academic Programs Enrollment Office by returning the Application for Graduation form,

which can be found at advanced.jhu.edu/registration. This form should be completed when registering for the last course(s) needed to complete the degree; it initiates the graduation review process without which a student cannot be cleared for graduation. The Registrar’s Office will periodically correspond with the student in order to provide important information about administrative details, events, and dead-lines. (Please note under Tuition and Fees, page 16, there is a $100 graduation fee.)

Completion of Degree RequirementsThe Johns Hopkins University confers degrees and awards diplomas once a year to all students who have completed requirements during the preceding spring, fall, or summer semesters/terms. Commencement ceremonies take place once a year in May. Every year, in May, diplomas are awarded to stu-dents and distributed to the students who attend graduation, or mailed to the address given on the Graduation Response Card mailed to each student by the Registrar’s Office. Every year, in June, their official degree/certificate is posted on their transcript.

While waiting for the formal conferring of degrees, summer graduates will receive a letter from the JHU Registrar’s Office verifying completion of degree/certificate requirements in November, and a notice of completion will be added to their transcript at the same time. For fall graduates, in March the verification letter is sent, and a notice of completion added to their transcript. Graduates who end the 14-week semester in spring will have their diplomas in May.

Academic Regulations for Online CoursesRegistration for Online CoursesStudents submitting registration forms for online courses must have fulfilled the following criteria at the time registra-tion is received:

1. For the first online course with Advanced Academic Programs, the “Are You Ready for Distance Education?” survey at http://advanced.jhu.edu/online/onlinesurvey.cfm has been submitted online.

2. All prior financial obligations to the university are met.

3. Payment for the course is included with the registration (if paid for by financial aid, that financial aid has already been cleared with the Financial Aid Office).

4. Registration for online courses can only be processed once all of the above requirements are fulfilled. Online courses often fill quickly. Any delay in submitting a complete reg-istration form for an online class may result in that course being filled and no longer available when the registration is processed.

Required Orientation CourseIf you are a student enrolled in your first fully online-based course with Advanced Academic Programs, you are required

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to take and pass a week-long orientation course. This course is held totally online (see each semester’s Course Schedule for dates). During this orientation, students become familiar with the technical and structural aspects of coursework in this courseware platform, and with the resources provided to online learners.

Returning students are welcome to participate and to review techniques and tools. All students are encouraged to revisit and test for access to online library resources (Unit 2 of the orientation course). Information about where and how to sign on to this course will be included in your welcome email. Students are also welcome to link from advanced.jhu.edu/online.

Online Library AccessAs part of online course offerings, Advanced Academic Programs is committed to providing online library resources to online students. New online students are required to obtain access as part of the orientation process and are sup-ported in this process. Any student seeking online library access is welcome to follow instructions for online library access at www.jhu.edu/online/library.

Class StructureAdvanced Academic Programs online courses are “asynchro-nous” in that students access course materials and discussion at individual times. Students share learning actively through the web-based course site with readings, assignments, group activities, and threaded discussions as guided by their instructor. Course format and structure promote active and interactive learning. To make such learning possible, enroll-ment in each class is limited to 16 students.

TextbooksTextbooks should be purchased and be in hand prior to the first day of your online course. Textbooks are available through Reiter’s books at www.jhutextbooks.com.

Residency RequirementOnline courses in the Advanced Academic Programs are offered as part of some regular degree programs, and, at least two of the 10 courses for a degree must be taken in an on-site classroom. (The only exception to this is the fully online Bioinformatics degree.) All students planning to take online courses should consult with their program advisor to review the details of the on-site requirements for their desired degree. To see which programs are offering courses online in any given term, check the current Course Schedule at advanced.jhu.edu/registration.

grading SystemScaleThe grading scale for students enrolled for credit is A+, A, A-, B+, B, B-, C, and F. An I (Incomplete) grade is assigned by the instructor who has given the student permission to

delay completion of specific coursework for a justifiable rea-son for a specific amount of time. WD (official Withdrawal), and AU (Audit) are requested by the student and cannot be assigned by the instructor. A grade of F indicates the student’s failure to complete or comprehend the coursework. An F grade is not removed from a student’s transcript even if a course is repeated.

RequirementsDegree candidates who receive two grades of C or below will dismissed from their program. If a degree candidate receives a grade of C or below in a core course, the student must repeat that course. Even if the course is repeated, the original C will remain on the student’s transcript, and the student may not receive another grade of C or below.

Special students—those who satisfy all requirements for admission to degree candidacy but who choose not to seek a degree—are held to the same performance standards as degree candidates.

Provisional students cannot continue in a program if they earn a grade of B- or below in any course taken while they are in provisional admissions status.

Probation and DismissalDegree candidates who receive a grade of C or below are put on academic probation. If a degree candidate receives a grade of C or below for a core course, the core course must be repeated.

When a course is repeated, both the original grade and repeated grade appear on the transcript. The degree candidate receives credit only once for the course; however, the original grade of C puts the student on probation.

If a degree candidate receives a C or below in an elective course, the course need not be repeated, and the course can be counted toward degree requirements.

Degree candidates who receive a second C or below, in either a repeated core course or any course taken in the program, will dismissed from the program.

Special students are held to the same performance standards as degree candidates.

Provisional students who receive a grade of B- or below in any course cannot repeat the course and are dismissed from the program.

incompletesA designation of Incomplete (I) is assigned when a student fails to complete a course on time for valid reasons as determined by the instructor. A student requests a status of Incomplete from the instructor, who provides the Resolution of Incomplete form (downloadable form at advanced.jhu.edu/registration) on which the student notes the reasons for requesting the Incomplete and plans for resolving it. Student and instruc-tor sign the form. Instructors attach the completed form to

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the grade roster and send it to the JHU Registrar. The form is included with the final grade roster as well.

An Incomplete is granted at the instructor’s discretion; condi-tions for absolving it are established by the instructor. It is the student’s responsibility to submit all work at the agreed upon time. Students’ work must be completed so that the instruc-tor can forward a final grade to the JHU Registrar within four weeks after the start of the following semester/term.

A $25 change-of-grade fee is required to make the transcript change. Students who expect to complete degree requirements during a given semester/term but earn an Incomplete in that semester/term are not certified for graduation until the end of the semester/term that follows.

WithdrawalsThe WD (Withdrawal) grade signifies an official withdrawal approved by the Advanced Academic Programs Enrollment Office. The student initiates the withdrawal. It cannot be assigned by the instructor (see advanced.jhu.edu/ registration, and then select Refund Policy).

TranscriptThe transcript is part of the student’s permanent record at the university. No grade may be changed except to correct an error or to replace an Incomplete with a grade.

Transfer Credits Graduate courses taken at any institution other than The Johns Hopkins University are not accepted and cannot count toward graduate degree requirements in the Advanced Academic Programs.

Academic Standing The university reserves the right to exclude at any time a stu-dent whose academic standing or general conduct is deemed unsatisfactory.

Academic integrityGraduate students at Hopkins are expected to understand the ethical standards of the university, hold the highest standard of integrity for their work, and avoid academic dishonesty in all forms. Ignorance of ethical rules is no excuse for cheating. It is the further responsibility of every student to report to the instructor or their program’s associate chair any suspected violations of academic ethics by peers. Enforcement of our Code of Conduct is a shared responsibility and should not depend on the university alone. We all celebrate the rigor of a Hopkins education, but that rigor loses its meaning if stu-dents cheat. Students who violate this Code of Conduct face a range of penalties, including failure of a course, permanent university transcript notice of an ethics violation, loss of a degree, or expulsion from the university. Please see the “Code of Conduct” for procedures and responsibilities. This pam-phlet is available at all three Advanced Academic Programs sites and is available online at http://advanced.jhu.edu/students/plagiarism.cfm

At Johns Hopkins University and in the Advanced Academic Programs we have a zero tolerance policy for plagiarism and other violations of our ethics policy. Ethics violations of any kind are taken seriously and may result in dismissal from our program. The best way you can keep yourself from commit-ting an act of plagiarism is to be properly informed. At a min-imum, please remember that any words taken verbatim from a source must be cited and contained within quotation marks. Even if you have paraphrased an idea from a source you must provide the appropriate citations. Ignorance of these principles will not be an acceptable excuse for violation of the policy.

For further information and assistance in determining when and how to properly cite your sources, please link to an excellent resource provided by the Eisenhower Library of Johns Hopkins University: http://www.library.jhu.edu/researchhelp/index.html. An equally useful resource with clear and specific definitions of plagiarism can be found at: http://turnitin.com/research_site/e_home.html.

Grade Disputes If a student does not agree with the grade an instructor assigned in a given course, the student should contact the instructor. If the instructor and the student are unable to reach an agree-ment, the student may present his/her argument to the program committee in writing. The program committee may solicit the instructor’s evaluation in writing or members may ask the instructor and/or the student to appear before them. The com-mittee then determines whether the disputed grade should be changed or retained and informs the student and the instructor of its decision. The committee’s decision is final.

Time LimitationStudents must complete all coursework in a master’s degree program within five years, calculated from the start of the first course that counts toward the degree. This time limit includes any courses taken at another Hopkins division which have been approved to count toward the degree, whether or not such courses were taken during a student’s studies in the Advanced Academic Programs.

If necessary, students may request from their program com-mittee an extension of time to complete their program beyond the five-year limitation. An extension request should be submitted in writing to the AAP Enrollment office in Washington ([email protected]). If an extension is granted, it will be communicated in a letter, and the five-year limit increased by the time included in the extension. All other criteria hold. An extension may be granted for a semes-ter up to a full year, and in rare circumstances for two years.

Academic StructureAdvisorsEach student accepted into a degree program is assigned an academic advisor who is available for consultation regarding the student’s program of study. Advising is available year-round. Additionally, Academic Advising Week, approximately two

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weeks after the start of registration, allows prospective students and current students to get admissions and registration ques-tions addressed before applying or registering. Consultation takes place by phone, email, or appointment. Please see the program sections in this catalog for specific program advisor information. Special and provisional students are referred to an academic advisor upon their request.

Semester/Term Schedule Courses in all programs are offered in the summer term, and the fall and spring semesters. The summer term permits a number of alternate formats; some courses meet intensively for six weeks, others for as many as 12 weeks, and some programs have two summer sessions. The fall and spring semesters both have 14 weeks for regular classes. The spring semester includes a three-week intensive course offering at the start of the semester, and is followed by a 14-week offering. The hours that faculty and students spend in the classroom, or online, are the same regardless of when the course is taught.

Course numbering System Advanced Academic Programs courses are numbered in the following form:

420.601.51

• 420 indicates the program—in this case Environmental Sciences and Policy;

• 601 indicates the course number—in this example Geological Foundations of Environmental Science

• 51 indicates the section number and location where the course is offered—i.e., sections 01–09 are offered at the Homewood campus in Baltimore; sections 51 to 59 are at the Washington Center and satellites (e.g., internatonal locatons); sections 71–79 are at the Montgomery County Campus in Rockville; and sections 81–89 are offered online.

Course Credit In keeping with the practice of other research universities, credit hours are not assigned to graduate-level courses (400-level and above) in the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences. However, if credits are required for transfer purposes, all courses at the 400-level and above carry the equivalent of four credits, and a memorandum to this effect can be included from the JHU Registrar’s Transcript Office when a transcript is requested.

Course Cancellations The university reserves the right to change instructors or can-cel courses with insufficient enrollment or for reasons beyond the control of the university.

Midterm Status Reports At the midpoint of each semester/term, instructors are requested to provide a list of students whose work does not meet the criteria for successful completion of the course. These students are provided with midterm reports so they can take corrective action.

Grade Reports Following the end of each semester/term, the JHU Registrar’s Office mails a grade report to each enrolled student. These reports are mailed each week. If a grade has not yet been received from an instructor at the time grade reports are dis-tributed, an M (for missing) is noted for the course grade. Within a week of receipt of the grade, an additional grade report is mailed to the student. Students can also view their grades online by using the Student Web Services at https://registration.jhu.edu. If a printed grade report has not been received, or if additional copies are needed, students may con-tact the JHU Office of the Registrar, 75 Garland Hall, 410-516-8083 to make arrangements.

TranscriptsAn official transcript will be mailed at the written request of the student. There is no fee for this service. Requests for tran-scripts should be addressed to the Office of the Registrar, 75 Garland Hall, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218; or call 410-516-7088, or visit www.jhu.edu/registrar/ transcript.html.

Second Master’s Degree After receiving a master’s degree from the Advanced Academic Programs, students may continue in a second pro-gram if prerequisites for that program are fulfilled.

To receive a second master’s degree from the Advanced Academic Programs, all course requirements for the second program must be satisfied. The student may count up to three courses taken as part of the first degree toward requirements of the second. However, the relevant program committee must approve the course(s) as appropriate to the plan of study, and the course(s) must satisfy the requirements of the second degree. The course(s) also must fall within the five-year limit for the second degree, i.e., the second degree must be com-pleted within five years counted from the beginning for the first course accepted toward the second degree.

To apply for a second master’s degree, the student must sub-mit a new Advanced Academic Programs application form, an application fee (waived if previous master’s degree was earned within the past year), and any additional admissions materials required by the second degree program.

Tuition and Fees Full course tuition is due at the time of registration. All other fees are payable as noted below.

Application FeeThe application fee is $70 for all programs, with the following exceptions:

• $75 for the Master of Bioinformatics, a program jointly offered with the Whiting School of Engineering, Engineering Programs for Professionals.

• $75 for the MS/MBA in Biotechnology, a joint degree pro-gram with the School of Professional Studies in Business and Education.

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• $75 for the MA Communication/MBA Program, a joint degree program with the School of Professional Studies in Business and Education.

• $75 for the MA Government/MBA Program, a joint degree program with the School of Professional Studies in Business and Education.

The application fee must be submitted with the application and is not refundable under any circumstances. Advanced Academic Programs degree recipients who wish to continue their studies or enter into another degree program in the Advanced Academic Programs, or in some other division of the university, may apply without paying a second application fee. Students who have paid an application fee to, or who have graduated from, any other Johns Hopkins program within the past year do not have to pay the fee when applying to the Advanced Academic Programs.

TuitionTuition in the Advanced Academic Programs for the academic year 2006–2007 is $2,280 per course in all programs except for the Master of Arts in Writing Program, which is $1,960 per course, and the Master of Liberal Arts Program, which is $1,620. Courses in the part-time programs offered by other Johns Hopkins divisions, carry those schools’ published tuition fees. Students in AAP’s jointly offered programs with other divisions pay the tuition fee published for each course. Tuition for courses in the daytime programs of the university is a percentage of full-time tuition.

Course Fees Some courses require, in addition to tuition, field trip, labora-tory, technology, and thesis fees. These fees, specified in the Course Schedule (advanced.jhu.edu/registration) for each semester/term, are payable at the same time as the regular tuition charges and are nonrefundable.

Fee for Removal of an incomplete GradeStudents who receive an Incomplete for a course are required to pay a $25 fee to have the I grade changed to the final grade once that grade has been submitted by the instructor.

This fee must be paid to the Advanced Academic Programs office in Washington before the grade can be posted on the permanent record. No payment is required if the final grade is an F.

Continuation of Enrollment FeeStudents who are in a thesis course and do not finish the the-sis in the semester in which they enrolled for it must pay a continuation-of-enrollment fee of $200 for each subsequent semester/term until a final grade has been submitted. Students submit a registration form with payment to the Enrollment Office. This fee also allows students to continue using uni-versity facilities such as libraries, and the Johns Hopkins Enterprise Directory (JHED).

Graduation Fee The graduation fee is $100 and is payable upon receipt of a bill from the Student Accounts office. Student Accounts sends this bill in October to students who completed degree requirements during the summer term; in March to those who completed requirements in the fall; and in April to spring graduates.

Refund Policy Students may elect to withdraw from one or more course(s) for a variety of reasons. Refunds apply only to the tuition portion of a student’s charges, excluding the field trip, lab, or techni-cal fees, and are calculated from the date the student’s written request for withdrawal is received in the Advanced Academic Programs Enrollment Office, The Johns Hopkins Bernstein Offit Building, 1717 Massachusetts Ave., NW, Suite 101, Washington, DC 20036-2001. Such a request can be made by using the Add/Drop form, letters, faxes, and emails ([email protected]). Telephone withdrawals are not accepted. Instructors or advisors never authorize or process withdrawals, though it is certainly courteous to inform the instructor of the intent to withdraw. Refunds are not granted to students suspended or dismissed for disciplinary reasons.

Students who drop a course before or on the deadline for a 75% refund will not have that course listed on their official transcript. Students who drop a course anytime after the dead-line for a 75% refund (receiving a 50% refund or less) will receive a WD on their official transcript, indicating withdraw-al from a course. The refund schedule for each semester/term is posted on the web at advanced.jhu.edu/egistration.

Refunds are made in accordance with the schedule listed below and are updated on the web for each semester/term (www.jhu.edu/registration). If you withdraw after your registration has been processed, the refund to which you are entitled depends on the date your written request is received by the Advanced Academic Programs Enrollment office. Courses offered at locations other than Homewood, Montgomery, Washington, or online (e.g., London, England) may be subject to a separate refund policy.

Refund Schedule100%Prior to late registration (See Academic and Registration Calendar)(Course will not show on transcript)

90%Starting the first day of late registration (or first day of Online Orientation) and prior to the second class meeting(Course will not show on transcript)

75%Prior to the third class meeting (Course will not show on transcript)

50%Prior to the fourth class meeting (WD will be placed on transcript)

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25%Prior to the sixth class meeting (WD will be placed on transcript)

Note to fully online course students: Refunds are calculated as if classes are taken daily.

Please note: Students who are enrolled at The Johns Hopkins University for the first time and who are receiving federal student aid are subject to a separate refund policy during their first semester of enrollment. For further information, contact the Financial Aid Office, www.jhu.edu/finaid.

Facilities and Student ServicesThe Advanced Academic Programs of the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences are offered on the Homewood campus in Baltimore, the Montgomery County Campus in Rockville, the Washington Center in Washington, DC and online. The educational and student facilities and services pro-vided at each location are described below.

The Johns Hopkins Enterprise Directory (JHED) (http://jhed.jhu.edu) is a centralized online source for address, tele-phone, e-mail, and other contact information for students, faculty, and staff. JHED ID and login is needed to access other student services such as the Registrar Services system to register for classes (www.registration.jhu.edu), check and print confirmation and/or class schedule, access grade report, and view bill. An increasing number of student services will authenticate against this database over time.

Go to JHED to become familiar with the process of first-time login. Follow the instructions and if you need additional assis-tance, Hopkins Information Technology Systems Help desk can be reached at 410-516-HELP.

Homewood CampusLibrary ServicesThe Sheridan Libraries encompass the Milton S. Eisenhower Library and its collections at the Albert D. Hutzler Reading Room in Gilman Hall, the John Work Garrett Library at Evergreen House, and the George Peabody Library at Mt.Vernon Place. Together these collections provide the major research library resources for the university. The Sheridan Libraries also provide a rich array of resources and services for part-time and full-time students. The Milton S. Eisenhower Library is the university’s principal research library and the largest of a network of libraries at Hopkins. A repository of over three million books and 17,000 journal subscrip-tions (over 2,200 online journals), it also employs the latest information technology to offer users immediate and orderly access to an ever-expanding array of resources, from ancient texts to the latest scientific reports. Students are issued a JCard upon registering for their first course. The JCard serves as an ID card and as a library card in the Hopkins libraries. Students who are Hopkins employees at locations other than the Homewood campus use their divisional library or library/

ID card. For more information on current hours of opera-tion, parking, and services, please visit the libraries’ web site: www.library.jhu.edu.

CiRLA (Chesapeake information and Research Library Alliance) Direct Borrower Program for Graduate Students and Institutional Researchers

Participating Libraries: a voluntary, not-for-profit organiza-tion of educational and research institutions in Delaware, the District of Columbia, and Maryland. Faculty and graduate students of CIRLA institutions have reciprocal borrowing privileges.

George Washington University Gelman Library

Georgetown University

Howard University

Johns Hopkins University (except Welch, SAIS, and Friedheim libraries)

Library of Congress

National Agriculture Library (Beltsville)

Smithsonian Institution Libraries (excludes Freer/Sackler, Hirshhorn, NMAA/NPG)

University of Delaware Libraries

University of Maryland, College Park Libraries

To obtain a CIRLA form from MSEL, graduate students must have active borrowing privileges and be in good stand-ing (returned recalled items, minimal fines, no other blocks, etc.) at MSEL to receive a Circulation supervisor’s signature for authorization to participate in the alliance. CIRLA bor-rowing privileges are typically offered through the end of the current semester/term only. Graduate students may complete a CIRLA request form at the Circulation desk in MSEL or the Library Resource Center in Washington, as well as the Montgomery County Campus Library. A JCard must be pre-sented to apply for CIRLA privileges.

Online Access to Library ResourcesJohns Hopkins University provides three systems through which Johns Hopkins students and faculty can access library resources from any Internet-connected location. Full-text data-base and journal resources, as well as electronic reserves, are readily available after a simple “authentication.” For informa-tion on how to access these resources and to find help, please visit http://library.jhu.edu.

ComputersHopkins IT Services (HITS) operates two shared resource computer systems: a Silicon Graphics Challenge-L server run-ning the UNIX operating system (JHUNIX) and an SGI Challenge-L which is optimized for intensive statistical and mathematical applications (APSERV1). In addition, students may use laboratories containing workstations and personal computers with access to the servers. The range of HITS services, equipment, and instruction can be found at www.it.jhu.edu.

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Book CenterLocated in Gilman Hall, the Barnes and Noble Book Center carries supplies, textbooks, and other course-related materi-als. The Book Center is open evening hours during registra-tion periods and in the beginning of a semester/term. Call 410-516-8317 for further information. The exact hours are online each semester/term. Please visit www.johns-hopkins.bkstore.com for textbook information and exact semester hours.

Hopkins Student UnionThe Hopkins Student Union is located in Levering Hall and the Glass Pavilion and offers various programs and activi-ties for students, faculty, staff, and friends of the university. Levering Hall also contains a complete dining facility that serves snacks and sandwiches during the late afternoon and early evening and hot meals during lunchtime.

Evening Food ServiceThree venues are open in the evening for sandwiches and salads. Café Q on the quad level of the Milton Eisenhower Library serves gourmet coffee and teas, and daily packaged sandwiches, salads, and sushi. The Mattin Center, located behind Krieger and Maryland halls near Charles Street, offers a café in its theater wing, serving a broader range of dinner items. The Hopkins Student Union’s Sky Ranch Grill is open Monday through Friday to 8 p.m. The Jazzman’s Café is open Monday through Friday to 6 p.m.

Security ServicesA daily escort van service is available during the evening hours (5 p.m. to 3 a.m.) to pick up and deliver students and faculty to any campus parking lot or other locations within a one-mile radius of the campus until 10 p.m. After 10 p.m., service is limited—between campus and residence only. For additional information regarding the escort van service, go to www.jhu.edu/~security/escortbasics.htm. Walking escorts are available by calling extension 6-8700 from any campus phone or 410-516-8700 from an outside or public telephone.

Push button security/escort phones are located in several buildings throughout campus and when activated will alert security of an emergency, a request for information, or to summon an escort van. There are 63 Emergency Blue Light Telephones on and around the Homewood Campus. A push of a button opens a direct line to a Security Systems Specialist (dispatcher) at the Campus Safety and Security Office while an alarm sounds at the phone.

Security officers patrol the campus and lots 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Allied Barton Security guards augment patrols as well as concentrate efforts by patrolling the San Martin Parking Garage and the path leading to the Stony Run lot Monday-Friday from 3 to 11 p.m.

Student monitors, wearing bright orange vests and carry-ing radios, patrol the upper and lower quads during fall and spring semesters from 5 to 3 p.m. and will provide walking escorts to anyone calling 6-8700.

All are encouraged to report crimes or suspicious activity by calling 410-516-7777. For any other security-related matters call 410-516-4600.

ParkingThe Parking Office is located in Room 7 of Shriver Hall. The regular office hours are Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 1 p.m., and 3 to 5 p.m. During the first four weeks of the semester, the parking office remains open from 1 to 3 p.m. and has extended evening hours until 7 p.m. Monday through Thursday. To park for evening courses, students and faculty can purchase pre-paid parking or pay a nightly flat rate upon arrival. For further information call 410-516-7275.

Montgomery County CampusThis education facility at the Shady Grove Life Sciences Center is the result of a cooperative effort involving Johns Hopkins, the Montgomery County government, and many of the Technology Council firms in the I-270 corridor. Since opening for classes in 1988, the campus has become a major educa-tional resource for Montgomery County and the surround-ing Washington, DC, area. Facilities and services include 40 classrooms, a state-of-the-art teaching wet lab, six computer labs, a library with electronic search capabilities, a 300-seat auditorium, 150-seat presentation room, faculty and student lounges, bookstore, vending areas, and Food for Thought Cafe. The success of the programs offered at the Montgomery County Campus by four Johns Hopkins divisions has resulted in the construction of the Academic and Research Building, opened in January 2000. Additionally, Building III opened in 2004, and is the location for the Advanced Academic Programs, advising, dedicated computer lab, and teaching wet lab.

Library ServicesThe Montgomery County Campus Library maintains a refer-ence and circulating collection of materials for use by campus faculty and students. Subject areas in the collection include the biosciences, environmental sciences, and social sciences. Interlibrary loan service permits students to obtain journals and books not available at the Montgomery County Campus Library. Lexis-Nexis Universe, Horizon WebPac (an online catalog searching tool), and a variety of bibliographic data-bases are accessible through workstations in the library. These services are also available in the open computer lab for stu-dents. To borrow materials, students must present their Johns Hopkins University JCard at the circulation desk. The library is open from noon to 8:45 p.m. Monday through Friday; and 8:45 a.m. to 4:45 p.m. on Saturday year-round.

ComputersComputer facilities at the Montgomery County Campus include workstations and personal computers. In addition, students have access via high-speed data links to UNIX serv-ers at Homewood. Open student computer lab hours are posted at www.jhu.edu/mcc.

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BookstoreTextbooks for courses at the Montgomery County Campus are available from Reiter’s Books before and at the start of each semester/term. Reiter’s at Montgomery is open Monday–Thursday, 10 a.m. to 7:30 p.m., Friday 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. and Saturday, 9 a.m. to 1 p.m., with additional hours at the beginning of the semester. Books can be purchased online at www.jhutextbooks.com. You can reach the bookstore on the campus by calling 301-294-7150.

Food and RefreshmentsFood For Thought Café, located in the Academic and Research Building, serves sandwiches, soups, and fruits in the early eve-ning hours Monday through Thursday. Other buildings have snack vending and refreshment machines. There are student and faculty lounges in all buildings.

Security ServicesThe Montgomery County Campus has a security presence in all buildings and a security car used to patrol parking areas. In case of an emergency, contact the front desk in the Academic and Research Building, 2nd floor of Charles W. Gilchrist Hall(name effective April 21, 2006),or Building III or call 301-294-7000.

ParkingFree parking permits are issued at the front desk of the Charles W. Gilchrist Hall, upon proof of identification. Those who need a valid parking permit may obtain it year-round.

The Washington Center / Administrative OfficesThe Johns Hopkins University Bernstein Offit Building at 1717 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., is the administra-tive office for Advanced Academic Programs. Enrollment Services: Admissions and Registration, Online, Information Technology, and Outreach staff are located at this center just two blocks south of DuPont Circle accessible by Metro. The center includes a Library Resource Center, faculty and student lounges, a large administrative/program management suite for faculty and staff, 16 classrooms or seminar rooms, two com-puter labs, and a large presentation room. The Washington Center provides an excellent learning environment for Advanced Academic Programs, and many Arts and Sciences Washington-based initiatives. Guests, faculty, staff, and stu-dents must sign in at the security guard’s desk in the lobby, or show university ID.

Library ServicesStudents in Washington are welcome to do research in the Library Resource Center at 1717 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. The center’s staff facilitates interlibrary loan, reserve services, and a collection of program-specific reference materials, books, and videos. Students and faculty present the JCard for identifi-cation and borrowing privileges. The Library Resource Center has 10 workstations in the Electronic Research Room connect-ing to Eisenhower Library’s Horizon WebPac, the Hopkins

online catalog search tool, and a vast array of electronic data-bases, journals, and periodicals. Additionally, students may access electronic resources from non-Hopkins computers. (See Online Access to Library Resources, page 18).

ComputersEach of two computer labs has 24 workstations. Online ser-vices connecting students to the Web, university-wide elec-tronic services, and various software applications are installed locally as needed for specific courses to provide the necessary technological support. One lab is open for Arts and Sciences students noon to 10 p.m, Monday through Thursday. Friday and Saturday hours vary each semester and are posted at the center.

BookstoreTextbooks for courses at the Washington Center are available from Reiter’s Books. Books can be ordered from Reiter’s Books by calling 301-294-7150 or by going online to www.jhu textbooks.com. Reiter’s Books operates a temporary book-store in one of the Hopkins buildings during late afternoon and early evening hours before and in the beginning of each semester/term. The location and specific hours of this temporary operation are posted at the center’s front desk and on the bookstore website.

Food and RefreshmentsThe student lounge is located on the lower level and has snacks and refreshment machines. The lounge has tables and chairs for those who stop by any of the nearby eating estab-lishments and wish to bring food to the center.

Security Services At the Washington Center all students, faculty, and visitors are required to sign in with picture ID at the lobby desk or display a JCard or other university ID to the security guard. There is a phone on the fourth floor that connects directly to the lobby security guard in case of an emergency. Additionally, shuttle bus service is provided from 7:15 to 11:15 p.m. from SAIS’ Nitze Building at 1740 Massachusetts Avenue to the DuPont Circle Metro Station and any other destination within a one-mile radius. The shuttle bus is available in the fall and spring semesters every weekday but Friday. It does not operate during the summer term.

ParkingA reduced-fee parking arrangement has been in place with Central Parking on N Street between 17th and 18th streets. Students, faculty, and visitors may take advantage of the reduced fee from 5 to 10:30 p.m. Monday through Friday. Parking tickets must be stamped at the front desk in suite 104. Johns Hopkins University does not control the accessibility of this service.

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Online learningAdvanced Academic Programs maintains a commitment to intensive, interactive, and rigorous academic online courses. Frequent and regular participation is expected of all stu-dents, and the demands placed on online students are great. However, the bulk of coursework is done on a student’s own schedule through the week, making these courses ideal for serious students who need flexibility in location and timing.

Course Management SystemAll fully online courses and web-supported course sites are hosted on a Johns Hopkins University server. Students login to the course management system with their JHED (Johns Hopkins Enterprise Directory) login ID and password. This is the same ID and password used for the online library (see Library Services), free Hopkins email, and JShare (online file storage system). For information on JHED login, course site addresses, help, and many of the Hopkins digital resources, students can visit http://.jhu.edu/students/.

One benefit of a course management system is an internal email service. Students first receive their initial welcome email login and course information at the email address given on their registration forms. After a fully online course begins, faculty and students can use the internal mail system for email communications. Students registering for online courses should assure that Advanced Academic Programs has their current email address for their initial welcome email.

Registration Requirements for Online CoursesTo best deliver online learning, Advanced Academic Programs requires two registration steps in addition to those required for on-site courses. Students taking their first online course with the Advanced Academic Programs must:

1. Complete the “Are You Ready for Distance Education?” survey at http://advanced.jhu.edu/online/onlinesurvey.cfm.

2. Pass a one-week graded online orientation course prior to the opening of that course.

Online courses in the Advanced Academic Programs are offered as part of the regular degree programs, and at least two of the 10 courses for a degree must be taken in an on-site classroom with the exception of the fully online MS Bioinformatics. Please see Academic Regulations for Online Courses for specific requirements on page 13.

Web-supported Course SitesStudents in on-site courses may also be provided online course sites by course faculty. These sites are also hosted on the Hopkins server. Students use their JHED ID and login to access these courses. Students can visit http://.jhu.edu/ students/ for additional information.

Library ServicesTo best support the quality of online learning, the Advanced Academic Programs has assured access to a vast array of electronic library resources for its faculty and students.

Instructions on the methods and login criteria can be found at http://.jhu.edu/students/libraries.cfm.

Administrative and Technical SupportThe Advanced Academic Programs provides 24/7 help-desk and in-office support to Fully Online students. Directions on how to receive this assistance can be found at advanced.jhu .edu/online/help.

Additional Student ServicesCareer Explorationwww.advancedcareersjhu.aristotlecentral.com

Students seeking career guidance should contact Dr. Catherine Rossi, Senior Director, Programs and Services, at 202-452-0780. Students, alumni, and faculty are encouraged to join the AAP Virtual Career Network, www.advancedcareersjhu .aristotlecentral.com. This site has technical information about the job search process, and an opportunity to join the networking community. Members are encouraged to post job openings and share career information.

Procedures for Students with DisabilitiesThe Johns Hopkins University is committed to providing reasonable and appropriate accommodations to students with disabilities. For persons with disabilities it is important to provide to the university a comprehensive evaluation of a specific disability from an appropriate qualified diagnostician that identifies the type of disability, describes the current level of functioning in an academic setting, and lists recommended accommodations. All documentation will be reviewed, and reasonable accommodations will be provided based on the student’s needs. Depending on the accommodation, there may be a time delay before accommodations can be implemented. Students should contact the manager, Educational Support Services, at [email protected] or 202-452-0983 in the School of Arts and Sciences Advanced Academic Programs four weeks prior to the beginning of each semester or event to ensure that services will be available. Students should submit a request for accommodation form in addition to the appropriate documentation. Further information and a request for accommodation form can be found at http://advanced.jhu.edu/students/instructions_accommodations.cfm. Additional information is located at www.jhuaa.org/dss/index.html.

Regarding university-wide disability concerns, contact Peggy Hayeslip, associate director of disability services, 410-516-8075 or [email protected].

inclement Weather AnnouncementsWhen the university closes due to bad weather, driving condi-tions, or other unforeseen circumstances, announcements are posted on the Emergency and Weather Hotline, at 410-516-7781 in Baltimore. For localities outside Baltimore calling area, call 1-800-548-9004. The information is also made available on the Johns Hopkins University home page: http://www.jhu.edu.

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Financial AidFederal financial aid in the form of student loans is available on a limited basis to Advanced Academic Programs degree candidates who are enrolled in two or more courses per semes-ter/term (or the equivalent of at least six credits, not including audited courses). Applicants must be U.S. citizens or perma-nent residents. Before receiving federal aid, students must establish eligibility by completing the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) and submitting it to the pro-cessor. This form and the required Johns Hopkins Part-time Student Application for Federal Aid form are available from the Office of Student Financial Services, 146 Garland Hall, 410-516-8028, email, [email protected]. These items can be downloaded from the Financial Aid Web page at www.jhu .edu/finaid. Follow the “Online Services” link. A copy of the student’s and (if applicable) the spouse’s signed previous fed-eral income tax return is also required. The FAFSA should be submitted as soon as possible for the upcoming academic year. Students should indicate on the aid form that they will be attending The Johns Hopkins University School of Arts and Sciences by entering code E00473, and they should identify themselves as students in Advanced Academic Programs when they call or write the Office of Student Financial Services. Students must reapply for financial aid each year. In accor-dance with federal regulations, only students who have been accepted into a degree program can be considered for financial aid. Students on academic probation are not eligible to receive financial aid.

Alternative LoansStudents may go to http://www.jhu.edu/finaid/grads_loans.html. For more information please contact Robyn Fisher at 410-516-8028.

Financial Aid Programs

Federal Direct Student LoanHopkins participates in the Federal Direct Student Loan Program. Hopkins processes student loans directly with the federal government, eliminating the need to go through an outside lender and guarantee agency. This simplifies the application process and speeds disbursement of funds to the student’s account. The Subsidized Federal Direct Loan is avail-able to students who demonstrate financial eligibility. The maximum subsidized loan for a graduate student enrolled in a degree program for a minimum of six credits or two courses per semester is $8,500 per academic year. Students who are in “Special Student Status”—whether as special students or as provisional students—may receive Federal Direct Loans for one 12-month period. The loan limits for special students are $5,500 subsidized and $5,000 unsubsidized. The aggre-gate loan limit (undergraduate combined with graduate) is $65,500. The interest rate is based on the 91-day Treasury bill plus 1.7 percent and is reset annually on July 1.The interest rate is capped at 8.25 percent. An origination and guaran-tee fee of 1.5 percent is deducted from the gross amount of

the loan. The federal government pays the interest on the loan as long as the student is enrolled at least halftime, and for a onetime, six-month grace period after leaving school. Flexible repayment options are available under the Federal Direct Loan Program including longer repayment periods as well as income-sensitive payment schedules. Students who do not qualify for the need-based subsidized loan or who need additional funds may borrow from the unsubsidized Federal Direct Student Loan Program. Graduate students may bor-row up to $18,500 per academic year under this program. Graduate students who obtain the maximum subsidized loan of $8,500 have the option to borrow up to $10,000 unsubsi-dized. Interest accrues immediately on the unsubsidized loan, and must either be paid quarterly during the in-school and grace periods or capitalized. All other terms of the loan are the same as for the subsidized program. After eligibility has been determined, the Office of Student Financial Services will pro-vide a master promissory note (if required) for the borrower’s signature. Loan funds will be credited directly to the student’s account no earlier than 10 days prior to the start of the semes-ter or after confirmation that a master promissory note is on file with the Direct Loan Servicer.

Federal Perkins LoanThe Federal Perkins Loan Program is available to students who demonstrate substantial eligibility. The Federal Perkins Loan Program is administered by Hopkins and funds are limited. No separate application is required. The maximum annual loan amount is $6,000 (usually the award does not exceed $3,000), with a cumulative total amount not to exceed $40,000 includ-ing undergraduate borrowing amounts. The current interest rate for the Federal Perkins Loan is 5 percent. Interest does not accrue until the loan goes into repayment. Repayment begins nine months after completion of studies or when the student drops below half-time status. Deferment, cancellation, and repayment information is sent to all borrowers.

Title IV RefundsThe Higher Education Act stipulates that first-time enrolled students receiving federal student aid who withdraw from school shall obtain a prorated refund, which must first be applied to all federal student loans and grants. The refund extends to all university charges if the student withdraws at any point before 60 percent of the first enrollment period has elapsed. Students who meet these criteria should iden-tify themselves when they contact the Advanced Academic Programs Administrative Office about their intention to withdraw. A copy of the federal refund policy applicable to such students will then be provided along with the student’s refund. The prorated refund policy does not apply to students who are employees of the federal government and are attend-ing Advanced Academic Programs graduate classes with fed-eral tuition remission funds.

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Veterans BenefitsJohns Hopkins University is approved by the Maryland Higher Education Commission for the training of veterans and the widows and children of deceased veterans under provisions of the various federal laws pertaining to veterans’ educational benefits. Information about veterans’ benefits and enrollment procedures may be obtained at the Registrar’s Office, Garland Hall, 410-516-7071. Students eligible for veterans’ educational benefits register and pay their university bills in the same manner as other students. Reimbursement is made by the Department of Veterans Affairs on a monthly basis. The amount of reimbursement is determined by the veteran’s course load, number of dependents, and the length of the course(s). For a student in a graduate degree program, the following number of courses taken during one semester repre-sents the time status indicated:• 3 graduate courses full-time

• 2 graduate courses three-quarter-time

• 1 graduate course quarter-time

Note that credits are not assigned to graduate courses in the School of Arts and Sciences. A statement of equivalent credits for the courses taken may be requested from the Registrar’s Office. To obtain reimbursement, a veteran must comply with the following procedures:

Initial EnrollmentThe veteran must first apply and be admitted to one of the schools of the university. He or she then obtains an Application for Program of Education or Training (DVA Form 22-1990) from either the Department of Veterans Affairs or the Registrar’s Office. After completing the applica-tion, the veteran sends it, with a certified copy of appropriate discharge papers, to the following address:

Veterans Desk

Office of the Registrar

75 Garland Hall

The Johns Hopkins University

3400 N. Charles Street

Baltimore, Maryland 21218-2934

Further information is available at www.jhu.edu/registrar/veterans.html.

TransfersWhen transferring from another college or university, the veteran must obtain a Request for Change of Program or Place of Training Form (DVA Form 22-1995) from either the Department of Veterans Affairs or the Registrar’s Office, and submit the completed form to Veterans Desk at the above address.

Re-enrollmentA student who received veterans benefits while attending the university during the preceding semester or summer term, and who plans to re-enroll with no change of objective, only

needs to advise the Registrar when submitting registration materials that he or she wishes to be recertified under the provisions of the original DVA Form 22-1990. Students receiving veterans benefits must pursue a program of courses which leads toward the exact objective (normally a degree or certificate) indicated on the original DVA application. Any change in program or objective requires submission of a Request for Change of Program (DVA Form 22-1995).Veteran students are required to advise the Registrar imme-diately of any change in their program or status which might affect the amount of their monthly payment from the DVA. Failure to do so will cause the Department of Veterans Affairs to seek restitution from the veteran if there was overpayment of benefits.

Standards of ProgressContinuation of DVA payments is dependent upon the vet-eran meeting the academic standards established by the uni-versity for all students-veterans and non-veterans alike. The veteran must also meet any standards of progress that are or may be established by DVA regulation. If the student fails to meet these standards, benefits will be suspended until the DVA completes a review of the student’s progress and deter-mines that the benefits may be resumed.

Policy StatementsNotice of Nondiscriminatory PolicyJohns Hopkins University is committed to recruiting, sup-porting, and fostering a diverse community of outstanding faculty, staff, and students. As such, Johns Hopkins does not discriminate on the basis of gender, marital status, pregnancy, race, color, ethnicity, national origin, age, disability, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, veteran status, or other legally protected characteristic in any student program or activity administered by the university or with regard to admission or employment.

Questions regarding access to programs following Title VI, Title IX and Section 504 should be referred to the Office of Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action Programs, Garland Hall, Suite 130 on the Homewood Campus, 410-516-8075, TTY 410- 516-6225.

Policy on the Reserve Officer Training CorpsPresent Department of Defense policy governing participa-tion in university-based ROTC programs discriminates on the basis of sexual orientation. Such discrimination is inconsistent with the Johns Hopkins University nondiscrimination policy. Because ROTC is a valuable component of the university that provides an opportunity for many students to afford a Hopkins education, to train for a career, and to become posi-tive forces in the military, the university, after careful study, has continued its ROTC program but encourages a change in federal policy that brings it into conformity with the univer-sity’s policy.

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JHU Admissions PolicyJohns Hopkins University admits as regular students only persons who have a high school diploma or its recognized equivalent, or persons who are beyond the age of compulsory school attendance in Maryland.

To be eligible for federal student aid, students who are beyond the age of compulsory attendance but who do not have a high school diploma or its recognized equivalent must meet abil-ity-to-benefit criteria or meet the student eligibility require-ments for a student who is home-schooled.

Policy on Possession of Firearms on University PremisesThe possession, wearing, carrying, transporting, or use of a firearm or pellet weapon is strictly forbidden on university premises. This prohibition also extends to any person who may have acquired a government-issued permit or license. Violation of this regulation will result in disciplinary action and sanctions up to and including expulsion, in the case of students, or termination of employment, in the case of faculty and staff. Disciplinary action for violations of this regula-tion will be the responsibility of the divisional student affairs officer, dean or director, or the vice president for human resources, as may be appropriate, in accordance with applica-ble procedures. Any questions regarding this policy, including the granting of exceptions for law enforcement officers and for persons acting under the supervision of authorized university personnel, should be addressed to the appropriate chief cam-pus security officer.

Statement Regarding the Privacy Rights of StudentsThe Johns Hopkins University complies with the provisions of the Family Educational Rights to Privacy Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-380) as amended (P.L. 93-568) and any regulations which may be promulgated thereunder. Students and others who desire specific information regarding their rights of access to institutional educational records maintained in their names are advised to contact the Registrar’s Office, 75 Garland Hall, Homewood Campus, for a copy of the university’s policy.

Americans With Disabilities Act Policy (ADA)The Johns Hopkins University does not discriminate on the basis of gender, marital status, pregnancy, race, color, ethnic-ity, national origin, age, disability, religion, sexual orienta-tion, veteran status or other legally protected characteristics in any student program or activity administered by the univer-sity or with regard to admission or employment.

A person with a disability is defined by the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and by the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 as an individual who has a physical or mental impair-ment that substantially limits one or more major life activi-ties, has a record of such an impairment, or is regarded as having such an impairment. For faculty, staff, and students with disabilities, it is important to provide to the university

a comprehensive evaluation of a specific disability from an appropriate qualified diagnostician that identifies the disabil-ity, describes the current level of functioning in an academic or employment setting, and lists recommended accommoda-tions. The university provides appropriate, necessary, and rea-sonable accommodations in programs and facilities for those individuals who are qualified.

This policy is available on the JHU Disability Support Services Web site at located at www.jhuaa.org/dss/index.html. Questions regarding compliance with the provisions of the American With Disabilities Act of 1990 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 should be referred to Peggy Hayeslip, associate director for disabilities services, Office of Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action Programs, 130 Garland Hall, 410-516-8949 or (TTY) 410-516-6225.

Sexual Harassment Prevention and Resolution Policy

PreambleThe Johns Hopkins University is committed to providing its staff, faculty, and students the opportunity to pursue excel-lence in their academic and professional endeavors. This can only exist when each member of our community is assured an atmosphere of mutual respect, one in which they are judged solely on criteria related to academic or job performance. The university is committed to providing such an environment, free from all forms of harassment and discrimination. Each member of the community is responsible for fostering mutual respect, for being familiar with this policy, and for refraining from conduct that violates this policy.

Sexual harassment, whether between people of different sexes or the same sex, is defined to include but is not limited to unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other behavior of a sexual nature when:

1. submission to such conduct is made implicitly or explicitly a term or condition of an individual’s employment or participation in an educational program;

2. submission to or rejection of such conduct by an individual is used as the basis for personnel decisions or for academic evaluation or advancement;

3. such conduct has the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering with an individual’s work or academic performance or creates an intimidat-ing, hostile, or offensive working or educational environment.

Fundamental to the university’s purpose is the free and open exchange of ideas. It is not, therefore, the university’s purpose, in promulgating this policy to inhibit free speech or the free communication of ideas by members of the academic com-munity.

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PolicyThe University will not tolerate sexual harassment a form of discrimination, a violation of federal and state law, and a serious violation of university policy. In accordance with its educational mission, the university works to educate its com-munity regarding sexual harassment. The university encour-ages individuals to report incidents of sexual harassment and provides a network of confidential consultants by which individuals can report complaints of sexual harassment. The means by which complaints are resolved can range from infor-mal to formal.

The university encourages reporting of all perceived incidents of sexual harassment, regardless of who the alleged offender may be. Individuals who either believe they have become the victim of sexual harassment or have witnessed sexual harassment should discuss their concerns with any member of the Sexual Harassment Prevention and Resolution system. Complainants are assured that problems of this nature will be treated in a confidential manner, subject to the university’s legal obligation to respond appropriately to any and all allega-tions of sexual harassment.

The university prohibits acts of reprisal against anyone involved in lodging a complaint of sexual harassment. Conversely, the university considers filing intentionally false reports of sexual harassment a violation of this policy.

The university will promptly respond to all complaints of sexual harassment. When necessary, the university will insti-tute disciplinary proceedings against the offending individual, which may result in a range of sanctions, up to and including termination of university affiliation.

Complaints of sexual harassment may be brought to Susan Boswell, dean of students, Levering Hall, 410-516-8208; Ray Gillian, associate provost and director of equal opportu-nity programs for the university; or Caroline Laguerre-Brown, associate director for compliance and conflict resolution, 130 Garland Hall, 410-516-8075, TTY: 410-516-6225.

University Alcohol and Drug PolicyIn keeping with its basic mission, the university recognizes that its primary response to issues of alcohol and drug abuse must be through educational programs, as well as through intervention and treatment efforts. To that end, the university provides appropriate programs and efforts throughout the year. The brochure “Maintaining a Drug-Free Environment: The Hopkins Commitment” is distributed annually to all faculty, students, and staff of Johns Hopkins, and copies are available on request from the offices of the Faculty and Staff Assistance Program, 4 East 33rd Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218; telephone 410-516-3800; or at the Counseling and Student Development Center located in Merryman Hall on the Homewood campus; telephone 410-516-8270.

Photography and Film Rights PolicyThe Johns Hopkins University reserves the right from time to time to film or take photographs of faculty, staff, and students engaged in teaching, research, clinical practices, and other activities, as well as casual and portrait photography or film. These photographs and films will be used in such publica-tions as catalogs, posters, advertisements, recruitment, and development materials as well as on the university’s Web site, for various videos, or for distribution to local, state, or national media for promotional purposes. Classes will be pho-tographed only with the permission of the faculty member. Such photographs and film—including digital media—which will be kept in the files and archives of The Johns Hopkins University, will remain available for use by the university without time limitations or restrictions. Faculty, students, and staff are made aware by virtue of this policy that the university reserves the right to alter photography and film for creative purposes. Faculty, students, and staff who do not want their photographs used in the manner(s) described in this policy statement should contact the Office of Communications and Public Affairs. Faculty and students are advised that persons in public places are deemed by law to have no expectation of privacy and are subject to being photographed by third par-ties. The Johns Hopkins University has no control over the use of photographs or film taken by third parties, including without limitation the news media covering university activities.

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Master of Arts in Applied EconomicsEconomic forces impact virtually every aspect of contemporary society. They affect the choices made by consumers, they determine the existence and viability of businesses and organizations of all types, and they are central to the formulation and conduct of policy by governments, central banks, and international agencies. Decisions made by individuals, businesses, organizations, and governments have implications not only for the performance of markets but for society in general. For example, those wishing to characterize accurately the impact of economic fac-tors on an event must have an understanding of the underlying economic principles and an ability to quantify them. Such knowledge can then be used to explore options regarding specific economic decisions and to understand the implications of these options.

The MA in Applied Economics Program is designed so that students can relate economic concepts to many different types of questions and problems by offering an applications-oriented approach to economic theory, introducing and refining empirical techniques that are of immediate practical use, and facilitating the learn-ing process with a discussion of contemporary policy issues. Knowledge of econom-ics and the ability to apply that knowledge improve significantly the analytical foundation and quality of solutions proposed by professionals working for various congressional committees, government agencies, law and consulting firms, finan-cial institutions, trade associations, and other nongovernmental organizations.

Moreover, the MA in Applied Economics Program is designed to provide the foun-dation for making intelligent and informed decisions and for promoting effective policies in a world shaped by economics. To be able to evaluate economic events and to assess the impact they have on the behavior of consumers and producers in the economy, students need a thorough understanding of the institutional envi-ronment in which these events occur. The MA in Applied Economics Program develops this understanding through applied economic theory with a focus on how economic analysis is used to assess policy issues. To utilize effectively the results of economic analyses, a professional must have the tools and skills to estimate the size and direction of effect of the economic forces present and to assess how these forces interact when evaluating the impact of a policy. The systematic and comprehensive coverage of important quantitative techniques provided in the applied economet-rics courses provides students with this capability.

Program Committee

Joseph E. Harrington Jr.Professor of Economics and Program Chair

Noel D. UriAssociate Program Chair

Admission RequirementsIn addition to the materials and cre-dentials required for all programs, the Master of Arts in Applied Economics also requires:

Credentials• a grade point average of at least 3.0 on

a 4.0 scale in the latter half of under-graduate studies. Professional activi-ties and relevant work experience also are considered.

• one semester of introductory micro-economics

• one semester of introductory macro-economics

• one semester of multivariate calculus at the level typically taught in an undergraduate calculus course

Application Documents• AAP application and fee

• an official undergraduate transcript

• a résumé or statement of purpose not to exceed 500 words (only one is needed)

• two letters of recommendation from colleagues, previous instructors, supervisors, etc.

Admission StatusPlease refer to “Student Status” in this catalog for descriptions and criteria delineating the different categories of student status.

Course Requirements• four core courses (see below)

• six elective courses (see below)

Students can take all of their elec-tive courses in the MA in Applied Economics Program but, with prior advisor approval, they have the option of taking up to two elective courses in other Johns Hopkins University schools, in other Arts and Sciences programs, or in another program in Advanced Academic Programs.

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For information on exact dates, times, locations, fees, and instructors for any term, students should consult the Course Schedule available several months prior to the beginning of each term (see http://advanced.jhu.edu). Courses are open only to students who meet enrollment requirements and satisfy the prerequisites.

Prerequisite CoursesStudents lacking one or more of the prerequisite courses previously noted must make up any deficiencies before they may take a course in the program. Mathematical Methods for Economists (440.304) fulfills the calculus prerequisite but does not count toward the 10-course requirement for the MA in Applied Economics degree.

440.304 Mathematical Methods for EconomistsThis is an introductory course that covers topics in calculus, linear algebra, and other mathematical methods that are com-monly used tools in economics. Throughout the course, the applications of mathematical methods to applied economic analysis are emphasized.

Core CoursesThe core courses can be taken in any order except that 440.605 Statistics must be completed before a student can enroll in 440.606 Econometrics.

440.601 Microeconomic Theory and PolicyThis course offers a systematic presentation of consumer theory, theory of the firm, and market equilibrium. Topics covered include constrained optimization, preferences and utility, exchange, production, pricing, market structures, and welfare economics. These concepts are then applied to various policy issues including price and quantity regulation, taxation of labor and capital, income distribution, and the minimum wage.

440.602 Macroeconomic Theory and PolicyThis course provides a systematic overview of the theory of aggregate output and employment, the rate of interest, and price level determination. Coverage includes the theories of consumption and investment, the demand and supply of money, inflation, unemployment, and economic growth. These topics are discussed in the context of contemporary empirical work on aggregative relationships. Finally, the the-ory that is developed is applied to various policy issues such as a zero inflation rule, full employment legislation, and a balanced budget amendment.

440.605 StatisticsThis course provides a general survey of statistical methodol-ogy. Topics include probability and sampling, distribution theory, estimation, hypothesis testing, and simple regression analysis. It is also designed to provide the requisite theoretical and intuitive background for 440.606 Econometrics.

440.606 EconometricsThis course focuses on the application of statistical methods to the testing and estimation of economic relationships. After developing the theoretical constructs of classical least squares, common problems encountered when applying this approach, including serial correlation, heteroscedasticity, and multicol-linearity, are discussed. Techniques for dealing with these prob-lems are then examined. The course also covers the identification, estimation, and testing of simultaneous equations models.

Prerequisite: 440.605 Statistics

Elective CoursesThe core courses are prerequisites for all of the elective courses unless otherwise noted. Not all elective courses are offered every year. Electives are chosen in consultation with the student’s advisor and are designed to enhance a student’s understanding of the theoretical and empirical issues in a topi-cal area. Students may also consider the relevant offerings of other Johns Hopkins University schools including the School of Advanced International Studies, the Whiting School of Engineering, the School of Professional Studies in Business and Education, and the Bloomberg School of Public Health.

440.610 Monetary EconomicsAmong the topics covered in this course are money demand and money supply, inflation and the optimal quantity of money, the monetary policy transmission mechanism, the term structure of interest rates, strategies of monetary policy and optimal monetary policy, the time inconsistency problem in monetary policy, and monetary policy targets and rules. For each topic covered, the theory, policy relevance, and empirical evidence are presented and discussed.

440.612 Topics in Macroeconomics This course covers nominal rigidities, dynamic-consistency theories of inflation, inflation inertia and the costs of disinfla-tion, monetary policy, costs and benefits of price stability, benefits of output stabilization, alternative policy rules, mea-suring inflation, unemployment, efficiency-wage theories, the behavior of the NAIRU (Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment), macroeconomics in middle-income coun-tries, high inflation and stabilization, and currency crises. The course also analyzes implications of the buffer-stock and habit formation theories of consumption for comovement of aggregate variables and asset pricing. The models are applied to study the phenomena of declining U.S. saving rate, the dynamic relationship between saving rates and growth, and the equity premium puzzle.

440.614 MacroeconometricsThis course focuses on the practical uses of econometrics in a macroeconomic context. The course explores a variety of econometric techniques used to test macroeconomic hypoth-eses. The techniques covered include panel regressions, two-stage least squares, three-stage least squares, generalized least

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squares, tests for exogeneity, full information maximum likeli-hood estimation, and unit root and cointegration analysis.

440.615 Macroeconomic ForecastingThis course examines econometric approaches to forecasting macroeconomic activity. The approaches covered span the rather mundane single equation time series approach to the complex, large simultaneous equations systems approach. Different measures to assess the forecasting accuracy of these approaches are addressed. A discussion of these approaches and their relevance for policy recommendations is also covered.

440.616 Political EconomyThis course examines how political and economic forces inter-act to influence the character of domestic economic policies. The course examines the role of various political institutions such as the structure of elections, the political party system, the legislative process, the powers of the executive, and lobby-ing. It then assesses how these institutions impact monetary, fiscal, and regulatory policy. An exploration of how the perfor-mance of these policies in turn influences the outcome of the political process concludes the course.

No prerequisites

440.618 Comparative EconomiesEconomic institutions differ between countries. This course analyzes a number of these institutions including, for exam-ple, labor markets in Europe, the United States, and Japan; health insurance in the United States and Europe; trade and industrial policy in India, Japan, and Europe; and central banking arrangements such as the Monetary Union in the European Union and currency boards in Argentina and Hong Kong. For each topical area, the institutions are described in detail, the efficiency and income distribution implications are developed with the help of appropriate economic theory, and the causes giving rise to specific institutional arrangements are addressed. The course provides an opportunity to explore the various ways societies address economic problems, to under-stand the theoretical constructs used in different economic dis-ciplines, and to apply these in order to gain some insight into why very different economic institutions exist in the world.

440.619 international FinanceThis course provides an overview of international financial markets and policies. The focus is on exchange rate determina-tion, the importance of the balance of payments for both the domestic economy and the economies of other countries, inter-national capital flows, the impact of internal debt on the balance of trade, and the interaction and potential conflicts between domestic and international economic policy objectives.

440.620 globalizationThis course examines the rapid movement towards economic integration that has occurred since the 1970s in the world. The course begins by developing an analytical framework for studying the effects of foreign influences on an open economy. This framework is then applied to examine the causes of glo-

balization, and to assess the effects that increased international trade and investment have on the U.S. economy. The course also explores the appropriateness and effectiveness of various government policies that influence international trade and investment.

440.622 Economic development and growthThis course reviews the historical experience of developed economies, presents models of development and planning techniques, and explores development policies. The course aims to identify major economic questions relevant to less developed countries. The course demonstrates how economic analysis can be used to further the understanding of obstacles to development and how to formulate appropriate policies. A comparison of growth between developing and developed countries is used to illustrate the underlying principles.

440.627 Economics of the Public SectorThis course analyzes the determinants and properties of gov-ernment expenditures and taxes. The course investigates the effect of government expenditure and revenue on aggregate economic activity and on the allocation of resources. Topics include the provision of public goods, externalities, income redistribution, and efficiency and equity issues in taxation.

440.632 Cost-Benefit AnalysisThe objective of this course is to develop and apply an analyti-cal framework for evaluating projects with an emphasis on publicly funded projects. Coverage includes the evaluation of benefits and costs over time, and the assumptions necessary in the presence of uncertainty, in the absence of market prices, and when income distribution objectives need to be incorpo-rated into a project’s evaluation.

440.635 international TradeThis course examines the causes of trade, the sources of the gains from trade, and the domestic and international distri-bution of these gains. In addition it introduces the politico-economic causes of trade policy. Next, the course examines in detail the instruments and consequences of trade policy, including tariffs and quantitative trade restrictions and their manifestation as anti-dumping and safeguard measures. Relevant analytical issues, which are also topical, such as trade and human rights, trade and the environment, and preferen-tial trading areas are addressed with the same analytical tools developed and applied throughout. The theory of interna-tional trade and the causes and consequences of trade policy are linked to contemporary empirical research.

440.638 Economics of industry and Public PolicyIn this course the focus is on the study of markets and the laws and regulations used to ameliorate some of their imperfec-tions. The focus is on the problems caused by market struc-ture and market power. Many of the economic models used to explain how markets work and what is necessary for market power to exist are investigated. Subsequently, the course explores how regulators and private litigants try to eliminate

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or control market power, particularly through antitrust law with respect to price fixing, mergers, and market dominance. Regulatory issues pertaining to such industries as telecommu-nication, transportation, electrical power, health, safety, and the environment are also covered.

440.639 law and EconomicsTechniques of microeconomic theory and game theory are applied to analyze the effects of various laws on individual deci-sions and on the allocation of resources. Subject areas covered include the theory of public choice, the economics of property rights, contract law, and tort law. Topics include the efficient breach of contract, the determination of damages, the econom-ics of patents and copyrights, optimal liability rules for envi-ronmental and other torts, economics of family law, bankruptcy law, zoning law, antitrust law, and the legal process.

440.640 Environmental and Resource EconomicsBeginning with the concept of sustainability, the course devel-ops a framework for an economic assessment of environmental problems including the notion of market failure, valuation of environmental resources, and policy design issues associated with using alternative economic incentives and instruments. The second part of the course examines principles of the eco-nomically efficient management of non-depletable and deplet-able (e.g., fossil fuels, natural ecosystems) resources. Various applied settings are used to demonstrate the principles devel-oped in the course.

440.641 Economics of Health CareThis course explores the economics of the health care system in the United States by examining the demand for health care services, the behavior of health care providers, the influence of government policies, and the relationship between health care services and population health levels. Established health care systems and their potential for change in both the United States and other countries are considered in the context of cur-rent policy concerns.

440.642 Financial EconomicsFinance involves the both the transfer of resources across time and the transfer of risk among economic entities. The aim of this course is to develop the microeconomic theory relevant to these types of transactions. A set of underlying economic principles is applied to the determination of the value of basic financial instruments such as stocks and bonds, as well as to more complicated derivative securities such as futures and options. Valuation concepts, in turn, allow for the analysis of various issues of interest to policy makers as well as portfolio

managers and investors. These issues include the term struc-ture of interest rates, portfolio theory, the capital structure of the firm, and risk management.

440.643 Economics of the labor MarketThe economics of the determination of earnings and the allocation of labor are examined. This course develops the theory of labor markets focusing on the institutional structure of both labor supply and labor demand. This theory is then applied to questions of income distribution, unions, wage discrimination, wage rigidity, and government policies such as the minimum wage, affirmative action, and training and retraining programs.

440.644 game TheoryGame theory is a mathematical tool developed for the purpose of understanding not only the interaction of economic market participants but observed social phenomena as well. This course provides an introduction to game theory with applications to economics. Moreover, the course presents an approach to modeling a social situation as a game and develops techniques for solving the game in order to gain insight into individual behavior. Topics include repeated games, games with incomplete information, and the experimental testing of hypotheses.

440.648 Advanced Econometrics This course covers a number of advanced microeconometric techniques frequently encountered in applied econometric analysis. Topics include seemingly unrelated regression, Monte Carlo simulation, bootstrapping, generalized method of moments estimation, maximum likelihood estimation and likelihood ratio tests, limited dependent variable analysis (i.e. Logit, Probit, Tobit, etc.), and nonparametric methods.

440.650 Seminar in Applied MicroeconomicsIn this course students will learn how to conduct empirical research in economics. The student will complete an indi-vidual project on a topic of their choice that results in a pro-fessional quality, publishable study. The first portion of the course is devoted to reviewing research techniques, appropri-ate empirical methods, and the critical analysis of previous research in a topical area. In the second portion of the course, the student will formulate a research question based on eco-nomic theory, develop an appropriate model, compile the requisite data, estimate the model, and present the findings both in a seminar and a final paper. The student is expected to submit the completed paper to a professional journal for publication consideration.

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Program Committee

The program committee oversees the admissions, policy, and operations of the MS in Biotechnology. Members of the committee include:

Victor Corces, ProfessorDepartment of Biology, Chair, Advanced Biotechnology Studies Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Patrick Cummings, Senior Associate Program ChairAdvanced Biotechnology Studies, Advanced Academic Programs Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Lynn Johnson Langer, Senior Associate Program ChairAdvanced Biotechnology Studies, Advanced Academic Programs Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Kristina Obom, Associate Program ChairAdvanced Biotechnology Studies, Advanced Academic Programs Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Robert Lessick, Instructor Advanced Biotechnology Studies, Advanced Academic Programs Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Michael Luce, Instructor and MCC Laboratory Manager Advanced Biotechnology Studies, Advanced Academic Programs Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Advanced Biotechnology Studies

Biotechnology, the application of biological systems to solve problems or make use-ful products, continues to expand with new discoveries and life-saving products at a breathtaking pace. The biotechnology industry harnesses advances in microbiol-ogy, cell biology, molecular biology, genomics, and proteomics to move discoveries and ideas out of the laboratory and into the product development pipeline. This dynamic field demands a multidisciplinary workforce skilled in basic research, drug discovery technologies, bioinformatics, regulatory affairs, and product com-mercialization.

Johns Hopkins University offers students the ability to learn, advance, and suc-ceed in this exciting field with a variety of learning opportunities designed to meet the needs of working adults. Classes may be taken at three regional campuses: Rockville, MD, Baltimore, MD, and Washington, DC or in our cyber campus, for our online courses. Students may choose from four different degree options:

• Master of Science in Biotechnology

• Master of Science in Bioinformatics, joint offering of the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences and Whiting School of Engineering

• Master of Science in Bioscience Regulatory Affairs

• MS/MBA in Biotechnology, a joint degree program offered with the School of Professional Studies in Business and Education.

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Master of Science in Biotechnology

Admission requirements

Credentials and Prerequisite Courses • an undergraduate degree in the natural sciences or in engi-

neering with at least a 3.0 on a 4.0 scale in undergraduate studies (relevant work experiences are also considered); applicants with degrees in other disciplines may be able to enroll if their undergraduate work included the prerequi-site courses that follow

• two semesters of biology

• two semesters of college chemistry, preferably with labora-tories

• two semesters of organic chemistry, preferably with labo-ratories; students without adequate organic chemistry may be admitted provisionally to take 410.302 Bio-Organic Chemistry

• The admissions committee reserves the right to request additional information from applicants, if needed, to assess their candidacy for admission.


• a résumé or curriculum vitae

• official undergraduate transcript

• 500-word statement of purpose

• TOEFL score for international students

Admission Status Please see Student Status for descriptions and criteria of the different categories of student status.

Course Requirements • four core courses (see course descriptions)

• six elective courses (see course descriptions, must include at least two science electives)

Course requirements differ for the certificate and concentra-tion programs.

For information on exact dates, times, locations, fees, and instructors for any term, students should consult the Course Schedule at http://advanced.jhu.edu. Courses are open only to students who meet enrollment requirements.

Please note that many of the elective courses require prior completion of core courses.

The Johns Hopkins University and the national Cancer institute Fellowship ProgramThe Johns Hopkins University and the Center for Cancer Research/National Cancer Institute (CCR/NCI) have devel-oped an innovative graduate program that prepares the next generation of scientists in drug discovery technologies. This new concentration in Molecular Targets and Drug Discovery Technologies combined with the CCR/NCI fellowship fully integrates the didactic training and hands-on laboratory expe-rience required for graduates to contribute to the advance-ment of knowledge and research in the field of drug discovery. Fellows earn an MS in Biotechnology with a concentration in Molecular Targets and Drug Discovery Technologies, participate in important cancer research, work in CCR/NCI laboratories, and receive paid tuition for up to two years and an annual stipend. Fellows receive the stipend only if they are accepted into the Master of Science in Biotechnology and the NCI Molecular Target and Drug Discovery Fellowship Program.

degree and Fellowship Requirements and PrerequisitesDegree

• an undergraduate degree in the natural sciences or in engineering with at least a 3.0 on a 4.0 scale

• two semesters of Organic Chemistry with labs

Fellowship

• one course in probability and statistics or biostatistics

• graduate from an accredited university/college within the last three years

• must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident

Concentration in Molecular Targets and drug discovery Technologies

Core Courses410.601 Biochemistry

410.602 Molecular Biology

410.603 Advanced Cellular Biology I

410.604 Advanced Cellular Biology II

Concentration Courses410.696 Bioassay Development

410.750 Molecular Targets and Cancer

410.751 Chemical Libraries and Diversity

410.752 High Throughput Screening and Automation Laboratory

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Electives (Two required)—Consult program advisor

MS Biotechnology degree Concentrations (optional)Students wishing to focus on a specialized discipline within the MS in Biotechnology Program may enroll in one of five concen-trations: biodefense, bioinformatics, biotechnology enterprise, molecular targets and drug discovery technologies, or regulatory affairs.

Concentration in BiodefenseThe biodefense concentration integrates basic and transla-tional science to train the next generation of professionals for employment in academia, industry, and government. The curriculum provides students with a solid foundation in basic science, and investigates the various applications of medical science and biotechnology for detection, identification, and response to biothreats. Specific disciplines of study include molecular biology, infectious diseases, bioinformatics, immu-nology, epidemiology, molecular diagnostics, and policy.

Core Science Courses (core requirements differ for this concentration*)

410.601 Biochemistry


410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I

410.633 Computers in Molecular Biology*

Core Biodefense Courses 410.613 Principles of Immunology

410.632 Emerging Infectious Diseases

410.692 Biothreat Response and Microbial Forensics

410.693 Science, Medicine, and Policy in Biodefense

Biodefense Electives (two required)410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I

410.604 Advanced Cell Biology II 410.611 Vaccinology

410.614 Pathogenic Bacteriology

410.615 Microbiology

410.616 Virology

410.620 Microbial Genetics and Physiology

410.621 Agricultural Biotechnology

410.631 Infectious Diseases

410.640 Phylogenetics and Comparative Genomics

410.641 Clinical and Molecular Diagnostics

410.655 Radiation Biology

470.658 Bioterrorism and the Laboratory

470.659 Bioterrorism Science and Policy

410.661 Methods in Proteomics

410.662 Epidemiology

410.666 Genomic Sequencing and Analysis

406.670 Crisis Management

Concentration in BioinformaticsGiven the vast amounts of information generated from studies on humans and other organisms and the need of scientists and researchers to access and manipulate these data, the biotech-nology program offers courses which can either be sampled individually or taken together to make up a concentration in bioinformatics.

Degree candidates must complete any four of these courses to satisfy concentration requirements.

Bioinformatics Courses410.633 Computers in Molecular Biology

410.634 Practical Computer Concepts for Bioinformatics

410.635 Bioinformatics: Tools for Genome Analysis

410.639 Protein Bioinformatics


410.645 Biostatistics

410.661 Methods in Proteomics

410.666 Genomic Sequencing and Analysis

410.671 Microarrays and Analysis

410.698 Bioperl

Concentration in Biotechnology EnterpriseIn order for research discoveries to reach the public, an under-standing of the overall enterprise of biotechnology is essential. Success in this industry requires two distinct sets of skills and perspectives: understanding the science and understanding the business. Students in this concentration must complete four core science courses, four core enterprise courses, and two electives. One elective may be either a non-science or science course. The second elective must be a science course.

Core Biotechnology Enterprise CoursesPick two to four of the following:

410.643 Managing Biotechnology Professionals

410.644 Marketing Aspects of Biotechnology

410.680 Managerial Finance for Biotechnology I

410.687 Ethical, Legal, and Regulatory Aspects of Biotechnology Enterprise

Pick up to two of the following:410.642 Economic Aspects of Biotechnology

410.646 Creating a Biotechnology Enterprise

410.665 Bioscience Communication

410.681 Commercializing Biotechnology

410.689 Leading Change in Bioscience

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Certificate in Biotechnology EnterpriseStudents who want a solid understanding of the biotechnol-ogy enterprise but are well versed in the scientific aspects can apply to the certificate program in Biotechnology Enterprise.

A bachelor’s degree is required and a degree in the life sciences is recommended. For consideration, students submit the stan-dard application form and official transcripts. A grade point average of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale is expected.

Certificate requirements consist of six courses chosen from the list below. The four core Enterprise courses must be taken and two courses may come from the list of electives. (While most courses have no science prerequisites, students should not enroll in 410.627 Product Development or 410.651 Clinical Development of Drugs and Biologics unless they have a strong background in molecular biology or have taken the core courses 410.601 Biochemistry and 410.602 Molecular Biology.)

Students who successfully complete the certificate and sub-sequently decide to seek admission to the master’s degree program in biotechnology will receive credit for five of the courses taken in the certificate. All time limit restrictions as noted in the admissions section of this catalog will apply.

Core Courses for the Certificate in Biotechnology Enterprise

410.643 Managing Biotechnology Professionals



410.687 Ethical, Legal, and Regulatory Aspects of

Biotechnology Enterprise

Elective Courses for the Certificate in Biotechnology Enterprise

410.627 Product Development: From Research to Manufacturing410.637 Bioethics410.642 Economic Aspects of Biotechnology 410.645 Biostatistics 410.646 Creating a Biotechnology Enterprise 410.647 Research Ethics410.649 Regulatory Processes for Domestic and Global Biotech Products 410.650 Legal Aspects of Biotechnology 410.651 Clinical Development of Drugs and Biologics410.665 Bioscience Communication 410.681 Commercializing Biotechnology410.683 Introduction to cGMP Compliance410.684 Technology Transfer and Commercialization410.685 Societal Issues and the Public Perception in Biotechnology 406.670 Crisis Management

Please note: This list is subject to change. Please contact the associate program chair to determine if an elective will count toward the certificate.

Concentration in Molecular Targets and drug discovery TechnologiesThis concentration is open to MS in Biotechnology students who meet the standard admission requirements. The fellow-ship, however, is limited to recent post-bacs who meet both the CCR/NCI fellowship and MS degree requirements.

Molecular Targets and drug discovery Technologies Concentration Courses

410.696 Bioassay Development

410.750 Molecular Targets and Cancer

410.751 Chemical Libraries and Diversity

410.752 High Throughput Screening and Automation Laboratory

Elective Courses (Two required)—Consult program advisor

Concentration in Regulatory Affairs Developed in consultation with representatives from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Regulatory Affairs Professional Society (RAPS), and the biotechnology industry, this concentration in the Master of Science in Biotechnology provides students with the knowledge and understanding required for companies and organizations to comply with federal and state regulatory statutes for the development, approval, and commercialization of drugs, biologics, foods, and medical devices.

Students in this concentration must complete four core science courses, four core regulatory affairs courses, and two electives.

Regulatory Affairs Concentration CoresPick any four of the following:

410.627 Product Development, Research to Manufacturing

410.649 Regulatory Processes for Domestic and Global Biotech Products

410.650 Legal Aspects of Biotechnology or

410.651 Clinical Development of Drugs and Biologics

410.673 Biological Processes in Regulatory Affairs

410.676 Food and Drug Law

410.683 Introduction to cGMP Compliance

Students may choose any two electives in the MS in Biotechnology or MS in Bioscience Regulatory Affairs for which they have met the prerequisites.

For a complete list of electives, visit www.biotechnology .jhu.edu.

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Online CoursesThe Johns Hopkins MS in Biotechnology offers a wide range of online courses that can conveniently fit into your schedule. Designed for busy bioscience professionals, our online courses provide in-depth coverage of theoretical, applied, and special-ized subjects and are taught by expert faculty from academia, the private sector, and the government.

You may take eight of the 10 required courses online as long as you attend two required on-site courses. You may attend the on-site courses during any semester, including summer and intersession, at a Johns Hopkins location in Rockville, Maryland; Baltimore, Maryland; or Washington, DC.

Core Courses410.601 Biochemistry


410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I

410.604 Advanced Cell Biology II

Elective Courses410.610 Gene Organization and Expression

410.613 Principles of Immunology


410.621 Agricultural Biotechnology

410.622 Molecular Pharmacology

410.627 Product Development

410.628 Neurobiology


410.633 Computers in Molecular Biology



410.638 Cancer Biology



410.643 Managing Biotech Professionals


410.645 Biostatistics

410.649 Regulatory Processes for Domestic and Global Biotech Products

410.650 Legal Aspects of Biotechnology

410.651 Clinical Development of Drugs and Biologics

410.655 Radiation Biology

410.662 Epidemiology

410.663 Current Topics in Molecular and Cell Biology

410.665 Bioscience Communications


410.673 Biological Processes in Regulatory Affairs

410.676 Food and Drug Law

410.678.81 Marketing in a Regulated Environment


410.682 Validation in Biotechnology

410.683 Introduction to cGMP Compliance

410.685 Societal Issues and Public Perception in Biotechnology

410.687 Ethical, Legal, and Regulatory Aspects of Biotechnology

Course descriptions410.302 Bio-Organic ChemistryThis course provides a foundation in structural organic chem-istry, acid base chemistry, chemical thermodynamics, and reac-tion mechanisms. Subjects include Lewis structures, atomic and hybridized orbitals, stereochemistry, inter- and intramo-lecular forces of attraction, neucleophilic reaction mechanisms, functional groups, and the organic chemistry of biological molecules. Please note that this course does not count toward requirements for the master’s degree in biotechnology. Prerequisite: Two semesters of college chemistry

Core Science Courses Students must complete four core courses before they are allowed to enroll in most of the science electives. A student who has mastered some or all of the material covered in the core courses in previous academic work may request that one or more of these courses be waived. After reviewing the student’s request, the program committee may approve a waiver. The student then is required to replace the waived core course(s) with science electives. Electives should be chosen in consultation with the student’s advisor and should accommo-date individual career goals.

410.601 BiochemistryThis course explores the roles of essential biological mol-ecules focusing on protein chemistry, while covering lipids and carbohydrates. It provides a systematic and methodi-cal application of general and organic chemistry principles. Students examine the structure of proteins, their function, their binding to other molecules and the methodologies for the purification and characterization of proteins. Enzymes and their kinetics and mechanisms are covered in detail. Metabolic pathways are examined from thermodynamic and regulatory perspectives. This course provides the linkage between the inanimate world of chemistry and the living world of biology.

410.602 Molecular BiologyThis course provides a comprehensive overview of the key concepts in molecular biology. Topics to be covered include nucleic acid structure and function, DNA replication, tran-scription, translation, chromosome structure and remodeling, and regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukary-otes. Extended topics to be covered include methods in recom-binant DNA technology, microarrays and microRNA.

Prerequisite: 410.601 Biochemistry

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410.603 Advanced Cell Biology iThis course covers cell organization and subcellular structure. Students examine the evolution of the cell, chromosome and plasma membrane structures and behaviors, mechanics of cell division, sites of macromolecular synthesis and processing, transport across cell membranes, cell dynamics, organelle bio-genesis, and cell specialization. Students also are introduced to the experimental techniques used in cell biology to study cell growth, manipulation, and evaluation.

410.604 Advanced Cell Biology iiThis course is a continuation of 410.603 (Advanced Cell Biology I) and further explores cell organization and subcel-lular structure. Students examine cell-to-cell signaling that involves hormones and receptors, signal transduction path-ways, second messenger molecules, cell adhesion, extracellular matrix, cell cycle, programmed cell death, methylation of DNA and modification of chromatic structure, and mecha-nisms of the cell. The involvement of abnormalities in signal transduction pathways to oncogenesis and other disease states will be stressed.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; 410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I

Science Elective Courses Please note that many of the elective courses require prior completion of most core courses.

410.610 gene Organization and ExpressionStudents use genetic analysis and molecular biology techniques to investigate chromosome organization, chromatin structure, functional genomics, and mechanisms of differential gene expression. Other topics include DNA methylation, silencers, enhancers, genomic imprinting, and microarray analysis.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology

410.611 Vaccinology This course will cover the biological development, immuno-logic concepts, and methods for vaccine delivery. Specific top-ics include new technologies for vaccine development such as DNA vaccines, recombinant mucosal vaccines, dendritic cells for antigen delivery, novel adjuvants, and methods to increase vaccine stability. Delivery systems for vaccines, both time tested and new methodologies such as lipid-based systems, needle-free injection systems, and novel methods such as the use of geneti-cally modified foods, will be discussed. The underlying biologi-cal role of the innate and adaptive immune systems will be explored in light of new types of vaccines and delivery systems. Finally the process of bringing vaccines to market will be cov-ered including government oversight and licensure.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; 410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I; 410.613 Principles of Immunology, or undergraduate immunology course

410.612 Human Molecular geneticsIn this course students learn to use the tools of modern genomics to elucidate phenotypic variation within popula-tions. The course uses human disease (from simple Mendelian disorders to common complex disorders) to exemplify the types of studies and tools that can be used to characterize cel-lular pathophysiology as well as to provide genetic diagnostics and therapies. Students become facile with linkage analysis, cancer genetics, microarray analysis (oligo and DNA arrays), gene therapy, SNP studies, imprinting, dis-equilibrium mapping, and ethical dilemmas associated with the Human Genome Project.


410.613 Principles of immunologyThis course covers molecular and cellular immunology, includ-ing antigen and antibody structure and function, effector mechanisms, complement, major histocompatibility complexes, B- and T-cell receptors, antibody formation and immunity, cytotoxic responses, and regulation of the immune response. Students are also introduced to the applied aspects of immunol-ogy, which include immunoassay design and flow cytometry. Special topics include immunomodulation, immunosuppres-sion, immunotherapy, autoimmunity, and vaccination.


410.614 Pathogenic Bacteriology Lecture and discussion augmented by guided readings on pathogenic bacteria, with special attention to microorganisms that cause human disease. The course is designed to impart to the student an appreciation as well as knowledge of the history, epidemiology, cultivation, morphology, serology, bio-chemistry, and clinical description of the major disease-pro-ducing bacteria. Discussion of therapeutic considerations and vaccination will also be included in this course.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; undergraduate microbiology course or permission of program committee

410.615 MicrobiologyThis course is an overview of microorganisms important in clinical diseases and biotechnology. Students are introduced to the general concepts concerning the morphology, genetics, and reproduction of these microbial agents. Lectures focus on individual organisms with emphasis on infectious diseases, biotechnology applications, molecular and biochemical char-acteristics, and molecular and serological identification meth-ods. Students will also discuss the impact biotechnology, and particularly genomics, will have on the development of antibi-otics and vaccines as treatment and preventive measures.


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410.616 VirologyThis course covers the advanced study of viruses with regard to the basic, biochemical, molecular, epidemiological, clinical, and biotechnological aspects of animal viruses primarily and bacteriophage, plant viruses, viroids, prions, and unconven-tional agents secondarily. Specific areas of virology, including viral structure and assembly, viral replication, viral recombina-tion and evolution, virus-host interactions, viral transforma-tion, gene therapy, antiviral drugs, and vaccines, are presented. The major animal virus families are discussed individually with respect to classification, genomic structure, virion struc-ture, virus cycle, pathogenesis, clinical features, epidemiology, immunity, and control. The viral vectors and their applica-tions in biotechnology are discussed.


410.617 Marine BiotechnologyThis course covers the application of molecular techniques to study the marine environment and obtain useful products from marine systems. Students examine recent progress in discovery of drugs and enzymes from marine microbes and macroorganisms, biodiversity, bioremediation, molecular approaches in aquaculture, the role of marine microbes in global carbon cycling, and genomics of marine organisms.

Prerequisites: All four core courses

410.619 Molecular Evolution and PhylogeneticsThis course covers the principles of molecular evolution and phylogenetics. Topics include patterns and analyses of DNA polymorphism, genetic evolutionary trees, molecular clocks, the evolution of multigene families, gene duplication and shuffling, transposition and horizontal gene transfer, gene number and genome size, organellar and nuclear genetic markers, genetic mutation and selection, genes in populations, viral evolution, human evolution, and the theoretical back-ground for molecular phylogenetics. Examples of each concept will be drawn from the scientific literature in epidemiology and human or animal genetics.


410.621 Agricultural BiotechnologyIn this course, students are introduced to the application of recombinant DNA technology to agriculture. Studied are methods for the introduction of foreign DNA into plant and animal cells and generation of stably transformed plants and animals. Students consider specific examples of the use of transgenic plants and animals in biotechnology, which can provide protection against insects, diseases, and tolerance to specific herbicides. They also investigate how recombinant growth hormones can result in leaner meat, greater milk yield, better feed utilization, and how transgenic plants and animals can serve as bioreactors for the production of medicinals or protein pharmaceuticals. Because recombinant agricultural products are released into the environment or consumed as

foods, students also need to become familiar with environ-mental safety issues.


410.622 Molecular Basis of PharmacologyThis course begins by reviewing receptor binding and enzyme kinetics. Various cellular receptors and their physiology are discussed as well as the pharmacological agents used to define and affect the receptor’s function. Students study the phar-macology of cell surface receptors and intracellular receptors. Also considered are the drugs that affect enzymes.


410.623 Molecular and Cellular PhysiologyStudents in this course gain an understanding of how coor-dinated regulation of bodily function occurs at the molecular and cellular levels of organization. The focus is on neurons, muscles, and hormones. Specific areas covered for excitable tissue include bioelectric properties of excitable membranes, Hodgkin-Huxley ion currents, voltage-gated ion channels and their structures, synaptic transmission, excitation-contraction coupling, and contractile properties of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells. The biotechnological connection is the pharmacological interventions to modulate functioning of excitable tissues. For endocrine physiology, there is an over-view of hypothalamic, pituitary, reproductive, and other hor-mones. The class uses leptin and obesity as a model hormone and pathology, respectively, and examines in detail its action as a putative fat busting hormone.


410.624 System and integrative Physiology This course is the second half of the Physiology sequence and involves the study of organ systems and how they are regu-lated by the central nervous and endocrine systems. Students will learn the structure and function of the cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, renal, and reproductive systems, as well as their pathophysiology during disease processes. We will also study metabolic physiology in the context of exercise and diet. The biotechnological connection will be how the drug interventions modulate functioning of many of these systems.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; 410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I; 410.623 Molecular and Cellular Physiology is recommended but not required

410.625 industrial MicrobiologyThis course covers the principles of various processes associ-ated with the production and recovery of different bioproducts derived from prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Topics include the classification of microorganisms, media development, instru-mentation, fermentation principles, mammalian and insect cell propagation, product recovery, protein purification, and the principles of current good manufacturing practices (cGMP).

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Emphasis is on large-scale production methods and production of recombinant proteins for diagnostic and clinical applications.


410.626 Molecular developmentThis course covers the molecular and cellular bases of devel-opment in a variety of experimental organisms with special emphasis on mammalian and human models. From the formation of germ cells, fertilization, and early embryonic development to the final formation of organs and tissues, developmental processes are considered in the context of bio-technological applications. Application possibilities include creation of transgenic animals and drug design to combat specific types of cancer. The molecular mechanisms of devel-opmental processes and the identification of targets for thera-peutic purposes are central themes.


410.627 The Product development Process: From intellectual Property to licensingThis course provides an extensive overview of the prod-uct development process that includes the use and trans-fer of intellectual property, cell substrates and cell banks, and the manufacturing process, including current Good Manufacturing Practices and Quality Control. The importance of the interaction between a biotechnology company and the Food and Drug Administration is emphasized. Students learn to appreciate the importance of safety testing, preclinical and clinical testing, and the FDA regulations that govern the development, manufacture, and eventual marketing of biotech products. Guest lecturers familiarize students with the intrica-cies of the process. Using the team approach, students work together to solve problems and develop a “product” using knowledge gained in the classroom.


410.628 neurobiologyThis course provides a framework for understanding the molecular physiology of neuronal structure, signaling, and cir-cuitry and how this cellular design is ultimately integrated to achieve higher cognitive functions such as perception, control of movement, learning, and memory. The course introduces the students to various current neuroscience topics, including but not limited to membrane physiology and electrical excitability of neurons, neurotransmitters and synaptic transmission, signal-ing at the neuromuscular junction, cellular and higher-order aspects of perception and motor control, molecular mechanisms of neural development, and the molecular basis of learning and memory. This course places particular emphasis on the genetic and molecular bases of a wide variety of neurological and neu-rodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s.


410.629 genes and diseaseBecause of recent advances, powerful diagnostic tests now detect genetic diseases, and there is promise of gene replace-ment therapy. In this course students cover general genetic principles, DNA tools for genetic analysis, cytogenetics, gene mapping, the molecular basis of genetic diseases, animal mod-els, immunogenetics, genetics of development, genetics of cancer, and treatment of genetic diseases. Molecular methods of analysis are emphasized.


410.630 gene TherapyStudents are introduced to gene transfer, its technical evolu-tion, and its testing through clinical studies. Gene therapy holds promise for both genetic diseases and acquired diseases such as cancer and AIDS. The health, safety, and ethical issues surrounding gene therapy are discussed, together with the review and oversight systems established to regulate this therapy. Students also consider how industry is developing these techniques, both in new start-up companies as well as in established biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies. An overview of proprietary and patent issues in gene therapy is part of the course.


410.631 infectious diseases This course focuses on infectious diseases of mankind, pre-sented in a system-by-system format. Basic principles of host defense and microbial virulence will be discussed. Practical up-to-date information on the clinical presentation, symp-toms, physical findings, laboratory diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the general array of diseases caused by bacteria and viruses will be presented. The use of antibiotics, pro-phylactic agents, and vaccines along with selected aspects of pathogenesis and epidemiology will be covered. More cursory coverage will be given to the fungal and parasitic agents of human disease. The student will develop a broad understand-ing of the many different kinds of infectious processes that our bodies are subjected to on an ongoing basis.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry, 410.602 Molecular Biology, and 410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I

410.632 Emerging infectious diseasesThis course focuses on emerging infectious diseases from many different perspectives. The maladies addressed range from diseases that have reappeared in altered genetic forms, such as the influenza virus and the West Nile virus, to the lethal hemorrhagic fever caused by the Ebola virus. Also discussed is the threat of recombinant and ancient infectious agents such as Bacillus anthracis, causative agent of anthrax, which can be used in biological warfare weapons. Opinions from noted scientists and leaders concerning emerging diseases and the prospects for battling them successfully provide scientific and social perspective.


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410.633 Computers in Molecular BiologyRetrieval and analysis of electronic information are essential in today’s research environment. This course explores the theory and practice of biological database searching and analysis. In particular, students are introduced to integrated systems where a variety of data sources are connected through World Wide web access. Information retrieval and interpretation are discussed, and many practical examples in a computer laboratory setting enable students to improve their data min-ing skills. Methods included in the course are searching the biomedical literature, sequence homology searching and mul-tiple alignment, protein sequence motif analysis, and several genome analytical methods. Classes are held in a computer laboratory. Acquaintance with computers is required.


410.634 Practical Computer Concepts for Bioinformatics This course introduces students with a background in the life sciences to the basic computing concepts of the UNIX oper-ating system, relational databases, structured programming, object-oriented programming, and the Internet. Included is an introduction to SQL and the Perl scripting language. The course emphasizes relevance to molecular biology and bioinformatics. It is intended for students with no computer programming background, but with a solid knowledge of molecular biology.


410.635 Bioinformatics: Tools for genome Analysis Several large-scale DNA sequencing efforts have resulted in megabase amounts of DNA sequences being deposited in public databases. As such, the sequences are of less use than those sequences that are fully annotated. To assign annotations such as exon boundaries, repeat regions, and other biologically relevant information accurately in the feature tables of these sequences requires a significant amount of human interven-tion. This course instructs students on computer analytical methods for gene identification, promoter analysis, and intro-ductory gene expression analysis using software methods. Additionally, students are introduced to comparative genom-ics and proteomic analysis methods. Students will become proficient in annotating large genomic DNA sequences. Students complete two large sequence analysis projects during the course.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; 410.633 Computers in Molecular Biology

410.636 Biology of HiV and AidSThis course includes an overview of the biology and life cycle of the immunodeficiency virus, including the simian viruses (SIVs). Specific areas of HIV immunopathogenesis are emphasized, to include HIV diagnosis, HIV-induced immune dysfunction, and therapeutic breakthroughs in the treatment of HIV-1 disease. Students become familiarized with current methods in biotechnology that have advanced our understand-ing of the biology of retroviruses. Special topics include inter-

national genetic variation (subtypes and clades),. HIV vaccine development, and global economic impact.


410.638 Cancer BiologyThis course provides students with knowledge of the fun-damental principles of the molecular and cellular biology of cancer cells. Lectures and demonstrations explain the role of growth factors, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, angiogen-esis, and signal transduction mechanisms in tumor formation. Discussion of aspects of cancer epidemiology, prevention, and principles of drug action in cancer management is part of the course.


410.639 Protein BioinformaticsBecause the gap between the number of protein sequences and the number of protein crystal structures continues to expand, protein structural predictions are increasingly more important. This course provides a working knowledge of various computer-based tools available for predicting the structure and function of proteins. Topics include protein database searching, protein physicochemical properties, secondary structure prediction, and statistical verification. Also covered are graphic visualization of the different types of three-dimensional folds and predicting 3-D structures by homology. Computer laboratories complement material presented in lectures.


410.640 Phylogenetics and Comparative genomicsThis course will provide a practical, hands-on introduc-tion to the study of phylogenetics and comparative genom-ics. Theoretical background on molecular evolution will be provided only as needed to inform the comparative analysis of genomic data. The emphasis of the course will be placed squarely on the understanding and use of a variety of com-putational tools designed to extract meaningful biological information from molecular sequences. Lectures will provide information on the conceptual essence of the algorithms that underlie various sequence analysis tools and the rationale behind their use. Only programs that are freely available, as either downloadable executables or as web servers, will be used in this course. Students will be encouraged to use the programs and approaches introduced in the course to address questions relevant to their own work.


410.641 Clinical and Molecular diagnosticsThis course covers basic concepts and practical applications of modern laboratory diagnostic techniques. Topics include the principles of testing methodology, quality assurance, and the application of molecular methods to the clinical and research laboratory. The test methods to be covered include nucleic

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acid-based methods such as hybridization, amplification, and sequencing; non-nucleic acid methods such as HPLC, GLC, and protein analysis; and technologies such as PFGE, ribotyping, RFLP, and serological testing methodologies. In addition to the test procedures, students are exposed to aspects of statistics, quality control, regulatory issues, and applications of these methods to the diagnosis and prognosis of human disease.


410.645 BiostatisticsThis course introduces statistical concepts and analytical methods as applied to data encountered in biotechnology and biomedical sciences. It emphasizes the basic concepts of experimental design, quantitative analysis of data, and statistical inferences. Topics include probability theory and distributions; population parameters and their sample esti-mates; descriptive statistics for central tendency and disper-sion; hypothesis testing and confidence intervals for means, variances, and proportions; the chi-square statistic; categorical data analysis; linear correlation and regression model; analysis of variance; and nonparametric methods. The course provides students a foundation to evaluate information critically to support research objectives and product claims and a better understanding of statistical design of experimental trials for biological products/devices.

Prerequisites: Basic mathematics (algebra); scientific calculator

410.648 Clinical Trial design and ConductThrough a case study approach, this course will cover the basic design issues of clinical trials. The design of a specific trial will be studied to illustrate the major design issues, such as overall design, endpoint variables, control group selection, and eligibility criteria. The course also covers the planned analysis of these studies, including approaches that are central to clini-cal trials, such as stratified analysis, adjustment factors, and “intention-to-treat” analyses. Also to be covered are the opera-tional aspects of clinical trial conduct (Good Clinical Practices). Group projects include a full protocol for a clinical trial of a fictitious new drug or biologic, plus the accompanying informed consent document. The semester will conclude with a mock IRB meeting to review one of the student projects.

Prerequisites: 410.651 Clinical Development of Drugs and Biologics; 410-645 Biostatistics (or equivalent)

410.651 Clinical development of drugs and BiologicsThis course introduces students to the planning and work required to develop potential new drugs and biologics effi-ciently. Students gain a thorough appreciation of FDA and ICH regulations and guidelines. Because the course empha-sizes the importance of planning before the execution of any of the necessary steps, lectures use a “backwards” approach, discussing the final analysis and report before developing pro-tocols. Topics also include an overview of preclinical investiga-tions; NDA/BLA format and content; clinical development plans; product and assay development; the IND; and trial design, implementation, and management.


410.653 Tissue Engineering Tissue engineering is a highly multidisciplinary field that involves cell biology, chemistry, materials science, engi-neering, and medicine. This course will be a survey that introduces students to the field from scientific, clinical, manu-facturing, and regulatory perspectives. Roughly the first half of the course will be devoted to background material, and the second half will focus on applications. Readings will be drawn from books and journals.


410.654 Transplantation ScienceThis course is designed to provide exposure and insight into transplantation science. The course emphasizes the current status of organ donation, procurement programs, and his-tocompatibility testing. In addition, immunological conse-quences of organ or tissue transplantation and subsequent immuno-suppressive regimens are examined. Special attention is given to promising and innovative technologies such as tis-sue engineering, cardiac regeneration, stem cell technology, and xenotransplantation. Students investigate the biological and ethical issues associated with these new technologies.


410.655 Radiation BiologyThis course is intended to cover all aspects of radiation inter-actions with biological material. The course will review types of radiation and their differences, physical and chemical interactions of radiation with key biological molecules, effects on living matter beginning with cellular interactions and pro-ceeding to tissue, organ, and organismic levers, emphasizing the human system. Repairable as well as non-repairable dam-age, long-term low-dose as well as acute high-dose exposures, and harmful and carcinogenic effects as well as beneficial effects and mechanisms of therapeutic uses for treatment of cancer and other conditions will be covered.


410.661 Methods in ProteomicsThis course covers the analytical methods used to separate and characterize pharmaceutical compounds (predominantly proteins) derived through biotechnology. While emphasis is placed on the general principles and applicability of the meth-ods, current protocols are discussed, and problem sets repre-senting realistic developmental challenges are assigned. Topics include chromatography (HPLC, SEC, IEC), electrophoretic techniques (2-D gel electrophoresis), spectroscopic methods (UV/Vis, fluorescence, CD), analytical ultracentrifugation, microarrays, mass spectroscopy, amino acid analysis, sequenc-ing, and methods to measure protein-protein interactions.


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410.662 Epidemiology: diseases in PopulationsEpidemiology is the study of the patterns and determinants of disease in populations. It constitutes a basic science for public health and biomedical sciences and its influence can be felt daily through the presentation of data by government, academic, and industry sources. The goal of this course is to present an introduction to epidemiological methods and infer-ences to biotechnology professionals with little prior experi-ence in public health. Issues in epidemiological inference and the assessment of causal relationships from epidemiological studies will be discussed, introducing the issues of bias and confounding. Throughout the course, emphasis will be on the practical use of epidemiology and lectures will be comple-mented by case studies and published literature. Examples will be drawn from contemporaneous issues in chronic and infectious diseases. At the conclusion of the course, students should have a greater appreciation for the role of the epidemi-ologic method and be able to evaluate a basic epidemiologic study, including how the study goals and research questions relate to the design, measures, and inferences.

Recommended Prerequisites: Undergraduate statistics course or 410.645 Biostatistics

410.663 Current Topics in Molecular and Cellular BiologyThis course is a literature-driven exploration of current top-ics and methodologies employed in cell biology research. By closely examining both fundamental and innovative experi-mental approaches, as well as cutting-edge technologies, we will explore a broad range of cell biology topics, many of which most students have previously encountered, at least atsome level, in the core courses. The particular subjects and technologies discussed may vary widely from semester to semester; topics may include but are not limited to expression profiling (microarray analysis), “knock-down” with RNAi, the use of transgenic and knock-out mice, proteomics and mass spectrometry, microscopy applications (epifluorescence, confo-cal, and/or EM), characterizing protein/protein interactions, and detection methods for the movement of small molecules and ions. Students enrolling in this course are expected to already have some experience in critical reading and evalua-tion of the primary scientific literature.


410.666 genomic Sequencing and AnalysisThe completion of the human genome sequence is just the latest achievement in genome sequencing. Armed with the complete genome sequence, scientists need to identify the genes encoded within, to assign functions to the genes, and to put these into functional and metabolic pathways. This course will provide an overview of the laboratory and computational techniques beginning with genome sequencing and annota-tion, extending to bioinformatics analysis and comparative genomics, and including functional genomics.


410.667 Theory and Applications of immunoassaysAntibodies are useful as molecular tools in a variety of appli-cations in biotechnology. They can be produced quickly, inexpensively, and in very large quantities. Students will examine how antibodies can be configured as a measurement tool called an immunoassay. Students design immunoas-says for their own laboratory applications such as radio- and enzyme-immunoassays, and competitive and immunometric immunoassays. They learn how to modify antibodies chemi-cally for conjugation of reporter molecules; and they become aware that various immunoassay performance issues can affect results. Students also investigate immunoassay formats such as configuration of antibodies as biosensors and surface plas-mon resonance signaling.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; 410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I. Prior completion of 410.613 Principles of Immunology is strongly recommended or approval of pro-gram committee.

410.671 Microarrays and Analysis This course will focus on the analysis and visualization of microarray data. The general aim is to introduce students to the various techniques and issues involved with analyz-ing multivariate expression data. Additionally, students will visualize the results in modern statistical scripting software. Topics include detecting and attributing sources of data variability, determining differentially expressed genes with relevant statistical tests, and controlling for false positive discovery (multiple test corrections, permutations, etc.). An introduction to linear and non-linear dimension reduction methods (PCA, PLS, isometric feature mapping, etc.) and an introduction to common pattern recognition (clustering), classification, and discrimination techniques will be included. Assignments and concepts will make use of publicly available Affymetrix and cDNA microarray data sets. Examples will mostly be demonstrated in S-plus and R (publicly available) code, with some in SAS. Free demo software tools such as Minitab, Spotfire, TreeView, Expression Profiler, and web UIs will also be utilized.

Prerequisites : 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; 410.645 Biostatistics, and 410.634 Practical Computer Concepts for Bioinformatics or an undergraduate computer programming course

410.692 Biothreat Response & Microbial Forensics This course introduces the methods and techniques used for biothreat detection, identification, and medical intervention. Methods to protect the health and safety of responders, the proper procedures for threat containment, decontamination, removal, and establishment of a chain of custody for eviden-tiary materials are all discussed. Students will learn rapid methods for biothreat detection (using various biodetection platforms) and conventional methods such as culture, PCR, DNA fingerprinting, phage typing, microarrays, and pro-teomics. Procedures for working in Biosafety Levels 3 and 4 environments are presented, as well as the immunological

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responses to biothreat exposure, and the preventive and thera-peutic options available.

Prerequisites : 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; 410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I

410.693 Science, Medicine, and Policy in BiodefenseThis course provides a comprehensive introduction to the Concentration in Biodefense. Biological warfare is introduced in its historical context, followed by the properties of the most important biological threat agents, their medical consequences and treatment, diagnostics and forensics. Relevant international and domestic policy issues are explored, along with defense strategies and the nature of existing dangers to national secu-rity. Students should leave the class with a deep understanding of biological warfare and terror agents, the consequences of their potential use, and the available means of protection.

Prerequisites : 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; 410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I; undergraduate Microbiology or 410.615 Microbiology

410.694 Microbial Pathogens and the impact on national SecurityThis course provides an overview of the basic microbiol-ogy, pathology, detection methods, and medical treatments required in response to a biothreat attack. Methods to protect the health and safety of responders and the general public are presented, and the procedures for biothreat weaponization and delivery, collection and storage, containment and decontami-nation, and risk assessment are discussed. The potential bio-threat agents of bacterial, viral, and agricultural significance are presented, such as, Bacillus anthracis (anthrax), Yersinia pestis (plague), variola virus (smallpox virus), hemorrhagic fever viruses (Ebola virus, dengue virus), and microbiological toxins (botulinum, superantigens).

Non-science elective for Biotechnology Program

410.695 Applied Molecular BiologyThis course will cover both basic and applied concepts in molecular biology. It is designed for students with a good working knowledge of molecular biology who want to study more advanced concepts and how they may be applied in biotechnology. Topics for discussion include DNA/RNA structure, DNA replication, transcription, translation, post-translational modifications, restriction enzymes, general recombinant DNA techniques (DNA ligations, bacterial transformation, DNA/RNA isolation), DNA sequencing, plasmids and polymerase chain reaction.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; and 410.603 Adv. Cellular Biology I

410.696 Bioassay development This course will cover methodological approaches to bioassay development for high throughput screening. Both cell-based (cytotoxicity; cytoprotection, high content imaging, and reporter systems) and cell-free assay systems (enzyme, FRET, time resolved fluorescence, quenching assays, and immuno-

logical assays) will be included with discussion of the poten-tial promise and pitfalls associated with each assay system. Various assay formats, visualization techniques, and current developments in assay technology will be discussed. Project management techniques will be utilized to aid in the process of assay development.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology and 410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I

410.697 Microfluidics and BiosensorsMicrofluidics (Lab-on-a-chip technology) is the miniaturiza-tion of laboratory operations for micro-scale chemistry, high-throughput drug screening, environmental sensors, biothreat detectors, forensics, clinical diagnostics and proteomics. This course will cover microfluidic implementations of bioassay development such as sample dilution, cell lysis, chromatog-raphy, solid-phase extraction, electrophoresis, nucleic acid amplification and sequencing, analyte detection, single-cell analysis, microarray design & mass spectrometry sample preparation. The materials, design, fabrication, and testing of microfluidic chips and biosensors will be discussed, with emphasis on the applications of this technology to detect microbial pathogens and cancer markers. In addition, the course will include case studies from the literature to intro-duce students to intellectual property issues related to micro-fluidic technology.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology or approval of program committee

410.698 BioperlThis course builds on the Perl concepts taught in 410.634 Practical Computer Concepts for Bioinformatics. Perl has emerged as the language of choice for the manipulation of bioinformatics data. Bioperl, a set of object-oriented modules that implements common bioinformatics tasks, has been developed to aid biologists in sequence analysis. The course will include an overview of the principal features of Bioperl and give students extensive opportunity to use Perl and the tools of Bioperl to solve problems in molecular biology sequence analysis.

Prerequisites : 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; 410.634 Practical Computer Concepts for Bioinformatics

410.750 Molecular Targets and CancerThis course will investigate potential molecular targets in cancer including receptor tyrosine kinases, G-Protein coupled receptors, the TGF beta signaling pathway, cell cycle check points, kinases and phosphatases, chemokine and chemokine receptors, nuclear receptors, suppressor proteins, metastasis and angiogenesis targets, integrins, and matrix metalloproteinases. Discussion will also include topics on what defines a molecular target and the methods by which they are evaluated.Prerequisites : All four core courses

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410.751 Chemical libraries and diversityChemical diversity and “pharmacological space” will be stud-ied with an emphasis on disciplines related to drug discovery. Medicinal chemistry, natural product chemistry, focused syn-thetic libraries, and combinatorial chemistry will be covered. Lipinski’s rules for drug-like molecules will be discussed in detail, as well as methods for chemical analysis, in silico drug design, molecular modeling, and compound storage and han-dling. In addition, techniques used for assessing and harness-ing chemical diversity for drug discovery will be discussed.

Prerequisites: All four core courses or approval of program committee

410.753 Stem Cell BiologyThis course will involve discussion and debate on current top-ics concerning stem cell biology and the use of stem cells in biotechnology and therapeutics. Topics will include review and discussion of developmental & cell biology, stem cell characteristics, stem cell preparation & therapeutic uses, tissue engineering, global regulatory and ethical issues, and com-mercialization of stem cell therapy. Current peer-reviewed literature and guest experts in the field will provide up to date information for discussion.


410.800 independent Research in Biotechnology Students in the biotechnology program have the opportunity to enroll in an independent research course. This elective course is an option after a student has completed at least eight graduate-level courses and has compiled a strong academic record. Prior to proposing a project, interested students must have identified a research topic and a mentor who is familiar with their prospective inquiry and who is willing to provide guidance and oversee the project. The research project must be independent of current work-related responsibilities as determined by the project mentor. The mentor may be a fac-ulty member teaching in the biotechnology program, a super-visor from the student’s place of work, or any expert with appropriate credentials. Students are required to submit a formal proposal for review and approval by the biotechnology program committee. The proposal must be received by the Advanced Academic Programs office no later than one month prior to the beginning of the term in which the student wants to enroll in the course. Students must meet with a member of the program committee periodically for discussion of the project’s progress, and a written document must be completed and approved by the program committee and project mentor for the student to receive graduate credit. Additional guide-lines can be obtained from the AAP administrative office.

Prerequisites : All four core courses and four elective courses

laboratory Elective CoursesAll the following electives are wet lab courses. Students must bring lab coat and safety glasses to all meetings of the course.

410.652 Cell Culture TechniquesThis laboratory course illustrates the use of basic cell culture techniques used in bioscience research and commercial appli-cations. Students are introduced to cell cultivation methods, including proper use of a biological safety cabinet, sterile technique, cell enumeration and media preparation, primary cultures, cultivation of cell lines, detection of contamination, cryopreservation, transfection, and an introduction to bioassays. This course is designed for students with no prior knowledge or with limited knowledge of cell culture methods.


410.656 Recombinant dnA laboratoryThis laboratory course introduces students to methods for manipulating and analyzing nucleic acids. Students gain extensive hands-on experience with plasmid purification, restriction mapping, ligations, bacterial transformations, gel electrophoresis, as well as applications of the polymerase chain reaction. This course is not recommended for students with substantial experience in these methodologies.


410.657 Recombinant Protein Expression, Production, and AnalysisThis laboratory course introduces students to the construc-tion, production, processing, and analysis of recombinant proteins from prokaryotic and eukaryotic sources. Concepts include the design, construction, and delivery of recombinant expression clones, expression of recombinant genes in host cells, protein purification, and protein analysis. Laboratory exercises use current techniques and approaches for the clon-ing, expression, production, purification, and analysis of recombinant proteins in bacteria and mammalian cells.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; 410.656 Recombinant DNA Laboratory; or consent of program committee

410.659 Advanced Recombinant dnA laboratoryThis course is a continuation of 410.656 Recombinant DNA Laboratory, intended for those who completed the introduc-tory course or who have extensive laboratory experience. This second course consists of a series of integrated laboratory exer-cises designed to give students hands-on experience with a variety of advanced recombinant DNA techniques. Exercises include cloning and analysis of an exon from a gene; creation of mutations within structural genes through the polymerase chain reaction (or transposon mutagenesis); and examination of mutations. Students isolate total RNA and quantitate a specific message using RT-PCR, examine gene expression using micro-arrays, and utilize bioinformatics tools for DNA analysis.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; 410.656 Recombinant DNA Laboratory; or consent of program committee

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410.660 immunological Techniques in BiotechnologyThis laboratory course introduces students to methods for ana-lyzing the immune system. Participants gain experience with various immunologic techniques used in research and biotech-nology laboratories such as immunoassays, immunofluores-cence, western blot analysis, SDS-PAGE, antibody purification (protein A), and cytokine assays. Additional topics for discus-sion include hybridoma technology, phage antibody libraries, therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, and flow cytometry.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry; 410.602 Molecular Biology; 410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I; 410.613 Principles of Immunology or undergraduate immunology course highly recom-mended; or consent of program committee

410.752 High Throughput Screening and Automation laboratoryThis course will utilize hands-on instruction in automated bio-assay systems for high throughput screening (HTS) as an entry point to covering pertinent aspects of HTS, such as data manip-ulation, storage, and analysis; liquid handling robotics; microti-ter plate washing, manipulation and bar coding; HTS assay detectors; and automated devices for assay setup, validation and visualization. Cost considerations, HTS amenable assay systems, and miniaturization and scale-up will also be discussed.

Prerequisites: All four core courses and 410.696 Bioassay Development

Enterprise and Regulatory Affairs Courses

410.607 Proseminar in BiotechnologyThe Biotechnology Proseminar introduces students to issues and challenges facing leaders of public and private sector orga-nizations, and communities seeking to achieve shared goals within the biotechnology industry. The course brings together diverse academic science and business disciplines (science, regulatory affairs, marketing, finance, legal, ethics, communi-cations, etc). It explores how these disciplines can be used as powerful tools to create effective leadership, and productive collaborations within the industry, while improving manage-rial decision making. The Proseminar frames and integrates the combined MS/MBA Biotechnology content, methods, and tools of inquiry and analysis.

This course only open to students in the MS.MBA Biotechnology dual degree program.

410.637 BioethicsStudents in this course analyze and discuss traditional philo-sophical theories regarding the nature of the moral good. They then apply these theories to critical issues and selected cases involving experiments with human subjects, organ transplanta-tion, in vitro fertilization, the use of animals in research, the collection and publication of research data, peer review, conflicts of interest, and other topics of current concern.

410.642 Economic Aspects of BiotechnologyThis course examines the economic, business, and financial forces that define and shape the biotechnology industry, with special focus on early stage and growing companies. A major focus is on decisionmaking under uncertainty, which includes how to interpret and screen various input types in the deci-sion process and how to balance the empirical and intuitive approaches to analyzing problems arising from the nature of the biotechnology business. The course will permit the stu-dent to prepare an analytic approach to complex problems, identify and assess risks and payoffs, evaluate risks and payoffs in monetary and non-monetary terms, develop a structure for strategy and tactics, and understand how and why people make the decisions they make. Topics include defining and distinguishing the biotechnology industry, competitive forces and impact on strategy, regulation of genetic products, plan-ning under uncertainty, system thinking and system failure, the economic environment, estimating costs and benefits, strategic components, marketing and sales, research and development, and valuing a company.

410.643 Managing Biotechnology Professionals The roles of managers and leaders within biotechnology com-panies undergo constant change. Biotechnology managers must engage in new and innovative problem-solving strate-gies; lead a diverse and global workforce; develop partnerships with other businesses, customers, and competitors; manage horizontally and across teams; and utilize technology as a competitive advantage. The student is able to address current challenges in his/her own organization and learn methods of implementing change, such as negotiation techniques and motivation. The course includes in-depth discussions of lead-ership skills, communication, conflict resolution, and goal integration. Students research a biotechnology organization and analyze what is working and not working within the management systems and suggest alternatives.

410.644 Marketing Aspects of BiotechnologyThis course introduces students to the strategic and tactical approaches used in the marketing of biotechnological prod-ucts and services. Students gain a thorough understanding of the research and planning necessary to develop a marketing plan, the relationship between the marketing and sales func-tions, the difference between marketing a scientific product and a scientific service, pricing strategies, distribution alter-natives, communications, promotion, and the importance of perception. Knowledge of marketing terminology and tech-niques prove helpful to anyone in the industry.

410.646 Creating a Biotechnology EnterpriseThis course provides a foundation to start or help grow a young biotechnology company from inception through early growth. Topics addressed shall include market assessment of innovative technology, patents and licensing, corporate law, preparing a business plan, raising money from angels and ven-ture capitalists, government grants, strategic alliances, sales and marketing, real estate, human resources, and regulatory

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affairs. The course provides a survey and overview of the key tasks and challenges typically faced by biotech entrepreneurs, their management team, and directors. Students will prepare a business plan for a biotech start-up and present the plan to a panel of industry experts and financiers. Leaders from our local bioscience community will be guest lecturers for many of the classes.

410.647 Research Ethics This course covers the basic ethical notions in the conduct of biomedical research with animals and human subjects and that make up the core values of scientific integrity. Students explore issues central to these areas, such as the appropriate use of animals in research, informed consent for human sub-jects, authorship, peer review, and the ethics of the business of science.

410.649 Regulatory Processes for domestic and global Biotechnology Products Regulatory affairs (RA) comprises the rules and regulations governing product development and post-approval market-ing. In the U.S., the FDA establishes and oversees the appli-cable regulations. Biotechnology products may be classified as drugs, biologics, or medical devices. Each type is regulated by a different center within the FDA. This course provides an overview of RA and its impact on product development. Topics include RA history, regulatory agencies, how to access regulatory information, drug submissions, biologics submis-sions, medical device submissions, GLP, GCP, GMP, and FDA inspections.

410.650 legal Aspects of BiotechnologyIn this course students gain a thorough understanding of the legal steps necessary to protect and market biotechnological inventions and of the procedures required to obtain the neces-sary permits and licenses from government agencies. Topics include inventorship and ownership issues in academia and industry; what can and should be patented in the United States and in other countries; how patents are granted; how to avoid losing patent rights; how to enforce and defend patents; and how to transfer rights to technology.

410.665 Bioscience CommunicationResearchers must communicate effectively so their discover-ies can be shared with others. In this course, students learn how to communicate their ideas to other researchers, their scientific peers, and investment communities. Students master both written and verbal communication skills; they hone their expertise at making both formal and informal oral presentations; they prepare poster presentations, and develop their own public speaking strategies. The course also presents personal strategies for improving daily communica-tions, cross-cultural communications, and non-verbal skills. Students improve their written communication, editing, and informal writing skills. Participants also learn effective e-mail strategies for getting their message across, and learn how effective writing can improve their chances of getting grant

applications approved. Class assignments include preparation of scientific papers, general science writing, oral presentations, PowerPoint presentations, and scientific posters.

410.673 Biological Processes in Regulatory Affairs This course provides an overview of the biological processes and laboratory techniques utilized for the discovery, develop-ment and evaluation of therapeutic drugs. Students investi-gate drug development processes such as gene cloning, culture scale-up, downstream processing, and product purification. Emphasis is placed on the theory and application of labora-tory methods used in drug development, such as recombinant DNA techniques, antibody technology, protein purification, immunoassays, high-throughput drug screening, chromatog-raphy, electrophoresis, cell receptor characterization, pharma-cokinetics, drug toxicity testing and evaluation of therapeutic drugs, diagnostics, and vaccines.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry and 410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I or enrollment in the MS in Bioscience Regulatory Affairs

410.674 international Regulatory lawThe sale of food, drugs, or medical devices generally requires prior government approval of the product and how the prod-uct will be made and sold—for example, what representations will be made on the package and the label. The legal parame-ters governing the approval process vary across the world, and the regulatory rules and climate in, for example, Europe, Asia, Canada, and Australia will be examined. Those procedures then will be compared and contrasted with the laws, regula-tions, and processes of the United States. Opportunities for collaboration and cooperation between and among countries, such as settling on guidelines for conducting clinical trials in a foreign country, will be discussed. In light of the globaliza-tion of economies, is there a possibility of harmonization of approval processes? The regulation of the importation and exportation of products and information across borders will conclude the course.

410.675 international Regulatory AffairsThe pharmaceutical/biotechnology product approval and mar-keting requires a good understanding of international regula-tory affairs in order to successfully compete in today’s global marketplace. It is important for tomorrow’s leaders to under-stand and follow the regulatory differences to ensure optimum product development strategies, regulatory approvals and designs for exports conforming to the foreign regulatory bod-ies. There are various product development strategies that industry is using to shorten the product development time by conducting preclinical programs outside the United States, however, the strategy requires a careful planning and interac-tion with the U.S. and foreign regulatory agencies. With the increase in globalization of economy and exports, interna-tional regulations will have a bigger impact on the biotech-nology business in the future. The course provides a review and analysis of the pharmaceutical/biotechnology product approval processes within the world’s major markets. The key strategies required in preclinical product development

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to marketing approval of the products in Europe, Japan, and the United States will be compared and discussed. Students will explore the European Union (EU) regulations and their overall importance on international markets. The course will cover the salient features of common technical and regulatory documents required for submission and approval to the lead-ing regulatory bodies in the world, general guidance docu-ments, International Harmonization, and General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).

410.676 Food and drug lawThe Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA) governs the regulatory approval process for bringing a drug, food, or cos-metic to market. The class will begin with discussion of the administrative procedures followed by the FDA. The course will focus on the drug and medical device approval process, but will include a brief discussion on the food approval pro-cess, what constitutes generally regarded as safe (GRAS) and the food additive petition. Application for a new drug will be described and contrasted with the abbreviated new drug application process. Over-the-counter drugs are regulated in another manner, and the differences will be highlighted. Advertising and labeling of the drug also must comport with FDA guidelines. Good laboratory and manufacturing practices will be discussed, as will the inspections to ensure compliance. Students then will be exposed to the enforcement activities of the FDA, including searches, seizure actions, injunctions, criminal prosecutions, and civil penalties autho-rized under the FDC Act, as well as other statutes. The course will close with a discussion on the international movement of drugs, particularly in light of the varying costs of ethical pharmaceuticals.

410.677 Preparing a Successful SubmissionIn the United States, the FDA clears products to market through submissions by sponsors. These submissions are the pathway to market for regulated drugs, devices, biologics, and well-defined biotechnology products. Each submission type is reviewed by one or more of several different centers within the FDA. This course provides an overview of these submissions and the effect of submission type on product development. Topics include biological and biotech submissions as well as drug and medical device submissions, the review procedures and approval standards applied to each type, the guidance that applies to these submissions and any FDA inspections required for approval.

410.678 Marketing in a Regulated EnvironmentThis course is designed to help students understand, use, and comply with the laws, regulations, and policy guidance documents governing advertising and promotion of products regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The course provides an overview of the regulations, discussion of the FDA’s advertising oversight, and FDA enforcement activities. The course content introduces students to advertis-ing approved products. It provided insights on comparing competitor products, the need for head-to-head comparative data, dietary supplements, Rx products, OTC products, unap-

proved investigational products, and unapproved research products. The course also covers the different regulations from FDA, FTC, and CPSC. Labeling requirements, DoT, OSHA, and other international advertising activities are also covered.

410.679 Practicum in Bioscience Regulatory Affairs (This course is open only to MS.BRA students)

This integrative case-based course will focus on applying knowledge gained from previous courses in the MS Bioscience Regulatory Affairs program to actual cases from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. For each case, students will assume the role of either a regulatory specialist, an FDA reviewer or senior-level policy-maker, or other involved stakeholders, such as a consumer group or an advocacy group. Students will be expected to research, evaluate, and present scientifi-cally and legally justifiable positions on case studies from the perspective of their assigned roles. Students will present their perspectives to the class and be asked to debate the issues with the other students from the perspective of their assigned roles. The major responsibility of the students in this course will be to make scientifically and legally defensible recommendations and to justify them through oral and written communication.

410.680 Managerial Finance for Biotechnology i (formerly Financial development for Biotechnology)This course integrates the tools of financial analysis with real-world problems in the technology industries. Topics include modeling, costs and benefits, and ratio and break-even analy-sis. Students will read, prepare, and analyze financial state-ments. The difference between management financial and tax financial statements will also be covered.

410.681 Commercializing BiotechnologyThis advanced course provides an integrated and practical approach to considering the principal areas of concern an entity faces when commercializing biotechnology, from cre-ating or obtaining the technology through partnering with others to further develop and commercialize the technology, and finally selling the business or business line that incorpo-rates that technology. The focus of this course is to highlight key junctures in a biotechnology company’s evolution; help students identify key financial, management, and business issues at those junctures; and present practical alternatives for students to consider to resolve those issues. This course builds upon 410.650 Legal Aspects of Biotechnology and 410.646 Creating a Biotechnology Enterprise, but they are not prereq-uisites for the course.

410.682 Validation in Biotechnology Understanding validation and applying a comprehensive vali-dation philosophy are essential in today’s biotechnology indus-try. First and foremost, validation allows a company to operate in compliance with the regulations and guidance set forth by FDA. Perhaps more importantly, it results in equipment, assays, and processes that are well understood and robust, less prone to failure, and more cost-effective. This course will introduce the fundamentals of validation, validation master

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planning, resource management, types of validation and the associated documentation, departmental roles and interac-tion, and the differences between commissioning and valida-tion. Students will have an opportunity to solve real-world problems, generate actual validation documents, and develop validation program elements that balance regulatory require-ments, operational needs, and business expectations.

410.683 introduction to cgMP ComplianceThere are many sources describing Current Good Manufacturing Practice. The fundamentals are published in the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and in 21 CFR part 211. These regulations, however, only begin to describe the practices required in the pharmaceutical and biotech indus-tries. Additional sources include guidance published by the Food and Drug Administration, EIRs, Form 483s, warning letters and podium comments from FDA speakers. Students will learn the history of the regulations and the Food and Drug Administration. Students will also learn practical solu-tions to the regulatory issues faced in the pharmaceutical and biotech industries today.

410.684 Technology Transfer and Commercialization This course is an introduction to the multidisciplinary aspects involved in the process of bringing technical developments, particularly research emanating from universities and other nonprofit organizations, into commercial use. The course will provide an overview of the key policies, concepts, tools, issues, practices, and trends that are shaping the technology transfer field, with an emphasis on the life sciences sector.

410.685 Societal issues and Public Perception in Biotechnology Biotechnology impacts the world and our social, political, and physical environment in ways many both inside and outside the industry may not fully understand or appreciate. It is crit-ical to ensure that advances in biotechnology be accompanied by important public, political, and social considerations and discussions. This course will cover issues including domestic and global public perception of biotechnology, its benefits and risks, advances in bioagriculture and genetically modified foods, the impact of recombinant therapeutics on the pharma-ceutical and healthcare industry, ways in which advances in biotechnology have and will continue to change our views of what life is, and how the political climate impacts advances in biotechnology discoveries. This highly interactive course will include thought-provoking debate and discussion with indus-try leaders, both proponents and opponents of biotechnology.

410.686 QA/QC for the Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology industriesMany new quality initiatives for drugs, biotech products, and medical devices recently have been introduced. These include risk-based, science-based and systems-based assess-ments. Students will be presented with a comprehensive overview of the current best practices in quality assurance and quality control. Students will also be exposed to the most

recent theories and expectations from the Food and Drug Administration.

410.687 Ethical, legal, and Regulatory Aspects of the Biotechnology EnterpriseThis course provides an overview of the important ethical, legal, and regulatory issues that are critical to the biotechnol-ogy industry. The course is divided into the three sections of ethics, legal issues, and regulations, each section taught by a faculty member who specializes in the area. The three sections are organized to provide basic material in a way that allows for an appreciation of how each influences the others. The sec-tion on ethics introduces students to core ethical values that guide the practice of science in the biotechnology industry. The section on legal issues focuses on key legal concepts, such as protecting inventions and intellectual property, and licens-ing. The section on regulation addresses the range of regula-tory oversight mechanisms with which the biotech industry must comply and strategies for doing so.

410.691 drugs, Medical devices, and governmentIn bringing a food, drug, or medical device to market, Patent Office activities and Food and Drug Administration activi-ties will come into play. The course will explore the admin-istrative roles of each agency and those instances where an intersection or overlap of activities of the agencies occurs. For example, the patentability requirements of utility and enable-ment of therapeutic methods can depend on the onset of clini-cal trials. A major nexus occurs in the regulatory approval of a generic form of a patented ethical or “name brand” drug. The patent holder can have the term of the patent extended as compensation for the often prolonged time to obtain regula-tory approval. Thus, the patent term is extended beyond the 17-year or 20-year term. Conversely, the generic manufac-turer can enter the regulatory process before the patent term expires. Thus, the generic manufacturer legally can make and use the patented invention of another. That is an excused infringement. The earliest generic manufacturer that files an ANDA also may be granted a monopoly period for exclusive sale. The practical aspects associated with the interplay of those two activities will be explored as will the ethical and public policy issues raised by the two activities.

406.670 Crisis ManagementThis course will provide students with a fundamental under-standing of crisis management, risk communications, media relations and public opinion research techniques in the context of the worldwide controversy over biotechnology. Students will be introduced to crisis management principles, strategies, tactics, and communications methods that will enable them to predict, manage, and control real-world controversies they may confront as they pursue careers in biotechnology. Course participants will work as a team to develop a biotechnology-specific crisis management plan for analysis and discussion, and will also have the opportunity to hone their communications skills by participating in practice media interviews during in-class sessions.

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Master of Science in BioinformaticsJoint OfferingZanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences Advanced Academic Programs and Whiting School of Engineering Engineering and Applied Science Programs for Professionals

Johns Hopkins University has developed an innovative gradu-ate program that prepares bioscience professionals for success in bioinformatics. Drawing from the strengths of the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences and the Whiting School of Engineering, this program fully integrates the computer science, bioscience, and bioinformatics needed to pursue a career in this dynamic field.

This program is designed for working adults. All classes are offered in the evening or on weekends. Online classes offer students additional flexibility in scheduling. Students take 11 courses to complete degree requirements, five core courses, four concentration courses, an elective from bioscience and an elective from computer science. After completion of the core and concentration courses, students may choose an indepen-dent study project as one or both of their electives. Students have up to five years to complete the program.

Fully Online MS in BioinformaticsIn order to meet the needs of students who require flexibil-ity in scheduling or who cannot relocate to the Baltimore/ Washington area, we now offer an option to complete the MS in Bioinformatics degree fully online. Our unique model for online education ensures students the same academic pro-gram as our onsite students and engages students through a variety of asynchronous interactions. Students interact with the instructor and other students through threaded discus-sions, group projects, and informal meetings such as chats and question and answer sessions. Course content is delivered via text notes, power point, narrated power point, and streaming video in order to meet the needs of various learning styles. For more information please go to our website http://advanced .jhu.edu/biotechnology/bioinformatics_online.cfm.

Program CommitteeThe program committee oversees the admissions, policy, and operations of the MS in Bioinformatics. The program com-mittee members are:

Victor Corces, ProfessorDepartment of Biology Chair, Advanced Biotechnology Studies, Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Ralph Semmel, Co-chairComputer Science Program, Whiting School of Engineering Engineering and Applied Science Programs for Professionals

Edwin Addison, EPP CoordinatorComputer Science Program, Whiting School of Engineering Engineering and Applied Science Programs for Professionals

Kristina Obom, Associate Program Chair Advanced Biotechnology Studies, Advanced Academic Programs, Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Patrick Cummings, Senior Associate Program ChairAdvanced Biotechnology Studies, Advanced Academic Programs, Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Admission Requirements

Credentials and Prerequisite Courses

• an undergraduate degree in the biological sciences or in engineering with at least a 3.0 on a 4.0 scale (relevant work experiences are also considered); an applicant with less than the required GPA may be admitted as a provi-sional student. All the prerequisites listed below can be taken from the existing Master of Science in Computer Science or in the Master of Science in Biotechnology program. Students who have not completed all the pre-requisites may be admitted provisionally to complete the admission requirements.

• two semesters of Organic Chemistry (or 410.302 Bio-Organic Chemistry)

• one semester of Biochemistry (or 410.601 Biochemistry)

• introduction to Programming Using Java, C++, or C (or 605.201 Introduction to Programming Using Java)

• Data Structures (or 605.202 Data Structures)

• one course in Probability and Statistics or (410.645 Biostatistics) and Calculus

• The admissions committee reserves the right to request additional information from applicants, if needed, to assess their candidacy for admission.


• a resume or curriculum vitae

• official undergraduate transcript


• TOEFL score for international students

Admission Status Please see Student Status for descriptions and criteria of the different categories of student status.

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Course Requirements

Core Courses (5 total)410.602 Molecular Biology

410.610 Gene Organization and Expression

605.421 Foundations of Algorithms

605.441 Principles of Database Systems

or


410.633 Computers in Molecular Biology

or

605.452 Biological Databases and Database Tools

Concentration Classes (choose 4)


410.639 Protein Bioinformatics


410.661 Methods in Proteomics 410.666 Genome Sequencing and Analysis 410.671 Microarrays and Analysis 410.698 Bioperl 605.451 Principles of Computational Biology 605.751 Computational Aspects of Molecular Structure 605.752 Simulation of Biological and Complex Structures 605.753 Computational Genomics 605.754 Analysis of Gene Expression

605.755 Systems Biology

Electives (one from Computer Science and one from Biotechnology)

Computer Science605.401 Foundations of Software Engineering

605.443 Organization of Data and Files

605.481 Distributed Development on the WWW

605.482 User Interface Development with the Java Foundation Classes

605.704 Object Oriented Analysis and Design 605.706 The Software Development Process

605.741 Distributed Database Systems on the WWW

605.742 XML: Technology and Applications

605.746 Machine Learning and Data Mining

605.747 Evolutionary Computation

605.781 Distributed Objects

605.782 Web Applications Development with Servlets

and JavaServer Pages 605.783 Reusable Software Components with JavaBeans

605.759 Independent Research Project in Bioinformatics

Biotechnology410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I

410.604 Advanced Cell Biology II

410.612 Human Molecular Genetics

410.613 Principles of Immunology


410.616 Virology

410.622 Molecular Basis of Pharmacology

410.629 Genes and Disease

410.630 Gene Therapy


410.638 Cancer Biology


410.648 Clinical Trial Design and Conduct

410.800 Independent Research Project in Biotechnology

Course descriptionsPrerequisite Courses605.201 introduction to Programming Using JavaThe objective of this course is to allow students without a background in software development to become proficient programmers who are prepared for a follow-on course in data structures. The Java language will be used to introduce foun-dational topics including basic syntax, primitive data types, iteration, conditional expressions, arrays, object references, methods, exception handling, and an introduction to object oriented programming. Students will learn problem-solving techniques and gain experience detecting and correcting soft-ware errors though several programming assignments. The course will also cover the standard libraries for string process-ing, mathematical routines, and input and output streams.

Prerequisites: One year of college mathematics

605.202 data StructuresThis course investigates abstract data types (ADTs), recursion, algorithms for searching and sorting, and basic algorithm analysis. ADTs to be covered include lists, stacks, queues, priority queues, trees, sets, and dictionaries. The emphasis is on the trade-offs associated with implementing alternative data structures for these ADTs. There will be four or five sub-stantial Java programming assignments. NOTE: This course DOES NOT count toward the Master of Science in Computer Science degree.

Prerequisites: One year of college mathematics and 605.201 Introduction to Programming using Java or equivalent

410.302 Bio-Organic ChemistryThis course provides a foundation in structural organic chem-istry, acid base chemistry, chemical thermodynamics, and reac-tion mechanisms. Subjects include Lewis structures, atomic and hybridized orbitals, stereochemistry, inter- and intramo-

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lecular forces of attraction, neucleophilic reaction mechanisms, functional groups, and the organic chemistry of biological molecules. Please note that this course does not count toward requirements for the master’s degree in biotechnology.

Prerequisite: Two semesters of general or inorganic college chemistry

410.601 BiochemistryThis course explores the roles of essential biological mol-ecules focusing on protein chemistry, while covering lipids and carbohydrates. It provides a systematic and methodi-cal application of general and organic chemistry principles. Students examine the structure of proteins, their function, their binding to other molecules and the methodologies for the purification and characterization of proteins. Enzymes and their kinetics and mechanisms are covered in detail. Metabolic pathways are examined from thermodynamic and regulatory perspectives. This course provides the linkage between the inanimate world of chemistry and the living world of biology.

410.645 BiostatisticsThis course introduces statistical concepts and analytical methods as applied to data encountered in biotechnology and biomedical sciences. It emphasizes the basic concepts of experimental design, quantitative analysis of data, and statistical inferences. Topics include probability theory and distributions; population parameters and their sample esti-mates; descriptive statistics for central tendency and disper-sion; hypothesis testing and confidence intervals for means, variances, and proportions; the chi-square statistic; categorical data analysis; linear correlation and regression model; analysis of variance; and nonparametric methods. The course provides students a foundation to evaluate information critically to support research objectives and product claims and a better understanding of statistical design of experimental trials for biological products/devices.

Prerequisites: Basic mathematics (algebra); scientific calculator

Core Courses410.602 Molecular Biology This course provides a comprehensive overview of the key concepts in molecular biology. Topics include nucleic acid structure and function, DNA replication, transcription, trans-lation, chromosome structure and remodeling and regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Extended topics include methods in recombinant DNA technology, microarrays, and microRNA.

Prerequisite: 410.601 Biochemistry

410.610 gene Organization and ExpressionStudents use genetic analysis and molecular biology techniques to investigate chromosome organization, chromatin structure, functional genomics, and mechanisms of differential gene expression. Other topics include DNA methylation, silencers, enhancers, genomic imprinting, and microarray analysis.


410.633 Computers in Molecular BiologyRetrieval and analysis of electronic information are essential in today’s research environment. This course explores the theory and practice of biological database searching and analysis. In particular, students are introduced to integrated systems where a variety of data sources are connected through World Wide Web access. Information retrieval as well as interpreta-tion are discussed and many practical examples in a computer laboratory setting enable students to improve their data min-ing skills. Methods included in the course are searching the biomedical literature, sequence homology searching and mul-tiple alignment, protein sequence motif analysis, and several genome analytical methods. Classes are held in a computer laboratory. Acquaintance with computers is required.


410.634 Practical Computer Concepts for Bioinformatics This course introduces students with a background in the life sciences to the basic computing concepts of the UNIX oper-ating system, relational databases, structured programming, object-oriented programming, and the Internet. Included is an introduction to SQL and the Perl scripting language. The course emphasizes relevance to molecular biology and bioinformatics. It is intended for students with no computer programming background but with a solid knowledge of molecular biology.


605.421 Foundations of AlgorithmsThis follow-on course to data structures (e.g., 605.202) provides a survey of computer algorithms and examines fundamental techniques in algorithm design and analysis. Topics include advanced data structures (red-black and 2-3-4 trees), recursion and induction, algorithm analysis and com-putational complexity (recurrence relations, big-Onotation), sorting and searching, string processing (Boyer-Moore, Knuth-Morris-Pratt, and pattern matching), graph algo-rithms (depth-first and breadth-first search, connectivity, union-find, minimum spanning trees, and network flow), and computational geometry (points, lines, polygons, and convex hull). Selected advanced topics (dynamic programming and NP-complete problems) are also introduced. Grading is based on problem sets, programming projects, and examinations.

Prerequisites: Working knowledge of data structures and Java, C++, or C

605.441 Principles of database SystemsThis course examines the underlying concepts and theory of database management systems. Topics include database system architectures, data models, query languages, concep-tual and logical database design, physical organization, and transaction management. The entity-relationship model and relational model are investigated in detail, object-oriented databases are introduced, and legacy systems based on the net-work and hierarchical models are briefly described. Mappings from the conceptual level to the logical level, integrity con-

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straints, dependencies, and normalization are studied as a basis for formal design. Theoretical languages such as the relational algebra and the relational calculus are described, and high-level languages such as SQL and QBE are discussed. An overview of file organization and access methods is pro-vided as a basis for discussion of heuristic query optimization techniques. Finally, transaction processing techniques are presented with a specific emphasis on concurrency control and database recovery.

605.452 Biological databases and database Tools

The sequencing of the human genome and the emerging intense interest in proteomics and molecular structure have caused an enormous explosion in the need for biological databases. The first half of this course surveys a wide range of biological databases and their access tools and seeks to develop proficiency in their use. These may include general sequence databases such as GenBank and SWISS-PROT as well as more specialized databases such as those on protein structure, enzymes, biomolecular pathways, human gene indi-ces, and genomes of other organisms. The second half of the course focuses on the design of biological databases including the computational methods to create the underlying data, as well as the special requirements of biological databases such as interoperability, complex data structures consisting of very long strings, object orientation, efficient interaction with computational operators, parallel and distributed stor-age, secure transactions, and fast recall. Practical issues of data capture and integration will be explored, including data captured by DNA arrays. The emerging SBML standard will be discussed. Students will create their own small database as a project for the course as well as complete homework assign-ments using databases. Students will become familiar with needed software tools such as Unix, Perl, XML, CGI, and CORBA as necessary, as well as search methodologies such as BLAST and FASTA.

Prerequisites: 605.441 Principles of Database Systems or a work-ing knowledge of SQL and some knowledge of molecular biology or bioinformatics

Concentration Courses410.635 Bioinformatics: Tools for genome Analysis

Several large-scale DNA sequencing efforts have resulted in megabase amounts of DNA sequences being deposited in public databases. As such, the sequences are of less use than those sequences that are fully annotated. To assign annotations such as exon boundaries, repeat regions, and other biologically relevant information accurately in the feature tables of these sequences requires a significant amount of human interven-tion. This course instructs students on computer analytical methods for gene identification, promoter analysis, and intro-ductory gene expression analysis using software methods. Additionally, students are introduced to comparative genom-ics and proteomic analysis methods. Students will become proficient in annotating large genomic DNA sequences.

Students complete two large sequence analysis projects during the course.

Prerequisites: Bioinformatics core courses

410.639 Protein BioinformaticsBecause the gap between the number of protein sequences and the number of protein crystal structures continues to expand, protein structural predictions are increasingly important. This course provides a working knowledge of various computer-based tools available for predicting the structure and function of proteins. Topics include protein database searching, protein physicochemical properties, secondary structure prediction, and statistical verification. Also covered are graphic visualization of the different types of three-dimensional folds and predicting 3-D structures by homology. Computer laboratories comple-ment material presented in lectures.


410.640 Phylogenetics and Comparative genomicsThis course will provide a practical, hands-on introduc-tion to the study of phylogenetics and comparative genom-ics. Theoretical background on molecular evolution will be provided only as needed to inform the comparative analysis of genomic data. The emphasis of the course will be placed squarely on the understanding and use of a variety of com-putational tools designed to extract meaningful biological information from molecular sequences. Lectures will provide information on the conceptual essence of the algorithms that underlie various sequence analysis tools and the rationale behind their use. Only programs that are freely available, as either downloadable executables or as web servers, will be used in this course. Students will be encouraged to use the programs and approaches introduced in the course to address questions relevant to their own work.


410.661 Methods in ProteomicsThis course covers the analytical methods used to separate and characterize pharmaceutical compounds (predominantly proteins) derived through biotechnology. While emphasis is placed on the general principles and applicability of the meth-ods, current protocols are discussed, and problem sets repre-senting realistic developmental challenges are assigned. Topics include chromatography (HPLC, SEC, IEC), electrophoretic techniques (2-D gel electrophoresis), spectroscopic methods (UV/Vis, fluorescence, CD), analytical ultracentrifugation, microarrays, mass spectroscopy, amino acid analysis, sequenc-ing, and methods to measure protein-protein interactions.


410.666 genomic Sequencing and AnalysisThe completion of the human genome sequence is just the latest achievement in genome sequencing. Armed with the complete genome sequence, scientists need to identify the genes encoded within, to assign functions to the genes, and to put these into functional and metabolic pathways. This course

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will provide an overview of the laboratory and computational techniques beginning with genome sequencing and annota-tion, extending to bioinformatics analysis and comparative genomics and including functional genomics.


410.671 Microarrays and Analysis This course will focus on the analysis and visualization of microarray data. The general aim is to introduce students to the various techniques and issues involved with analyz-ing multivariate expression data. Additionally, students will visualize the results in modern statistical scripting software. Topics include detecting and attributing sources of data variability, determining differentially expressed genes with relevant statistical tests, and controlling for false positive discovery (multiple test corrections, permutations, etc.). An introduction to linear and non-linear dimension reduction methods (PCA, PLS, isometric feature mapping, etc.) and an introduction to common pattern recognition (clustering), classification, and discrimination techniques will be included. Assignments and concepts will make use of publicly available Affymetrix and cDNA microarray data sets. Examples will mostly be demonstrated in S-plus and R (publicly available) code, with some in SAS. Free demo software tools such as Minitab, Spotfire, TreeView, Expression Profiler, and web UIs will also be utilized.


410.698 Bioperl This course builds on the Perl concepts taught in 410.634 Practical Computer Concepts for Bioinformatics. Perl has emerged as the language of choice for the manipulation of bioinformatics data. Bioperl, a set of object-oriented modules that implements common bioinformatics tasks, has been developed to aid biologists in sequence analysis. The course will include an overview of the principal features of Bioperl and give students extensive opportunity to use Perl and the tools of Bioperl to solve problems in molecular biology sequence analysis.


605.451 Principles of Computational BiologyThis course is an interdisciplinary introduction to com-putational methods used to solve important problems in DNA and protein sequence analysis. The course focuses on algorithms but includes material to provide the necessary biological background for science and engineering students. Algorithms to be covered include dynamic programming for sequence alignment, such as Smith-Waterman, FASTA, and BLAST; hidden Markov models, such as the forward, Viterbi, and expectation maximization algorithms; and a range of genefinding algorithms; phylogeny tree construction; and clustering algorithms.


605.751 Computational Aspects of Molecular Structure This course focuses on computational methods for studying the structure of protein and RNA. Methods for annotation of protein structure and function are studied in depth. In particular, students study and apply various algorithms for secondary and tertiary protein structure prediction, struc-ture-structure comparison, protein domain classification, and annotation of functionally important sites. Interesting aspects of biological networks are also discussed.


605.752 Simulation of Biological and Complex SystemsThis course applies the theory of complex systems modeling to biological problems. To date, biological sciences have been extremely reductionisitic, generating an enormous amount of disparate descriptive knowledge. A need is emerging to explore the integration of how these “parts” fit together through the use of new computational tools. This course surveys modeling and simulation techniques as applied to applications such as bimolecular pathways, genetic networks, physiological models of aspects of cardiac or brain functions, and various related complex systems. Simulation techniques will be explored including cellular automata, Monte Carlo models, event-driven and object oriented simulation, chaos theory, and complex systems models. Parallel and distrib-uted implementations will be discussed. The topic of system identification will be introduced. The course is intended as a primer for both computational biologists and computer sci-entists interested in complex simulation. The course requires reading research literature and a small simulation project as part of an overall class project.


605.753 Computational genomics This course focuses on current problems of computational genomics. Topics include computational aspects of genome sequencing and assembly; genome annotation including finding genes in DNA sequence data, identifying biological functions and finding regulatory features such as ribosome binding sites, terminators, and operons; analysis of microar-ray data; and computational approaches to study genomes and their evolution including analysis of nucleotide and codon usage, gene order conservation, genes and genomes duplica-tions, building and interpreting phylogenetic trees, and pre-dicting lateral gene transfer events.


605.754 Analysis of gene Expression The rapid popularization of microarray technology has led to an explosion in the collection of gene expression data. This course covers statistical methods and software tools for the analysis of gene expression data. Topics include an overview of microarray technologies, experimental design, normalization, differential expression, clustering, and genetic networks. Both static and time series gene expression data will be considered. The student will develop expertise in both the underlying

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statistical theory and the use of software packages to conduct data analysis. Students will complete a microarray data analy-sis project. As time permits, advanced topics such as relevance networks, reverse engineering of gene regulatory networks, protein chips, and functional genomics will be discussed.


605.755 Systems Biology This course considers types of biological information (e.g., DNA, RNA, proteins, protein interactions, biomodules, cells, and tissues) and their relationships to one another to obtain a system view. Network models for cellular models includ-ing Boolean, differential equations based, and stochastic are explored. Topics include an overview of control theory for bio-informatics, computational models of metabolism, biological signaling pathways, gene regulatory networks, systems analy-sis of network models, and system identification of network models from data and pathway knowledge. Students will develop a model of a cellular pathway as a course project.

Prerequisites: Bioinformatics core courses and differential equations

ElectivesComputer Science Electives (choose one)

605.401 Foundations of Software Engineering Fundamental software engineering techniques and meth-odologies commonly used during software development are studied. Topics include various life cycle models, project plan-ning and estimation, requirements analysis, program design, construction, testing, maintenance and implementation, software measurement, and software quality. Emphasized are structured and object-oriented analysis and design techniques, use of process and data models, modular principles of software design, and a systematic approach to testing and debugging. The importance of problem specification, programming style, periodic reviews, documentation, thorough testing, and ease of maintenance are covered.

605.443 Organization of data and Files This course explores the trade-offs among various types of data structures, file structures, and storage devices. Data structures discussed include matrices (sequential, triangular, sparse, and techniques for storing them); trees (binary trees, analysis of techniques for storing them, traversal algorithms and their implementation, application of trees to compilers, operating systems and file structures, and threaded trees); strings and pattern matching algorithms; and networks (application and garbage collection algorithms). The most frequently used indexing techniques (B-trees and hashing) are discussed and compared. Distributed file systems and com-mercially available file systems are discussed. Topics in stor-age management include Best-Fit, First-Fit, Buddy System, storage fragmentation, and storage liberation algorithms. The advantages and disadvantages of the following file structures are analyzed: sequential, tree, indexed sequential, random, and inverted. The capacity and performance of the following

storage devices are discussed: tape, disks, and mass storage. The course includes a laboratory.

Prerequisite: A basic knowledge of statistics.

605.481 distributed development on the World Wide WebThis course examines three major topics in the development of applications for the World Wide Web. The first is web site development using HTML and related standards. The second is the implementation of client-side applications using the Java programming language, including user interface development, asynchronous event handling, multi-threaded programming, and network programming. Distributed object protocols via RMI or CORBA and distributed database access via JDBC may also be introduced. The third topic is the design of server-side web applications, for which students will examine the underlying web protocol (HTTP), the develop-ment of clientside interfaces (e.g., via HTML forms), and the implementation of server-side programs (e.g., via Java servlets or traditional CGI).

605.482 User interface development with the Java Foundation Classes This course focuses on developing graphical user interfaces using the Java 2 Platform “Swing” tool kit. Topics include asynchronous event handling, the new “peerless” graphical objects, windows (frames, panels, dialog boxes, etc.), GUI controls (such as buttons, menus, stylized text editors, fonts, and tables), using layout managers to make page layout more flexible, the new Model-View-Controller architecture, design-ing printing services, and building custom components. Advanced topics may include integrating AWT and JFC com-ponents, multi-threading issues, designing a custom look-and-feel, drag and drop, and the new 2-D drawing model.

Prerequisite: 605.481 Distributed Development on the World Wide Web, or significant Java experience

605.704 Object-Oriented Analysis and design This course introduces the fundamental principles of object-oriented approaches to modeling software requirements and design. Topics include strategies for identifying objects and classes of objects, specification of software requirements and design, the design of class hierarchies, software reuse considerations, graphical notations, such as UML; system implementation using object-oriented and object-based programming languages, and comparison of object-oriented approaches to more traditional approaches based on functional decomposition. Case studies are used to illustrate and rein-force the underlying concepts.

Prerequisite: Experience in object-oriented programming using a lan-guage such as Java or C++.

605.706 The Software development Process The software development process is examined in this course. The key to good software engineering lies just as much in the process that is followed as in the purely technical regime. This course will show how good a software development process is

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and how to make a software process better by studying suc-cessful techniques that have been employed to produce correct software within budget. Topics are explored in a sequence designed to reflect the way one would choose to implement process improvements. These topics include steps to initiate process change, methods to establish control over the software process, ways to specify the development process, methods for quantitative process control, and how to focus on problem prevention. Students will prepare term projects.

Prerequisite: One software engineering course beyond 605.401 Foundations of Software Engineering

605.741 distributed database Systems on the World Wide Web This course investigates principles of distributed database systems, including design and architecture, query processing, transaction management, locking, recovery, and RAID tech-nology. The course also covers JDBC programming through a variety of interfaces including stand-alone Java programs, Java applets on web browsers, and Common Gateway Interface programs on web browsers. The course blends theory with practice, and students will use distributed database concepts to develop JDBC applications and JDBC drivers for imple-menting web-based distributed databases.

Prerequisites: 605.441 Principles of Database Systems, and 605.481 Distributed Development on the World Wide Web or equivalent knowledge of Java and HTML

605.742 XMl: Technology and ApplicationThis course covers the concepts, technology, and applications of XML (Extensible Markup Language), especially to web- based technologies. The course concentrates on XML funda-mentals and associated technologies, and processing XML using Java. Topics covered include the XML Specification; XML Namespaces; Document Type Definitions (DTDs); XML Schemas; XML Transformation (XSLT); XML Links and XML Pointers; and parsing XML using the Document Object Model (DOM) and Simple API (Application Programming Interface) for XML (SAX), the Java API for XML Processing (JAXP), and the Java Document Object Model (JDOM). Additional topics may be drawn from Cascading Style Sheets (CSS); XQuery; the Simple Object-Oriented Protocol (SOAP); Web Services Description Language (WSDL); Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI); applications of XML such as RDF; and the architecture of Web Service, EAI, and B2B systems using XML. (This course is the same as 635.781 XML: Technology and Applications.)

Prerequisite: 605.481 or equivalent Java experience

605.746 Machine learning and data Mining This course focuses on current topics in machine learning with applications to data mining and data analysis. Topics include data and information modeling, statistical modeling, classification induction techniques (e.g., k-nearest neighbor, decision-trees and neural networks), and knowledge discov-ery (e.g., conceptual clustering, constructive induction, and

Bayesian learning). The topics will be discussed in the context of current and emerging data mining methods and applica-tions. Students will participate in seminar discussions and will complete and present the results of an individual project.

Prerequisite: 605.445 Artificial Intelligence is recommended, but not required

605.747 Evolutionary ComputationThis course explores how evolutionary principles can be used to construct systems that exhibit nontrivial behavior with a focus on genetic algorithms, genetic programming, and artificial life. Specific topics include representation and sche-mata; selection, reproduction, and recombination; the schema theorem; optimal allocation of trials (i.e., bandit problems); classifiers and other rule-based approaches; optimization; reinforcement learning; evolution of programs; and emergent behavior. Students will participate in seminar discussions and will complete and present the results of an individual project.

Prerequisite: 605.445 Artificial Intelligence is recommended, but not required

605.781 distributed Objects This course provides an introduction to the development of client/server and peer-to-peer applications using distributed technology. The course focuses on the services and facilities provided by object-oriented middleware systems such as CORBA, COM, and Java/RMI. Topics include interface defi-nition languages (IDL), static and dynamic invocation inter-faces, object references, distributed resource optimization, and concurrency control. Students will develop software in C++ for both homework and a project.

Prerequisites: 605.404 Object-Oriented Programming with C++ or equivalent experience

605.782 Web Application development with Servlets and JavaServer Pages (JSP) This project-oriented course investigates techniques for build-ing server-side programs for dynamically generated web sites, electronic commerce, web-enabled enterprise computing, and other applications that require WWW access to server-based resources. Particular attention will be paid to methods for making server-side applications efficient, maintainable, and flexible. Topics include handling HTTP request information, generating HTTP response data, processing cookies, tracking sessions, designing custom JSP tag libraries, and separating content from presentation through use of JavaBeans compo-nents and the MVC (Model 2) architecture.

Prerequisite: 605.481 or equivalent Java experience

605.783 Reusable Software Components with JavaBeans This course covers the architecture, design, and development of software components that can be instantiated, custom-ized, and interconnected. The main topics include compo-nent architectures, design patterns, internal mechanisms of the JavaBeans API, the bean development kie (BDK), bean properties, event handling, introspection, customization, the

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bean deployment mechanism, and persistence. In addition, advanced JDK 1.2 Extended JavaBeans capabilities, distrib-uted components, security issues, and printing will be dis-cussed. A comparison of JavaBeans to other component-based technologies will also be presented.

Prerequisites: 605.481 Distributed Development on the WWW or equivalent

605.759 independent Project in Bioinformatics This course is for students who would like to carry out a significant project in bioinformatics as part of their graduate program. The course may be used to conduct minor research, an in-depth literature survey, or a software implementa-tion related to recent developments in the field. Students who enroll in this course are encouraged to attend at least one industry conference in bioinformatics related to their area of study. To enroll in this course, the student must be within two courses of degree completion and must obtain the approval and support of a sponsoring faculty member.

Biotechnology Electives (choose one)

410.603 Advanced Cell Biology iThis course covers cell organization and subcellular structure. Students examine the evolution of the cell, chromosome and plasma membrane structures and behaviors, mechanics of cell division, sites of macromolecular synthesis and processing, transport across cell membranes, cell dynamics, organelle bio-genesis, and cell specialization. Students also are introduced to the experimental techniques used in cell biology to study cell growth, manipulation, and evaluation.

410.604 Advanced Cell Biology iiThis course is a continuation of 410.603 (Advanced Cell Biology I) and further explores cell organization and subcel-lular structure. Students examine cell-to-cell signaling that involves hormones and receptors, signal transduction path-ways, second messenger molecules, cell adhesion, extracellular matrix, cell cycle, programmed cell death, methylation of DNA and modification of chromatic structure, and mecha-nisms of the cell. The involvement of abnormalities in signal transduction pathways to oncogenesis and other disease states will be stressed.


410.612 Human Molecular geneticsIn this course students learn to use the tools of modern genomics to elucidate phenotypic variation within popula-tions. The course uses human disease (from simple Mendelian disorders to common complex disorders) to exemplify the types of studies and tools that can be used to characterize cel-lular pathophysiology as well as to provide genetic diagnostics and therapies. Students become facile with linkage analysis, cancer genetics, microarray analysis (oligo and DNA arrays), gene therapy, SNP studies, imprinting, dis-equilibrium

mapping, and ethical dilemmas associated with the Human Genome Project.


410.615 MicrobiologyThis course is an overview of microorganisms important in clinical diseases and biotechnology. Students are introduced to the general concepts concerning the morphology, genetics, and reproduction of these microbial agents. Lectures focus on individual organisms with emphasis on infectious dis-eases, biotechnology applications, molecular and biochemical characteristics, and molecular and serological identification methods. Students will also discuss the impact biotechnology, and particularly genomics, will have on the development of antibiotics and vaccines as treatment and preventive measures.


410.616 VirologyThis course covers the advanced study of viruses with regard to the basic, biochemical, molecular, epidemiological, clini-cal, and biotechnological aspects of animal viruses primar-ily and bacteriophage, plant viruses, viroids, prions, and unconventional agents secondarily. Specific areas of virology, including viral structure and assembly, viral replication, viral recombination and evolution, virus-host interactions, viral transformation, gene therapy, antiviral drugs, and vaccines, are presented. The major animal virus families are discussed individually with respect to classification, genomic structure, virion structure, virus cycle, pathogenesis, clinical features, epidemiology, immunity, and control. The viral vectors and their applications in biotechnology are discussed.


410.622 Molecular Basis of PharmacologyThis course begins by reviewing receptor binding and enzyme kinetics. Various cellular receptors and their physiology are discussed as well as the pharmacological agents used to define and affect the receptor’s function. Students study the phar-macology of cell surface receptors and intracellular receptors. Also considered are the drugs that affect enzymes.


410.629 genes and diseaseBecause of recent advances, powerful diagnostic tests now detect genetic diseases, and there is promise of gene replace-ment therapy. In this course students cover general genetic principles, DNA tools for genetic analysis, cytogenetics, gene mapping, the molecular basis of genetic diseases, animal mod-els, immunogenetics, genetics of development, genetics of cancer, and treatment of genetic diseases. Molecular methods of analysis are emphasized.


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410.630 gene TherapyStudents are introduced to gene transfer, its technical evolution, and its testing through clinical studies. Gene therapy holds promise for both genetic diseases and acquired diseases such as cancer and AIDS. The health, safety, and ethical issues surround-ing gene therapy are discussed, together with the review and oversight systems established to regulate this therapy. Students also consider how industry is developing these techniques, both in new start-up companies as well as in established biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies. An overview of proprietary and patent issues in gene therapy is part of the course.


410.632 Emerging infectious diseases This course focuses on emerging infectious diseases from many different perspectives. The maladies addressed range from diseases that have reappeared in altered genetic forms, such as the influenza virus and the West Nile virus, to the lethal hemorrhagic fever caused by the Ebola virus. Also discussed is the threat of recombinant and ancient infectious agents such as Bacillus anthracis, causative agent of anthrax, which can be used in biological warfare weapons. Opinions from noted scientists and leaders concerning emerging dis-eases and the prospects for battling them successfully provide scientific and social perspective.


410.638 Cancer BiologyThis course provides students with knowledge of the fun-damental principles of the molecular and cellular biology of cancer cells. Lectures and demonstrations explain the role of growth factors, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, angiogen-esis, and signal transduction mechanisms in tumor formation. Discussion of aspects of cancer epidemiology, prevention, and principles of drug action in cancer management is part of the course.


410.641 Clinical and Molecular diagnosticsThis course covers basic concepts and practical applications of modern laboratory diagnostic techniques. Topics include the principles of testing methodology, quality assurance, and the application of molecular methods to the clinical and research laboratory. The test methods to be covered include nucleic acid-based methods such as hybridization, amplification, and sequencing; non-nucleic acid methods such as HPLC, GLC, and protein analysis; and technologies such as PFGE, ribotyp-ing, RFLP, and serological testing methodologies. In addition to the test procedures, students are exposed to aspects of statis-tics, quality control, regulatory issues, and applications of these methods to the diagnosis and prognosis of human disease.


410.648 Clinical Trial design and ConductThrough a case study approach, this course will cover the basic design issues of clinical trials. The design of specific tri-als will be studied to illustrate the major issues in the design of these studies, such as end point definition, control group selection, and eligibility criteria. The course also covers the analysis of these studies, including approaches that are central to clinical trials, such as stratified analysis, adjustment factors, and “intention-to-treat” analysis. The analytical techniques will include the analysis of correlated data (i.e., clustered data, longitudinal data), survival analysis using the propor-tional hazards (Cox) regression model, and linear models. The course will also cover various aspects of statistical computing, including organizing data, data management, and perform-ing analysis using computer software. The ethical reporting of clinical trial results will also be covered with reference to the medical research literature.

Prerequisites: 410.651 Clinical Development of Drugs and Biologics; 410-645 Biostatistics (or equivalent)

410.800 independent Research in Biotechnology Students in the biotechnology program have the opportunity to enroll in an independent research course. This elective course is an option after a student has completed at least eight graduate-level courses and has compiled a strong academic record. Prior to proposing a project, interested students must have identified a research topic and a mentor who is familiar with their prospective inquiry and who is willing to provide guidance and oversee the project. The research project must be independent of current work-related responsibilities as determined by the project mentor. The mentor may be a fac-ulty member teaching in the biotechnology program, a super-visor from the student’s place of work, or any expert with appropriate credentials. Students are required to submit a formal proposal for review and approval by the biotechnology program committee. The proposal must be received by the Advanced Academic Programs office no later than one month prior to the beginning of the term in which the student wants to enroll in the course. Students must meet with a member of the program committee periodically for discussion of the project’s progress, and a written document must be completed and approved by the program committee and project mentor for the student to receive graduate credit. Additional guide-lines can be obtained from the AAP administrative office.

Prerequisites : All four core courses and four elective courses

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Master of Science in Biotechnology/Master of Business AdministrationJoint Degree ProgramZanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences Advanced Academic Programs and School of Professional Studies in Business and Education

Johns Hopkins University has developed the first joint degree graduate program that prepares bioscience professionals for success in both the science and business of biotechnology. Drawing from the strengths of the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences and School of Professional Studies in Business and Education, this innovative program allows stu-dents to earn two advanced degrees in less time than it takes to earn them separately.

For more information on the Biotechnology MS/MBA joint degree program at Johns Hopkins University, visit the website at advanced.jhu.edu/, call 202-452-1940 or email [email protected].

Applicants must meet the following criteria to be considered for the MS/MBA Biotechnology:• a bachelor’s degree from a regionally accredited college or

university. Additional materials are required for international students.

• strong communication and computer skills.

• two semesters of college general chemistry, preferably with laboratories.

• two semesters of college organic chemistry, however, stu-dents without this coursework may be admitted provision-ally but must complete Bio-organic Chemistry.

• a minimum of two years of full-time progressive work experience after completion of undergraduate studies.

Documents Required• completed application form:

http://advanced.jhu.edu/biotechnology/ApplicationMSMBA.pdf

• nonrefundable application fee: $75 U.S.

• official transcripts from all college studies

• GMAT or GRE is required for those students who do not hold a degree beyond a baccalaureate. Students who take five or more courses in the MS in Biotechnology, and receive an A or B, are waived from taking the GRE or the GMAT.

• current résumé or curriculum vitae

• two letters of recommendation: advanced.jhu.edu/biotechnology RecommendationFormMSMBA.pdf

• typed essay (see application form for directions)

international ApplicantsApplicants whose native language is not English and who have graduated from a college or university where English is not the language of instruction must take the TOEFL, with a minimum score of 220 on the computer-based or 560 on the paper-based test.

Currently, international applicants to the MS/MBA Biotechnology program are not eligible for the I-20 form (certificate of eligibility) needed to obtain an F-1 student visa. In order to qualify for the F-1 visa, a student is required to be enrolled full-time. Full-time status/full course of study is defined at the Johns Hopkins University School of Professional Studies in Business and Education (SPSBE) as enrolled in minimally nine credits each fall and nine cred-its each spring semester for graduate study. At the present time, the maximum number of credits offered per semester in this degree program is seven or less. Consequently, an F-1 student would not be able to meet their full-time require-ments as defined by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) regulations. If an international is interested in obtaining a nonimmigrant visa type other than an F visa, he/she should contact the U.S. embassy in their home country. Students who have visa- or immigration-related questions may contact the International and Disability Services office (IDS) at [email protected] or 410-872-1210/1-800-811-7585, option 6.

Course descriptions

410.607 Proseminar in Biotechnology

(This course is open only to MS/MBA students)This is the first course for all students in the Master of Science in Biotechnology/Master of Business Administration. The Biotechnology Proseminar introduces students to issues and challenges facing leaders of public and private sector organiza-tions, and communities seeking to achieve shared goals within the biotechnology industry. The course brings together diverse academic science and business disciplines (science, regulatory affairs, marketing, finance, legal, ethics, communications, etc). It explores how these disciplines can be used as powerful tools to create effective leadership, and productive collaborations within the industry, while improving managerial decision making. The Proseminar frames and integrates the combined MS.MBA Biotechnology content, methods, and tools of inquiry and analysis.

See Master of Science in Biotechnology for KSAS course descriptions. Contact [email protected] for SPSBE course descrip-tions.

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Curriculum Sequence Fall CohortYear i

FallBiotechnology ProSeminar (4 credits) (410.607) Accounting for Decision-Making in Biotechnology (3 credits) (759.601) Foundations of Moral Leadership (1 credit) (761.624)

January intensive Managerial Communications (3 credits) (761.700)

SpringBiochemistry (4 credits) (410.601) Managerial Finance for Biotechnology I (4 credits) (759.602) Legal Issues in Biotechnology (2 credits) (759.709)

Summer Molecular Biology (4 credits) (410.602)

Year ii

FallAdvanced Cell Biology I (4 credits) (410.603) Economics of Biotechnology (4 credits) (759.706) Moral Leadership and the Global Economy (1 credit) (761.728)

January intensive Managing Biotechnology Professionals (4 credits) (410.643)

SpringBiostatistics (4 credits) (410.645) Finance for Biotechnology II (3 credits) (759.701) Legal Issues in Biotechnology II (2 credits) (759.710)

May intersession Computers in Molecular Biology (4 credits) (410.633) or Practical Computer Concepts for Bioinformatics (4 credits) (410.634)

Summer Strategic Planning in Biotechnology (3 credits) (759.721)

Year iii

FallAdvanced Cell Biology II (4 credits) (410.604) Marketing Aspects of Biotechnology (4 credits) (410.644) Moral Leadership and Corporate Citizenship (1 credit) (761.729)

January intensive Negotiation in Biotechnology (3 credits) (759.707)

Spring Regulatory Processes for Domestic & Global Biotech Products (4 credits) (410.649) Capstone/Integrative Field Experience (3 credits) (790.616)

**Course schedules are subject to change**

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Curriculum Sequence Spring CohortYear i

SpringProSeminar (4 credits) (410.607) Accounting for Decision-Making in Biotechnology (3 credits) (759.601) Foundations of Moral Leadership (1 credit) (761.624)

May Intersession Managerial Communications (3 credits) (761.700)

Summer Biochemistry (4 credits) (410.601)

FallMolecular Biology (4 credits) (410.602)Managerial Finance for Biotechnology I (4 credits) (759.602) Legal Issues in Biotechnology I (2 credits) (759.709)

Year ii

SpringAdvanced Cell Biology I (4 credits) (410.603) Economics of Biotechnology (4 credits) (759.706) Moral Leadership and the Global Economy (1 credit) (761.728)

May intersession Managing Biotechnology Professionals (4 credits) (410.643)

Summer Biostatistics (4 credits) (410.645)

Fall

Practical Computer Concepts for Bioinformatics (4 credits) (410.634) or Computers in Molecular Biology (410.633)Managerial Finance for Biotechnology II (4 credits) 410.680) Legal Issues in Biotechnology II (2 credits) (759.710)

January intensive Strategic Planning in Biotechnology (4 credits) (759.721)

Year iii

SpringAdvanced Cell Biology II (4 credits) (410.604) Marketing Aspects of Biotechnology (4 credits) (410.644) Moral Leadership and Corporate Citizenship (1 credit) (761.729)

May Intersession Negotiation in Biotechnology (3 credits) (759.707)

Fall Regulatory Processes for Domestic and Global Biotech Products (4 credits) (410.649)Capstone/Integrative Field Experience (3 credits) (790.616)

**Course schedules are subject to change**

Master of Science in Bioscience Regulatory AffairsAs the biotechnology industry grows, more companies are developing and com-mercializing new, highly regulated products. In Maryland, there are over 80 therapeutic products in the development pipeline that require regulatory oversight and a large number of Maryland companies are developing diagnostics requiring trained regulatory staff. Nationally, there are approximately 400 products in the drug development pipeline that require regulatory oversight. Many of the compa-nies providing reagents and supplies to the industry must also provide stringent quality control and assurance to ensure FDA good manufacturing practices are being followed. These companies will continue to require trained, educated staff-ing in regulatory affairs. To meet this need, The Johns Hopkins University created the new Master of Science in Bioscience Regulatory Affairs, using the expertise of professionals from the federal government, industry, and academia.

Students entering this program will have completed pre-requisite courses in bio-chemistry and cell biology. The core course, Biological Processes completes the basic bioscience background.. The four core Regulatory Affairs courses and the legal course round out the fundamentals of the Bioscience Regulatory Affairs cur-riculum. With this foundation, students will then have the opportunity to special-ize in an aspect of Regulatory Affairs of their choice through three elective courses, including advanced regulatory and science courses. Finally, hands-on, real life experience will be provided to students through a practicum course at the end of the program. The strong science foundation, the opportunity to specialize, and the practicum requirement distinguish this program as a leader in bioscience regula-tory affairs education. Students completing the program are expected to be able to lead regulatory affairs programs in government and industry.

The degree is designed for full-time working adults, however, some students are attending courses on a full-time basis. Many students in the program are already employed in a bioscience company and wish to further develop their careers. Other students are transitioning into bioscience regulatory affairs. The program should take approximately two years to complete, although students may accelerate the program if they wish.

The faculty teaching in the program are all leaders in bioscience regulatory affairs. They work in the industry both for private bioscience organizations and the federal government, such as the Food and Drug Administration.

�� Advanced Academic Programs

Program Committee

The program committee oversees the admissions, policy, and operations of the MS in Biotechnology. Members of the committee include:

Victor Corces, ProfessorDepartment of Biology, Chair, Advanced Biotechnology Studies Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Patrick Cummings, Senior Associate Program ChairAdvanced Biotechnology Studies, Advanced Academic Programs Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Lynn Johnson Langer, Senior Associate Program ChairAdvanced Biotechnology Studies, Advanced Academic Programs Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Kristina Obom, Associate Program ChairAdvanced Biotechnology Studies, Advanced Academic Programs Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Admission Requirements• one semester of Biochemistry and

Cell Biology at the undergraduate or graduate level

• an undergraduate degree in the life sciences or engineering from a four-year college with at least a 3.0 on a 4.0 scale

Application Documents• a résumé


• official transcripts

• The admissions committee reserves the right to request additional infor-mation from applicants, if needed, to assess their candidacy for admission.

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10-graduate Course Program

Cores (five)

410.627 The Product development Process: From intellectual Property to licensing(formerly Product Development: From Research to Manufacturing)

This course provides an extensive overview of the prod-uct development process that includes the use and trans-fer of intellectual property, cell substrates and cell banks, and the manufacturing process, including current Good Manufacturing Practices and Quality Control. The impor-tance of the interaction between a biotechnology company and the Food and Drug Administration is emphasized. Students learn to appreciate the importance of safety testing, preclinical and clinical testing, and the FDA regulations that govern the development, manufacture, and eventual market-ing of biotech products. Guest lecturers familiarize students with the intricacies of the process. Using the team approach, students work together to solve problems and develop a “product” using knowledge gained in the classroom.


410.649 Regulatory Processes for domestic and global Biotechnology ProductsRegulatory affairs (RA) comprises the rules and regulations governing product development and post-approval market-ing. In the U.S., the FDA establishes and oversees the appli-cable regulations. Biotechnology products may be classified as drugs, biologics, medical devices, or combination products. Each type is regulated by a different center within the FDA. This course provides an overview of RA and its impact on product development. Topics include RA history, regulatory agencies, how to access regulatory information, requirements for submissions and approval for drugs, biologics, and medical devices; compliance with GXP (Good Laboratory/Clinical/Manufacturing Practices), Quality Systems Regulations, eth-ics, and FDA inspections.

410.651 Clinical development of drugs and BiologicsThis course introduces students to the planning and work required to develop potential new drugs and biologics effi-ciently. Students gain a thorough appreciation of FDA and ICH regulations and guidelines. Because the course empha-sizes the importance of planning before the execution of any of the necessary steps, lectures use a “backwards” approach, discussing the final analysis and report before developing pro-tocols. Topics also include an overview of preclinical investi-gations; NDA/BLA format and content; clinical development plans; product and assay development; the IND; and trial design, implementation, and management.


410.673 Biological Processes in Regulatory Affairs This course provides an overview of the biological processes and laboratory techniques utilized for the discovery, develop-ment and evaluation of therapeutic drugs. Students investi-

gate drug development processes such as gene cloning, culture scale-up, downstream processing, and product purification. Emphasis is placed on the theory and application of labora-tory methods used in drug development, such as recombinant DNA techniques, antibody technology, protein purification, immunoassays, high-throughput drug screening, chromatog-raphy, electrophoresis, cell receptor characterization, pharma-cokinetics, drug toxicity testing and evaluation of therapeutic drugs, diagnostics, and vaccines.

Prerequisites: 410.601 Biochemistry and 410.603 Advanced Cell Biology I or enrollment in the MS in Bioscience Regulatory Affairs.

410.683 introduction to cgMP ComplianceThere are many sources describing Current Good Manufacturing Practice. The fundamentals are published in the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and in 21 CFR part 211. These regulations, however, only begin to describe the practices required in the pharmaceutical and biotech indus-tries. Additional sources include guidance published by the Food and Drug Administration, EIRs, Form 483s, warning letters and podium comments from FDA speakers. Students will learn the history of the regulations and the Food and Drug Administration. Students will also learn practical solu-tions to the regulatory issues faced in the pharmaceutical and biotech industries today.

Regulatory law Cores (choose one)

410.650 Legal Aspects of Biotechnology410.676 Food and Drug Law

Practicum (one)

410.679 Practicum in Bioscience Regulatory Affairs (This course is open only to MS.BRA students)

This integrative case-based course will focus on applying knowledge gained from previous courses in the MS Bioscience Regulatory Affairs program to actual cases from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. For each case, students will assume the role of either a regulatory specialist, an FDA reviewer or senior-level policy-maker, or other involved stakeholders, such as a consumer group or an advocacy group. Students will be expected to research, evaluate, and present scientifi-cally and legally justifiable positions on case studies from the perspective of their assigned roles. Students will present their perspectives to the class and be asked to debate the issues with the other students from the perspective of their assigned roles. The major responsibility of the students in this course will be to make scientifically and legally defensible recommendations and to justify them through oral and written communication.

ElectivesPick three electives from the MS in Biotechnology Program for which you have met the prerequisites or have received permission from the program committee. See Course Descriptions in the Master of Science in Biotechnology for a list of courses.

(Note: Biochemistry and Advanced Cell Biology I are excluded.)

��advanced.jhu.edu for updates • 1-800-847-3330

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Program Committee

Robert Kargon, Chair

Matthew Crenson, Johns Hopkins

Candice Dalrymple, Johns Hopkins

Peter Decherney, University of Pennsylvania

Bruce Drake, National Public Radio

Simon During, Johns Hopkins

Howard Egeth, Johns Hopkins

Jack Goodman, National Association of Broadcasters

Gerry Masson, Johns Hopkins

Eliott Maxwell, Johns Hopkins

Arthur Molella, Smithsonian Institution

Lance Morgan, Powell-Tate

Jim Wilkinson, The White House

Hopkins Alumni Advisory Board

Jack GoodmanSenior Vice President and General Counsel, National Association of Broadcasters

Jim WilkinsonDeputy National Security Advisor for Communications, The White House

Bruce DrakeVice President of News and Information, National Public Radio

Master of Arts in Communication in Contemporary Societyadvanced.jhu.edu/communication

The information and influence professions are at the heart of our new economy and society. From political advertising to health promotion to public and media relations, communication plays a central role. Drawing on theory, science, policy, and practice, classes are designed to give students usable knowledge that will serve them in their profession.

Our program is dedicated to two principles: academic excellence and applied knowledge. Our mission is to bring the best practitioners in the field of communi-cation to teach our students what they do and how they do it and to bring in top scholars to teach about the science, research, theory, and implications of communi-cation. By combining practical, applied knowledge with scholarly approaches we give our students the knowledge and skills they would not gain by simply staying on the job.

Students come from private companies, nonprofit organizations, educational insti-tutions, and government agencies. The program is designed for full- and part-time students who want to be trained or retrained for the communications and informa-tion professions in the new media environment. Classes are offered in the evening so students do not need to break stride in their professional careers. Classes are kept small so that students can have direct and personal access to faculty.

The program is housed at Johns Hopkins University near DuPont Circle in Washington, DC. The faculty includes tenured Hopkins faculty, leading consul-tants, public relations executives, social scientists, government officials, and experts in political and health communication.

Ten courses including a master’s thesis are required to complete the degree. Full- time students can complete their coursework in a little over one year. Students enrolled part time can earn their degree in under two years or take up to five years if they wish. Students who work full time can take a maximum of two courses per semester. We offer courses year-round (fall, spring, and summer). Admission is also done year-round. You do not need to wait until fall semester to start classes.

After graduating, our students often take jobs in the press offices of the federal agencies, in the public relations and marketing departments of major corporations, and as communications directors for non-profits organizations. Many of our gradu-ates also work on Capitol Hill and for consulting firms.

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Concentrations and Areas of EmphasisAll students earn an MA in Communication in Contemporary Society. Students do not need to identify a concentration and can pursue a broad curriculum that draws from all areas, or they may identify a concentration in one or occasionally two of the fields described below. A concentration requires at least four of the courses in an area. Each course can only count toward one concentration.

Concentration in Public and Media RelationsThis concentration covers everything from advertising to social marketing to budgeting and executing a comprehensive communication campaign. Courses include public relations, media relations, crisis and issue communication, and ethnic marketing. Private companies, nonprofit organizations, and political aspirants all employ communication strategies and need employees knowledgeable in theory and practice.

Concentration in Political CommunicationThis concentration addresses issues from campaign strategies to running a press office to influencing public policy. Courses include public affairs, campaign communication, crisis and issues communication, and ethnic politics. Whether govern-ing, running for office, or pushing for policy change, commu-nication is at the heart of politics.

Concentration in Health CommunicationThis concentration considers what characterizes an effective public information campaign, how to design campaigns about health, what demands are placed on communications special-ists during an emergency, and how drug companies promote drugs. Courses include developing health communication campaigns, health psychology and persuasion, crisis and issue communication, and social marketing. Communications pro-fessionals must develop, deliver, and evaluate modern health communications. This focus explains what has been done, what works, and why.

Concentration in digital TechnologiesThe digital communications program examines digital tech-nology in the context of corporate, political, and cultural com-munication. This concentration addresses how to use the web to reach out to diverse publics, how decentralized sharing of information has changed the way we communicate, and how to incorporate digital with traditional communication cam-paigns. Courses include: internet strategies, digital promotion, not-for-profits in the digital age, and e-commerce.

Read more about the program and download an application online at advanced.jhu.edu/communication or contact us at 202-452-8711.

Admission Requirements• A grade point average of at least 3.0 on a 4.0 scale. For

students who have been out of school for some time work experience may be considered.

• Strong writing skills

Application documents• AAP application and fee

• a current résumé

• two letters of recommendation that verify professional and/or academic accomplishments

• a statement of purpose (approximately 1,000 words). The statement of purpose is the most important document the applicant is asked to submit. This statement should address the applicant’s academic and professional goals.

• transcripts from your undergraduate education

• International students must submit TOEFL scores and a “course-by-course” credential evaluation of your under-graduate transcript performed by an outside evaluation service.

Students do not need to seek a degree to take courses in the Communication program; however, all students must meet enrollment and admissions requirements before taking classes.

Curriculum• Students must take a total of 10 courses.

– research and writing methods

– two core courses

– six elective courses

– thesis course

All students who take a communication course must partici-pate in our online round table. Our round table is an online discussion about serious issues in the media focused around NPR’s weekly radio program On the Media. For each commu-nication course in which a student is enrolled he or she must listen to two programs of On the Media (one hour each) and post comments to our online round table discussion.

All students must complete a thesis. Graduation is subject to completion of the thesis course, thesis defense, and approval of the thesis by the thesis committee.

CoursesFor information on exact dates, times, locations, fees, and instructors, students should consult the Course Schedule available several months before each term at www.jhu.edu /advanced. (Note that not all courses are taught every year.)

Required Courses480.600 Research and Writing Methods

480.800 Thesis

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Core Courses(select two of three)

480.604 Media Theory

480.601 Introduction to the Digital Age

480.603 Political Economy of Mass Communication

Electives (select six)Students may take up to two communications courses in other JHU departments subject to the approval of the associate pro-gram chair. Students may take electives in any area regardless of concentration.

Concentration in Public and Media Relations (select any four)

480.632 Digital Promotion Strategies: A Cultural Perspective

480.635 Communication.org: Not-for-Profits in the Digital Age

480.653 Communicating for Social Change

480.654 Strategic Communication Program Management

480.656 Pitching Stories: Understanding, Using & Knowing The News

480.657 Introduction to Public Relations

480.658 Public Relations and Public Affairs From a British Perspective

480.659 Crisis and Issue Communication

480.660 Media Relations

480.661 Ethnic Marketing and Political Communication

480.663 Advertising and Integrated Marketing Communications

480.665 Speechwriting: Composition and Delivery

480.669 Emergency and Disaster Communication

490.703 Principles of Journalism

Concentration in Political Communication(select any four)

480.623 Political Communication: Campaigns

480.624 Press Secretary: Theory and Practice

480.655 Public Affairs: Shaping Public Opinion, Driving Public Policy

480.658 Public Relations and Public Affairs From a British Perspective



480.662 The Social Psychology of Persuasion

480.665 Speechwriting: Composition and Delivery

480.667 Media and Politics in the UK

480.668 Media and Terror


480.670 Communications Law and Policy Making

480.673 Communication and Media in the Arab World

480.674 History of American Political Communications

480.675 Media and Communication in Iran

480.676 Media, Power, and Politics

480.677 Grassroots Political Communication

Concentration in Health Communication(select any four)

480.653 Communicating for Social Change

480.654 Strategic Communication Program Management

480.659 Crisis and Issue Communication or 406.670 Crisis Management


480.681 Developing Health Communication Campaigns

480.682 Health Psychology and Behavior Change

480.683 Marketing Drugs

480.684 Using Evaluation to Improve Health Communication

480.685 Health Law, Policy, and Institutions

480.686 Health Education and Promotion

480.687 Techniques in Health Campaigns

480.688 Children, Media, and Health

Concentration in digital Technologies(select any four)

480.625 History of Communication Technology

480.626 Cultural Differences and the Net

480.627 Digital Security, Privacy, and Civil Liberties

480.628 Digital Rights Management

480.629 IT Policy Issues: History and Future

480.630 Emerging Technologies: Legal and Social Implications

480.631 Information Age Ethics

480.632 Digital Promotion Strategies: A Cultural Perspective

480.635 Communication.org: Not-for-Profits in the Digital Age

480.636 Ecommerce

480.637 The Library in the Digital Age

480.638 Internet Strategies: Commerce, Communities, Government

480.639 Publishing: Foundation and Future

480.641 Museums and the Digital Age

480.643 Digital Cinema

480.649 MP3 Culture

480.650 Music and Technology

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Course descriptions

Required Courses

480.600 Research and Writing MethodsThis is an intense and comprehensive course in research and writing Methods in communication. Students will cover how to do primary and secondary research. Topics covered include how to use library resources for research, proper citation, rhetorical analysis, focus groups and in-depth interviews, participant observation, content analysis, survey and experi-mental design, and basic statistics. This course is required for all students beginning in or after the Spring 2004 semester. Students are STRONGLY urged to take this course in their first or second semester.

480.800 ThesisThis course is designed to guide students though the thesis process. It is the last course students take in finishing their master’s thesis. Students select a topic for original research and both conduct and write up their research in the course of the class. Class meetings are designed to give guidance in both the writing and the process of conducting research. Graduation is subject to approval of the thesis by the thesis committee and completion of a successful defense. In order to meet the defense deadline, students are encouraged to enter the class with a clear of idea of what they would like to research.

Core Courses (select two)

480.601 introduction to the digital AgeThis course seeks to introduce students to the history of the Internet and the related development of applications and pro-tocols that have come to define the Digital Age. Furthermore, the course allows students to situate the culture of the Internet in its context and to better understand its future develop-ments in business, law, education, etc.

480.603 Political Economy of Mass CommunicationPolitical, economic, technological, and regulatory forces shape communications industries. This course looks at the way these forces combine to control the flow of entertainment and infor-mation within and across national boundaries. Topics include government regulation, media concentration, and globalization as well as consumer freedom, labor issues, and advertising.

480.604 Media TheoryThis course surveys major theories about the mass media with a focus on those with empirical backing. The course covers readings on how the media affect what people think about, how people underestimate the effect of media on themselves, and how the media affect what we see as the causes and solu-tions to social problems. We will also explore subliminal advertising, violence and television, how the media both divides and unites society, and how commercialism affects the news. Other topics include diffusion of innovations, cultiva-tions theory, and the hostile media effect.

Electives(select six)

480.605 Organizational Communication

This course introduces students to issues in organizational communication, including the function of communication in organizational planning, strategy, and marketing; the role of communication in organizational transformation and change; issues in knowledge management, transparency, assessment, and accounting; the politics of communication in organiza-tions; communication issues in collaboration and negotiation; communication leadership; managing email and written communication; risk communication; cross-cultural com-munication; and communication ethics. The course also introduces students to a range of qualitative and quantitative research methods for analyzing and assessing communication in organizations.


This course seeks to expose students to very practical applica-tions of modern political communication. Through discussion and example, students will gain working knowledge of recent and current campaign communication operations and their effectiveness, as well as an understanding of where the modern political communication operation and political media are heading in the 21st century. Students will learn about the lat-est technological advancements and their role in the modern political campaign, while gaining very practical knowledge of a political press office or a political campaign press office and of the duties of a political press secretary, media advisor or communications director and of the media who cover them.

480.624 Press Secretary: Theory and Practice

This class focuses on the skills required to be a press secretary and communications advisor working both inside and outside of government. It will examine the roles, duties and responsi-bilities of press secretaries in a wide variety of contexts, such as working for members of Congress, federal agencies, the White House, and campaigns. It will also look at how press secretary jobs work in other sectors, such as the non-profit and trade association world. And it will provide insight from journalists, the recipients of press secretary information, about the most effective techniques. Students will be required to create a variety of materials and deal with typical situations that a press secretary faces in the course of a day. By the end of this course, students will be able to draft and distribute a press release, draft an op ed, draft short “talking points” memo on a daily news event, draft a detailed press strategy memo and plan a press conference.

480.625 History of Communication Technology

This course focuses on the U.S., and follows six major tech-nologies (the telegraph, camera, radio, telephone, television and computer) as they emerge, evolve and merge—show-ing their development and relationships as though they are characters in a novel. To help gain a practical understanding of today’s communications technologies, we spend one week

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each in 1885, 1915, 1945, and 1975, entering the mindset of people whose future has become our past. We then apply our conclusions and insights—some of which may be quite sur-prising—onto 2005.

480.626 Cultural differences and the netHow do cultural differences express themselves on the Internet? This seminar is designed to introduce students to the variety of Web presentations informed by cultural ori-gins. Also, the course enables students to decipher and better analyze the significance of such differences and the ways in which such an understanding can facilitate communication, exchange, etc.

480.627 digital Security, Privacy and Civil liberties This seminar will focus on strategies for defending against digital threats and the legal and social issues raised by such efforts. How do we balance the need for security in a net-worked world while maintaining respect for the privacy of individuals? Students will examine encryption and attacks on operating systems and web servers as well as debates concern-ing the emerging framework for managing digital identities, rights and security policies, and countermeasures.

480.628 digital Rights ManagementThis seminar will focus on Digital Rights Management strate-gies and technologies (Watermarking, Encryption, XrML, etc.) and the legal structures that are designed to support them. We will especially focus on the differences in the legal perspectives between the European Commission’s drafts and the proposed or existing American laws pertaining to the pro-tection of digital copyright.

480.632 digital Promotion Strategies: A Cultural Perspective The emergence of a self-contained digital culture has irre-vocably changed the face of contemporary communication. Many organizations are struggling to translate the traditional discipline of promotion, marketing and public relations into working strategies that effectively connect with this growing ethereal community. But understanding how to utilize current technologies to reach this audience requires an analysis of both the cultural and functional realities of both new and proven communications strategies. This course will utilize up to date case studies of many of the most innovative digital market-ing techniques in combination with critical texts to allow students to evaluate and understand the essence of sharing and promoting new ideas in the digital environment towards a workable theory of digital culture. Special in class projects will allow students to test and employ the latest theories of digital promotion.

480.635 Communication.org: not-for-Profits in the digital Age As of 2005, a majority of every major demographic group in the U.S. is online. For nonprofit communications profession-als, knowing how to reach people online is only going to get

more important. Students will learn the basics of online com-munication, including best practices for the many online com-munications channels and how to integrate online and offline efforts. We’ll develop plans, budgets, and metrics for evaluat-ing online communication programs, as well as take a glimpse at what the future holds for non-profit communicators.

480.636 EcommerceThis course surveys the impact of new technology on com-merce. Topics include: business to business transactions; authentication, privacy, fraud; reputation systems; internet advertising; web languages; search engines; taxation; clicks and bricks companies; web services models; the governments role in commerce; and etraining.

480.638 internet Strategies: Commerce, Communities, government Communications professionals have seen the technolo-gies they use move from typewriters and telephones to the Internet, instant messaging and wireless. These tools are here to stay—and will continue to evolve and transform the way people communicate both professionally and personally. This course will explore a variety of strategies for reaching the right people online, and integrating online and offline communica-tions and marketing programs.

480.639 Publishing: Foundation and FuturePublishing is a cornerstone of communications; this course examines its pivotal role. Whether in print or online, most of what we read and, increasingly, what we “view” comes to us through the work of publishers. In response to the “informa-tion revolution,” publishing organizations are re-inventing themselves as clearinghouses of information. Mergers and new technology confront publishing with new economics, new marketing strategies, and new vehicles for preserving material and making it available. Is traditional publishing dead? The course explores recent and expected changes in the publishing industry and how those changes affect us all.

480.641 Museums in the digital AgeWith the emergence of new media and the Internet, the traditional role and scope of the museum is changing. The museum has a new position in global communication, dissemination of information, and cultural understanding. The introduction of technology into the museum is challeng-ing traditional exhibition concepts, introducing new interac-tions between the audience and the object, and affecting the museum’s core operations. This course explores the impact of media and technology on the museum, including an over-view of the historical role of the museum in society and an examination of the current uses and affects of digitization, the Internet, and wireless technologies in these institutions. There will be visits to local museums, a survey of relevant Web sites, and guest lectures by museum professionals specializing in digital media.

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480.649 MP3 Culture The course will survey the growth of digital distribution as a viable alternative for selling, promoting and recording music, with an emphasis on the cultural and structural changes resulting from it’s evolution. Studying the development of companies like Liquid Audio, Press Play and itunes in the relation to the attrition of the physical distribution, the course will compare the notions of tactile versus non-tactile distribu-tion, and it’s affect on the art of reproduction. Using critical texts to build forward thinking analysis, students will analyze the current and future impact of “MP3” culture on the art of making and selling music to a mass audience.

480.650 Music and TechnologyThis course will explore the art and business of contemporary idioms like hip-hop, electronica, and punk music within the context of social, economic, and technological factors. With special emphasis on techniques like sampling, sequencing, and digital copying, the course will survey the intersection of art and machinery. Special lab projects will allow for hands-on experience with the tools used to create contemporary music.

480.653 Communicating for Social ChangeThis course surveys the latest strategies and techniques to pro-mote social causes and issues, and at the same time enhance reputations, build brands and strengthen loyalty. As the boundaries between the social sector and the corporate world continue to blur each sector must rely on the other to realize their respective goals. This interdependence will be dem-onstrated through case studies and guest speakers who will share real life examples of how communications can be used to create social impact. On the corporate side, cause marketing, strategic philanthropy, community involvement, employee volunteerism and corporate social responsibility reporting have become embedded in consumer brands and more fully integrated into corporate communications. Nonprofits and government agencies are becoming more proficient at brand-ing to ensure that their outreach efforts break through the media clutter to attract funding, new donors and corporate partners. Online marketing has helped to level the playing field for nonprofits and provided a new tool for fundraising. It’s not just Social Entrepreneurs leading the charge. These practices are becoming the norm and we realize that vibrant communities of healthy and engaged citizens are the back-bone of our nation and our economy. Prior experience in public relations or 480.657 Introduction to Public Relations requested before taking this course.

480.654 Strategic Communication Program ManagementThis course will cover issues relating to the management of communications programs including strategic program development, programs and tactics, the nature of manage-ment and leadership. Emphasis will be placed on managing ideas, people, budgets, tactical elements, media (including the Internet), and crises. This course will combine reality-based and conceptual approaches to provide students with the intel-lectual tools needed to assume management roles in future

communications programs. The primary goal of this course is to help students prepare for managing communications pro-grams by asking—and answering—the right questions about program goals, activities, management, and measurement. Classes will focus on a combination of “core” readings as well as “additional” materials including supplemental reading and guest speakers. Prior experience in public relations or 480.657 Introduction to Public Relations requested before taking this course.

480.655 Public Affairs: Shaping Public Opinion, driving Public PolicyPublic opinion can be a potent force in driving the deci-sions made by governments, organizations, and businesses. Understanding how to shape that opinion and create a favor-able climate for achieving public policy goals requires the use of a variety of strategies and tools to reach key decision makers and opinion leaders. The course will illustrate how public affairs, and more traditional public relations, can help shape public opinion and affect policy-making both inside and outside government.

480.656 Pitching Stories: Understanding, Using & Knowing the newsThis course will focus on one of the most important parts of media, public and press relations: Getting along with reporters, editors and other news decision makers in order to improve the odds for your story, event, issue being covered the way you want. If you don’t have a trustworthy working rela-tionship with the reporters, it can stop any media campaign from even getting off the ground. Learn the constraints, inter-ests and frames of three main media to better understand the forces that influence the news and shape coverage decisions. This class will look primarily at TV news, print publications, and news-related websites and bloggers.

480.657 introduction to Public RelationsThe nature of public relations has evolved into a sophis-ticated form of communication between an organization and its publics. This course provides perspective on how a changing media environment impacts outreach methods and offers practical approaches to achieve communications goals. Emphasis will include the importance of research, designing a strategic communications program, fully utilizing the online medium, and the pervasive effect of public relations.

480.659 Crisis and issue CommunicationThis course will provide students with a fundamental under-standing of crisis management, risk communications, media relations, and public opinion research techniques in multiple contexts. Students will be introduced to crisis management principles, strategies, tactics, and communications methods. Course participants will work as a team to develop a crisis management plan for analysis and discussion. Successful stu-dents will be able transfer the knowledge and skills developed in this course to the workplace. They will be able to predict, manage, and control real-world controversies that they may confront as they pursue their careers. Moreover, a successful

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student will be able to effectively manage, participate in, and control volatile situations involving the news media. Prior experience in public relations or 480.657 Introduction to Public Relations requested before taking this course.

480.660 Media RelationsMedia outreach is a critical part of any strategic communica-tions effort. This course will prepare students to build, imple-ment and measure earned media programs that achieve policy, business, and philanthropic objectives. Class lectures, guest speakers, and assignments will give students a broad under-standing of the modern media environment, the elements of a strong outreach program, and the skills they need to be a suc-cessful media relations counselor. Prior experience in public rela-tions or 480.657 Introduction to Public Relations requested before taking this course.

480.661 Ethnic Marketing and Political CommunicationStudents will explore the billion-dollar professional ethnic marketing industry. Consumer products and services corpo-rations as well as political candidates, parties, and interest groups increasingly find their profits and successes reliant upon their effectiveness communicating with minority con-sumers and voters. Students will learn fundamentals of the business, including market research and ethnic strategies for television, radio, print publications, and the Internet. Specific attention will be paid to three top targets of ethnic market-ing campaigns: Hispanic Americans, African Americans, and Asian Americans. Case studies of successful ethnic marketing campaigns that have been conducted in the marketplace will be examined. Students will research, design, and present their own integrated ethnic marketing communications strategies. Guest lecturers will bring unique industry experiences into the classroom.

480.662 The Social Psychology of PersuasionSocial psychology is the study of how people think about, influence, and relate to other people. This course will survey some of the major topic areas within social psychology as they relate to persuasion and communication, such as social beliefs and judgments, behavior, attitudes, perception of the self and others, conformity, and group influence. We will focus on the complex interplay of attitudes, cognitions, behaviors, and feelings that are involved in effective persuasion and com-munication, including the person/situation interaction, the relationship between behaviors and attitudes, conformity to group norms, routes to persuasion, effective communication strategies, communication channels, and characteristics of effective communicators. All course topics will be approached from both theory-driven and applied perspectives.

480.663 Advertising and integrated Marketing CommunicationThe role of advertising has dramatically changed over the past 20 years. It’s no longer the only way to build brands and con-nect with consumers. The rise of strategic public relations, the birth of new media and a deeper understanding of integrated

marketing communications have transformed the landscape forever. This course is grounded in that reality, and in a belief that success is contingent on a unified message delivered by a mix of communications channels. We will study the changing role of advertising in society from a number of perspectives—the marketing/communications manager, the agency, the con-sumer, and academic. Then, we will put advertising into the context of integrated marketing communications with public relations, online marketing and sales promotions as the under-pinnings of this approach. This course will teach you to think in a new way and then to apply that knowledge to hands-on campaign planning. Through class discussion, guest speakers, group projects, and case studies, you will break the pattern of thinking about strategic communications in silos and be pre-pared to thrive in this new environment of integration.

480.665 Speechwriting: Composition and deliverySpeechwriting is one of the most important but least instructed skills for Washington professionals. Through hands-on practice, students in this course will learn to write speeches for diverse clients, occasions and contexts—includ-ing corporate and political speeches, keynote addresses, congressional testimony as well as informal remarks such as eulogies and toasts—and to coach speakers for more effective delivery. Course will integrate speechwriting with public rela-tions skills in areas like campaign messaging, investor rela-tions, and crisis management.

480.668 Media and TerrorThe aim of this course is to probe the intricate relationships between government, media, and terror. Democracy allows terror more latitude than any other forms of government. Often the media are utilized and exploited by terrorists to exert pressure on governments, to mediate between the two sides, and to transmit messages to the public in order to gain support. Terrorists take advantage of the freedom granted to the media to advance their own cause. The media give terrorism close attention and in the name of public’s right to know cover terrorist incidents intensely. The course will attempt to see at which point the journalistic coverage ends and cooperation between media and terrorism begins. Issues include terror and rating; commercialization of terrorism; journalists’ responsibilities; the Contagion Effect of terror-ism; media influence on public opinion and decision making; coverage of extortionist episodes. Among the case studies that will be analyzed are the Hanafi takeover of three buildings in Washington DC; the kidnapping of the TWA airplane to Lebanon; the American hostages crisis in Teheran; the kidnap-ping of Hanns Martin Schleyer in Germany; IRA terrorism in Britain; the FLQ crisis in Canada; Palestinian terror in Israel, and the September 11, 2001, attack on the US.

480.669 Emergency and disaster CommunicationThe events of 9/11 have raised the awareness and need to communicate as needed and where possible during emergen-cies and go beyond television and radio as sole sources of information. This course uses several perspectives in covering

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the topic of emergency communications. Subjects such as the relative importance of certain communication (e.g., who has priority and how do “we” grant that privilege), examples of existing prioritized emergency communication systems, and the role of the Internet are presented in this course. Students will be required to incorporate these topics in high level examinations conducted through classroom discussions and through three short papers.

480.670 Communications law and Policy MakingThis course begins with an introduction to the essential judicial precedents, statutes, and procedures governing com-munications law, with an emphasis on mass media. The introduction provides the basis for an investigation of the interaction of the three branches of government in policy-making. More specifically, we will examine how the First Amendment, changing technology, and political trends influ-ence the legal framework of communications.

480.673 Communication & Media in the Arab WorldThis course will examine a selection of print, film, TV, and Internet-based Arab media outlets. What are some of the major issues covered in the Arab media and how does the diverse media reflect the interests and concerns of the Arab public(s)? How does Arab media compare to US and European coverage of similar issues and how to understand the differ-ences? How to approach Arab popular culture through its media?

480.674 History of American Political CommunicationsThis course will examine the historical development of American political communications. Specifically, the course will focus on how political communication shapes the domi-nant political culture; and how shocks to the political culture such as wars or technological advancements in the delivery of news alter the practices of political communications. The course will begin in the pre-Revolutionary period when politi-cal communications consisted of town hall meetings, indi-vidually written letters, and printed pamphlets. We will track this through the post-9/11 modern era where political candi-dates jockey to appear on Oprah and The Daily Show.

480.675 Media and Communication in iranMedia and communications are playing an ever more powerful role in world politics, society, and culture. In the last quarter century Iran has not only been at the center of a media frenzy but has itself utilized mass communications to advance vari-ous agendas. This course will investigate the Iranian world of communication in all its richness: print and broadcast journalism, cinema, radio and television, satellite TV, cell phones, and the Internet. It will consider the political role of newspapers, from the earliest publications, to the state-spon-sored papers of the Pahlavi dynasty and Islamic Republic, to the proliferating alternative papers of today. Documenting the radical changes in Iranian society before and since the Revolution, the emergent Iranian film industry has been especially important as a vehicle of expression and dissent.

The course will study award-winning and controversial films by such directors as Mehrjui, Kiarostami, and Makhmalbaf. Radio and TV were traditional tools of the monarchy and the Islamic Republic, while, in recent years, the Internet has become a popular vehicle for the young generation of Iranians facing increasing repression by the current regime, connecting them to the outside world and providing a personal outlet of expression. Weblogs (Blogs) and other Internet sites will be examined, as well as government measures to censor them. Finally, the course will compare how Iran and the West, especially the US, portray and mis-portray one another in the high-stakes media wars of today.

480.676 Media, Power, and PoliticsEveryone knows about “the power of the press,” but how, exactly is that power exercised? Through information and news? Advertising, including so-called “attack ads” typical of recent political campaigns? Talk radio, and the rise of the on-air “community”? Is it even possible to predict what commu-nications tactics will work in specific situations? And, what about the growth of blogs, and the development of online communities that seem to circumvent mainstream news media altogether? Examining hard-core, pragmatic analyses as well as theoretical views of the role of the press in U.S. politics and political campaigns, this course will help students under-stand how the power of the “fourth branch of government” is wielded, in what circumstances and with what effect.

480.677 grassroots Political CommunicationFor candidates and for causes, grassroots communication is a critical piece of the puzzle. We’ll explore how grassroots polit-ical communication is different from other types of commu-nication, when and where it’s effective, and how to build an effective grassroots political communication strategy and plan. We’ll discuss how grassroots communication links to the rest of the communications plan, which messages are best suited to it, and how it can be leveraged to benefit other activities. The data is rich, the anecdotes are informative, and the potential of grassroots political organizing is immense—this class will be interesting to political junkies and casual observers alike.

480.681 developing Health Communication CampaignsDeveloping Health Communication Campaigns covers the major steps involved in developing a state-of-the-art health communication campaign. All concepts will be applied to a semester-long class project in which students will conceptu-alize and design a health campaign from beginning to end. Key topics include selecting a target behavior, conducting formative research to determine message strategies, pretesting messages with target audiences, reviewing demographic and market research data to inform channel/outreach approaches, and writing a professional quality campaign strategy brief. Strategic planning abilities will be developed, along with specific skills in designing focus groups, in-depth interview guides, and survey instruments. Course requirements include readings, group presentations, and individual writing assignments.

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480.682 Health Psychology and Behavior ChangeThis course will provide an overview of health psychology, the scientific study of behaviors and cognitive processes that are related to health states. We will address the mind/body con-nection, the influence of social and physical environments on our health, cognitive processing of health information, health belief models, and the link between personality traits and health. Understanding the interactions between these biologi-cal, psychological, and social influences on individuals’ health states is a key element in the development of effective health communication and intervention programs. All course topics will be approached from both theory-driven and applied perspectives.

480.684 Using Evaluation to improve Health CommunicationHow can you use the evidence of effects from previous health communication efforts to select the correct theory or imple-mentation strategy for your campaign? What monitoring devices can be put into place to let you know when you need to adjust or fine tune your program before it’s too late? How do you know when your health communication program has actually changed the knowledge, attitudes, or behaviors of your target audiences? What evidence do you need to gather to demonstrate value to program funders and other key audi-ence groups? This course will teach students to consider the effects of health communication efforts from both a scientific and a programmatic perspective with an emphasis on using the evaluation literature as a tool for quality improvement. Major historical examples of health communication efforts in the United States related to sexually transmitted disease, substance abuse, and cardiovascular disease will be reviewed. Evidence for the role the natural media environment plays (advertising, news coverage, entertainment programming) in changing health behavior will also be considered.

480.688 Children, Media, and HealthThis class introduces, through a developmental perspective, how children and adolescents use and are affected by the media, particularly television. We will consider children’s cog-nitive, social, and emotional development in relation to differ-ent media (including print, radio, TV, video, computers, and the Internet). The class addresses domestic and international media and health issues.

480.720 directed Readings in CommunicationFor students in any concentration, this discussion seminar offers the opportunity to read widely and deeply in classic works in communications as well as in special areas of indi-vidual interest. Each student’s reading list will include impor-tant, “canonical” authors read by the entire class, plus works customized to each student’s interests. Class will consist of discussion focusing on the shared readings. Early students will gain a broad understanding of communications’ issues helpful in preparing them for later courses; advanced students will find the course an opportunity to explore aspects of potential thesis topics.

Other

480.302 introduction to graduate Work in CommunicationAn intensive course designed to help students maximize their performance and excel in the program. Each student’s ‘syl-labus’ is customized to serve individual needs and interests. Topics typically include research, writing, citation, argument, using evidence, and a general introduction to graduate-level scholarship. The centerpiece of the course is that students usually meet in biweekly, one-on-one mentoring and tutorial sessions with the instructor, rather than in the typical class setting. We believe the course, which does not count toward your degree, will be especially advantageous for students returning to school after an absence, for provisional students, and for those who want thorough preparation to achieve excel-lence in their graduate work at Johns Hopkins. Enrollment limited to 8.

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MA Communication/MBAadvanced.jhu.edu/communication/mba

Leaders in business and industry recognize the importance of communication, but few MBA programs offer communication courses beyond writing and/or oral presentation. At the same time, communication professionals often find limited opportunities for advancement without knowledge of business and management.

The MA Communication/MBA prepares managers in public and media relations, advertising, crisis communication, organizational development, and risk commu-nication. It provides managers with the knowledge and skills to solve communi-cation problems in the workplace, use new media to transform existing business practices, reach out to media and clientele, and manage corporate images. This pro-gram enables communication professionals to expand their knowledge and skills in business and management, preparing them to take on leadership of nonprofit, public sector, or commercial enterprises.

The Hopkins MA Communication/MBA is a program that uniquely positions graduates for leadership careers in business and communication. Students in these degrees complete both the professional managerial education requirements of the MBA and the advanced disciplinary requirements of a specialized MA in Communications. Graduates of the Hopkins MA/MBA are capable of integrating rigorous scholarship with business acumen in bringing both intellectual and strate-gic leadership to the complex challenges of communication and business.

The MA Communication/MBA is designed with class schedules to accommodate working adults. All classes and program activities are conveniently located at the Massachusetts Avenue Centers of Johns Hopkins University in Washington, DC. Classes are offered in the evening, and Saturdays, so students do not need to break stride in their careers to attend.

Students who pursue the joint degree will take classes in the Communication department at the School of Arts and Science and in the MBA program at the School of Professional Studies Business and Education. They are assigned an advisor from each school that will oversee their coursework. To earn the MA Communication/MBA students must take eight classes in the Communication department and 14 classes in the MBA department.

Students working full time can take up to two courses a semester. Students who do not work full time can take up to four courses a semester.

Communication Program AdvisingErika Falk, 202-452-8711

MBA Program AdvisingMarnie Fallon, 301-294-7249

Admission Requirements• a grade point average of at least 3.0

on a 4.0 scale. For students who have been out of school for some time work experience may be considered.

• strong writing skills

• one year of work experience


• GRE or GMAT*


• two letters of recommendation that verify professional and/or academic accomplishments. Applicants must use the AAP form.

• a statement of purpose (approxi-mately 1,000 words). The statement of purpose is the most important document the applicant is asked to submit. This statement should address the applicant’s academic and professional goals.

• transcripts from your undergraduate education

• International students must submit TOEFL scores and a “course-by-course” credential evaluation of your undergraduate transcript performed by an outside evaluation service

* GRE or GMAT is not required for students who successfully complete five courses in the Communication program or have already completed a graduate degree. Students wishing to waive the GRE may apply to the com-munication program and then apply to the joint degree after they have com-pleted five classes. The test can also be waived if the student has five years of progressive professional experience and a solid undergraduate GPA.

Note: Students who are alumni of the communications or the MBA programs may apply for the joint degree and apply already completed course work toward the joint degree. However, they may have to take additional course work to bring their degree up to date and not all courses may apply.

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Curriculum

COMMUniCATiOn All MA/MBA students are required to complete the following Communication courses:1. Research and Writing Methods (480.600)

[This should be the first class you take in the Communication Department]

2. Organizational Communication (480.605)

3. Core course #1

4. Core course #2

5. Elective #1

6. Elective #2

7. Elective #3

8. Thesis (480.800) [This should be the last class you take in the Communication Department. Graduation is subject to completion of the thesis course, thesis defense, and approval of the thesis by the thesis committee.]

Students wishing to earn a concentration may take a fourth elective. Concentrations are offered in Public and Media Relations, Health Communication, Political Communication, and Digital Technologies. To earn a concentration, students must take four classes in that subject area.

For details on these concentrations and full list of classes and descriptions see the section on the Master’s Degree in Communication.

MBAAll MA/MBA students are required to complete the following MBA courses:

1. Financial Accounting*

2. Statistics for Business*

3. Business, Government, and the World Economy*

4. Financial Management*

5. Marketing Management*

6. Leadership Ethics

7. Managerial Communications

8. Managerial Economics

9. Corporate Financial Theory

10. Information Technology Integration for Business

11. Management and Organizational Behavior

12. Marketing Strategy

13. Quantitative Decision Making for Business

14. Integrated Capstone in Competitive Strategy

* These courses can be waived if the student passes a waiver exam or has taken an equivalent graduate level class in the last three years with a B or better.

For information on specific courses see the MBA catalog.

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Program Committee

John BolandResearch Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Program Chair

Eileen M. McGurtyAssociate Program Chair

David R. VeblenMorton K. Blaustein Professor and Chair of Earth and Planetary Sciences

John M. FerryProfessor of Earth and Planetary Sciences

Katalin SzlaveczAssociate Research Scientist of Earth and Planetary Sciences

Lawrence A. HardieProfessor of Earth and Planetary Sciences

Bruce D. MarshProfessor of Earth and Planetary Sciences

Ronald G. WaltersProfessor of History

Admission RequirementsIn addition to the materials and cre-dentials required for all programs (see Admission Requirements), the Master of Science in Environmental Sciences and Policy program requires:

Credentials and Prerequisites• grade point average of at least 3.0 on

a 4.0 scale in the latter half of under-graduate studies; particular interests and work experience may also be considered

• proficiency in algebra and familiarity with the elements of calculus and statistics

• two semesters of undergraduate chemistry

Prerequisite courses are offered which help students without the necessary cre-dentials and prerequisites to prepare for graduate-level work.

Admissions Documents• AAP application and fee


• a statement of purpose (500 words)

• two letters of recommendation, preferably one academic reference

Master of Science in Environmental Sciences and PolicyTo manage Earth’s environment effectively, we must understand the processes that shape our planet’s surface, control the chemistry of our air and water, and produce the resources on which we depend. At the same time, in order to implement sci-entific solutions to environmental problems, we must establish and execute poli-cies that are politically, socially, and economically feasible. Designed to address this challenge, the School of Arts and Sciences part-time graduate program in Environmental Sciences occupies a broad position centered at the juncture between science and policy. Graduates of the program emerge with a combination of exper-tise in science and policy that enables them to assume key positions in public and private entities responsible for safeguarding our environmental future. Many of our students are already employed in the environmental field but wish to enhance their training or move in new directions. Others are seeking to move into the arena of environmental science and policy.

The program offers a flexible curriculum that allows students to tailor their aca-demic experience to suit their personal needs and interests. It provides a comfort-able entree to relevant areas of science for students with little scientific background. Core coursework includes geology, hydrology, oceanography, meteorology, ecology, and policy making. Electives range across a spectrum from courses strongly ori-ented toward policy to ones focused more heavily on science, and they are selected by students with guidance but no constraints. Case studies and student projects receive special emphasis.

This program is rooted in the Morton K. Blaustein Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences of the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences. Oversight by the eminent faculty of this department sustains the academic integrity and excellence of the program. Courses are taught by distinguished instructors with valuable experience in the academic, public, and corporate sectors, and many of the program’s alumni are highly successful professionals.

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Math TestProvisional students, who are required to take 420.301 Quantitative Methods for Environmental Sciences (see Prerequisite Courses in the course descriptions section), may choose to take a mathematics assessment test. If successfully passed, provisional students will place out of the prerequisite. This test is administered on the Baltimore campus and at the Washington Center at the student’s convenience any working day. After a student is admitted, s/he may make an appointment to take the test and/or to obtain relevant study materials by calling the Admissions Office in Washington at 202-452-1940.

Admission StatusPlease see Student Status for descriptions and criteria of the different categories of student status.

Course RequirementsMS in Environmental Sciences and Policy—No Concentration

• five core courses

• five elective courses

For more information about core and elective courses, please see course descriptions. Please note that not all courses are offered every semester, and the Environmental Sciences and Policy Course Schedule should be consulted for current classes and times.

Electives should be chosen in consultation with the student’s advisor and should accommodate individual career goals. When a student elects the MS without a concentration, elec-tives may be chosen from environmental sciences offerings, from environmental policy offerings, or some may be from one and some from the other concentration. Students may also consider the related courses in the schools of Engineering, Public Health, SAIS, or Business and Education (see Registering for Courses in Other Divisions/Programs).

Please refer to the Advanced Academic Programs Course Schedule for exact dates, times, locations, fees, and instruc-tors. Courses are open only to students who meet enrollment requirements.

independent ResearchOften, students in the Environmental Sciences and Policy master’s degree program have a particular academic or profes-sional interest they wish to pursue independent of a regularly meeting course. These students are welcome to consider 420.800 Independent Research in Environmental Sciences and Policy. The Independent Research project is optional for students pursuing the M.S. without a concentration. It is required for the MS with a concentration. Research must be original and bring new perspective to a field or topic; it may include analysis of previously obtained data, and overview and synthesis of published interpretations of such data, or original primary research in the field or lab. The general guidelines can be found in the last course description in the course descrip-tions section.

ConcentrationsA concentration is optional.

Environmental Monitoring and AnalysisThis concentration focuses on identifying, assessing, moni-toring, and quantifying environmental problems as well as progress toward redress of these problems. The concentration enables students to work on various topics with a focus on measurement and analytical techniques.

Required Courses420.614 Environmental Policymaking and Policy

Analysis

420.800 Independent Graduate Project

Choose three of the following:

420.601 Geological Foundations for Environmental Sciences

420.604 Hydrogology and Water Resources

420.608 Oceanic and Atmospheric Processes

420.611 Principles and Methods of Ecology

Choose five of the following electives:

Environmental Sciences and Policy420.619 Ecological Assessment

420.626 Field Methods in Ecology

420.631 Field Methods in Stream and Water Quality Assessment

420.633 Introduction to GIS

420.636 Remote Sensing: Earth Observing Systems

420.640 Advanced GIS for Environmental Modeling

420.643 Environmentalism: History and Literature

420.651 Risk Assessment and Risk Management

420.656 Environmental Impact Assessment and Decisionmaking

420.680 Special Topics: Measuring Environmental Performance

Public Health187.610 Principles of Toxicology

188.680 Fundamentals of Occupational Health

340.601 Principles of Epidemiology

Engineering575.727 Environmental Monitoring and Sampling

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Ecological ManagementThis concentration focuses on the management of natural resources within an ecological context. It enables students to understand particular ecosystems as well as broader issues within the ecological sciences applicable to various systems.

Required Courses420.611 Principles and Methods of Ecology

420.614 Environmental Policymaking and Policy Analysis


Choose two of the following:


420.604 Atmospheric and Oceanic Processes

420.608 Hydrology and Water Resources


420.619 Ecological Assessment

420.620 Soils in Natural and Anthropogenic Ecosystems

420.622 Ecotoxicology

420.623 Freshwater Ecology and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystems

420.625 Chesapeake Bay: Ecology and Ecosystem Management

420.626 Field Methods in Ecology

420.628 Ecology and Management of Wetlands

420.631 Field Methods in Stream and Water Quality Assessment

420.633 Introduction to GIS

420.635 Chemical Ecology

420.637 Biodiversity and Wildlife Conservation

420.638 Coastal Geology and Policy


420.641 Natural Resources Law

420.642 Public Lands–Private Interests

420.660 Strategies in Watershed Management

420.680 Landscape Ecology

Environmental Management This concentration focuses on finding balances among eco-nomic, environmental, and social interests. The field of study serves business leaders, who must consider environmental impacts of their decisions and must develop competitive advantage within an ecologically constrained world. The concentration is also important to environmental leaders who need business skills to keep agencies and nonprofits afloat and who need to include economic issues in their proposed solu-tions to environmental problems.


Analysis




420.604 Atmospheric and Oceanic Processes


420.611 Principles and Methods of Ecology


Environmental Sciences and Policy420.624 Contaminant Transport

420.629 Drinking Water, Sanitation, and Health

420.630 Waste Policy (formerly Waste Management)

420.632 Air Quality Management

420.634 Bioremediation and Emerging Environmental Technologies

420.644 Sustainable Cities

420.645 Environmental Challenges for Energy Policy

420.646 Transportation Policy and Smart Growth

420.649 Strategic Management for Sustainability

420.650 International Environmental Policy


420.654 Natural Resource and Environmental Economics

420.656 Environmental Impact Assessment and Decision Methods

420.657 Environmental Issues and Congressional Policy Making

420.658 Markets Competition and the Environment


School of Professional Studies in Business and Education

786.706 Resource Development (fund raising)

761.724 Project and Team Management

Whiting School of Engineering575.407 Radioactive Waste Management

575.423 Industrial Processes and Pollution Prevention

575.707 Environmental Compliance Management

575.747 Environmental Project Management

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Environmental PlanningThe focus of this concentration is to implement solutions to environmental problems in concrete situations. Environmental planning examines the interaction of the built environment and the natural environment in order to reduce impacts and restore quality of both the natural environment and human settlements.


Analysis




420.604 Oceanic and Atmospheric Processes


420.611 Principles and Methods in Ecology


Environmental Sciences and Policy420.621 Natural Hazards: Impact Assessment and

Mitigation

420.629 Drinking Water, Sanitation and Health

420.633 Geographic Information Systems

420.636 Remote Sensing: Earth Observing Systems and Applications

420.639 Landscape Ecology


420.642 Public Lands–Private Interests: The Struggle for Common Ground

420.644 Sustainable Cities

420.646 Transportation Policy and Smart Growth


420.653 Practicum in Environmental Planning

420.654 Environmental and Natural Resource Economics

420.656 Environmental Impact Assessment and Decision Methods

420.660 Strategies in Watershed Management

420.680 Special Topics: Seminar in Environmental Justice


Whiting School of Engineering575.731 Water Resources Planning

Real Estate division of the School of Professional Studies in Business and Education

767.651 Environmental Issues in Real Estate

767.695 Urban Redevelopment

Prerequisite Courses The prerequisite courses below prepare students for graduate work and do not count toward degree requirements.

420.301 Quantitative Methods for Environmental Sciences This prerequisite course provides the necessary background in mathematics for students whose test scores do not indicate sufficient proficiency or who choose not to take the mathemat-ics assessment test. In this course, students acquire quantita-tive skills and an understanding of mathematical principles fundamental to environmental sciences, and necessary for evaluating the implications of policy measures. Topics include probability and statistics, systems of equations, analytical geometry, and basic concepts of calculus. Problem sets, inter-pretation of data, and applications to everyday problems help students appreciate the usefulness of quantitative methods.

420.302 Chemistry of natural Processes This course provides students with a basic understanding of the fundamentals of chemistry, of Earth’s interrelated chemi-cal systems, and of how to manipulate and interpret chemical data. Topics include molecules and chemical bonding, states of matter, thermodynamics, and kinetics. Through a series of exercises, students apply chemistry principles to solve real-world environmental problems.

Prerequisite: Students are urged to take 420.301 Quantitative Methods for Environmental Sciences before enrolling in this course.

Core CoursesThe core courses introduce the relevant body of knowledge in science and policy upon which more specialized study can be based. Some students may have covered most of the material of one or more of the core courses in previous academic work. Such students should consider requesting that the appropri-ate core course(s) be waived (see Student Special Requests). If approved, the waived core course must then be replaced with an additional elective. The core courses can be taken in any order, although it is recommended that students begin with 420.601 Geological Foundations of Environmental Science. Students must now complete fulfillment of the five core courses within the first seven courses in the program toward their degree.

420.601 geological Foundations of Environmental Science This course provides an overview of Earth’s materials, processes, and resources for environmental scientists and policymakers. Topics include minerals, rocks, sediments, stratigraphy, structure, geomorphology, and geologic envi-ronments. Emphasis is placed on understanding geologic principles and methods as applied to environmental science, Earth resources, and public policy. Two field trips are part of the course.

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420.604 Hydrology and Water Resources This course provides students with an introduction to the global hydrological cycle and the influence of climate, geol-ogy, and human activity. Students study the principles of precipitation, evaporation, and evapotranspiration; surface and groundwater flow; storage in natural and artificial reservoirs; water quality and pollution; and water resource management and regulation. Two field trips are included.

420.608 Oceanic and Atmospheric Processes In this course, students study the oceans and the atmosphere as interrelated systems. The basic concepts of air masses, water masses, winds, currents, fronts, eddies, and storms are linked to permit a fundamental understanding of the similar nature of oceanic and atmospheric processes. Among the course’s top-ics are weather forecasting, global climate change, marine pol-lution, and an introduction to applied oceanography. A field trip is included.

420.611 Principles and Methods of Ecology This course examines the relationship between organisms and their biotic and abiotic environment at three levels of biological hierarchy: individual organism, population, and community. Population characteristics, models of population dynamics, and the effect of ecological interactions on popula-tion regulation are discussed in detail. The structure and func-tion of natural and man-made communities and the impact disturbances have on community structure are also examined. Students are led to appreciate the importance of ecology in solving environmental problems. Two field trips are included.

420.614 Environmental Policymaking and Policy Analysis This course provides students with a broad introduction to U.S. environmental policymaking and policy analysis. Included is a historical perspective as well as an analysis of future policymaking strategies. Students examine the political and legal framework, become familiar with precedent-setting statutes such as NEPA, RCRA, and the Clean Air and Clean Water Acts, and study models for environmental policy analy-sis. Cost benefit studies, the limits of science in policymak-ing, and the impact of environmental policies on society are important aspects of the course. A comparison of national and international policymaking is designed to provide students with the proper perspective.

Elective Science Courses

420.619 Ecological AssessmentThis course introduces students to concepts and tools used in quantitative ecological assessment and demonstrates how they can be applied in managerial or regulatory contexts. The course covers assessment strategies, methodologies for ecologi-cal assessment, design of sampling programs, indicators of ecological integrity, bioassessment, and coping with uncer-tainty, ecological risk assessment, and adaptive environmental assessment and management. Students are introduced to

approaches for population, ecosystem, community, watershed, and landscape-level assessment. Computer exercises reinforce concepts and familiarize students with a variety of assessment techniques.

Prerequisite: 420.611 Principles and Methods of Ecology, equivalent course, or experience

420.620 Soils in natural and Anthropogenic Ecosystems This course introduces students to basic concepts of soil sci-ence and the soil’s contribution to the functions of natural and anthropogenic ecosystems. It provides an overview of soil mor-phological, physical, chemical, and biological properties, and how these interact to form a soil with unique characteristics and ecosystem function. Students discuss soils of the world from the perspective of soil taxonomy, the processes that form these soils, and land use properties specific to each soil order. Students learn to read soil maps, to interpret and predict the quality and land use potential of soils, and to use available soil data. Current issues regarding the proper use and manage-ment of soils are investigated. Field trips are included.

420.621 natural Hazards: impact Assessment and MitigationThis course examines several major natural hazards both from the standpoint of their causes (including what human factors turn a natural hazard into a disaster) and of the efforts to cope with and mitigate their effects on society. The course focuses on the factors that make us vulnerable to natural hazards and considers policies that can make society more resilient. Topics include methods of mitigation, monitoring, prediction and warning systems, hazard awareness, the role of technology in hazard reduction, emergency response, and community rede-velopment. The course explores a sequence of individual haz-ards, while concentrating on the connections between them. Final projects use a multi-hazard approach to assess risks and propose policy solutions.

Prerequisites: 420.601 Geological Foundations of Environmental Science and 420.608 Oceanic and Atmospheric Processes, equivalent courses, or experience

420.622 Ecotoxicology This course begins with an overview of the basic principles of ecology including trophic structure, food-web dynamics, bio-accumulation, and effects of toxic materials upon ecosystems and individual organisms. Students then are introduced to the principles of toxicology, including chemical action upon organisms, organ systems, and cellular functions. Models help to define fate and transport mechanisms, concentration effects, and selective toxicity. Also covered are toxicity testing, risk assessment, toxics reduction, and examples of bioremediation.


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420.623 Freshwater Ecology and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystems This course presents the basic principles underlying the move-ment of contaminants in the main environmental media: surface water, groundwater, and the atmosphere. These prin-ciples and the models built to understand and predict the transport of contaminants in different media are the tools to design remediation programs, provide the technical founda-tion of policy decisions, and support the evaluation of risk to the environment and human health caused by pollutants. The students will be able to ask the right questions of modelers, to understand the information provided by models as well as its limitations, and to communicate effectively this informa-tion to the public and decision makers. Students should have strong mathematical reasoning skills.


420.624 Contaminant TransportThis course presents the basic principles underlying the move-ment of contaminants in the main environmental media: surface water, groundwater, and the atmosphere. These prin-ciples and the models built to understand and predict the transport of contaminants in different media are the tools to design remediation programs, provide the technical founda-tion of policy decisions, and support the evaluation of risk to the environment and human health caused by pollutants. The students will be able to ask the right questions of modelers, to understand the information provided by models as well as its limitations, and to communicate effectively this informa-tion to the public and decision makers. Students should have strong mathematical reasoning skills.

Prerequisites: 420.604 Hydrology and Water Resources, equivalent course or experience

420.625 Chesapeake Bay: Ecology and Ecosystem Management This course examines the physical, chemical, and biological processes affecting coastal and estuarine ecosystems by using the Chesapeake Bay as a model system. Human influences on these ecosystems and the policy decisions made to man-age and minimize human impact are explored in lecture and seminar formats. Topics include the hydrodynamics of shallow tidal waters; energy and material flows and transformations; diversity and adaptation of plant, animal, and microbial com-munities; population and pollution ecology; and ecosystem management. Case histories illustrate problems in fisheries management and the eutrophication of the Chesapeake Bay. Field trips are part of the course.


420.626 Field Methods in Ecology In this course students conduct fieldwork in various ecosys-tems. Field methods include quadrate, transect, and SAV sampling, as well as various techniques for surveying animal communities and monitoring water quality. While analyzing their own data, students become familiar with concepts such as species-area curves, importance values, species diversity, and community similarity indices. Students also are intro-duced to paleoecological tools such as sediment coring. Several ecological processes including succession and the effect of disturbances on community structure are demonstrated. The significance, advantages, and disadvantages of various survey-ing methods are explored in classroom meetings, but for much of the course students conduct their studies in the forests, fields, and wetlands of the area. Fieldwork is scheduled for a succession of Saturdays; some sections may conduct field trips on one or two Fridays and/or Sundays.


420.627 Applied Ocean Science and PolicyThis course applies the basic principles of physical ocean-ography to a number of problems in marine environmental management. Lectures, seminars, and field trips are used to relate applications in marine pollution, marine resources, and marine transportation. A systems approach is presented that illustrates how physical oceanography, ecology, economics, and government policy can be combined to address issues in marine environmental management.

Prerequisite: 420.608 Oceanic and Atmospheric Processes, equivalent course, or experience

420.628 Ecology and Management of WetlandsThis course explores the biological, physical, chemical, and ecological aspects of tidal and non-tidal wetland ecosystems. Topics include wetland classification, valuation, function, and dynamics. Wetland modification and manipulation are analyzed through case studies of restoration, construction, and mitigation. The effects of federal and state laws, of various regulations, and of human perturbations are related to suc-cessful water management and the use of wetlands as biotic resources. Several field trips provide hands-on experience and demonstrate the significance of wetland mitigation, restora-tion, and construction projects.


420.631 Field Methods in Stream and Water Quality Assessment This course provides an overview of field methods used to sample and assess various biological, physical, and chemical components in streams, rivers, and lakes. It allows students to determine the impact human activity has on aquatic envi-ronments. Students gain hands-on experience with standard sampling techniques, and with the detection, identification, and quantification of biological specimens and chemical pol-

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lutants in the aquatic environment. Students discuss water quality standards and federal regulations such as the Clean Water Act and Safe Drinking Water Act. Also included are study design, gear selection, sample preservation, and safety. Basic approaches to analyze and report findings are covered, with emphasis on methods currently practiced by government resource agencies.


420.632 Air Quality Management This course examines the principles involved in the broad field of air quality, pollution, and management. Topics cov-ered include air pollution sources; air pollution transport and dispersion; pollution measurement and monitoring; air pollu-tion effects on human health, ecology, climate, and materials; indoor air quality; air quality standards; pollution trends; and regulatory control and control technology. The effectiveness of the Clean Air Act and associated regulation is analyzed.


420.633 geographic information Systems (giS) In this course, students become familiar with the concepts and gain the experience necessary to appreciate the utility of Geographic Information Systems in decisionmaking regarding environmental issues. Topics covered include the fundamen-tals of cartography, georeferencing, data structures, database design, project planning, and spatial data analysis. The course provides an overview of the capabilities of GIS software. Class time is divided between lectures and hands-on laboratory ses-sions that reinforce critical concepts. Completion of a term project is part of the course.

Prerequisite: working knowledge of personal computers

420.634 Bioremediation and Emerging Environmental Technologies The course presents the major present day technologies available for reclaiming contaminated resources and reduc-ing health risks. It covers the application of various physical and chemical technologies, but emphasizes the biological systems for the cleanup of hazardous chemicals. Students are introduced to the nature of hazardous waste, the behavior of chemicals in the subsurface, the biochemistry of microbial degradation, and technology applications. Students will become familiar with the technologies of stabilization, ther-mal desorption, air sparging, soil vapor extraction, chemical oxidation, and the various types of bioremediation, including bioventing, intrinsic remediation or monitored natural attenu-ation, enhanced natural attenuation, and bioventing. Students will learn to select appropriate technologies for more detailed assessment on their use for cleanup of contaminated sites, design a monitoring program for assessing the applicability of bioremediation for site cleanup, examine the analytical data from a site monitoring program and assess the applicability of various bioremediation techniques, develop biological concep-

tual models for natural attenuation, and understand the key principles for design.

Prerequisites: 420.601 Geological Foundations of Environmental Science and 420.604 Hydrology and Water Resources, equivalent courses, or experience

420.635 Chemical Ecology Chemical ecology involves the study of naturally occurring, chemically mediated interactions within and between spe-cies. In this course, practical aspects of chemical ecology are addressed, including the discovery of medicines from nature, the chemical control of agricultural pests, and proprietary issues relating to the development of pharmaceuticals and other products from native and non-native species. Among the topics covered are behavioral and ecological phenomena that involve chemical cues: defensive substances that thwart preda-tors; antibiotics; pollinator attractants; and the chemosensory detection of prey, predators, and mates. Students become familiar with the general chemical classes produced by plants, animals, and microbes.

Prerequisite: 420.611 Principles and Methods of Ecology, equivalent course, or experience.

420.636 Remote Sensing: Earth Observing Systems and Applications This course introduces remote sensing as an important tech-nology to further our understanding of Earth’s land, atmo-spheric, and oceanic processes. Students study remote sensing science, techniques, and satellite technologies to become familiar with the types of information that can be obtained and how this information can be applied in the natural and social sciences. Applications include assessment of land cover and land use; mapping and analysis of natural resources; weather and climate studies; pollution detection and monitor-ing; disaster monitoring; and identification of oceanographic features.


420.637 Biodiversity and Wildlife Conservation This course examines the meaning of biodiversity, the disci-plines associated with conservation biology, including tax-onomy, genetics, small population biology, chemical ecology, and marine biology. It explores how conservation biology differs from other natural sciences in theory and in applica-tion. Students learn the major threats to biodiversity and what natural and social science methods and alternatives are used to stop the threats. The course also explores the economic and cultural tradeoffs associated with each conservation measure at the global, national, regional, and local levels. The course is taught in the seminar-style with a different lecturer from the specific field covered each class session.


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420.639 landscape EcologyLandscape ecology is a rapidly developing area of study that explicitly examines the effects of spatial pattern and scale on ecological processes that unfold over areas of several square kilometers or larger. Thus, landscape ecology provides many concepts, tools, and approaches that will enhance the effective-ness of endeavors such as watershed management, ecosystem management, design of conservation reserves and green infra-structure, and smart growth. The goal of this course is to give students a firm grasp of the concepts of landscape ecology and of how they can be applied to enhance the effectiveness of envi-ronmental policy, management, regulation, and assessment.


420.640 Advanced giS for Environmental Modeling This course moves beyond the fundamentals of GIS to explore application to environmental problems. Students review cur-rent research in the field, learn relevant modeling techniques, and utilize advanced software tools for environmental analysis. Over the course of the semester, functional areas of model-ing are explored such as atmospheric and climate modeling, biosphere and terrestrial systems analysis (e.g., ecosystem, watershed, and surface hydrology analysis), and subsurface modeling. The course involves the use and integration of a variety of data sources including maps, GPS, and satellite imagery. Specific GIS techniques in network analysis, 3-D modeling, and spatial analysis issues are explored. The course consists of significant hands-on computer time, building on former GIS software experience. Tours of organizations using GIS for environmental analysis and resource management provide exposure to contemporary environmental operations. Guest lecturers present current research findings and applica-tion examples of GIS. Students develop a significant GIS proj-ect over the course of the semester and present their findings at the end.

Prerequisite: 420.633 Geographic Information Systems (GIS) or comparable GIS software experience.

Elective Policy Courses

420.629 drinking Water, Sanitation, and Health In this elective course students examine a number of scientific and public policy dilemmas related to the provision of safe drinking water and protection of human health in the U.S. and abroad. Through lectures, discussion, research and writ-ing, and exercises, participants in this course will first gain a basic understanding of the fundamentals of water supply, treatment, regulation, and sanitation, and will then focus on some unresolved issues that currently confront scientists, resource managers, and policymakers. These issues include controlling pathogens from urban and agricultural runoff, managing harmful by-products of the disinfection process, regulating arsenic in ground water, evaluating the risk posed by exposure to mixtures of contaminants, and confronting the

threat of terrorist attacks on water supplies. Students will be expected to recommend pathways that could lead to solutions.

Prerequisite: 420.604 Hydrology and Water Resources, equivalent course, or experience

420.630 Waste Policy This course addresses all aspects of waste management includ-ing waste generation, human health and environmental haz-ards, waste treatment and disposal methods, recycling, and the regulations that govern transportation and disposal of waste. Solid and hazardous forms of waste are discussed. Students examine laws and agency regulations to determine their effec-tiveness in reducing waste and in cleaning up and containing waste already generated.

Prerequisites: 420.614 Environmental Policymaking and Policy Analysis, equivalent course, or experience

420.638 Coastal geology and PolicyThe course is designed to provide the student with knowledge to address modern coastal, environmental, geologic, and pol-icy issues. The course will focus on the coasts, barrier-islands, major estuaries, and inner continental shelf areas of the United States. Fundamental coastal engineering principles will be described in order to address methods used for public works projects including hurricane protection, beach nourishment, and tidal inlet maintenance. The policies pertinent to man-agement and use of coastal environments will be studied. One weekend field trip will be required.

Prerequisite: 420.601 Geological Foundations for Environmental Sciences, equivalent course, or experience

420.641 natural Resource law and Policy This course introduces students to federal and state legislation and policies of critical importance in natural resource man-agement. Students explore such issues as regulation of ocean fishing, coastal zone management, mineral exploitation and associated environmental impact, water allocation and qual-ity, hazardous waste cleanup programs under the Superfund law, urban industrial infrastructure such as water and sewage systems, land use management, and water and air pollution control.

Prerequisite: 420.614 Environmental Policymaking and Policy Analysis, equivalent course, or experience

420.642 Public lands–Private interests: The Struggle for Common groundThis course prepares students to participate in the great debate over the use and protection of America’s federally owned forests, rangeland, parks, and sanctuaries. Students consider such questions as how much should be paid for graz-ing on federal lands; how to balance the demand for timber harvest with the need for watershed and wildlife management; who controls mineral and oil extraction on federal lands; and who has the rights to waters flowing through federal lands and stored behind federally funded dams. These and similar issues

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of today and tomorrow are studied in the context of history, statute and case law, and administrative regulations.


420.643 Environmentalism: History and literature This course looks at the human dimension of environmental issues by framing them within a historical perspective. The purpose is to understand the historical interactions among environmental activists, scientists, and policymakers in order to explore the significance of these past relationships on cur-rent environmental policymaking. The course considers early U.S. environmental history but focuses on the post-World War II era and the various institutions of modern environmen-talism. The course will examine changing ideas and attitudes toward nature and how these changes influence the shape of emerging environmental policies and the institutions that influence environmental policymaking. Materials include pri-mary and secondary historical texts and significant works from the American literature of environmentalism.

420.644 Sustainable Cities This course examines urbanization and its impacts on the envi-ronment. The goal of the course is to better understand how urbanization contributes to ecological damage as well as how cities can be constructed in ecologically healthy ways. Topics include land use planning transportation, waste, management, water quality, open space/greening, green building technology, urban design, and urban ecology. The course takes an inter-national perspective by using case studies of cities in North America, Europe, Asia, Latin America, and Africa. The case studies also include a wide range of cities with different popu-lations, geographic scale, and growth rates. Final projects are an in-depth study of one particular city of the student’s choice and its attempts to implement programs for sustainability.

Prerequisite: 420.614 Environmental Policymaking and Policy Analysis, equivalent course, or experience.

420.645 Environmental Challenges for Energy Policy The course examines two major sectors of energy policy, elec-tricity and transportation, and their impacts on air quality and climate change. Students will gain a solid understanding of the economics, technology, and regulatory structure of the electric-ity and transportation industries as well as developing the ana-lytical tools for assessing policy alternatives to deal with future domestic and international environmental challenges in air quality and climate policy. A full range of policy alternatives will be considered including traditional command and control-style regulations, emissions trading and other market-based tools, portfolio standards, and technology incentive approaches. The use of these mechanisms as well as their broader policy implications will be examined in the context of deregulated and regulated electricity markets at the state and federal levels as well as in the context of international climate negotiations.


420.646 Transportation Policy and Smart growth This course examines how transportation policy and decisions can alleviate or prevent problems resulting from urban sprawl. How can transportation decisions and planning contribute to more “livable” urban designs and land use patterns that pro-mote “smart growth”—growth that is environmentally and ecologically sustainable? Students discuss how different envi-ronmental media—land, water, and air—are affected by our transportation systems and resulting development patterns, and how the design of transportation systems—the highways, roads, transit systems, and bike and walk paths—can more closely harmonize with nature and provide communities with a better quality of life. A wide range of policy options is exam-ined, from altering the structure of road pricing to redesign-ing neighborhoods and altering urban form. A number of case studies are examined to illuminate the issues and principles raised in the course.


420.649 Strategic Management for SustainabilityThis course examines the “greening of industry” trend, its causes, and its implications for public policy. The course first examines environmental behavior from the strategic perspec-tive of firms and industry associations. From the old emphasis on legal compliance, leading firms now have turned to a much more strategic view, and many have adopted an explicit goal of promoting sustainability. We consider the causes of this behavior among leading firms and the many forms that it has taken, as well as the meanings of sustainability within the industrial sector. The course then turns to a consideration of how public policy has influenced this trend and to govern-ment’s response to these changes within industry. The course concludes with an evaluation of these policy responses and likely trends in industry and government.


420.650 international Environmental Policy This course explores the methods and strategies for promot-ing solutions to global environmental problems. Through consideration of issues such as stratospheric ozone deple-tion, global climate change, tropical deforestation, loss of biodiversity, transnational pollution, and other threats to the international commons, students examine policymaking from the perspective of developed and developing countries, the United Nations system, international financial entities, and nongovernmental interest groups. By investigating important international agreements, students determine how far the international community has come in solving specific prob-lems, what obstacles prevent effective international solutions, and what needs to be done to overcome barriers.


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2006–2007


420.651 Risk Assessment and Risk Management Analysis of risk is becoming an increasingly important com-ponent of regulatory decisionmaking. Based on the prem-ise that risk assessment has no “right” answers, this course explores what risk perception, risk management, and risk communication mean. Students are introduced to terminology and concepts necessary in risk communication. Case studies help to explain the complexities of risk assessment and man-agement. Students learn how to balance the costs and benefits of risk reduction and how to account for the uncertainties in risk estimates.


420.653 Practicum in Environmental PlanningIn this course, students tackle a “real world” environmental planning problem and complete a project for a specific cli-ent. The purpose of the course is to enable students to hone their skills in group projects and client-supported work. This semester students will work with the Army Corps of Engineers and the Baltimore Department of Planning on a wetlands restoration project on the Middle Branch in the Baltimore harbor. Students will be researching the impact of restoration on redevelopment in the adjacent neighbor-hoods, methods of developing open access to the waterfront, and supporting the redevelopment of brownfield sites in the neighborhood. This project will have a significant impact on making the wetlands restoration efforts successful and on cre-ating a viable community in a distressed area of the city. The course uses a mixed format of lecture and workshop.

420.654 Environmental and natural Resource Economics This course presents fundamental concepts of economic theory related to renewable, nonrenewable, and environmental resources. Topics covered include the economics of resource use and depletion, valuation of environmental benefits, natural resources and sustainable development, the role of government in controlling market failures, and how economic incentives can be used to protect the environment.

420.656 Environmental impact Assessment and decision Methods This course introduces the process of environmental impact assessment and policy decisionmaking as required under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and the regula-tions of the Council of Environmental Quality (CEQ). Topics include identification of purpose and need for any actions affecting the environment, development of objectives and decision criteria, and various techniques for assessing impact and comparing alternatives for a given environmental inter-vention. The strengths and weaknesses of various approaches are evaluated with techniques that allow analysis of multiple objectives and conflicting uses of environmental resources. The importance of scientific credibility and public acceptance is demonstrated with actual cases.


420.658 Markets, Competition, and the Environment This course investigates the importance of environmental issues as American business competes in U.S. and global markets, exploring such questions as how environmental law and public expectation about corporate environmental per-formance affect business decisions. The course looks beyond conventional wisdom about the economy and the environ-ment to determine how leading U.S. and global companies relate strategically to the public’s interest in environmental values. Guest lecturers from industry and U.S. government and global agencies engage students in discussion that seeks to delineate how industries and companies attempt to use the power of government and the influence of an environmentally concerned, risk-averse public to gain competitive advantage.

420.660 Strategies in Watershed ManagementThis course provides an overview of natural resource manage-ment using the watershed as an example. It proposes that water resources are a primary indicator of environmental qual-ity and that the watershed—of various dimensions—is an appropriate context for addressing resource management con-cerns. In addition to examining the theoretical framework for watershed management, the class will spend several weekends conducing extensive field research to produce watershed qual-ity management report for a selected watershed. Fieldwork will include documenting land use practices, tributary flow rates and characteristics, and water quality measurements for unit loading estimations, sediment sampling, and fish trawls. Some of this work will involve time on an EPA research vessel.

Prerequisites: 420.611 Principles and Methods of Ecology, equiva-lent course, or experience

420.680 Special Topics: Measuring Environmental PerformanceTopics related to environmental sciences and policy that are not part of the regular course offerings will be examined with a particular emphasis on the applied and problem-solving aspects of the topics. Possible topics include climate change, agriculture policy, or environmental justice.

420.800 independent graduate Project in Environmental Sciences and Policy Independent graduate project is required for students electing the MS degree with one of the concentrations. It is option, but strongly recommended that students who are not electing a concentration complete an independent project. Students must have completed at least eight courses in the program before completing an independent graduate project. The independent project enables students to apply and synthesize the material learned in other courses, develop expertise on a specific environmental topic, work closely with experts in the field of study, and improve professional writing and presenta-tion skills. Students who elect this option must identify a project topic and mentor who is both familiar with the cho-sen topic and willing to guide and oversee the project. The mentor may be a faculty member teaching in the program, a supervisor from the student’s place of work, or any expert

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with appropriate credentials. Students have an opportunity to attend proposal-writing workshops prior to the start of the course. Formal proposals must be submitted at least two weeks prior to the start of the semester in which the project is to be completed. The proposal must be reviewed by the program committee prior to enrollment in the course. Class meetings will include research methods, report writing, prog-ress reports and collaborative problem solving, and methods for presentation of data and results.

Cross-listed CoursesIn addition to the electives offered by Environmental Sciences and Policy, students can choose up to two approved electives from graduate courses in other programs at Johns Hopkins University. The following is a list of pre-approved courses that can be applied toward the Environmental Sciences and Policy degree. Students must meet all prerequisites of the course and should consult the appropriate catalog for additional informa-tion. Students who wish to take a course from another division of Hopkins, which is not on this list, may petition in writing to the associate chair for special permission.


Writing490.673-674-675 Science-Medical Writing Workshop

490.697 Science Fact and Fiction Biotechnology

government470.620 Environmental Policymaking in the

Global Economy

470.621 Public Policy and Participatory Government

liberal Arts450.714 Progress and the American Environment

Whiting School of Engineering575.404 Principles of Environmental Engineering

575.407 Radioactive Waste Management

575.423 Industrial Processes and Pollution Prevention

575.445 Environmental Microbiology

575.707 Environmental Compliance Management

575.727 Environmental Monitoring and Sampling

575.731 Water Resources Planning

575.747 Environmental Project Management


786.701 The Nonprofit Sector: Scope, Structure, and Dynamics

786.702 Managing the Nonprofit Organization: A Strategic Framework

786.706 Resource Development (Fundraising)

786.704 Financial Management for Nonprofits

786.713 Evaluation and Monitoring for Nonprofits

761.724 Project and Team Management

767.651 Environmental Issues in Real Estate

767.695 Urban Redevelopment

Bloomberg School of Public Health180.601 Environmental Health

180.611 The Global Environment and Public Health

182.626 Tropical Environmental Health

182.640 Food and Water-borne Diseases

183.641 The Health Effects of Indoor and Outdoor Air Pollution

187.610 Principles of Toxicology

188.680 Fundamentals of Occupational Health

340.601 Principles of Epidemiology

Note: Classes taken at the Whiting School of Engineering, the School of Professional Studies in Business and Education, and the Bloomberg School of Public Health will require an interdivisional registration form. You can obtain an inter-divisional registration form from the AAP Registration Department in Washington, DC at 202-452-1952 or email-ing [email protected].

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2006–2007


Master of Arts in government In today’s world, while specialization in one field is advantageous, it is also criti-cally important to have a broader base of knowledge to understand the role and function of government and how it impacts the economy and society. Scientists, lawyers, economists, lobbyists, consultants, policy analysts, and managers working in government, business, or social organizations all benefit from a more compre-hensive knowledge of the various governmental components, how they interact, and how they comply with their mandated accountability in administering the affairs of the state.

Students in the Master of Arts in Government program are given the tools to examine the governmental and social institutions in our society, to assess prospects for reform, and to effect change. At the Johns Hopkins University Washington Center for the Study of American Government, students use their graduate stud-ies to better inform their work and find their practical work experience augments their graduate studies. The program brings the theory and practice of government, politics, and policymaking together for those working in the Washington, D.C. area while completing their master’s degree. It is designed as a part-time gradu-ate program, but students have the option of accelerating their course of study by attending full time.

Program Committee

Benjamin GinsbergDavid Berman Professor of Political Science, Director of the Center for the Study of American Government, and Program Chair

Kathy Wagner HillAssociate Program Chair

Matthew A. CrensonProfessor of Political Science

Steven DavidProfessor of Political Science

Robert H. KargonWillis K. Shepard Professor of History of Science, Medicine, and Technology

Admission RequirementsIn addition to the materials and creden-tials required for all programs, the Master of Arts in Government also requires:

CredentialsA grade point average of at least 3.0 on a 4.0 scale in the latter half of undergradu-ate studies; particular interests and work experience will also be considered.



• two letters of recommendation

• a statement of purpose that explains the applicant’s reasons for seeking admission and his or her professional goals

Course Requirements • two core courses

• seven elective courses and symposia

• final thesis course

For more information about core and elective courses, please see the Course Descriptions below. Please note that not all courses are available each semes-ter. Consult the Government Course Schedule for current course offerings.

Throughout their studies, students should consider possible topics and gather relevant information and data so that early in their final semester they can complete their research and begin writing the thesis. To be acceptable, the thesis must address an important issue in contemporary government.

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For information on exact dates, times, locations, fees, and instructors for any term, students should consult the Advanced Academic Programs Course Schedule (http://advanced.jhu.edu) available several months before each term begins. Courses are open only to students who meet enroll-ment requirements.

CurriculumThe curriculum of the Hopkins Master of Arts in Government program is designed for working adult students who have specialized skills in a particular field and desire the broader perspective necessary for leadership in politics and admin-istration. The courses are based on the latest scholarly and scientific knowledge, but emphasize the application of such knowledge to practical governmental, political, and policy-making problems of today. Classes are designed to maximize individual attention, encourage student contribution, build analytical skills, and provide the tools for engaging in original research. All of this leads to lively and stimulating seminar discussions and an enriching graduate school experience. There is an active speaker and seminar calendar of events as well, and students are required to attend two such events for each course they take. Throughout their studies, students consider possible topics and gather relevant information and data so that early in their final semester they can complete their research and begin writing the thesis. Students take the two core courses, Government and Politics in the United States and Methods of Social Inquiry, which introduce the basic tenets of government and politics and the methodology of social scientific inquiry. Students continue through the pro-gram preparing for their master’s thesis, which is the 10th and final course in their academic work.

There are three concentrations offered in the Government Program for students choosing to specialize their stud-ies in one of these specific areas: Political Communication; Homeland Security; and Law and Justice. The concentra-tion in Political Communication provides students with the opportunity to study with practitioners in the field: reporters, political operatives, journalists, and campaign and news and media professionals. The concentration in Homeland Security covers the fundamentals of administering and preserving American security. The concentration in Law and Justice pro-vides students with an opportunity to better understand the interaction between political and governmental institutions in the legal and criminal justice system and related legal and ethical issues.

Students must complete two cores, seven electives and sympo-sia, and a final thesis to be awarded an M.A. in Government. In addition, students may identify a concentration in one of the fields below.

Cores and Thesis 470.602 Government and Politics in the United States

470.604 Methods of Social Inquiry

470.800 Research and Thesis

Political Communication Concentration (select four)

470.622 Interest Groups, Lobbying, and Policymaking

470.631 Public Opinion and American Democracy

470.652 Political Psychology

470.657 Politics, Media and the Culture Wars

480.603 Political Economy of Mass Communication


480.655 Public Affairs: Shaping Public Opinion, Driving Public Policy


480.660 Media Relations


480.662 The Social Psychology of Persuasion

480.668 Electronic Democracy

480.670 Communications Law and Policymaking

480.677 Grassroots Political Communication

Homeland Security Concentration (select four) 470.632 Defense Policy

470.634 Foreign Policy in the Age of Global Terrorism

470.635 Executive Politics and Policymaking

470.651 Corruption and Other Pathologies of Government

470.653 Contemporary Russian Politics

470.654 Government and the Global Economy

470.661 Constitutional Law

470.662 Theory and Politics of Terrorism

470.663 Administering Homeland Security

470.664 War, Humane Behavior, and Morality

470.669 Seminar in Homeland Security

470.671 Politics, Language, and Culture of the Arab World

470.672 Politics, Language, and Culture of Iran

470.674 Administrative Law

410.694 Microbial Pathogens and the Impact on National Security

406.661 Preserving American Security in a Dangerous World

406.662 Threats to America’s National Security: Theory and History


406.671 Homeland Security and the Legislative Branch

406.678 Science and Biodefense

Concentration in law and Justice (two required, select two others)

470.660 Foundations of Law and Justice (required)

470.661 Constitutional Law (required)

470.616 Law of Public Institutions

470.617 The Courts as Agents of Change

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2006–2007


470.662 The Theory and Practice of Terrorism

470.671 Courts, Trails, and Sentencing

470.673 Seminar in Criminal Justice

470.674 Administrative Law

Course descriptions

Core Courses The two core courses introduce the basic tenets of government and politics and the methodology of social scientific inquiry. They must be among the first three courses in which a student enrolls because early completion of the core courses is of ben-efit in the electives that follow.

470.602 government and Politics in the United StatesMany Americans believe that good government should some-how be divorced from politics. Government and politics are, however, fundamentally inseparable. This course examines the reciprocal relationship between government and popular and institutional politics in modern America. The politics and policies of the New Deal, the New Frontier, the Great Society, and the post-9/11 American experience are investigated and compared.

470.604 Methods of Social inquiry This course introduces students to the methods used by politi-cal scientists to assess our political system and policymaking process. While many students of government make extensive use of quantitative methods, often the information needed for analysis cannot be obtained in or reduced to numeri-cal form. This course primarily focuses on non-quantitative research techniques for the collection and analysis of informa-tion. Conventional statistical techniques will be reviewed with an emphasis on how to use and interpret statistical data. The required texts for the course address both quantitative and qualitative methods for political research and analysis. Students also will read classic articles in the field that exem-plify a particular type of methodology. The course culminates with students writing a prospectus for their master’s thesis.

Elective Courses Electives need to be chosen in consultation with the student’s advisor and should accommodate professional and/or personal goals. Students may also consider and take up to two of the relevant offerings of the School of Public Health, the School of Advanced International Studies, and of other programs in the School of Arts and Sciences.

470.610 American Political ThoughtThis course explores the founding principles—their origins, rationale, and adequacy—of American government. Students consider the philosophical moorings of our political insti-tutions and follow the debate between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists in order to assess the manifestation of these principles in our political culture. One of the major questions

investigated is whether the principles embodied in America’s founding are sufficient to ensure the health of our liberal democracy or whether, as suggested by de Tocqueville, we need to enlarge the Founders’ vision with a “new political science.”

470.611 American Conservative Political ThoughtThis course examines the different strands of American conser-vative political thought. Readings from Edmund Burke, Leo Strauss, Michael Oakeshott, Russell Kirk, T.S. Eliot, Friedrich Hayek, and others help students to delineate the intellectual foundations of modern conservative thought. Students focus on the trajectory of American conservative political thought from the founding to the present and compare Southern con-servative, neoconservative, religious conservative, and libertar-ian writers.

470.614 American liberal Political Thought This course examines the development of American liberal-ism, beginning with its intellectual foundation in 17th- century Europe and ending with contemporary American liberal thought. Readings are from John Locke, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Thomas Paine, Thomas Jefferson, John Stuart Mill, Woodrow Wilson, John Dewey, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Martin Luther King Jr., John Rawls, Betty Friedan, Ronald Dworkin, and others. Students consider what it means to be a “liberal” today.

470.616 law of Public institutions Since laws determine the missions of federal departments and agencies and their ability to carry out these missions, it is cru-cial that students of American government have a solid under-standing of these laws. Focusing on specific institutions and cases, students become familiar with major laws, regulations, procedures, judicial decisions, and their practical consequences for the operation of the federal government. Students also investigate the relationship of government to the private sector.

470.617 The Courts as Agents of ChangeAmericans traditionally have viewed the courts as—in the words of a constitutional scholar—“the least dangerous branch of government.” They are seen as reflectors, not agents, of change. But in an age of government downsizing, the role of the courts bears renewed examination. Students explore the historical and philosophical roots for the notion that American courts, and the lawyers who appear before them, can and should make law and policy, and the alternatives to this function. Students consider prominent areas of public policy that have been shaped by the courts. Such areas include public policy regarding civil rights, family and domestic law, environmental and safety regulation, and the regulation of business and commerce. At the end of the course, students are asked to evaluate the implications of the courts’ involvement in important current policy issues such as the regulation of the tobacco and computer industries.

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470.618 Congressional PolicymakingThis course deals with the origins of legislation and how bills are processed through subcommittee, committee, and floor activities. Students are introduced to the many variables that influence the progress of a given bill. Students discuss House and Senate leadership and the ways in which congressional leaders contribute to overall policy outcomes.

470.619 State Politics and Policymaking This course provides an introduction to the form and func-tion of state governments around the United States and the issues they are currently facing. During the semester, the course explores the interplay between the U.S. Congress and State Legislatures, the ways in which policies enacted by state government impact our daily lives, and the intricacies of the political process at the state level. Special emphasis will be placed on key issues currently being debated in many state capitals pertaining to gay marriage, gambling, health care, higher education, transportation infrastructure and the envi-ronment. A visit to the Maryland General Assembly for a visit with the Governor and legislative leaders might be arranged.

470.620 Environmental Policymaking in the global Economy (formerly Environmental Law and Politics)Governments and companies around the world are changing the ways in which they address environmental protection. In the United States, the costly and burdensome implementa-tion of the command-and-control system of environmental regulation devised in the 1970s continues to spur innovative alternatives. These alternatives rely on “beyond compliance” incentives for businesses and mechanisms to conserve gov-ernment resources while reaping measurable environmental benefits. Students in this course examine the different policy approaches being taken domestically and internationally and determine if they are sufficient to address the environmental issues posing the greatest challenges to the planet. Problems investigated include climate change and chemical risks in our food, water, and workplace. Pollution prevention and sustain-able development programs, such as the voluntary ISO 14000 environmental management standards, are examined. The impact of the “greening” of the global economy on general business practices and public policy responses is also assessed.

470.621 Public Policy and Participatory governmentThe drive toward greater participation in our democracy continues. More openness in the administrative process has resulted in more openness in the policymaking system. Citizen suits, increased use of referenda, and right-to-know legislation have had consequences in each of the branches of government. Students in this course are introduced to the historical background of participatory democracy. They then explore the specific kinds of participation possible in the modern technological age. Case studies of policy areas such as health care and environmental protection help to assess what more participation and more public access mean for the policy process and our system of representative democracy.

470.622 interest groups, lobbying, and PolicymakingThis course examines the role of interest groups in American politics and how they seek to influence public policymaking. The media and many Washington observers believe interest groups and lobbyists exert too much influence; many political scientists take an opposite view. This course weighs each posi-tion. Other topics include the role of PACs and grassroots pro-grams; the tactics and techniques employed by Washington lobbyists; the influence of foreign interests; recent lobbying reforms and the need, if any, for further reform.

470.623 Money, Politics,* and Corruption Many consider money to be the root of all evil in politics. They believe campaign contributions distort elections and cor-rupt Congress, leading to favors for corporations, the rich, and other special interests. Such critics say money is destroying democracy in favor of the rule of a wealthy elite. These criti-cism led Congress to pass laws regulating money in politics in 1974 and 2002. This course will examine both normative and empirical questions about money in politics. The normative side will focus on values like equality, electoral integrity, and freedom. The empirical part will consider what scholars have discovered about money in politics (including the effects of money, the role of political parties, and presidential fundrais-ing), what Americans believe about money and politics, and how regulations have worked. Guest speakers will discuss and debate the role of money in politics and policymaking.

470.627 government and the American Economy Many Americans believe that there was a time when citizens were free of government controls. But there always have been significant government controls, which in our day we call public policies. This course analyzes major economic policy tools and their advantages and disadvantages. It provides an overview of issues confronting the American economy today including productivity, employment, international trade, and distribution of wealth and incomes. Students explore specific policy tools available to influence economic outcomes, among them monetary and fiscal policy, trade regulation, grant mak-ing, entitlement spending, and specialized interventions such as health care.

670.628 Parties, Campaigns, and Elections (formerly Modern Political Campaigns)Students in this course gain a practical understanding of the election process. Logistical issues to be explored include the campaign structure, hierarchy, field operations, precinct orga-nization, scheduling, advance, voter targeting, and budgets. Students come to appreciate the importance of campaign financing, contemporary advertising techniques, the manipu-lation of the press, and the increasing power of campaign consultants. Course materials distinguish between local and national campaigns and discuss the impact of trends, issues, and ideology, as well as the relationship between campaigning and public policy. The complexity of the process is demon-strated by dissecting a number of recent campaigns.

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2006–2007


470.630 government, Banking, and the Financial System(formerly Government and the Credit Markets) Support for credit markets is one of government’s most important responsibilities. Yet few appreciate the scale of the government’s involvement. This course examines policy tools the federal government uses to improve the performance of financial markets and enhance the flow of credit to serve pub-lic purposes. Students focus on the commercial banking sys-tem, federal deposit insurance, the Federal Reserve System and monetary policy; specialized lenders such as thrift institutions and government-sponsored enterprises; and federal loan and loan guarantee programs for housing, education, agriculture, and business. Topics also include the balance between the public sector and private financial institutions and the appro-priate role of government in today’s fluid economy.

470.631 Public Opinion and American democracyPublic opinion powerfully influences American politics and policymaking. This course examines public opinion in the light of both democratic ideals and political realities. It begins with a look at the history and theory of how public opinion should function in a democracy. Other parts of this course will look at how public opinion is formed and whether it affects public policy. In this course, students will consider how those opinions have changed over time. Students will also examine how government shapes as well as reflects public opinion.

470.632 defense Policy Today’s military is undergoing dramatic transitions from its Cold War force structure to the force structure suited to an interwar period with respect to great power conflict. This course provides students with an understanding of defense policymaking in a period characterized by strategic uncer-tainty. It poses the question of whether the United States is producing a smaller Cold War military or a different force aligned with present needs. The course pays particular atten-tion to the character, organization, and equipment of the uniformed services, the civilian leadership in the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the senior uniformed leadership in the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and congressional and executive office participation in the budget process. Course materials respond to current events.

470.634 Foreign Policy in the Age of global Terrorism (formerly Foreign Policy) This course examines the key challenges facing U.S. foreign policy in the new international security environment of the 21st century. Foremost among these challenges are the threats of global terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and the increasing prospects for terrorist groups to acquire such weapons. The various strategies and policies of the United States for coping with these threats are evaluated, including consideration of the constraints that act to impede realization of U.S. objectives. Case studies of coercive diplo-macy are given special attention as are U.S. efforts to build international security regimes and regional security structures. The rise of radical Islamic fundamentalism is given sustained

attention. Other topics considered in the course include the increasing role of the United States in the politics of Central Asia; the emergence of serious rifts in the transatlantic alli-ance; the growing concerns of the United States regarding the nuclear ambitions of North Korea and Iran; and the U.S. role in promoting democracy abroad.

470.635 Executive Politics and PolicymakingThe founders may have envisioned Congress as the premier branch of the federal government, but in the 20th century the president and the executive branch have typically occu-pied that position. This course examines presidential and bureaucratic power in the American political system. Students explore the political and policymaking dynamics at the top executive levels and within the bureaucracy. They also inves-tigate the factors that account for variations in the power exercised by officials and consider the relationship between the executive branch and other centers of power in American politics. Finally, students will learn the processes and tools utilized by policymakers in the executive branch. In the final part of the course, students will participate in a simulation that will offer them the opportunity to see firsthand how the policymaking process operates in the executive branch.

470.636 Policy and Communications: The international Stage This course teaches the skills to both participate in and under-stand modern media and examines how communications influence public opinion. Guest speakers with senior-level experience in modern communications policy will discuss their roles in how the media and communication strategies influence public opinion. The course will address competi-tive writing, communications strategy, communication plan-ning and execution, news analysis, and basic rules of media relations. A comparison of executive and legislative branch communications and strategies, the importance of visuals in modern communications, and how communications has changed over time will also be examined.

470.638 negotiating as a leadership Skill Conflict is part of organizational life. People in public sector agencies and nonprofit and for-profit organizations disagree over the meaning of regulations, the use of financial resources, office space, leave time, and many other issues. Managers must have the ability to diagnose disputes and to negoti-ate effectively to resolve conflicts. This course provides the theoretical background and conceptual framework needed for successful negotiation and mediation. Through presentations and discussions students become familiar with the tools neces-sary for conflict resolution in their agencies and organizations. Analysis of a party’s interests, identification of the necessary style, awareness of communication skills, and planning and feedback are part of the process of becoming an accomplished negotiator. Students practice their negotiating skills by get-ting involved in hypothetical cases.

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470.639 The nature of nonprofits: Culture, governance, and ManagementThis course examines the nature and culture of nonprofit orga-nizations. Students consider the strengths, constraints, and unique characteristics of a sector that has captured surpris-ingly little attention from policy analysts, but upon which government and the public increasingly rely for social services, education, and health care. Case studies help to illustrate and define the decision-making processes, management, and operational style of this important part of the nation’s service delivery infrastructure.

470.640 Media and PoliticsWill the media rule the next presidential campaign? With firsthand testimony from veteran reporters and political opera-tives, this course will illuminate the interaction of journalism and politics that has transformed the way Americans choose their presidents. The lectures and readings will demonstrate that practitioners of both professions bear responsibility for the flaws of the modern system. From the seminal year of 1968 to the Bush-Gore cliffhanger of 2000, students will ana-lyze the lessons of past struggles for the White House and use them as a prism for viewing the early skirmishes of the incipi-ent campaign of 2004 and, more broadly, as a guide to a fuller understanding of national politics.

470.641 From government to governance: Privatization, Contracting Out, and the new Public Service (formerly Government by Contractors and Other Third Parties)In the global transformation from government to gover-nance—the performance of public purposes by a mix of state, market, and civil society actors—the United States has pio-neered in the deployment of private contractors and grantees to perform the basic work of government. Since World War II the federal budget has grown dramatically, and federal programs have multiplied. But there has not been an increase in the size of the civil service workforce. How is government’s work done? This course explores growing official reliance on contrac-tors, grantees, and other third parties in the performance of the basic work of government. The course will investigate the historical, philosophical, and legal underpinnings of the rapid 20th-century growth of third party use; consider the current roles of third parties in critical government activities including nation building, Homeland security, and health care, and place American developments in the context of the ongoing global transformation from government to governance.

470.645 The Budgetary ProcessThe federal budget process is an enormously complex mixture of administrative routines and mechanisms designed to bias decisions, avoid blame, or reduce conflict. This course explores the structures of federal budgeting in terms of its varied goals and in the context of the wider governing process. The course will review the budgetary process in both the executive and congressional branching, as well as the interaction of those two systems. In order to gain understanding of the difficult policy choices and political pressures policymakers face, stu-

dents will be asked to do a simulation of a budget process within the executive branch. The role of entitlements, scoring issues, and tax policy will be examined in the context of the debate over budget policy. The course will start with a short primer on finance theory.

470.646 Social Welfare PolicyAmerican social welfare policy has changed significantly in recent years. This course explores these developments in the context of the nation’s history and political institutions. The course details programs for low-income families, in particular cash assistance and work support programs, tax expenditures, initiatives for children, Medicaid, and Food Stamps, and with attention also to housing, Social Security, and health policy more broadly. Students examine the role of national and state political institutions, federalism, race relations, and Americans’ traditional preference for private solutions to social problems.

470.647 international Security and America’s Role in a Troubled WorldThis course examines the changing requirements for global security and considers the response of the U.S. to meet new kinds of threats. Using domestic policy debates as a backdrop, students explore U.S. security objectives that include strategic and military dimensions but also economic and environmental concerns. In a world that is becoming increasingly interdepen-dent, ethnic nationalism, international migration, and envi-ronmental and economic mismanagement pose new challenges to the world community in general and to the only remaining superpower in particular. This course focuses on the various kinds of international and regional organizations required to meet the global community’s need for security. Students also consider how American foreign policy and diplomacy can make an effective contribution.

470.649 Politics of government Reform Government reform is a constant in the United States and is often linked to the division of power between Congress and the executive branch. Reforms address the structure of Congress, term limits, the initiative and referendum, the long and short ballot, and the legislative veto. Often proposed reforms are directed at de-politicizing the processes of govern-ment. At the same time, there has also been a long history of administrative reform including structural change, applying scientific management and new technology, and changing organization culture, including civil service reform. Recent administrative reforms have included efforts to “reinvent” and to apply the practices of business in government. Some of the proposals include “liberation management,” delayer-ing, delegation, and privatization. This course is designed to provide an understanding of both legislative and administra-tive reform and their long-range consequences. Attempts that have been undertaken to assess the outcomes of these reforms will be reviewed. A review of the current administration’s “Presidential Management Agenda” will be included.

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470.650 The American Experience Post 9/11

(formerly American by Experiment and Design)

From the Founding Fathers to the denizens of today’s think tanks, a central question for American government has been whether “good government” can be established by “reflec-tion and choice” or whether societies are destined to depend on “accident and force.” Beginning with the drafters of the Constitution, a document that was to initiate a “great experi-ment,” and continuing through the Progressive Era, the New Deal, and the Great Society, lay and professional experts—including prominent Johns Hopkins graduates and faculty such as Woodrow Wilson, and John Dewey—have sought to provide intelligence, purpose, and method to the course of government. The end of the Cold War and 9/11 may again bring America into a new age of great experimentation.

470.651 Corruption and Other Pathologies of government

A disturbing number of governments in the world are bad; they are corrupt, tyrannical, incompetent, or destruc-tive. Authoritarian, self-serving leaders misallocate national resources, steal elections, terrorize citizens, and line their own pockets. Social programs are neglected and the will of the people ignored. Corruption becomes a way of life. Democracy and the rule of law are frustrated, and pathological policies and practices are made legal. Regulations, instead of protect-ing the public, become instruments of tyranny and petty bureaucracy. How do these things happen? How do we tell them when and why governments become “pathological”? The nature of such pathologies will be examined and frame-works for evaluation presented, drawing on theoretical work, as well as real life international examples and case studies from the U.S. and around the world. Most important, the course will analyze how government pathologies can be prevented, mitigated, or resisted. Various practical means for the detec-tion and reduction of corruption will be examined.


This course examines the collapse of communism, focusing on the pivotal role of the loss of faith in the Soviet ideology. It examines the moral vacuum bequeathed to Russia by commu-nism and the failure of the post-Soviet reformers to establish a state based on law. Finally, it will consider the rise of a busi-ness criminal elite in Russia and its takeover of the machinery of the state, leading to the impoverishment and demoraliza-tion of the great majority of the population.

470.654 government and the global Economy

This course seeks to give students a thorough understanding of the economic and political forces that have shaped what states, both historically and presently, can and cannot do in the world economy. The focus is both historical and analyti-cal, beginning with state responses to the Great Depression in the 1920s and ending with the development of new sources of uncertainty and crisis in the “globalized” institutions of bank-ing, finance, and trade of the present era.

470.655 democracy, development, and globalizationIn this course, the main themes and issues that characterize the relationship between the issues of development, democ-racy, and globalization are introduced and examined. The first part of the course focuses on the issue of development and investigates issues such as whether there is such a thing as political development in the same way as we think about economic development. The second section of the course explores whether the process of economic development actu-ally fares better or worse under democratic regimes and if in fact there is any necessary connection between democracy and successful economic development. In the third and final part of the course, students analyze globalization as the spread of integrated markets, increasingly mobile capital, and common economic policies and practices and ask whether this “new” world economic order enhances or inhibits prospects for devel-opment and democracy.

470.656 Presidential Power and Politics This course examines the historical and institutional develop-ment of the American presidency. We will pay particular atten-tion to the growth in executive powers, institutional capacities, and public expectations associated with the “modern” presi-dency. In addition, we will consider how shifting partisan alignments and political contexts have shaped presidential leadership from George Washington to George W. Bush.

470.657 Politics, Media, and the Culture WarsThis course examines the political impact of cultural conflict and the prominent role played by the press, television, and the newer forms of media in fanning the flames of cultural conflict. The Culture War has simmered and seethed since the birth of the nation, pitting traditionalists, unrelenting defenders of the social orthodoxy, against modernists agitat-ing for social change. In the turbulent decade of the 1960s the Culture War erupted in the political arena where it thunders on today, escalated by the mass media. Students will first look at cultural conflict in the early 20th century when the KKK was riding high and evolution, Prohibition, and Al Smith’s Catholicism bitterly divided the nation. Then students will focus on how cultural passions were ignited by the Vietnam War and the civil rights revolution and the impact of the pub-lic witnessing this turmoil in their living room on television. The role of the Culture War in the Clinton impeachment, the 2000 election campaign, the nation’s response to the terror-ist assaults of 9/11 and its dramatic impact on the election of 2004 will also be explored.

470.660 Foundations of law and JusticeThis is a survey course that examines the conflicting demands, roles, and choices that face law enforcement in a democratic society. This critical analysis explores the challenges confront-ing the senior practitioner, as well as those that policymakers in the area of law enforcement must consider. It examines such areas as recruitment, training, socialization, the police subcul-ture, management and organization, ethics, police deviance, minorities in law enforcement, and the use of force.

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470.661 Constitutional law

This survey course is designed to introduce students to the foundations of our constitutional system and constitutional analysis. Discussions will focus on the law as well as related policy, political, and societal implications of constitutional interpretation. The course will explore such areas as the roles and powers of the branches of federal government, separation of powers, federalism, and the commerce clause. It will also cover individual rights, due process, equal protection, church and state, and economic liberties.

470.662 The Theory and Practice of Terrorism

This course is designed to allow the criminal justice profes-sional, policymakers, and others to understand better the impact of terrorism on political and governmental institu-tions. Terrorism is a tool used by some groups to achieve social change. This causes consternation for government and society as a whole because it disrupts the basic social contract. Acts of terrorism have two sets of victims: those immediately affected by the act and the entire society which loses a sense of security and confidence that governmental institutions can maintain social order. The emphasis of the course is both a descriptive and an analytical approach to terrorism. This course will exam-ine areas such as terrorism as a crime, the history of terrorism, the rise of modern terrorism, weapons of mass destruction, cyberterrorism, terrorism and the media, and the impact of terrorism on national security policy.


Working with other agencies, the new Department of Homeland Security must protect the country from a broad range of potential threats. High performance is essential. How should the government carry out its responsibilities? How should the federal government coordinate with health-care providers and state and local public health departments? What are the tradeoffs between citizen rights and homeland security? How can the federal government work with private organizations to protect important national infrastructure and systems? This course will take a “tools of government” approach to these and other questions of administering home-land security.


This course examines the nature of war and its relationship to morality. It is not a course in either philosophy or theol-ogy; rather it assesses case studies drawn from history and literature to address issues that penetrate to the heart of war and its relationships to humane behavior and morality (if any). Assigned books include The Western Way of War; War and Peace; We Were Soldiers Once…and Young; A War to Be Won, Fighting the Second World War; The Peloponnesian War; The Trojan Women; Dereliction of Duty; and Downfall. This course is part of the Aitchison Public Service Undergraduate Fellowship in Government program offered by Johns Hopkins in Washington, D.C., beginning fall 2003.

470.667 The Administrative State: How Washington Regulates The regulatory process is neither simple nor straightforward. Congress writes the laws, which authorize or require the fed-eral agencies to act (or prohibit them from acting). This course will explore why Congress delegates to the agencies, how much it may delegate, and how it influences the use of the power it has delegated. Most of the federal agencies are in the executive branch of the government, headed by the president; the rest are so-called independent regulatory agencies. How much authority does the president have in appointments and removal and in policy guidance, and what means does he use to exercise that power? What are the procedural requirements the agencies must follow in developing regulations? What are the substantive requirements (e.g., the role of science and eco-nomics)? What influence does the public have, including the general public, the states and local governmental entities, and the special interests? The course will conclude with the role of the courts, which ultimately must decide questions of statu-tory interpretation and constitutional law.

Cross-listed with the Biotechnology Program

470.669 Seminar in Homeland Security AdministrationThe United States faces a broad range of threats. Major home-land security efforts include border security, immigration control, protection of infrastructure, biodefense, and incident response. This course will explore these and other selected top-ics in depth. Students will be expected to produce an advanced research paper on an approved topic relating to homeland security. By the end of the class students will have a good pic-ture of the process of administering homeland security—our progress and shortcomings in critical areas.

Prerequisite: Completion of a course on administering homeland security or instructor approval

470.673 Seminar in Criminal Justice AdministrationThis course focuses on the interaction between governmental institutions and the criminal justice system. Students examine both the classical and contemporary thought and principles of management. The emphasis is on an analytical rather than a descriptive approach to the role of criminal justice systems within a bureaucratic framework. The course explores the development and management and organizational theory, group influence on the organization, leadership and manage-ment, external and internal influences, control and account-ability, organizational change and development, planning and decision making, and related topics.

470.674 Administrative lawThis survey course will cover the foundations of administrative law, such as the role of administrative law in the U.S. legal system and the basis of authority of administrative agencies vis-à-vis the legislative and judicial branches of government. Topics of inquiry will include the rule-making, investigatory and adjudicatory powers of agencies; due process; scope and implementation of open government laws; judicial review of agency actions; and doctrines of exhaustion, finality and

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ripeness. Discussions will include consideration of case-law development, policy implications, and political influences of agency actions.

470.677 governing in China and America: Comparisons and BridgesEvery day Americans open newspapers and other media to find articles about China’s remarkable accomplishments and the problems that it still faces. Every day the Chinese learn about developments in the United States from television or through other media. Yet, China remains a mystery to most Americans and America remains a land of dreams for most Chinese. In the globalizing world, Chinese and Americans increasingly use the same words to discuss issues of the day, but the mean-ings of the words may differ. This course will bring together students and scholars from two leading universities to pro-vide an introduction to one another of China and American domestic politics and government, of Sino-American relations, and of the way in which scholars and students in China and America see their own countries and one another’s countries. The course features interactive teleconferences with a gradu-ate class at Fudan University’s Center for American Studies in Shanghai, China. In addition to the teleconferencing, the course will be taught online, but also feature a number of guest speakers.

470.688 Political institutions and the Policy ProcessBridging the divide between political science theories of policymaking and the actual workings of the policy process in the institutions of national government, this course exam-ines the individual contributions of each of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government as well as the interactions and struggles between those branches. How do these various institutions set the policy agenda, develop and deliberate policy alternatives, make authoritative policy deci-sions, and implement those decisions? In what ways are the interactions between these institutions best considered con-flict or cooperation? Also, how do outside actors and institu-tions—the media, interest groups, public opinion, parties and campaigns—affect policymaking in these various institutional settings? Drawing on the constitutional design and histori-cal development of these institutions as well as contemporary practice, this course examines the purposes, processes, and outcomes of policymaking from an institutional perspective.

470.689 growing Apart? America and Europe in the 21st CenturyThe tension between the United States and Europe over the war in Iraq, as well as the casting of an “Old Europe,” a “New Europe,” and a “go-it-alone” America has brought into sharp relief that the two major high income centers of the world economy may be following very different paths of develop-ment, politically, economically, and culturally. This course surveys how America and Europe are both similar and dif-ferent, and how, despite the supposed homogenizing effects of globalization, those differences are actually becoming more, rather than less, pronounced over time. The class will

examine how the U.S. and Europe have developed politically, economically, and culturally, sometimes along similar lines and sometimes along quite different lines. This course traces these developments and surveys why this historical moment seems to be one of “growing apart” and what still holds them together despite such differences.

470.692 Military Strategy and national Policy“War is the extension of politics by other means.” This course aims to understand how and why states use force in pursuit of their national interest. This class will study the classical theories of warfare, including Clausewitz and Sun Tzu. Case studies in warfare from the 19th and 20th centuries will be used to develop a model of how states have traditionally used war to accomplish their political aims. In addition, the technological and political shifts of the last decade will be explored to determine what they imply about how states can and will use force in the future as a part of their comprehensive national security policies.

470.693 national SecuritySince the Second World War, the United States military instrument has grown increasingly isolated from the other instruments of national power. The needs of the post–Cold War era are, however, for the more sophisticated orchestra-tion of all instruments of national power. Students will be presented with the relevant concepts of international rela-tions theory, national security strategy, legislation, and the executive branch organizations that wield the instruments of national power. The course pays particular attention to the National Security Council, established by 1947 legislation to integrate the domestic, foreign, and military policies of the United States as they relate to national security.

Thesis470.800 Research and Thesis Directed research in an appropriate subject determined in consultation with the student’s advisor is the focus of this final course. Students are expected to propose research top-ics based on their classwork and/or on material derived from professional experience. Class meetings are designed to give guidance in the clarification of issues, collection of data, assembly of various parts, and the final writing of the thesis. Graduation is subject to approval of the thesis by the thesis committee. Students may enroll in this course only after they have completed all other nine courses required for the degree; another course cannot be taken concurrently with it. 470.800 Research and Thesis is offered in all three terms—in the sum-mer, fall, and spring—to provide as much scheduling flexibil-ity as possible.

Please note that students who do not finish their thesis in the semester in which they enroll for it must pay a continuation-of-enrollment fee of $200 for each subsequent term until a final grade has been submitted. Students submit a registra-tion form with payment to the Enrollment Office. Failure to pay this fee results in the student receiving a grade of F in the thesis course.

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MA government/MBAadvanced.jhu.edu/government

Management education typically addresses the public and private sectors separately. Universities typically offer the MBA degree for business leadership and the MA, MPP, or MPA for public sector management. The assumption is that managers working in the public and private sectors are involved with completely different sets of issues and problems. The reality is that similar challenges face both, and managers frequently move from the public sector to the private sector and vice versa.

The MA Government/MBA uniquely prepares individuals for the combination of public and private sector responsibilities they are likely to face during their careers. This program enables those working in government to expand their knowledge and skills in business and management, preparing them to take on leadership roles in nonprofit, public sector, or commercial enterprises. Students in these degrees complete both the professional managerial education requirements of the MBA and the advanced disciplinary requirements of a specialized MA in Government. Graduates of the Hopkins MA/MBA are capable of integrating rigorous scholar-ship with business acumen in bringing both intellectual and strategic leadership to the complex challenges of management in government and business in today’s global economy.

The MA Government/MBA is designed with class schedules to accommodate working adults. All classes and program activities are conveniently located at the Massachusetts Avenue centers of Johns Hopkins University in Washington, DC. Classes are offered in the evening or Saturday so students do not need to break stride in their careers to attend.

Students who pursue the joint degree will take classes in the Government Program at the School of Arts and Sciences and in the MBA program at the School of Professional Studies in Business and Education. They are assigned an advisor from each school who will oversee their course work. To earn the MA Government/MBA students must take eight classes in the Government program and 14 classes in the MBA department. Students working full time can take up to two courses a semes-ter. Students who do not work full time can take up to four courses a semester.

government Program AdvisingKathy Hill, 202-452-1953

MBA Program AdvisingMarnie Fallon, 301-294-7249

Admission Requirements• a grade point average of at least 3.0

on a 4.0 scale. For students who have been out of school for some time work experience may be considered.

• strong writing skills

• one year of work experience


• GRE or GMAT*

• a current resume

• two letters of recommendation that verify professional and/or academic accomplishments. Applicants must use the AAP form.

• a statement of purpose (approxi-mately 1,000 words). The statement of purpose is the most important document the applicant is asked to submit. This statement should address the applicant’s academic and professional goals.

• transcripts from your undergraduate education.

• International students must submit TOEFL scores and a “course-by-course” credential evaluation of your undergraduate transcript performed by an outside evaluation service.

* GRE or GMAT is not required for stu-dents who successfully complete five courses in the Government program or have already completed a graduate degree. It can also be waived if the student has five years of progressive professional experience and a solid undergraduate GPA. Students wishing to waive the GRE may apply to the Government program and then apply to the joint degree after they have completed five classes.

Note: Alumni of the Government or the MBA programs may apply for the joint degree. Already completed course work may count toward the joint degree, but students may have to take additional course work to bring their degree up-to-date, and not all courses may apply.

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Curriculum

gOVERnMEnTAll MA/MBA students are required to complete the following Government courses:

1. Proseminar: Essentials of Public and Private Management (required)

2. Government and Politics in the U.S. (required)

3. Law of Public Institutions (recommended elective)

4. Congressional Policy Making (recommended elective)

5. The Budgetary Process (recommended elective)

6. Executive Politics and Policymaking (recommended elective)

7. Public Entrepreneurship (recommended elective)

8. Negotiating as Leadership Skill (recommended elective)

9. Government and the Global Economy (recommended elective)

10. State Politics and Policymaking (recommended elective)

11. Thesis (optional for MA Government/MBA candidates but strongly recommended)

Students wishing to earn a concentration may take a fourth elective. Concentrations are offered in Political Communication, Homeland Security, and Law and Justice. To earn a concentration, students must take four classes in that subject area.

For details on these concentrations and a full list of classes and descriptions see the section on the Master’s Degree in Government.

MBAAll MA Government/MBA students are required to complete the following MBA courses:

1. Financial Accounting *

2. Statistics for Business *

3. Business, Government and the World Economy *

4. Financial Management *

5. Marketing Management *

6. Leadership Ethics

7. Managerial Communications

8. Managerial Economics

9. Corporate Financial Theory

10. Information Technology Integration for Business

11. Management and Organizational Behavior

12. Marketing Strategy

13. Quantitative Decision Making for Business

14. Integrated Capstone in Competitive Strategy

* These courses can be waived if the student passes a waiver exam or has taken an equivalent graduate-level class in the last three years with a B or better.

For information on specific courses see the MBA catalog.

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Certificate in Homeland Security: international, domestic, and Scientific dimensions The new Homeland Security certificate provides a unique approach to the subject of national security by bringing together experts from three critical areas: govern-ment and policy, international relations, and bioscience. The certificate meets the need of professionals to earn a credential in this demanding and dynamic field.Courses for the certificate program lie at the intersection of the political, theoreti-cal, and scientific analysis of security issues and lead to direct policy application.

Program CommitteeSteven DavidProfessor of Political Science

Benjamin GinsbergDavid Berman Professor of Political Science, Director of the Center for the Study of American Government, and Program Chair MA in Government

Victor Corces, Professor of BiologyProgram Chair, Advanced Biotechnology Studies

Admission Requirements

Application Documents Submit to Advanced Academic Programs (AAP) Admissions Office ([email protected] or fax 202-452-1970):

• AAP application and fee

• undergraduate transcript indicating a grade-point average of 3.0 on a 4-point scale in the latter half of the applicant’s studies


• one letter of recommendation

Course RequirementsStudents take three core courses, one from each area below:

• Foreign Policy

• Administrative/Organizational

• Science

Homeland Security courses are designated by 406, and the course descriptions follow this list. Government designation is 470, and the course descriptions can be found in the catalog under the Government program section. Communications in Contemporary Society course designation is 480, and course descriptions are in the catalog under the Communications in Contemporary Society program section. Biotechnology course designation is 410, and course descriptions can be found in the catalog in the Biotechnology Studies program section.

In addition, students select three electives for a total of six courses.

Please refer to the Advanced Academic Programs Course Schedule (advanced .jhu.edu) for exact dates, times, loca-tions, fees, and instructors. Courses are open only to students who meet admis-sion requirements.

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Core Courses (Three required—one from each area. Others can be taken as electives.)

Foreign Policy470.634 Foreign Policy in the Age of Global Terrorism

406.661 Preserving American Security in a Dangerous World

406.662 Threats to America’s National Security: Theory and History

406.666 Contemporary Terrorism and the American Response

Administrative/Organizational470.635 Executive Politics and Policymaking

470.659 Bioterrorism, Science, and Policy


Science406.678 Science and Biodefense

406.681 The Technology of Weapons of Mass Destruction

Elective Courses (Select 3) 470.632 Defense Policy I

470.633 Defense Policy II


470.658 American Democracy in Wartime

470.661 Constitutional Law


406.665 Art and Practice of Intelligence

470.665 Bioterrorism and the Law

480.671 Politics, Language, and Culture of the Arab World

480.672 Politics, Language, and Culture of Iran


410.694 Microbial Pathogens and the Impact on National Security

For those interested in earning a master’s degree, the MA in Government offers a Concentration in Homeland Security.

406.661 Preserving American Security in a dangerous WorldThis course presents an overview of the key security issues fac-ing the United States. These issues include the causes of war, of peace, terrorism, the spread of weapons of mass destruction, the challenge from the developing world, and responses to security threats in the wake of 9/11. The format of the course is mostly lecture, but will include ample time for discussion.

406.665 Art and Practice of intelligence This course is designed to give students an understanding of the history and fundamental concepts of intelligence gather-ing and analysis. In addition to tracing the development of

intelligence organizations, it examines both the disciplines of intelligence (signals intelligence and espionage, for example) and its products. It focuses on the effects intelligence exercises on decision making, particularly, but not exclusively, in the realm of national security and military policy. It uses case studies to illustrate enduring issues or problems in the study of intelligence.

406.666 Contemporary Terrorism and the American Response September 11, 2001, was a watershed event in the history of terrorism. This course seeks to understand modern-day terrorism as a phenomenon and to examine the options and constraints inherent in counterterrorism efforts. Can terrorism be defined? Why does terrorism occur? What are the environ-mental factors and motivations that drive terrorists? How do terrorists operate? How do they support, facilitate and fund their activities? How is terrorism fought? How should gov-ernments respond to terrorism domestically? How can open societies fight terrorism? The course also addresses such issues as linkages between terrorist groups; state sponsorship of ter-rorism; terrorist financing; logistical support networks; terror tactics and strategies; terror and globalization; and counterter-rorism methodologies.

406.670 Crisis Management This course provides students with a fundamental understand-ing of crisis management, risk communications, media rela-tions, and public opinion research techniques in the context of the worldwide controversy over biotechnology. Students will be introduced to crisis management principles, strategies, tactics, and communications methods that will enable them to predict, manage and control real-world controversies they may confront. Course participants will work as a team to develop a biotechnology-specific crisis management plan for analysis and discussion and will also have the opportunity to hone their communications skills by participating in practice media interviews during in-class sessions.

406.681 Technology of Weapons of Mass destruction Students gain the foundational knowledge behind WMD (both weapons of mass destruction and weapons of mass disruption) and about how these weapons threaten U.S. homeland security. Weapons of mass destruction tradition-ally include nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons, while weapons of mass disruption include radiological weapons, such as “dirty bombs.” In addition, the course covers the technology behind three WMD delivery vehicles: ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, and unmanned aerial vehicles. In assessing each WMD threat, the course first examines the sci-ence and technology for each type of weapon and then applies this theory to real world threats emanating from state and non-state actors. Students apply this knowledge by engag-ing in red team exercises to identify options for preventing and reducing vulnerabilities from WMD. Please note that students do not have to have prior technical knowledge about WMD issues to succeed in this course.

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Master of liberal ArtsThe Master of Liberal Arts program re-imagines its grand tradition of the “History of Ideas.” The program places interdisciplinary study at its core, and through this approach fosters greater understanding of the philosophical, historical, sci-entific, and aesthetic dimensions of the world’s great civilizations. The History of Ideas model facilitates an exploration into the forces that shape our contemporary world—and its future. Stressing the diverse and dynamic cultural context through which “big ideas” are fashioned, students gain an intimate awareness of the under-lying intellectual and creative foundations of classical and modern society.

Established in 1962, the program is recognized nationally for the quality of its teaching and the breadth of its course offerings. The 10-course program enables students to continue their intellectual growth and further their professional goals. The program features small, interactive seminars led by distinguished Johns Hopkins faculty and leading experts from cultural, artistic, government, and aca-demic institutions in the region, including the Walters Art Museum, the Peabody Institute, the State Department, and the Maryland State Archives. Students study with and learn from other adults of diverse backgrounds, perspectives, and inter-ests, and the seminars provide a challenging and nurturing environment. Students can focus on specific areas of learning or explore a wide range of engaging subjects in political science, art history, world religions and philosophy, history, music, lit-erature, and science and technology.

Advisory Board

P. Kyle McCarter Jr.William Foxwell Albright Professor ofBiblical and Ancient Near Eastern StudiesChair, MLA Program

Mark BlythProfessor of Political Science

Neil HertzProfessor of Humanities

Edward PapenfuseMaryland State Archivist

Gary VikanDirector of The Walters Art Museum

Ronald G. WaltersProfessor of History

Susan F. WeissFaculty Member in Musicology, PeabodyConservatory of Music

Ex Officio

D. Melissa HilbishAssociate Program Chair

Admission RequirementsIn addition to the materials and creden-tials required for all programs, the Master of Liberal Arts requires:

CredentialsA grade point average of at least 3.0 on a 4.0 scale in the latter half of under-graduate studies is expected for degree candidacy; particular interests and work experience are also considered.



• an essay that allows assessment of the applicant’s academic, professional, and personal goals

• letters of recommendation are optional

Admission interviewAfter application materials have been evaluated, an admissions interview is scheduled with the MLA associate program chair.

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Admission StatusPlease see descriptions and criteria of the different categories of student status, page 9 in this catalog. Applicants who have questions regarding their admissibility should contact the MLA associate program chair.

Fellowships Available for MLA StudentsLimited private, campus-based fellowships are available to cover tuition for individual courses taken by fully admitted MLA students. Application forms are available from the MLA associate program chair.

Course Requirements• one core course—Exploring the Liberal Arts

• seven or eight electives (seven for Thesis option; eight for Graduate Project option; nine for Portfolio option. See Capstone Requirement)

The MLA is tailored to students’ needs and priorities. Courses described in this catalog are representative of the broad range of MLA offerings. The same courses are rarely offered two years in a row. For descriptions of the courses listed in Course Schedules that do not appear in this catalog, please contact the MLA associate program chair. For information on exact dates, times, locations, fees, and instructors, students should consult the Course Schedule available at http://advanced.jhu.edu.

University of Cambridge Summer CourseSince 1992, MLA students have had the option of taking one summer course at the University of Cambridge in England to transfer as an MLA elective. For details about registration, please contact the MLA associate program chair.

Certificate of Advanced graduate Study in liberal ArtsThe Certificate of Advanced Graduate Study in Liberal Arts (CAGSLA) is open to students who have earned a Master of Liberal Arts (MLA) degree from Johns Hopkins or an equiva-lent degree from another institution. It consists of 10 courses. Applicants must submit standard application materials, though Hopkins’ MLA graduates need not send transcripts or pay an application fee.

internship ProgramThe MLA is developing a competitive internship program with area museums and collections. Currently we have an internship at the Walters Art Museum and the Maryland Historical Society. In the future, other internship oppor-tunities may be available at the Maryland State Archives. For application information contact Melissa Hilbish at [email protected].

Core Course

450.749 Exploring the liberal Arts: Ways of KnowingThis seminar is about “time” and the “liberal arts.” Through the theme of time we will explore what is meant by the “lib-eral arts”—and how and why the liberal arts provide a useful interdisciplinary foundation through which to understand the world around us. How do the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, and arts compare and contrast in terms of their methods of acquiring, analyzing, and conveying knowl-edge? We will look at how individual scholars from very diverse fields understand the concept of time in their research and in their fields. Time is absolute. Time passes. Time is rela-tive. Time is universal. There is no time. How is it measured? How is it interpreted? How is it defined? Do we truly have an understanding of what “time” is? This course is required of all new students.

Elective CoursesPlease note that this list is representative of the course offer-ings in the MLA program. While some courses are taught more regularly, most of the courses are taught on a two-to-three-year schedule.

450.609 American Art and literature of the 19th Century: From Yankees to CosmopolitansEver since the Mayflower docked at Plymouth, Americans have measured themselves against the yardstick of European civilization—whether rejecting it altogether, clarifying their distinctness from it, or striving to become part of it. Students follow the evolution of American cultural identity in dis-cussions of Hawthorne’s The Marble Faun, Twain’s Innocents Abroad, and James’ The American, as well as paintings by the Peales, Cole, Homer, Eakins, Whistler, and Sargent. In doing so they note how the optimistic, independent, and self-confi-dent Yankee gave way to the introspective, critical, certainly sadder, and perhaps wiser Cosmopolitan.

450.617 Shakespeare’s Tragedies and History PlaysWhy are Shakespeare’s plays more popular today than ever before? What do his tragedies and histories tell us about the Elizabethan Age—and, by comparison, our own? In this course, Hamlet, King Lear, Macbeth, and other tragedies are discussed as reflections of the paradox of spiritual victory through literal defeat. Students also explore the value systems and social hierarchy portrayed in such history plays as Richard II, Julius Caesar, and Henry IV (Part I). Finally the class exam-ines the characteristics of the Shakespearean stage and the specific opportunities—as well as demands—that theater made on both the playwright and the playgoer.

450.625 Bioethics: Philosophy and BiomedicineThis course draws upon key concepts in philosophical analysis, particularly ethical theory, to address the myriad of complex moral issues that arise in the biomedical field. Assigned read-ing includes relevant works in philosophy by Aristotle, Kant,

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and Mill, as well as those by contemporary bioethicists. In this context students discuss such issues as death and dying, in vitro fertilization, human cloning, physician-assisted suicide, and experimentation with humans and animals.

450.626 The Philosophy of the UniverseWhat was happening before the Big Bang? Does the universe have a bound, and if so, what lies beyond? Objects are made of atoms, which in turn are made of elementary particles, but what exactly is an elementary particle? That is, what is it made of? In this course, which has no textbook, we answer the above questions. For us to arrive at answers that mean anything requires the use of some mathematics—luckily, only high school algebra and geometry. (Don’t worry if you only half-remember your high school math; the needed facts will be explained clearly in class.) We will follow the progress of human understanding from Copernicus through Einstein’s the-ory of relativity to the most important human intellectual dis-covery ever, quantum mechanics. Remarkably, we will discover that some ancient Greek philosophers understood the nature of reality better than many professional scientists do today.

450.630 American History as Fact and Fiction Students compare and contrast commonly held interpreta-tions of two notorious Americans—Aaron Burr and Mary Todd Lincoln—from the dual perspectives of the novelist and the biographer. The subjects are viewed within the context of their times in order to discover how perceptions of histori-cal figures and past events often derive from imagination or questionable interpretation. Readings include Vidal’s Burr, Nolan’s Aaron Burr and the American Literary Imagination, Vidal’s Lincoln, and Oates’ With Malice Towards None: The Life of Abraham Lincoln.

450.640 U.S. Political Culture from 1877 to 1929: inventing Modern America From the end of Reconstruction (1877) to the beginning of the Great Depression (1929), American society was charac-terized by major paradoxes like the emergence of a powerful national identity beset by searing conflicts of race, gender, and class. This course explores the development of such cor-nerstones of modern political culture as industrial corpora-tions, state and federal bureaucracies, overseas imperialism, widespread migration and immigration, the labor movement, women’s suffrage, and civil rights movements. Students review several films (e.g., Birth of a Nation and Hester Street) and discuss both secondary and primary documents, includ-ing works by Theodore Roosevelt, Chief Joseph, Booker T. Washington, Julia Ward Howe, John Dewey, and George Santayana.

450.650 Cultural Eras: The 1960sThe Sixties. A collage of events, people, sights, sounds, and ideas immediately comes to mind. These powerful visual representations in many ways define the history of the ’60s. In this course we will consider the images, memories, history, and legacy of the ’60s through an interdisciplinary explora-

tion using literature, art, history, politics, music, and film. Cultural identity is a key issue. Black, white, Vietnamese, astronaut, protestor, journalist, soldier, woman, man, young, old, you. How do people see themselves within the context of larger cultural events and changes that many have labeled revolutionary? How did so-called ordinary Americans live their lives? Topics of study include but are not limited to presidential politics, the continuing Cold War, social move-ments (black power, civil rights, environmentalism, women’s movement), the Vietnam War, the Space Program, and popu-lar culture (music, film, Barbie).

450.654 Film and Culture: Science Fiction Film in the 20th CenturyThis course provides a survey of Science Fiction Film from the early part of the 20th century and the very beginnings of film, through 2001. We will look at influential filmmak-ers including George Melies, Fritz Lang, Stanley Kubrick, George Lucas, and Steven Spielberg and will analyze the basic component of the genre through science fiction “classics” like A Trip to the Moon, Metropolis, The Day the Earth Stood Still, A Clockwork Orange, Dr. Strangelove, Star Wars, Close Encounters, Blade Runner, and AI among many others. The goal is to develop critical analytical skills in understanding the role of science fiction within culture. What is the “science” that drives the science fiction and what does it mean to be human? What is the view of the future, of technology? How are cul-tural and social concerns expressed through genre? The films and filmmakers are placed within a larger historical, cultural, and social context as we explore film as an industry, as a technology, as a form of communication, and as an artifact of culture.

450.668 Thinking Economically: A History of Economic Thought This course aims to provide the student with a critical under-standing of both the politics inherent in discussions of the economy, and how the analysis of politics, using economic concepts and theories, has evolved over the past 400 years. The course is both historical and theoretical and overlaps with the disciplines of history, economics, and political theory. We begin with some of the most important classical statements (Aristotle, Locke) regarding the nature of the economy and its relation to other spheres of social and political life. After this introduction, the course traces the development of the notion of the economy through a consideration of some of the major contributions to the ‘political’ study of the economy from the 17th century to the present through figures such as Ricardo, Smith, Marx, Keynes, Hayek, and Friedman.

450.671 W. E. B. du Bois and His WorldDu Bois was born the year Grant was elected president, and died the night before Martin Luther King’s “I have a dream” speech. This extraordinary African-American became one of America’s towering intellects and an activist who engaged the issues of his times. The core course reading is (1) D. L. Lewis’s Pulitzer-winning 2-volume biography, (2) Du Bois’s epochal

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Souls of Black Folk, (3) C. Vann Woodward’s pivotal The Strange Career of Jim Crow, and (4) ancillary reading chosen by stu-dents. Take-home essay assignments and choice of small papers or research paper. Class participation is part of evaluation.

450.672 The idea of Home: interior Spaces, inner States At the turn of the last century, while Freud and William James were exploring the mind, writers and painters began to use images of domestic space to represent the inner self. This course considers the relationship between the physical and psychological sense of home in fiction by Poe, Proust, and Huysmans, as well as the ideas of the Art Nouveau move-ment and painting by Degas, Vuillard, and Matisse. Students also discuss whether more recent explorations of inner states reflected, for example, in the fiction of Tyler and the painting of Rothko echo the fin-de-siècle retreat from urban invasive-ness of the late 19th century, or suggest a more serious dishar-mony between the individual and Western society.

450.677 Thomas Mann: ‘The Magic Mountain’— The World in One BookThomas Mann’s The Magic Mountain (1924) is the novel of the crisis of the pre-, and immediate post-, WWI European bourgeoisie: its world has turned into a sanatorium where the patients, bored to death, engage in a battle of the prin-ciples of humanism, the ideals of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, and of progress, against the forces of irrationalism, totalitarianism, and decline. The battlefields for these rhetorical skirmishes are the soul and mind of a young German engineer in search of his identity. Written during one of Germany’s culturally most productive periods, the “roar-ing 20s” of the Weimar Republic, and almost simultaneously with T.S. Eliot’s The Waste Land, J. Joyce’s Ulysses, M. Proust’s Remembrance of Things Past, F. Kafka’s The Trial, and A. Gide’s The Counterfeiters, as well as with O. Spengler’s The Decline of the West, Sigmund Freud’s Civilization and Its Discontents, M. Heidegger’s Being and Time, and Ortéga y Gasset’s The Revolt of the Masses—to all of which frequent references will be made —The Magic Mountain will be studied as a foremost example of the modernist sensibility.

450.678 Out of the Cave: Prehistory in Fact and FictionPrehistory (a.k.a. The Stone Age) begins about 2.5 million years ago and ends with the invention of writing 5,500 years ago in western Asia. This is the time during which human culture was born: between 200,000 and 30,000 years ago, during the Middle and Upper Paleolithic periods, we humans evolved physically to our current state, began making tools, invented art and music, became superb hunters; and devel-oped the foundations for modern social, political, and reli-gious systems. In southwestern Europe and the Jordan Valley we also lived next to our closest ancestors, the Neanderthals, who eventually became extinct. Neanderthal culture seems to have included complex communication, abstract thinking, and a concept of the afterlife. This class examines some of the popular descriptions of prehistory, and compares them to what archaeologists tell us about the Paleolithic world. The works

of fiction we will read include Asimov’s “The Ugly Little Boy,” Auel’s Clan of the Cave Bear, Golding’s The Inheritors, Kurtén’s The Dance of the Tiger, Lewis’s Evolution Man, Sawyer’s Hominids, and Wells’s “Grisly Folk.” The scientific information will come from articles and other readings that will be on electronic reserve.

450.684 living Sustainably: Scientific and Moral PerspectivesDuring this century, the human population will increase from 6.4 billion people to 9 or 10 billion. At the same time, per-capita consumption is increasing rapidly. These two trends will require that we husband natural, economic, and human resources, asking both practical questions (what ways of living can be sustained indefinitely) and moral questions (what ways of living are worth sustaining indefinitely). This course will provide a forum for exploring these questions from the com-plementary perspectives of contemporary science and moral reflection within both secular and religious traditions. We will do our best to think and write critically and imaginatively about how cosmology, Earth science, philosophy, and theology can inform our choices as we attempt to negotiate the com-plexities of an increasingly global society.

450.702 The History of the Book in the West: 400–1550 This course explores the development of the book from its inception in the Late Roman Empire (the fourth and fifth centuries) to the dawn of printing with Gutenberg’s inven-tion of movable type at Mainz in 1450. Students consider the book as a product of “new” technologies (e.g., the invention of movable type), changing economic and social conditions (e.g., the rise of vernacular texts for a literate nobility), and religious and secular practices (e.g., books for monasteries, universities, and private houses).Through this course, students gain an appreciation of objects that are both key historical documents and very often, consummate works of art.

Note: Since this course draws upon the resources of the Department of Manuscripts at the Walters Art Museum, some class sessions are held at the museum.

450.704 Plato, geometry, and islamic ArtApproaching the study of art through the figural tradition privileges the arts of Western Europe, India, and China. Less well known to many of us are the arts of the Islamic world. Using an experimental approach that combines literary criti-cism and philosophy with art history and an exploration of geometry, students will engage in various two-dimensional constructions to understand experientially aspects of Islamic art that inform a beauty of form, pattern, and structure. Readings will include selections from Plato’s Timaeus, com-mentaries by Aristotle, and several Neoplatonist writers, as well as philosophical writings by later Arab and Persian authors.

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450.705 Art Collectors and CollectionsUsing the museums of the Washington/Baltimore area as classroom, this course traces a dual path through the his-tory of art (particularly Renaissance to Modern painting) and the history of art collecting in the United States. The National Gallery will provide an overview of art history, and the Corcoran, Clarke, Phillips, Freer, Hirshhorn, Walters, and Cone collections will provide case studies. Issues of taste, who and what influence it, and the impact of private collections and the art museums that became their legacy on the develop-ment of American culture will be addressed. Particular atten-tion will be paid to the choices made by individual collectors exploring the meaning and relevance of the works of art they selected to their own lives and also to the larger picture of American history during their lifetimes.

450.713 Shakespeare and the Film: A Cross-Cultural Perspective This seminar will examine modern adaptation of Shakespearean tragedy in English, American, Russian, and Japanese films. Emphasis will be on the film as a medium for performing Shakespeare in our own time, and on the impor-tance of Shakespeare’s plays to the East as well as to the West. In addition to considering the influence of native traditions on the interpretation of Shakespeare (such as that of Kabuki the-ater on Japanese film), the seminar will analyze the styles and cinematic techniques of individual directors.

450.714 Progress and the American EnvironmentFree-flowing rivers, bountiful wildlife, and sublime vistas of distant mountains? Or unlimited energy, tidy neighborhoods, and economic prosperity? Unrestricted in what we can do with our own land or inhibited by regulations designed to protect the common good? This course examines American cultural attitudes toward wilderness and nature as they have evolved through history and are expressed today in social and political decision making.

450.718 Faulkner’s Fiction: Beneath the Southern Facade Although Faulkner’s fiction can be viewed as the historical culmination of works about the American South, it should also be placed in the larger artistic context of Shakespeare, Balzac, Melville, Twain, Conrad, Dickens, and Joyce. This course explores the development of Faulkner’s psychological themes and innovative techniques in representative short sto-ries, The Sound and the Fury, As I Lay Dying, Sanctuary, Light in August, Absalom, Absalom!, Hamlet, and Go Down, Moses. At the conclusion of the course, students have an opportunity to visit Oxford, Mississippi, the source of many characters and places in Faulkner’s fiction.

450.719 The American Short Story Of all genres in American literature, the short story explores most profoundly and directly the complex issues of culture, gender, class, and race. Students examine thematic and tech-nical developments from Irving’s “Rip Van Winkle” and Hawthorne’s “Rappaccini’s Daughter” to works as diverse as

Wharton’s “Roman Fever,” Faulkner’s “That Evening Sun,” and Baldwin’s “Sonny’s Blues.” Finally they discuss short fic-tion by Marylanders John Barth, Josephine Jacobsen, and Anne Tyler, as well as contemporary examples of the “short-short story.”

450.720 American and British Poets from the Romantics to the Present This course will examine the development of modernism in Anglo-American poetry while focusing on close readings of individual poems. Students will discuss Romantic concepts of transcendence in Wordsworth and Keats, Victorian skep-ticism in Arnold and Browning, and 20th-century ideas of alienation in selected works from the following group: Yeats, Eliot, Stevens, Millay, Plath, Atwood, Rich, Dove, Soyinka, Ondaatje, Li-Young Lee, and Heaney. The class will include both small- and large-group discussions.

450.731 American Composers of the 20th Century: ives, gershwin, Copland, and Bernstein The musical legacy of this quartet of composers is, simply put, the notion that Americans can and have produced an art music competitive with that of their European counterparts. Classes first focus on the coming of age of the American composer and, afterward, study the art of four individuals whose contri-bution to music in America is as yet unmeasured. Although students examine the historical context of the music of Ives, Gershwin, Copland, and Bernstein, primary emphasis is on their melodic, rhythmic, harmonic, contrapuntal, and formal aspects.

450.732 The literature of Oppression: Contemporary latin American and native American FictionThis course will study novels dealing with the effects of war, dispossession, and social upheaval on Latin American and Native American families. It will focus on works by Gabriel García Márquez (One Hundred Years of Solitude) and Isabel Allende (The House of the Spirits); and by N. Scott Momaday (House Made of Dawn) and Louise Erdrich (Love Medicine, Tracks). We will consider historical and mythological dimen-sions of these works—for example, the Columbian civil wars in the work of García Márquez, and Indian rituals in that of Momaday; and also stylistic features, such as the “magic real-ism” of García Márquez and Allende, and the interlocking narratives of Erdrich.

450.736 Romanticism in Music Romanticism characterized 19th-century European music as well as literature and the visual arts. After examining works by such leading composers as Beethoven, Berlioz, Mendelssohn, Schumann, Chopin, Liszt, Wagner, Brahms, and Tchaikovsky, students discuss the important differences between romanticism and both 18th-century classicism and 20th-century modernism. By the conclusion of the course, students are able to identify the selections, themes, and com-posers of the music studied.

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450.740 Film and Public Memory Both the feature film and the film documentary have the power to shape public perceptions of key historical events and individuals in U.S. history and culture. This course examines the film as a form of public history replacing “real” history with a constructed, mediated version that more often reflects current controversies and cultural dramas through an explo-ration of the past. We explore the presentation of historical figures like Bonnie and Clyde and the wars (Dr. Strangelove, Platoon), analyze films that depict the nation’s past (John Ford’s West in The Searchers), and examine visions and percep-tions of the future embodied in futuristic films like Star Wars.

450.745 King Arthur in legend and literature After reviewing early evidence for King Arthur, students discuss “the Matter of Britain,” the stories and legends sur-rounding Arthurian figures that appear in Welsh tradition and French romance. In addition to reading the romances of Chrétien de Troyes and Malory’s Morte d’Arthur, students investigate the appropriation of the Arthurian story in subse-quent literature, including works by Tennyson, T.H. White, and recent writers.

450.750 The Artificial Human in Science, Myth, and literature The changing concept of the “artificial human” sheds light on our view of human nature and its relationship to sci-ence and myth. Known in contemporary culture by various names (robot, android, and replicant), the artificial human has achieved a measure of possibility and reality in recent times. The works of philosophers (John Searle), writers (Isaac Asimov), and filmmakers (Ridley Scott) will guide the study of the evolution of the artificial human since World War II.

450.751 The Evolution of Modern Music This course examines the changes that occurred in musical thought, circa 1890–1914, by considering representative works of first-echelon composers. These are analyzed stylisti-cally, meaning the focus of the course is the language of music: melody, rhythm, harmony, form, timbre, and so on. The philosophical/aesthetic changes that brought the changes into being are also discussed. The focus is music itself and the new craft(s) that set into play the whole notion of “modern” music.

450.753 The idea of the South in American literature The American South continues to cast a powerful mystique, though its meaning can vary considerably. Whose version of the South is recorded? How do we even define “the South”? What racial, sexual, and cultural tensions lie behind the fabled magnolia trees, white-pillared mansions, and mint juleps? Since literature has always captured the complex realities beneath deceptive appearances, this seminar explores such questions in works by Edgar Allan Poe, Mark Twain, William Faulkner, Lillian Hellman, Katherine Anne Porter, Robert Penn Warren, Toni Morrison, and others.

450.756 What is History? How do historians evaluate evidence and draw conclu-sions about the past? How persuasive is the thesis of Simon Schama’s Dead Certainties that “the asking of questions and the relating of narratives need not…be mutually exclusive forms of historical representation,” and that history ultimately must be “a work of the imagination”? After probing these and other issues, and writing their own “histories” based upon the document packets, students focus on Allen Weinstein’s Perjury: The Hiss-Chambers Case to discuss whether historians can ever determine “the truth” no matter how rich the evi-dence. This course is intended to be an introduction to the resources and tools for history available on the Internet and the World Wide Web, as well as a reflective exercise on the meaning of history.

450.760 Beethoven and His Age Beethoven’s profound influence on the music of succeeding generations is as yet unmeasured. The main focus in this course is analyzing works from all periods of Beethoven’s life in terms of melody, rhythm, harmony, and other aspects of musical style. Attention is also devoted to those contempo-rary developments—such as the French Revolution—which affected Beethoven’s sensibility and made possible his appear-ance as a radically new kind of musician.

450.765 The Politics and Culture of the Holocaust: A Paradigm of genocide This course examines genocide through a study of the Holocaust, both as a paradigm of state-supported mass destruction and as a unique catastrophe that continues to generate prodigious amounts of literature in such fields as sociology, philosophy, psychology, fiction, and theology. To understand better a writer’s dilemma in trying to communi-cate horrors that defy imagination and reason, students discuss Wiesel’s Night, Levi’s Survival in Auschwitz, Fink’s A Scrap of Time, Kosinski’s The Painted Bird, and other works. The class also analyzes films such as Imsdorf‘s Indelible Shadows and the video of the Wannsee Conference.

450.769 The dead Sea Scrolls: An Ancient library Recovered The recovery of a massive ancient library from caves near Khirbet Qumran in the Judaean Desert has been described as one of the greatest archaeological discoveries in modern times. Seminar participants read the scrolls themselves in English translation to learn more about the Jewish apocalyptic in the Greco-Roman period. Jewish apocalyptic is important not only as a lost chapter in the history of Judaism but also as the spiritual and intellectual context out of which Christianity emerged. Topics include the circumstances of the scrolls’ dis-covery, theories of their origins, their historical context, and the ongoing controversy over publication rights.

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450.776 The American West: image and Reality The American West has always exerted a profound influ-ence on American life and thought. This course examines the importance of the frontier in 19th-century history, as well as Americans’ changing perceptions of how the West was settled. Topics include the conflict between whites and Native Americans, the role of women on the frontier, the develop-ment of “civilizing” institutions like churches and schools, law-and-order justice, and the timeless distinctiveness of the West. Readings include Frederick Jackson Turner’s essay about the importance of the frontier, Julie Jeffrey’s Frontier Women, Owen Wister’s The Virginian, and Walter Van Tilburg Clark’s Ox-Bow Incident.

450.796 Civility and Civilization Is civility necessary to civilization? What do philosophers, sociologists, anthropologists, and psychologists say about both? This course examines the refinement of manners in selected societies—ancient and modern—and the ideological debates underlying that process. Students focus on the rela-tionship between democracy and civility in the United States from its post-revolutionary years to the present. Readings include Freud’s Civilization and Its Discontents, Elias’ The Civilizing Process, and Kasson’s Rudeness and Civility: Manners in Nineteenth Century Urban America.

CapstoneThe Capstone is designed to encourage the integration of course work in the program and comes at the end of a student’s MLA career. Students conclude the MLA degree by doing a portfolio, graduate project, or master’s thesis. The stu-dent works with the associate program chair to determine the option best suited to the student’s needs and goals.

450.082 liberal Arts PortfolioThe Liberal Arts Portfolio is a non-credit option within the MLA Capstone. Students who select the Portfolio option will take 10 courses in the program. The portfolio will be

completed within the same semester as the 10th course, and for students not selecting a graduate project or thesis, the portfolio is a degree requirement. The associate chair serves as the portfolio advisor. The portfolio consists of a sampling of the best papers and projects written over the course of the student’s graduate career. It is not simply a collection of papers but designed to help students see the intellectual point of convergence in their studies. It is also provides a travel log chronicling the student’s journey toward their own “way of knowing.”

450.830 MlA graduate Project Most students enrolled in the Master of Liberal Arts program conclude their degree requirements by writing an indepen-dent project under the direction of a faculty sponsor. The graduate project is interdisciplinary in scope and reflects an emphasis or interest that the student has discovered in the MLA program. Before registering for the graduate project, a student must receive proposal approval from the faculty spon-sor and the MLA associate program chair.

450.835 MlA graduate Thesis 1

450.835 MlA graduate Thesis 2Following the completion of eight courses, you may choose to do the two-course Master Thesis option. The thesis provides you with the opportunity to conclude your MLA degree by making a substantial and original contribution to knowl-edge. Under the guidance of a faculty advisor, you will find a worthwhile problem or unsolved question, and write a formal analytical research paper of 75 to 100+ pages. The thesis is interdisciplinary in scope and reflects an emphasis or interest that you have discovered through the MLA program. An MLA thesis should review all past scholarship in the chosen field and attempt to go beyond it to make an original contribution, which is publishable. Before registering for the thesis, a stu-dent must receive proposal approval from the faculty sponsor and the MLA associate program chair.

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Master of Arts in WritingFull degree programs available at the Homewood campus in Baltimore and at the Washington Center near Dupont Circle

Even as technology and globalization alter our lives, creative writing remains essential to human expression and communication. Through careful exploration, thoughtful revision, and analysis of contemporary works, students in the Master of Arts in Writing Program develop as writers while maintaining jobs or fulfilling other obligations. Experienced faculty members, all of whom are practicing writers or editors, provide guidance in four concentrations: Fiction, Poetry, Nonfiction, and Science-Medical Writing. Regardless of the concentration, students receive practi-cal direction and constructive criticism to help them write successful short stories, articles, essays, poems, or books.

Students in the Writing Program learn primarily through the practice of writ-ing; literature is studied to clarify approaches to the craft. Classes are kept small, especially in the writing workshops required of all participants. Some students cul-tivate skills to prepare for a career; others are seasoned writers who want to change focus; still others favor artistic exploration over professional ambition. Within the realm of literary writing, students have the flexibility to develop individual styles and pursue specialized subjects. The program’s goal is to create a nurturing yet demanding environment where creative writers of diverse promise and purpose are challenged to work toward publication at the highest levels possible.

Applications to the M.A. in Writing Program are allowed year-round; accepted students may begin study in the fall, spring, or summer terms. Admission to the program is based on a competitive review of writing samples and other materials. Nine courses, including a final thesis course, are required for a degree; courses are taught on weekday evenings or Saturdays. Students complete the program at their own pace—usually in two to five years—and most students attend on a part-time basis. The full degree program is available at Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C., and at the main Homewood campus in Baltimore. Students may take courses at either or both campuses.

Some applicants may be granted provisional status, with permission to take one or two courses on a tryout basis, if the admissions committee believes they will

develop enough for degree candidacy. Applicants who are not interested in a degree may seek permission to take indi-vidual courses, but such applicants must follow the normal application process described below.

For more information about the Master of Arts in Writing Program, call the Advanced Academic Programs at 1-800-847-3330, email [email protected], or visit online at advanced.jhu.edu/writing. Accepted students are given handbooks to help guide their studies.

Special Note: The M.A. in Writing Program is the part-time alternative to The Writing Seminars, the nation-ally ranked, full-time graduate writ-ing program at Johns Hopkins. The Writing Seminars offers classes only in Baltimore and has a separate curriculum and application process. The Seminars offers a Master of Fine Arts degree in fic-tion and poetry and an M.A. degree in science writing. For more information about the full-time program, call 410-516-7562 or visit online at www.jhu.edu/~writsem.

Program Committee

John T. IrwinDecker Professor in the Humanities, The Writing SeminarsProgram Chair, M.A. in Writing Program

David EverettAssociate Program Chair (director), M.A. in Writing Program

Jean McGarryProfessor of Fiction and 2004–2005 Chair, The Writing Seminars

Dave SmithElliott Coleman Professor of Poetry and 2006–2007 Chair, The Writing Seminars

Greg WilliamsonSenior Lecturer, The Writing SeminarsInstructor, M.A. in Writing Program

Ann FinkbeinerVisiting Associate Professor of Science Writing, The Writing Seminars

Mark FarringtonInstructor and Faculty Advisor, M.A. in Writing Program

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Application and Admission Requirements In addition to the credentials and materials required for appli-cations to all programs (see Application and Admissions in the front section of this booklet), the Master of Arts in Writing requires:

Credentials and ExperienceApplicants are expected to have some familiarity with writing in their chosen concentration before beginning graduate-level courses, although they need not always be professional writ-ers. Fiction and poetry students should have read extensively in their area of interest and explored their writing voice. Nonfiction and science-medical writers should have read extensively in their field and been exposed to some journalistic fundamentals of writing and research. Applicants without such familiarity might need to take introductory courses elsewhere, or, depending on their development as writers, they might receive permission to take a non-graduate or core course in the program as a provisional student. (See Student Status.) All graduate writing students are expected to be proficient in grammar, punctuation, spelling, and usage. Applications lack-ing this proficiency will be rejected. For science-medical writing, a background in science or technology is helpful but not required. The program does not require a graduate entrance examination or proficiency in a foreign language.

Application DocumentsOn the application form, applicants must indicate the concen-tration in which they wish to specialize. Admission is based on a competitive evaluation of the Advanced AcademicPrograms standard application materials (including an appli-cation, application fee, recent transcripts) and the following Writing Program materials, which each applicant must sub-mit: (Applicants should closely examine all the information below; improper or incomplete applications are major reasons for delay or rejection.)• A Statement of Purpose, explaining the applicant’s aspira-

tions as a writer and describing the applicant’s recent read-ing. (required)

• Recent writing samples in the chosen concentration, dem-onstrating the applicant’s current development as a writer in that field. (required)

• Applicants also may submit up to three recommendation letters directly relating to their experience or promise as a writer. (optional)

Statement of PurposeThe Statement of Purpose should describe the applicant’s education, experience, and interest in the chosen writing area and share the applicant’s aspirations as a graduate student and as a writer. Statements of Purpose are reviewed for content, creativity, and demonstrated interest in literary writing. The statement also must describe the applicant’s recent reading. The statement should not exceed three typewritten pages (single- or double-spaced) and may be supplemented with a brief additional biographical sketch or résumé from the applicant.

The Statement of Purpose should specify whether the appli-cant desires degree status or permission to take only a specific course or two.

Writing SampleThe most important part of an application is the writing sample, which should be the applicant’s best attempt at cre-ative writing in the concentration of interest. The samples in fiction, nonfiction, and science-medical writing must total 20 to 50 typewritten, double-spaced pages, or 5,000 to 12,000 words, in the concentration of interest. Poetry applicants should submit eight to 12 poems. Samples do NOT have to be a single, lengthy piece of writing. A collection of several shorter pieces also is acceptable if the combined length of all pieces equals the requirements. For more suggestions on writing samples in each concentration, see below. Samples signifi-cantly shorter than the length specified above will not be sufficient for an admission review. Applicants may submit the published equivalent of the above lengths, although most samples will not have been published. The samples should be no more than four years old. Writing that is not in the chosen concentration can supplement but will not be counted in meeting the length requirements above. Academic papers, internal business reports, speeches, or government documents generally are not recommended; the samples should be cre-ative writing in the chosen concentration. Applicants may submit uncompleted works of creative writing (chapters or sections of an uncompleted novel or short story, for instance), but they should notify the admission committee of any incomplete sample.

The writing sample for any concentration is to consist solely of typed or printed pages or photocopies thereof. While appli-cants may submit their application forms online, applicants should hand deliver or mail their statement and writing samples; email, fax, or online submission of the statement and samples is not permitted at this time. If the sample is part of a published work, pertinent pages must be photocopied; the publication itself should not be sent. Applicants should not submit the only copy of their work; samples cannot be returned. The program’s admissions committees offer the fol-lowing suggestions for writing samples for each concentration:

Fiction: Up to three short stories or novel chapters, or any combination of the two forms, demonstrating literary content or themes.

Poetry: At least eight but no more than 12 poems, demon-strating literary content or themes. Free verse, formalism, or any combination is acceptable.

Nonfiction: Up to five separate works of modern nonfiction about any subject but demonstrating goals beyond a typical news story. Any nonfiction form or combination of forms, including commentary, memoir, travel, essay, feature article, profile, biography, book chapters, and creative nonfiction, is permitted. Academic assignments, term papers, or scholarly criticism generally are not acceptable nonfiction writing samples.

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Science-Medical Writing: Up to five articles, essays, or book chapters about any aspect of science, medicine, nature, tech-nology, or the environment, written for a general audience.Peer-reviewed scientific papers, technical research reports, academic or internal business reports, term papers, scholarly papers, or government technical writing generally are not acceptable. The science-medical writing concentration does not focus on technical writing or the creation of peer-reviewed scientific papers, although it may offer individual courses in those areas. Rather, students develop skills to communicate, explain, or comment on issues and topics in science, medicine, nature, or technology to a sophisticated or lay audience. For guidance, applicants should consult mass-market or spe-cialized magazines or books in science, medicine, nature, or technology.

dual-Concentration ApplicantsIn rare cases, applicants may seek degree candidacy in more than one concentration by submitting full writing samples in each proposed area. Approval of such applications israre, however, and the program makes individual admission decisions for each concentration. Students applying in more than one concentration should explain their multiple interest and reading in a single Statement of Purpose. Dual-concentra-tion students must complete two to four more courses than the nine required for a single-concentration degree.

The Writing SeminarsApplicants are reminded that Johns Hopkins has two gradu-ate creative writing programs. Students interested in the M.A. in Writing Program should follow the process above. Students interested in the full-time program, The Writing Seminars, should follow that program’s separate application procedures. Applying to one program does not count as an application to the other. For more information about the Seminars, call 410-516-6287 in Baltimore or link online to www.jhu.edu/ ~writsem. The M.A. in Writing Program accepts applica-tions year-round; the Seminars accepts applications until a January deadline each year for a cohort class the following fall.

Admission StatusApplicants to the Writing Program are either rejected or accepted as a degree candidate, provisional student, or spe-cial student. (See “Student Status” in the front section of this catalog.) Earning provisional student and special student sta-tus in Writing does not obviate the eventual need to submit full writing samples and undergo a full admissions review when requesting degree candidacy. Additionally, the Writing Program differs from other graduate programs in the status of provisional and special students: (1) provisional students who want degree candidacy in the Writing Program must submit new writing samples after the completion of the provisional course or courses. The program’s admissions committee then compares the new samples to the previous ones to determine if the student qualifies for degree candidacy. While a provi-sional student’s work in the provisional course is important, degree candidacy will be determined by the second admissions

review—not by the provisional course instructor or grade. Provisional students in Writing should consult the program website at advanced.jhu.edu/writing (see “Materials for Current Students”) for more information. (2) Special students in the Writing Program may take only those courses for which they have been approved. In some cases, special students may be allowed to take only elective or core courses. Special student status also does not allow a student to avoid the requirements for core courses or core skills before enrolling in a writing workshop. However, some special students may be granted permission to take workshops or any other course. In addition, applicants should not attempt to use special student status to circumvent the regular admissions evaluation for degree candidacy. Unlike other AAP graduate programs, the Writing Program does not allow applicants to enroll in a pro-gram course without some type of review of writing samples and a statement of purpose, even if those applicants request special student or provisional status.

Course RequirementsTo earn a Master of Arts in Writing degree, students must complete the following nine courses:• The Contemporary core course appropriate to the student’s

concentration

• The Techniques core course appropriate to the student’s concentration

• Three writing workshops in the chosen concentration (Except for poetry, core courses usually must be completed before enrolling in a workshop.)

• Three electives, approved by an advisor. (At least one elec-tive must be exclusively in the student’s concentration.)

• The thesis course (All eight earlier courses must be com-pleted before enrolling in thesis.)

Core courses, workshops, and electives are described below. For the thesis, students submit highly revised versions of writ-ing selected from their work in earlier courses. Students there-fore should work toward creating and revising a significant portfolio of writing in their workshops and elective courses. A thesis containing an assortment of articles, stories, or other writing does not necessarily need a common subject or theme, although such commonality is permissible. Accepted students should read and follow the program handbook to guide their studies.

CoursesWriting courses are open only to students who have submit-ted appropriate writing samples and received a formal admis-sions decision from the Writing Program. In some cases, the program may allow an applicant to enroll in a non-graduate course without full writing samples. However, no student may enroll in a Writing Program course without the submission of some type of Statement of Purpose and sample. Please refer to each semester’s Course Schedule (http://advanced.jhu .edu) for exact dates, times, locations, fees, and instructors for that term’s courses. Only a selection of courses from the cur-

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riculum is offered each term, although many required courses are offered more often than electives and specialized work-shops. Students take one or two courses per term; those who take two courses per term usually pair two core courses or a workshop and an elective until reaching thesis. Many electives are offered only every year or two, although some are available more often.

Special Note to Students from Outside the M.A. in Writing Program: The program encourages enrollment from students in other graduate programs. However, non-program appli-cants should be aware that all writing workshops and some other courses require the completion or waiver of certain prerequisite core courses, or they require an evaluation of the student’s writing skills to ascertain if they qualify for the desired course. Non–Writing Program students may be asked to submit writing samples and/or a full description of their writing experience before being allowed to register for certain Writing Program courses.

non-graduate Courses(These courses cannot count toward the degree.)

490.301 Creative WritingThis introductory course is designed for fiction students who want to develop basic familiarity in the elements of the craft. Some students in this course explore their abilities in fiction writing but will not pursue a degree at this time; others want to determine whether a graduate program is an appropriate goal; others need to develop fiction samples for application as a degree candidate. Some applicants to the degree program might be asked to enroll in this course. Students write fiction of various lengths and styles, critique their colleagues’ work, and read extensively in their areas of interest. This course does not cover poetry, nonfiction, or science-medical writing. This course is offered only during select semesters and only with sufficient enrollment. At publication time for this catalog, the program was considering changes to or the possible elimina-tion of this course.

490.010 graduate Writing TechniquesThis non-credit course is designed for students in the Advanced Academic Programs or others who want to improve their general academic and workplace writing skills. The 20-hour course focuses on techniques that can be applied to classroom papers, reports, and theses, or to workplace projects and documents. The course features exercises in structure, lan-guage, usage, and form. Students critique each other’s work in a writing workshop, and some students may be able to submit writing from courses in other programs. This course is not a creative writing workshop and is not designed for students who need help with English as a second language.

This course is designed primarily for students from outside the M.A. in Writing Program. At publication time for this catalog, the program was considering changes to or the possible elimina-tion of this course.

Core CoursesCore courses provide foundation skills and theory in each concentration. Fiction, nonfiction, and science-medical writ-ing students must complete both of their concentration’s core courses before enrolling in a workshop, although they may take an elective at any time. The core courses for fiction students are 490.652 Contemporary American Writers and 490.654 Fiction Techniques. The nonfiction and science-medical writing core courses are 490.653 Contemporary Nonfiction and 490.656 Nonfiction Techniques. (Nonfiction and science-medical students are urged to take Nonfiction Techniques first, before Contemporary Nonfiction.) To improve foundation skills, some nonfiction and science-medi-cal writing students should consider 490.703 Principles of Journalism as an additional core course or elective. The poetry core courses are 490.652 Contemporary American Writers and 490.655 Poetry Techniques. Unlike other concentrations, poetry students are encouraged but not required to complete both poetry core courses before enrolling in a workshop.

Students may take a core course outside their concentration as an elective. However, students who must complete a core course within a chosen concentration sometimes are given enrollment priority over students taking a core course as an elective.

Waiver of Core CourseSome accomplished writers may seek a waiver of the Techniques course requirement in their concentration. Such students must submit a written request explaining how they have previously acquired the appropriate writing skills. For example, applicants with numerous publication credits, exten-sive professional experience, or an undergraduate degree in their concentration may decide to seek a Techniques waiver. If a waiver is granted, the student must replace the waived course with an additional workshop or elective. Waivers are rarely granted in Fiction or Poetry; waiver requests are more common from practicing journalists who apply in Nonfiction or Science-Medical Writing. Waiver requests must be submit-ted well in advance.

490.652 Contemporary American WritersThis course surveys issues and trends in recent fiction and poetry, with emphasis on the diverse work and methods of American writers publishing today. Students read and discuss contemporary writing and hear lectures from Writing Seminars faculty or other accomplished writers. This core course is required for all fiction and poetry students and usually must be taken before fiction students enroll in a workshop.

490.653 Contemporary nonfictionThis course provides an overview of current nonfiction forms. Students analyze the work of modern authorswhose writing encompasses feature article, essay, review, com-mentary, travel, memoir, humor, science-medical writing, or other forms. Students gain practical experience by writ-ing short articles and essays in the various forms. Lectures

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and reading help students appreciate contemporary writing, the history of nonfiction, professional ethics, and the writing workshop process. This core course is required for all degree candidates in nonfiction and science-medical writing and must be taken before enrolling in any workshop. Nonfiction and sci-ence-medical writing students are encouraged to take 490.656 Nonfiction Techniques before enrolling in this course.

490.654 Fiction TechniquesStudents examine the technical elements of fiction, including point of view, plot, character development, and the form of short stories and the novel. The course also introduces stu-dents to the writing process, the techniques of reading as a writer, and the workshop process. Readings usually include short stories, one or more novels, and books or articles on craft. Writing assignments may involve exercises, response writings, and one complete piece, either an original short story or novel chapter. Revisions also may be required. This core course is required for all incoming fiction students as a prerequisite to any workshop. Others may take it as an elec-tive, as space allows.

490.655 Poetry TechniquesThis course offers an introduction to prosody and the technical elements of poetry with an emphasis on structural principles, metrical and syntactical rhythm, sound and rhyme, formal and stanzaic organization, and the use of figurative language. Students read and write poems exploring lyrical, narrative, and dramatic subjects. Writing assignments include exercises, imitations, responses, and original work. Students develop critical reading skills and familiarity with the workshop pro-cess. This core course is required for all incoming poetry stu-dents, although some students may receive Techniques credit for completing 490.741 Advanced Poetry Form and Meter instead. Students outside poetry should consider this course if they want to learn more about poetry.

490.656 nonfiction TechniquesThe intensive reading and writing exercises of this course help students gather information and transform it into clear, creative prose. Reporting techniques include interviewing, personal observation, and examining documents. Writing techniques include quotation, detail, word choice, organiza-tion, transition, and attribution. This core course is required for all incoming nonfiction and science-medical writing students prior to enrolling in a workshop. Students are encouraged to take this course before enrolling in 490.653 Contemporary Nonfiction. Students in fiction or poetry may consider this course as an elective.

490.703 Principles of Journalism(Optional core course for Nonfiction and Science-Medical Writing students)Many of today’s finest creative writers have backgrounds in journalism, with its emphasis on research, accuracy, clarity, and public responsibility. This course features intensive study and exercises in these and other elements, including news writing,

interviewing, objectivity, deadlines, and competition. Students in nonfiction and science-medical writing without a back-ground in journalism are strongly urged to consider this course as an additional foundation for their broader creative writing goals. The course includes frequent short to moderate length writing assignments, lectures from practitioners, and exercises in class and off-site, with analysis of newspapers, newsmaga-zines, news broadcasts, and online reports. Some nonfiction and science-medical writing applicants or degree students may be urged to take this course to improve their writing samples or to help prepare for core courses or writing workshops. Fiction writers and poets may consider this course as an elective.

WorkshopsThe most important courses in the curriculum, workshops involve students creating and revising their own writing in an intensive group critique process. All courses that count as a workshop for degree requirements include the word “work-shop” in their title. Courses without the word “workshop” in their title cannot count as a workshop for degree require-ments. Some workshops are general workshops, in which students may submit writing of any form or style within the specified concentration. A general workshop includes the concentration name in its title: Fiction Workshop, Nonfiction Workshop, Poetry Workshop, etc. Other workshops are spe-cialized, meaning students must submit writing in a certain form or style within the concentration. Specialized workshops include Writing the Novel Workshop, Writing the Review Workshop, Experimental Fiction Workshop, Profile and Biography Workshop, etc. Each category counts toward the degree requirement of three workshops. Students do not have to complete three general workshops to meet degree require-ments; they may complete any combination of general or spe-cialized workshops, or all three in either category.

Unless a core course waiver has been granted, students in fic-tion, nonfiction, and science-medical writing must complete the appropriate Contemporary and Techniques core courses before enrolling in any writing workshop—general or special-ized. Poetry students are urged but not required to complete 490.652 Contemporary American Writers and/or 490.655 Poetry Techniques, if possible, before enrolling in a poetry workshop. All students are encouraged but not required to take each of their three required writing workshops from a different instructor.

Special Note: Students should not take more than one workshop per semester, and no student may take a writing workshop or other intensive writing course outside the student’s concentration without the permission of the associate program chair. Additional writing samples or the completion of core courses may be required before such permission is considered.

Please note the university uses three course numbers for gener-al workshops in a given concentration. These numbers distin-guish between the offerings in an academic year; they do not indicate that workshops are sequential or that students need to take workshops with a different number to meet degree

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requirements. Because the numbering scheme is repeated every year, it is permissible for a student’s three completed general workshops to have the same course number.

490.660-661-662 Fiction WorkshopFiction workshops concentrate on intensive writing and revi-sion, with some required reading. As members of a general workshop, students submit short stories to their instructor and to their peers for regular critiques. Typically, two or three stories are written during a semester; revisions are required. Workshop participants also must submit detailed critiques of their fellow students’ writing. In most cases, students need to submit short stories in at least one general workshop before progressing to novel chapters in a later course.

490.663-664-665 Poetry WorkshopThese general workshops provide an intensive writing experi-ence in conjunction with appropriate reading. As members of a seminar, students submit poems to their instructor and to their peers for weekly critique sessions. Students are expected to spend their time generating new poems and revising others.

490.669 Combined Workshop in nonfiction and Science-Medical WritingThis course allows students in nonfiction and science-medical writing to earn a workshop credit in the same class. Students in both concentrations are urged to enroll. With the instruc-tor’s permission, students in one concentration may submit writing in the other concentration. For more information about the type of writing required for this course, see the descriptions for 490.670 Nonfiction Workshop and 490.673 Science-Medical Writing Workshop below.

490.670-671-672 nonfiction WorkshopThese general workshops give students extensive experience in writing and revising their nonfiction work, regardless of topic or form. Submissions are critiqued by peers as well as by the instructor. Students typically submit two to four essays, articles, or book chapters; revisions are required. Reading and writing exercises also may be required.

490.673-674-675 Science-Medical Writing WorkshopIn these general workshops, students receive professional guidance in translating complex scientific or medical knowl-edge and research into graceful, lucid prose. Directed to the general reader, science writing emphasizes clear, accurate writing about a broad range of scientific or technical subjects. Students may submit individual essays or articles, or parts of a larger work in progress. Writing submissions are critiqued by peers as well as by the instructor. To offer diverse writ-ing opportunities, science-medical writing workshops may be combined with nonfiction workshops; see 490.669 above. This course also counts toward the workshop requirements for nonfiction students.

490.679 Experimental Fiction WorkshopThis specialized workshop introduces students to innova-tive forms by comparing and analyzing two directions for American fiction in recent decades—traditional and experi-mental. Assignments challenge students to experiment with styles that differ from their previous work; extensive reading assignments come from the latest collections. The course fol-lows a format similar to that of 490.660 Fiction Workshop above. The course is open to fiction students who have com-pleted or waived the fiction core courses.

490.682 Writing the novel WorkshopThis specialized workshop is designed for students who are writing a novel. Students must submit a total of 40–75 pages of a novel in progress, plus a synopsis. Revisions also may be required. Included are readings and discussions on the particu-lar demands of longer fiction.

Prerequisite: Fiction Workshop, or permission of the program fiction advisor. (Enrollees also must have completed or waived the fiction core courses.)

490.690 literary Travel Writing WorkshopThe best travel writers weave a rich “sense of place”—an attri-bute also crucial to literary fiction, memoir, and creative non-fiction. The telling detail, apt metaphor, historical reference, cultural connection, and vivid character sketch, coupled with reflections that link these observations to broader themes, can elevate travel writing beyond the guidebook. In this spe-cialized workshop, students complete exercises, hear guest speakers, and analyze the works of acclaimed writers such as Jan Morris, Barry Lopez, Ian Frazier, and Jonathan Raban. Students may visit an assigned nearby location to prepare writing. This workshop is intended for nonfiction and science-medical writing students and counts as a writing workshop. (Enrollees must have completed or waived nonfiction core courses.) Students in fiction or poetry may enroll with the per-mission of the associate program chair.

490.692 Profile and Biography WorkshopArticles or books about people are a central component of contemporary nonfiction and science-medical writing. In this specialized workshop, students examine methods used in pro-file articles, biographies, and, to a lesser extent, fictionalized biographical accounts. Students usually write two or three profiles or biography chapters in this course, plus revisions. This course is open to nonfiction and science-medical writing students who have completed or waived both core courses in their concentrations.

490.693 Writing the Memoir and Personal Essay WorkshopWriters have long enjoyed a major impact on contemporary thought by producing compelling essays about personal experiences, feelings, or ideas. In this specialized workshop, students experiment with memoir and the personal essay as distinct forms and as an exploration of the self. Seminal essays are read to clarify students’ thoughts and to help them develop their own voice and style in personal nonfiction. This

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course is open to nonfiction and science-medical writing stu-dents who have completed or waived both core courses in their concentrations.

490.694 government and Political Writing WorkshopAs the center of American government, Washington also is the capital of writing about government and politics. Students in this specialized workshop are introduced to the substantive topics and technical specifics necessary to report and write on government and politics. Students are asked to analyze, explain, and write about events as they occur in Congress, the White House, and elsewhere in the capital. Guest lecturers provide insights into their craft. This course is open to non-fiction and science-medical writing students who have com-pleted or waived both core courses in their concentrations.

490.695 Viewpoint Journalism WorkshopThis specialized workshop in nonfiction and science-medical writing combines extensive reading and writing in the area of opinion. Students explore the conventions governing effective editorials, personal columns, first-person writing, and other kinds of commentary. Specialists from different areas discuss their craft in guest lectures. This workshop is open to students who have completed or waived the nonfiction and science-medical writing core courses.

490.698 Writing the Review Workshop This specialized workshop focuses on writing reviews. Students learn that reviews and criticism require special writ-ing skills and detailed knowledge. Students read and write reviews of various entertainment and art, including books, films, plays, television, and music. Students might be asked to attend films, concerts, and plays, or to critique certain books and recordings. This course is not focused on literary criticism. This course is designed for nonfiction and science-medical writing students who have completed or waived core requirements; fiction or poetry students may enroll with the permission of the associate program chair.

490.701 Advanced WorkshopAn advanced workshop is offered occasionally to select stu-dents, depending on enrollment and available faculty. The course may focus on a special form or topic, or it may be led by a visiting writer, special instructor, or other experienced faculty member. The concentration in which this course is offered varies. In most cases, enrollment will be competitive, and new writing samples may be required. This workshop counts as one of the three required for the degree. Interested students should discuss this course with their advisor or the associate program chair. Application information and other details for each Advanced Workshop will be presented in the appropriate term’s Course Schedule.

Prerequisite: At least one workshop in the student’s concentration or permission of the associate program chair, plus approval through any special application process.

Elective CoursesThe program offers three types of elective courses: reading electives, craft electives, and cross-concentration electives. Reading electives are literature courses that involve analysis and discussion of intensive reading assignments, with few writing requirements. Craft electives focus on special issues of technique, such as voice or structure, and may involve exten-sive reading plus some writing exercises and assignments. Cross-concentration electives are courses that are open to stu-dents of several or all concentrations.

Students usually can take electives at any time, even if they have not completed required core courses. However, students are strongly urged to complete core courses as soon as possible, so they have the option of taking a workshop or elective in subsequent terms.

Writing Program students usually must complete three elec-tives to earn their degrees (although additional workshops may count as electives), and at least one of those electives must be specifically within the concentration of interest. Students should consult the course descriptions below or the Writing Program’s Student Handbook for information on electives designed for their chosen concentration. Generally, electives numbered 490.678, 490.680, 490.683-84, 490.687, 490.721, and 490.731 are designed for fiction students. Course num-bers 490.681, 490.685, 490.741-42 are for poetry students, while electives 490.689 through 490.705 are meant for non-fiction or science-medical writers. Other electives (490.676-677, 490.686, and 490.711) are designed for students from several or any concentration. With an advisor’s approval, stu-dents may take electives outside their chosen concentration. Depending on their background, students may be asked to submit appropriate writing samples for the new concentration before they are allowed to register.

Students should carefully plan their studies to include their top choices for elective courses. Electives are offered on a rotating basis; some are scheduled only once every two or three years. While students generally register on a first-come, first-served basis, students within a concentration may, at the program’s discretion, be granted enrollment priority when registering for required or elective courses within that concen-tration. New electives may be offered at any time.

490.676 Sentence Power: From Craft to ArtThis craft elective is open to students of all concentrations. Through close reading and brief exercises, students learn vari-ous techniques to assemble sentences and establish syntactic relationships within paragraphs. Students imitate other writ-ers, as well as revise, exchange, and discuss paragraphs or stanzas from their own work. Authors to be studied may include Updike, Munro, and Welty in fiction; Dillard, Maclean, and Mitchell in nonfiction; Brodsky, Hecht, and Bishop in poetry; and Thomas, McPhee, and Quammen in science and nature.

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490.677 Shakespeare: Art and AudienceThis reading elective is designed primarily for fiction and poetry students, although any student may enroll with an advisor’s permission. The course focuses on Shakespeare’s abil-ity to create art of the highest quality while remaining enter-taining to large audiences—a goal that has proved elusive to many of today’s writers. Students analyze how Shakespeare created dramatic and poetic traditions and was instrumental in shaping current prose fiction. The course involves reading, discussing, and possibly attending plays, as well as critical and creative writing options.

490.678 novel Form, Style, and StructureThis craft elective is meant primarily for fiction writers, espe-cially those writing or wishing to write a novel. Others, how-ever, might find it of interest. The course focuses on a writer’s analysis of novels, expanding the study of fiction into tech-niques and issues relating to the longer form. Topics include structure, character arcs, style, consistency of voice, techniques of backstory, and plot management. Writing assignments are minimal in this course, but extensive reading and class par-ticipation are required. Readings usually include a number of novels, plus books or essays on novel craft.

490.680 20th-Century World literatureIn this reading course, stories or novels from such authors as Kafka, Beckett, Waugh, Marquez, Malamud, Coetzee, and Tanizaki are used to explain how different cultures may have different literary traditions but how the mechanisms of good writing are universal. Students demonstrate their understand-ing of one or more pieces of the literature by an oral presenta-tion as well as by a written story, essay, or paper.

490.681 development of Poetry and Poetics i (20th Century)This reading/craft analysis course focuses on 20th-century American poetry, primarily from the Modernists through the post–World War II era. Students may choose either creative or critical writing assignments inspired by or based on the writers studied.This course is designed to pair with 490.685 Development of Poetry and Poetics II, which covers poetry before the 20th century. Students wishing to take both do not have to take them in any order. Other students may consider either poetics course as an elective.

490.683 Voice in Modern FictionIn this craft elective, students examine aspects of voice in contemporary novels and short stories, considering how style, point of view, tone, structure, and culture all contribute to an author’s or narrator’s individual voice. In recognizing how authors use these elements, students use exercises to strengthen their own fictional voices. Readings include nov-els, short stories, and articles on craft. Class assignments may include response writings and original fiction as well as oral presentations.

490.684 The Heritage of Fiction i & iiThis reading course examines the historical development of fiction craft, emphasizing the interrelationship of social and cultural development with the maturation of writing. Students learn to appreciate how contemporary authors have roots in the fiction of the past, and how they themselves might be inspired by those who came before them. The course requires extensive reading as well as creative and critical writing. Section I examines fiction before the 20th century; Section II examines the 20th century. Either section may be taken, and neither has to be taken in order.

490.685 development of Poetry and Poetics ii (Pre–20th Century)This historical survey traces the changing conventions and innovations of English and American poetry before the 20th century. Students read representative poetry and seminal essays and produce creative and critical writing in response. The emphasis is on lyric poetry, with special attention to meter, figurative language, diction, and rhetorical stance, as well as on the evolution of the poet’s role in society. This course is designed to pair with 490.681 Development of Poetry and Poetics I, which covers poetry in the 20th century. Students wishing to take both do not have to take them in any order. Other students may receive permission to enroll in either course as an elective.

490.686 identity in Contemporary WritingThis cross-concentration elective explores how personal iden-tity is transformed into fiction, poetry, and essays. Writers studied include those whose race, class, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or disability figure prominently in their work, as well as writers who ignore or dismiss such categoriza-tion. Students write short responses and an essay for discussion by the class. This course should be of interest to students of any concentration.

490.687 The Short Story: Past and PresentThis fiction reading elective begins with a brief review of the history and development of short fiction, moving to analysis of contemporary forms, trends, and practitioners. Featured authors may include Chekhov, Carver, Paley, Barthelme, Munro, and Dixon. The course focuses on intense reading, analysis, and discussion more than writing assignments. Students also may be asked to make class presentations and to review a range of literary journals.

490.689 Masters of nonfictionThis reading elective allows students to analyze and discuss contemporary nonfiction and science-medical writing without the additional requirement of extensive writing assignments. While students write brief reports and make a class presen-tation, the course largely involves reading and discussing such masters of the genre as McPhee, Wolfe, Didion, Talese, Kidder, and others. Extensive reading is required, and stu-dents should be prepared for significant class participation.

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This course is designed primarily for students in nonfiction and science-medical writing; fiction writers and poets also may find it of interest.

490.691 Science Policy and PoliticsThis course explores how science, medicine, and technology can be affected by politics and practices within government, the private sector, and within the fields themselves. Students use the evolution of science policy as context for discussion, research, and writing about contemporary issues. Students in science-medical writing are encouraged to take this course, which requires class presentations and an essay on science policy and politics.

490.696 The nature of natureThis reading course focuses on Mother Nature, human nature, and the nature of the beast. The course is recommended for science-medical and nonfiction writers, although others may find it of interest. Students analyze books, essays, and articles from writers who tell gripping, true stories about topics ranging from outdoor adventure to personal reflections on ill-ness. Readings include authors such as Richard Selzer, Diane Ackerman, E.O. Wilson, Amy Bloom, Reynolds Price, and John McPhee.

490.697 The literature of Science This reading elective for science-medical writers and nonfic-tion students focuses on the fact-based literature and journal-ism of science, medicine, and technology. The course allows students to analyze contemporary and classic works of science, medical, and nature writing without requiring extensive writ-ing. Students examine how writers can engage non-scientists, satisfy specialists, and make complex subjects accessible and entertaining. Assignments include brief reviews and class pre-sentations, but the emphasis is on reading and discussing the work of accomplished writers such as Thomas, Rhodes, Sagan, Ackerman, McPhee, Sobel, and Clarke.

490.699 Magazine Style and SubstanceThis reading and craft elective course is designed for nonfic-tion and science-medical writers. To improve as writers and learn about markets, students read, study, and discuss a range of contemporary mass-market magazines and magazine writ-ing. Students write brief reports and deliver presentations, although the course involves a minimum of writing and a maximum of reading. Students focus on magazines such as The Atlantic Monthly, Discover, Harper’s, The New Yorker, Outside, Vanity Fair, Rolling Stone, Salon.com, and Wired, as well as less-prominent publications. This course generally does not cover literary journals.

490.702 international nonfictionThis reading elective, designed primarily for nonfiction and science-medical writers, focuses on an array of prize-winning authors from around the world. Through reading and discus-sion of such writers as Naipaul, Rushdie, Kapuscinski, Levi, Mehta, and Soyinka, students will discover new perspectives, subjects, voices, and writing techniques that may be used to enrich their own writing. Students spend most of their time analyzing and presenting nonfiction books, memoirs, and essays, with the additional requirement of a final review, paper, essay, memoir, or piece of literary journalism.

490.703 Principles of Journalism(Also listed as optional core course in Nonfiction and Science-Medical Writing)Many of today’s finest creative writers have backgrounds in journalism, with its emphasis on research, accuracy, clarity, and public responsibility. This craft course features intensive study and exercises in these and other elements, including news writing, interviewing, objectivity, deadlines, and competition. Students in nonfiction and science-medical writing without a background in journalism are urged to consider this course as an additional foundation for their broader creative writing goals. The course includes frequent writing assignments, lectures from practitioners, and exercises in-class and off-site, with analysis of newspapers, newsmagazines, news broadcasts, and online reports. Some nonfiction and science-medical writing applicants or degree students may be urged to take this course to improve their writing samples or to help prepare for core courses or writ-ing workshops. Fiction writers and poets may consider this elec-tive with an advisor’s permission.

490.704 Readings in Essay and MemoirThis reading course focuses on essay and memoir both short and long, with the goal of deeper understanding of these popular writing forms. The course is designed for nonfiction and science-medical writing students; others may consider it with an advisor’s permission. Only minor writing assignments or exercises are included. Students interested in workshop-style writing of essays and memoir should consider 490.693 Writing the Memoir and Personal Essay or regular nonfiction workshops.

490.705 Crafting a nonfiction VoiceThis craft elective should be of interest primarily to nonfiction and science-medical writers. Through reading and writing exercises, students become familiar with the techniques of re-creating voices of others and of shaping a writing voice of their own. The skill to represent a person’s character, mind, and feelings also is essential to ghostwriters, speechwriters, writing collaborators, feature writers, and novelists. This course focuses on the tools such writers use to craft a voice.

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490.711 Masterworks: Examining the BoundariesThis cross-concentration reading course, designed for students of any concentration, focuses on a writer’s analysis of master-works in fiction, nonfiction, and science-medical writing. The course involves extensive reading and discussion to study mat-ters of technique and to investigate the changing boundaries among the genres.

490.714 Essence of Place: description, detail, and SettingThis new craft elective course, designed for students from any program concentration, focuses on a wide range of writing techniques that add richness, context, and depth, including description, detail, setting, observation, metaphor and simile, allusion, contrast, and background research. Students will read and analyze travel, short fiction, memoir, science, novels, nature, poetry, creative nonfiction, and other forms. Technique will be developed through reading, analyses, and writing exer-cises; this is not a workshop. This course counts as an elective in nonfiction, fiction, science-medical writing, or poetry.

490.721 drama and PlaywritingThis fiction craft elective involves intensive writing and read-ing to introduce students to basic elements of drama studies and playwriting. Playwriting, with its heritage of portraying events through conflict, remains one of our most active liter-ary forms. Students write part or all of a short play for class critique and may be asked to attend one or more local produc-tions. The course is designed primarily for fiction students who have completed Fiction Techniques. Fiction students who have not completed those courses or other students interested in this course must have the fiction advisor’s permission to enroll. Enrollees should recognize the extensive creative writ-ing challenges of this course if they decide to pair it with a workshop.

490.731 Film and ScreenwritingFilm is a central artistic medium of our age. In this intensive writing course, students are introduced to the basics of film studies and screenwriting by reading scripts, examining films from a writer’s perspective, and writing one or more short screenplays. Topics include dialogue, characterization, plot, subtext, and visual storytelling. The craft elective is designed primarily for fiction students who have completed Fiction Techniques. Fiction students who have not completed those courses or other students interested in this course must have the fiction advisor’s permission to enroll. Enrollees should rec-ognize the extensive creative writing challenges of this course if they decide to pair it with a workshop.

490.741 Advanced Poetry Form and Meter (formerly Poetry Form and Techniques)This course has been revised to offer an intense investigation of meter and form. Students read, write, and critique blank verse, ballad stanzas, sonnets, villanelles, and other forms,

and investigate the ways in which contemporary poets work within the critical and historical traditions of formal verse. With their advisor’s permission, poetry students may receive Poetry Techniques core course credit for this course.

490.742 Reading Modern Poetry This reading elective invites students to read closely and discuss the work of recent English-language poets and others who will be experienced in translation. The class will focus on extensive reading, analysis, and discussion, with occasional opportunities to write. Poets and prose writers are equally welcome to enroll.

ThesisStudents may enroll in the final thesis course only after completion of all core courses, workshops, and electives. All thesis students must submit a Thesis Planning Form at least one month before taking the course. A writing program the-sis must be based on work created and revised in previous courses.

490.801 Thesis and PublicationThis final course is required for all degree candidates and is offered only in the fall and spring terms. The two major goals of the course are the completion of a successful thesis and an enriching, challenging capstone experience for the entire program. A creative writing thesis must be of consider-able ambition and length—portions of a novel or a nonfiction or science-medical book, or a collection of poems, short sto-ries, essays, or articles. Thesis students should select their best, most-revised work from previous program courses; not all pro-gram writing will become part of a student’s thesis. Students taking this course are required to submit a full thesis draft by the second week of the course; the author spends the term revising the thesis under the supervision of an approved ad-visor. To provide extensive time for revision, thesis students meet as a class only for certain weeks during the term. During those final class sessions, students contribute to and help edit a class journal project, engage in forward-looking discussions on the writing life, participate in a program-capping roundtable discussion, and rehearse and conduct a public reading.

Prerequisite: All other required and elective courses; this course con-cludes the degree program. Students are not allowed to take any other course at the same time as Thesis and Publication unless the other course is additional to program requirements. Even in such cases, the associate program chair must approve the other course.

Please note that students who do not finish their thesis during the original term in which they enroll must pay a continuation-of-enroll-ment fee for each subsequent term until a final grade has been submit-ted. This fee is $200 per term and will be billed four weeks after the beginning of the new term. Failure to pay this fee will result in the student receiving a grade of F in the uncompleted course.

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Hopkins Summer Programs offers credit classes to Hopkins undergraduates, visiting undergraduates and qualified high school students. The Summer Session includes two five-week terms, which run generally late May through early August. Short-term, credit-bearing programs designed especially for high school students are also offered.

The Krieger School of Arts and Sciences and the Whiting School of Engineering sponsor the Summer Session courses, providing the same academic rigor as required in their spring

and fall terms. The Pre-college Program places academically talented high school students in undergraduate classes, allow-ing them to earn credit and a Hopkins transcript, useful in the college application process. Discover Hopkins Programs for high school students are topic-based programs that showcase Hopkins’ faculty and programs. Visiting students earn credit to transfer to their home institutions or to explore subjects of personal or professional interest. This variety of students and course offerings makes the Homewood campus a busy, vital educational center in the summer.

The Johns Hopkins Post-Baccalaureate Premedical Program gives college graduates and professionals the opportunity to take the required courses for admission to leading medi-cal schools. Students enroll in the Krieger School of Arts and Sciences day classes to complete the core premedical curriculum known for its rigor and quality. Designed to meet the needs of diverse and talented individuals, this pro-gram is for students who have excellent academic records in undergraduate and/or graduate school, have never applied to medical school, and have the ultimate goal of entering the medical profession. The basic curriculum includes Biology, General Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, and Physics with labs. Generally, students must not have previously taken more than one-half of the science courses required for entering medical school. The typical program takes 12 to 14 months of full-time study.

This program emphasizes personal attention and numerous elective opportunities. An eight-week lecture series involving

Hopkins medical school faculty is the basis of a one-credit seminar course taken exclusively by the post-baccalaureate students. Over intersession students may participate in a three-week hospital internship that includes medical rounds, patient reports, and mentoring by physicians. Students also gain experience in areas of interest related to medicine through classes provided by other university divisions, such as tutorials at the School of Medicine.

Having a fulfilling post-baccalaureate experience is more than just academics. It is also being a part of the Johns Hopkins community of students and faculty. To help build student support and friendship there are planned social get-togethers that include speakers and monthly dinners.

For more information please check the Post-Baccalaureate Premedical Program Web site at www.jhu.edu/postbac, or telephone 410-516-7748.

Other Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences Programs

Founded in 1909, the Johns Hopkins School of Professional Studies in Business and Education offers graduate and under-graduate programs for working professionals enrolled on a part-time basis in its four academic divisions: Business, Education, Public Safety Leadership and Undergraduate Studies. In addi-

tion, the school offers lifelong learning through its non-credit programs. Located on the Homewood campus in Baltimore, Maryland, the school enrolls more than 4,500 students at its five off-campus centers in the Baltimore-Washington area. For more information: www.spsbe.jhu.edu.

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Johns Hopkins Summer Programs

Johns Hopkins Post-Baccalaureate Premedical Program

Since 1915, Johns Hopkins University and the Whiting School of Engineering have recognized the importance of offering our community’s workforce professional education in engineering. Today, the Engineering and Applied Science Programs for Professionals provides working students gradu-ate programs in a wide variety of engineering disciplines, including: bioinformatics, biomedical engineering, computer science, electrical and computer engineering, environmental engineering, technical management, and systems engineer-ing. Currently, more than 2,200 students are enrolled in the programs at seven education centers located throughout the

Baltimore-Washington area, including Southern Maryland. A selection of courses is also offered online. The faculty con-sists of outstanding practitioners and researchers from the region’s top private and government organizations. Student services are structured to meet the needs of students that have responsibilities outside of the classroom. The broad range in the academic programs offered and the added convenience of enabling students to complete their graduate degrees near where they work and live make it one of the nation’s leading engineering education providers. To learn more about these programs visit www.epp.jhu.edu.

Whiting School of Engineering

The Johns Hokins Bloomberg School of Public Health is the oldest, largest, and most academically acclaimed school of public health in the country. The school offers full or part-time programs as well as short-term, intensive courses in classroom settings or via the Distance Education program.

Certificate programs train degree and non-degree seeking students. The school’s 10 academic departments offer two master’s and three doctoral degrees, as well as several joint degrees. A schoolwide master of public health (MPH) is also offered.

Bloomberg School of Public Health

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2006–2007


Raymond A. MasonChair

C. Michael ArmstrongErnest A. BatesGeorge L. Bunting Jr.Vice Chairs

Robert J. AbernethyLeonard Abramson*Christopher C. AngellPeter G. Angelos*Norman R. Augustine* Lenox D. Baker Jr.H. Furlong Baldwin*Jeremiah A. Barondess* Alfred R. Berkeley IIIKenneth I. BernsDavid H. Bernstein*Paula E. BoggsAurelia G. Bolton* Andrew J. Bozzelli*Andre W. Brewster* William R. Brody, ex officioRandolph W. Bromery* Francis B. Burch Jr.Constance R. CaplanWilliam P. Carey*Roderich M. Carr, ex officioA. James Clark*Charles I. ClarvitN. Anthony ColesVictor J. Dankis* Anthony W. DeeringLoren R. DouglassIna R. DrewEdward K. Dunn Jr.Manuel Dupkin II* Lisa C. Egbuonu-DavisMarjorie M. FisherPamela P. Flaherty James A. Flick Jr.* Richard S. FraryGottlieb C. Friesinger II* Stephen GoutmanSanford D. Greenberg Benjamin H. Griswold III*Benjamin H. Griswold IV Willard Hackerman*Robert D. H. Harvey* Lee Meyerhoff HendlerRafael Hernandez-Colon*David C. HodgsonChristopher Hoehn-SaricStuart S. Janney IIIRobert L. JohnsonG. Donald Johnston Jr.* Edward J. Kelly III Jeong H. Kim

J. Barclay KnappDavid H. KochDonald A. KurzW. Wallace Lanahan Jr.*Robert J. LawlessJoanne Leedom-AckermanAlexander H. LeviMarjorie G. Lewisohn*Kwok-Leung LiF. Pierce Linaweaver* Roger C. LipitzEdward J. LudwigChristina MattinGail J. McGovern Peter A. MeyerHarvey M. Meyerhoff* Kweisi MfumeCharles D. Miller* James A. Miller Jr., ex officioMilton H. Miller*Diana G. MotzHeather Hay MurrenNaneen H. Neubohn Ronald M. NordmannR. Kendall NottinghamRalph S. O’Connor*Morris W. Offit, ex officioElizabeth OwensAnne M. Pinkard* Walter D. Pinkard Jr. Michael F. PriceGeorge G. Radcliffe* Joseph R. ReynoldsBrian C. RogersDavid M. RubinsteinMark E. Rubenstein John F. Ruffle Arthur Sarnoff* Frank Savage Wayne N. Schelle*Herschel L. Seder* Robert A. SederHuntington Sheldon*Donald J. ShepardR. Champlin Sheridan Jr.*Wen ShiRajendra SinghWendell A. Smith* Helmut Sonnenfeldt* Shale D. Stiller* Morris Tanenbaum*Adena W. TestaEdward G. Uhl*William F. Ward Jr.Christopher WatsonCalman J. Zamoiski Jr.*

* Trustee Emeritus

Trustees of the University

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William R. BrodyPresident

Steven KnappProvost and Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs

James T. McGillSenior Vice President for Finance and Administration

Edward D. Miller CEO of Johns Hopkins Medicine, Vice President for Medicine, and Dean of the Faculty of Medicine

Stephen S. DunhamVice President and General Counsel

Charles PhlegarInterim Vice President for Development and Alumni Relations

Linda L. RobertsonVice President for Government, Community, and Public Affairs

Charlene Moore HayesVice President for Human Resources

Paula P. BurgerVice Provost

Edgar E. RoulhacVice Provost for Academic Services

Theodore O. PoehlerVice Provost for Research

Stephanie L. ReelChief Information Officer and Vice Provost for Information Technology

Pam CranstonAssociate Provost for Academic Affairs

James J. Zeller Jr.Associate Provost for Budgets and Planning

Jill SorensenAssociate Provost and Director of the Office of Licensing and Technology Development

Ray GillianAssociate Provost and Director of the Office of Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action

Jerome D. SchnydmanExecutive Assistant to the President and Secretary of the Board of Trustees

William E. Snow Jr.Treasurer

Kathryn J. CreceliusChief Investment Officer

Adam FalkDean, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Nicholas P. JonesDean, Whiting School of Engineering

Michael J. KlagDean, Bloomberg School of Public Health

Martha HillDean, School of Nursing

Jessica EinhornDean, Nitze School of Advanced International Studies

Ralph FesslerDean, School of Professional Studies in Business and Education

Peter LandgrenInterim Director, Peabody Institute

Richard T. RocaDirector, Applied Physics Laboratory

Winston TabbDean, University Libraries

Principal Administrative Officers and deans

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Fredric Abramson, PhD/JDLecturer, BiotechnologyAdvanced Academic Programs

Omer E. Alper, PhDResearch AnalystCNA Corporation

M. Javad Aman, PhDPrincipal InvestigatorClinical Research Management Inc.

David M. Anderson Lecturer, GovernmentAdvanced Academic Programs

John S. Anderson, PhDPrinciple Systems AnalystIS Mavens

Sarah L. Anzick, PhDDirector, Intramural Training OfficeNational Human Genome Research Institute

David R. Applegate, PhDU.S. Geological Survey

Rebecca Arbogast, JDDirector, Legal AnalysisLegg Mason

Esther J. Asaki, MAPrincipalSRA International

Jeffrey I. Auerbach, PhD/JDPartnerLiniak, Berenato, & White, L.L.C.Takoma Park City Council

Susanna Barsella, PhDAdjunct Visiting ProfessorGeorgetown University

Candy C. Bartoldus, PhDResearch Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Science and PolicyGeorge Mason University

Stephen Bates, JDLiterary EditorWilson Quarterly

Carl Bausch, JDDirector, Office of Human and Natural EnvironmentFederal Transit Administration

Andreas D. Baxevanis, PhDDeputy Scientific DirectorDirector, Computational Program, National Institutes of Health

Eric Biel, JDSenior VP and General CounselFontheim International, L.L.C.

Carol Bier, MAResearch AssociateThe Textile Museum

Charles Bingman, MBALecturer, GovernmentAdvanced Academic Programs

Joseph M. Bishop, PhDDirector, Office of Research and Technology ApplicationsNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

William Black Lecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Peter Black, MASupervisory Special AgentOffice of the Inspector General, Department of Defense

David S. Blackman, PhDProfessor of Chemistry (Retired)University of the District of Columbia

Ann Blum, MACivil Servant Bureau of Human ResourcesU.S. State Department

Mark Blyth, PhDAssociate Professor of Political ScienceJohns Hopkins University

Dina L. G. Borzekowski, EdD, EdM Lecturer, Communication in Contemporary SocietyAdvanced Academic Programs

Daniel M. Boward, MSProgram ChiefMaryland Department of Natural Resources

Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences — Advanced Academic Programs

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Daniel T. Bradfield, MADirector, Office of Policy and RepresentationBlueCross BlueShield Association

William J. Brenner, MADepartment of Political ScienceJohns Hopkins University

Jonathan R. Brody Lecturer, BiotechnologyAdvanced Academic Programs

Joseph B. Browder PartnerDunlap and Browder

Bruce Brown, PhDStaff ScientistHenry M. Jackson Foundation

Bonnie Burgess, MSLecturer, Environmental Sciences and PolicyAdvanced Academic Programs

Kenneth G. Carlberg Lecturer, Communication in Contemporary SocietyAdvanced Academic Programs

Seth Carpenter, PhDSenior EconomistFederal Reserve Board

John Carra Research ScientistU.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases

Andrea E. Chamblee, Esq.Compliance ManagerOtsuka America Pharmaceuticals Inc

Sanjay Chugh, PhDLecturer, Applied EconomicsAdvanced Academic Programs

Mary Collins, MALecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Thomas E. Colonna, PhD/JDGeneral ManagerBiotech-Consultant L.L.C.

John T. Cookson, PhDSenior Vice PresidentXpert Design & Diagnostics

Patrick J. Cummings, ScDSenior Associate Program ChairAdvanced Biotechnology StudiesAdvanced Academic ProgramsZanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Duane Cummins, PhDPresident Emeritus (Retired)Bethany College

David R. Curson Lecturer, Environmental Sciences and PolicyAdvanced Academic Programs

Steven R. David, PhDDirector, International Studies ProgramJohns Hopkins University

Tristan Davies, MASenior Lecturer, The Writing SeminarsJohns Hopkins University

Federica Brunori Deigan LecturerUniversity of Maryland, College Park

Alison S. Demarest, MBA/MSDirector, Quality and Regulatory AffairsBioReliance

Evan G. DeRenzo, PhDBioethicistCenter for Ethics, Washington Hospital Center

Cris deRitis, PhDPrincipal EconomistFannie Mae

Milad Doueihi, PhDLecturer, Communication in Contemporary SocietyAdvanced Academic Programs

David C. Dougherty, PhDLecturer, Liberal ArtsAdvanced Academic Programs

Brian M Doyle, PhDEconomistFederal Reserve Board

Ellen M. Dudley, MAAuthor, Editor, Essayist

Charles B. Duff Lecturer, Liberal ArtsAdvanced Academic Programs

Jill Egeth, PhDPublic Policy AnalystFederation of Behavioral, Psychological, and Cognitive Scientists

Matthew J. Eichner, PhDAssistant Director, Division of Market RegulationSecurities and Exchange Commission

David C. Elbert, PhDGeologist, Earth and Planetary SciencesZanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Aboubaker El-Kharroubi, PhDStaff ScientistNational Cancer Institute

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Leon A. Epps, PhDExpert Review Chemist, Center for Drugs Evaluations and ResearchU.S. Food and Drug Administration

David Everett, MAAssociate Program Chair, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Erika Falk, PhDAssociate Program Chair, Communication in Contemporary SocietyAdvanced Academic Programs

William L. Farrar Jr., PhDDeputy DirectorLaboratory of Molecular ImmunoregulationNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health

Mark Farrington, MFALecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Suzanne B. Fierston, MALecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Jonathan Filer, PhDAssistant ProfessorTowson University

Daniel J. Fiorino, PhDDirector, Performance Incentives DivisionU.S. Environmental Protection Agency

George Fisher, PhDProfessor Emeritus of GeologyJohns Hopkins University

Michael J. Focazio, PhDHydrologistU.S. Geological Survey

Nancy E. Forgione, PhDVisiting Assistant Professor, History of ArtZanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Pier Massimo Forni, PhDProfessor, Romance Languages and LiteraturesZanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Michael C. Fratantoni, PhDSenior Director, Policy ResearchMortgage Bankers Association

Mark R. Fratrik, PhDVice PresidentBIA Financial Network

Anna Fruttero, PhDDevelopment EconomistWorld Bank

Brandy Fureman, PhDHealth Science Policy AnalystNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

Michael Y. Galperin, PhDStaff ScientistNational Institutes of Health

Stephen Gange, PhDAssociate ProfessorJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Christopher Garmon, PhDEconomistFederal Trade Commission

Robert W. Georgantas III, PhDPostdoctoral FellowJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Ari GerstleResearch EconomistU.S. Dept. of Justice, Antitrust Division

George R. Gibson, PhDBiologistU.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Benjamin Ginsberg, PhDDavid Bernstein Professor, Political Science,Director, Center for the Study of American GovernmentChair, GovernmentAdvanced Academic Programs

Myrna Goldenberg PhDDirector, Humanities InstituteMontgomery College

Valery M. Gordon, PhDExtramural Human Subjects Research Policy OfficerNational Institutes of Health

Elise Gould, PhDEconomistEconomic Policy Institute

John M. Greene, PhDPrincipal and Director of BioinformaticsSRA International Inc.

Earle A. Greene, MSGround Water SpecialistU.S. Geological Survey

Harvey L. Grossinger, MA/MFAAuthor, Editor, Book Critic

Joseph W. Gruber, PhDEconomistFederal Reserve Board

Ram K. Gupta, MSDirector, Research SystemsAmerican Type Culture Collection

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Margaret Guroff, MAFeatures EditorAARP: The Magazine

Elin A. Gursky Sc.D.Principal Deputy for BiodefenseAnalytic Services, Inc.

Daniel Guttman, JDAttorney-at-Law

Ruth Levy Guyer, PhDFreelance Writer, Commentator on National Public RadioVisiting ProfessorHaverford College

Charbel Haber, PhDManager, Worldwide Regulatory AffairsMerck, Inc

Hans J. Hacker, PhDAdjunct Professor of Public LawUniversity of Maryland

Douglas Harris, PhDAssistant Professor of Political ScienceLoyola College in Maryland

Kenneth J. Hautman JDPartnerHogan and Hartson

Jennifer A. Haverkamp Lecturer, Environmental Sciences and PolicyAdvanced Academic Programs

Phyllis Hecht Web Site ManagerNational Gallery of Art

Ned Helme, MPPPresidentCenter for Clean Air Policy

Melissa Hendricks Freelance Writer and Editor

Richard C. Henry, PhDProfessor, Physics and AstronomyJohns Hopkins University

Neil Hertz, MAProfessor Emeritus of Humanities Johns Hopkins University

Cathy S. Hibbert, PhDCancer Research Training Award FellowNational Cancer Institute

Brandon W. Higgs, PhDSenior Scientist, Computational BiologyMITRE Corporation

Melissa Hilbish, PhDAssociate Program Chair, Master of Liberal Arts ProgramAdvanced Academic Programs

Robert A. Hiles, MAEnglish FacultyInstitute of Notre Dame

Kathryn Wagner Hill, PhDAssociate Program Chair, Government ProgramsAdvanced Academic Programs

Russell T. Hill, PhDAssociate ProfessorUniversity of Maryland Biotechnology Institute

Daniel A. Hinckley, PhDSenior Project Manager/Senior ScientistEA Engineering, Science & Technology, Inc.

Arthur Hirsch, MSFeature WriterThe Baltimore Sun

David R. Hodge, PhDLaboratory of Molecular ImmunoregulationNational Cancer Institute at Frederick

Robert Horner, PhDLecturer, BiotechnologyAdvanced Academic Programs

Dale Hoscheit, JDBoard of DirectorsBanner & Witcoff, L.T.D.

Henry S. Hsu, PhDStatisticianU.S. Food and Drug Administration

Siiri Iismaa, PhDLecturer, BiotechnologyAdvanced Academic Programs

Ede Ijjasz, PhDManager, Water and Sanitation ProgramThe World Bank

Paul T. Jacobson, PhDManaging PartnerLanghei Ecology, L.L.C.

Lisa Jaeger PartnerBrazewell and Giuliani LLP

Sanjeeda Jafar, PhDInstructorMorgan State University

Stephen Janis, MLAChief Operations OfficerMorphius Records

Malin Jennings, BASenior Vice PresidentFleishman Hillard

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Edward Johnson, PhDResearch EconomistU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Laundette P. Jones, PhDPostdoctoral FellowGeorgetown University/Lombardi Cancer Center

Collins R. Jones, PhDAssistant ProfessorMontgomery College

I. King Jordan, PhDStaff ScientistNational Center for Biotechnology InformationNational Institutes of Health

Kishna Kalicharran, PhD/MBADirector, Intellectual Property and Technology ManagementNabi Biopharmaceuticals

Robert Kaminski, PhDImmunologist, Dept. of Enteric InfectiveWalter Reed Army Institute of Research

Jack L. Kangas, PhDProfessor, Center for the Defense Leadership and Management ProgramNational Defense University

Sally Katzen, JDLecturer, GovernmentAdvanced Academic Programs

Paul Kazyak, MSEcological Assessments Program ChiefMaryland Department of Natural Resources

Jeff Kehne, JDSenior AssociateAkin, Gump, Stransi, Hauer & Feld

Dale Keiger, BSJSenior WriterJohns Hopkins Magazine

Kenneth H. Kelly, CFA, PhDEconomistFederal Trade Commission

Denise Keyes Lecturer, Communication in Contemporary SocietyAdvanced Academic Programs

Robert Kneuper, PhDStaff EconomistFederal Trade Commission

Mary Knudson, BAFreelance Writer

Michael Koban, PhDAssistant ProfessorMorgan State University

Arthur T. Koines, MASenior Policy AdvisorU.S. Environmental Protections Agency

John J. Kornacki, PhDExecutive DirectorRichardson Policy Institute

Thomas M. Koval, PhDPresidentT Koval Consulting

Paul Kramer, PhDAssistant Professor of HistoryZanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Daniel Kuebbing, PhDDirectorUMBI GMP Training and Biomanufacturing Program

Marcel C. LaFollette, PhDLecturer, Liberal ArtsAdvanced Academic Programs

Eugene I. LambertLecturer, Food and Drug LawAdvanced Academic ProgramsSenior Counsel, Covington & Burling

David Landsman, PhDChief, Computational Biology Branch, National Center for BiotechnologyNational Institutes of Health

P. Steven LaneVice President OperationsUnited States Pharmacopeia

Jeffrey W. Lang, MSDirector, Finance and Financial OperationsAlphaGenics, Inc.

Andrea G. Lange, PhDSenior Manager-Justice ProgramsLockheed Martin

Lynn Johnson Langer, MBASenior Associate Program Chair, Advanced Biotechnology StudiesAdvanced Academic Programs

Eric S. Langer, MSManaging PartnerBioPlan Associates, Inc.

Susan Langley, PhDMaryland State Underwater Archaeologist

Marc A. Lapadula, MFAVisiting Assistant Professor, Writing SeminarsZanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Carolyn Laurencot, PhDSenior Regulatory ScientistNational Cancer Institute

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Ramanan Laxminarayan, PhDFellowResources for the Future

Frank Lebeda, PhDDeputy Chief, Integrated Toxicology DivisionU.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases

Michael S. Lebowitz, PhDDirector of ResearchPanacea Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Sang-Sub Lee, PhDSenior EconomistFederal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

JoAnna L. Lessard, PhDAquatic EcologistTetra Tech, Inc.

Robert Lessick, PhDInstructor, Advanced Biotechnology StudiesBiotechnology and BioinformaticsAdvanced Academic Programs

Michael K. Lettau, PhDEconomistU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Elissa R. Levine, PhDSoil ScientistNASA-Goddard Space Flight Center

Ghita Levine, MLALecturer, GovernmentAdvanced Academic Programs

Joseph P. Libonati, PhDConsultantIntralytix, Inc.

Steven E. Linberg, PhDManaging Director, TreasurerChiesi Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

William R. Loizeaux, MALecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Jason Loviglio, PhDAssistant Professor, American StudiesUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore County

Michael Luce, PhDLecturer, Advanced Biotechnology StudiesAdvanced Academic Programs

Thomas Mahnken, PhDVisiting FellowJohns Hopkins UniversitySchool of Advanced International Studies

Albert M. Manville II, PhDWildlife Biologist, Division of Migratory Bird ManagementU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Roya Marefat, PhDLecturer, Communication in Contemporary SocietyAdvanced Academic Programs

Myron L. Marlin Senior Vice PresidentAPCO Worldwide

Diane E. Marotta, PhDPostdoctoral FellowNational Institute of Health

Ernest D. Marquez, PhDAssociate Director for Special PopulationsNational Institutes of Mental Health

Robert F. Martin, PhDEconomistFederal Reserve Board

Jeffrey G. Masek, PhDResearch ScientistNASA-Goddard Flight Space Center

Susan McCarter, PhDLecturer, Liberal ArtsAdvanced Academic Programs

P. Kyle McCarter Jr., PhDWilliam F. Albright Professor of Biblical and Ancient Near Eastern StudiesZanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

John D. McClelland, PhDFinancial EconomistU.S. Department of the Treasury

Robert B. McClelland, PhDResearch EconomistU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Eileen M. McGurty, PhDAssociate Program Chair, Environmental Sciences and PolicyAdvanced Academic Programs

Robert C. Means, SJDPresidentUSI, Inc.

David Menzie, PhDChief International Minerals SectionU.S. Geological Survey

Margaret Meyers, MFALecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Judit R. Milstein Regulatory Project Manager, Center for Drug Evaluation and ResearchU.S. Food and Drug Administration

Alexandra Minicozzi, PhD Financial AnalysistU.S. Department of the Treasury

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Kristin Minnick, PhDLecturer, Applied EconomicsAdvanced Academic Programs

Ronald C. Moe, PhDSpecialist in Government Organization and Management (Retired)Congressional Research Service

Glenn Moomau, MFAInstructorAmerican University

Lance MorganPartner and PresidentWeber Shandwick

Richard A. Morgan, PhDStaff ScientistNational Cancer Institute

Susan W. Morris, PhDFellow, Department of History of Science and TechnologyJohus Hopkins University

Alex Mourmouras, PhDDeputy Chief, European DivisionInternational Monetary Fund

Kathleen M. Murphy, PhDAssistant Professor, Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins Medical Institutions

Willamson Murray, PhDSenior FellowInstitute for Defense Analyses

Dean H. Nakamura, PhD/JDPartnerBell, Boyd, and Lloyd, L.L.C.

Fabio Natalucci, PhDEconomistFederal Reserve Board

Tom S. Neubig, PhDNational DirectorQuantitative Economics and Statistics

Nick Nichols, BACrisis Management Consultant (Retired)

William C. Nierman, PhDInvestigatorThe Institute for Genomic Research

William Noel, PhDCurator, Manuscripts and Rare BooksThe Walters Art Museum

Carolyn Norris, PhDLecturer, BiotechnologyAdvanced Academic Programs

Nancy R. Norris-Kniffin, PhDLecturer, Liberal ArtsAdvanced Academic Programs

Nicholas I. Obiri, PhDMicrobiologist, Division of Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of Health

Kristina Obom, PhDAssociate Program Chair, Advanced Biotechnology StudiesBiotechnology and BioinformaticsAdvanced Academic Programs

Sherry L. Ogg, PhDAdjunct ProfessorUniversity of Maryland, University College

Mark A. Olson, PhDResearch ChemistU.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases

Weiying Pan, PhDStaff ScientistPanacea Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Rekha G. Panchal, PhDSenior ScientistScience Applications International CorporationNational Cancer Institute at Frederick

Edward C. Papenfuse, PhDState Archivist and Commissioner of Land PatentsState of Maryland

George E. Parris, PhDLecturer, Environmental Sciences and PolicyAdvanced Academic Programs

Glenn G. Patterson, MSHydrologistU.S. Geological Survey

Richard Peabody, MALecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Rebecca S. Pearlman, PhDLecturer, BiotechnologyAdvanced Academic Programs

W. Edward Perlman, MAPoetry Advisor, Lecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Leslie Pietrzyk Lecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Paul Pillar, PhDNational Intelligence Officer for the Near East and South AsiaNational Intelligence Council

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Frank W. Pine, PhDSenior Project Manager/Senior ScientistEA Engineering, Science and Technology Inc.

Victoria R. Polonis, PhDPrincipal Investigator, Humoral Immunology Core LaboratoryHenry M. Jackson Foundation/U.S. Military HIV Research Program

John Quakenbush, PhDAssociate InvestigatorThe Institute for Genomic Research

Steve Rabinowitz PresidentRabinowitz/Dorf Communications

Mathumathi Rajavel, PhDLecturer, BiotechnologyAdvanced Academic Programs

Rodney Ramcharan, PhDEconomistInternational Monetary Fund

Ryan T. Ranallo, PhDInvestigator, Department of Enteric InfectionsWalter Reed Army Institute of Research

K. Jon Ranson, PhDHead, Biopheric Sciences BranchNASA

Harold K. Resnick, PhDManagement ConsultantBasehart, Inc.

Bruce C. Robertson, PhDChair, Advanced South Asia Area Studies, Foreign Service InstituteU.S. Department of State

Bonnie Robeson, PhDPresidentSpectrum BioScience, Inc.

Michael E. Rodgers, PhDResearch Scientist, BiologyZanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

John Rowland, PhDGeologist, LecturerAdvanced Academic Programs

Sharon S. Rowland, PhDAssociate Director of Regulatory Affairs and Quality AssuranceAeras Global TB Vaccine Foundation

Benjamin Runkle, PhDLecturer, Interdisciplinary ProgramsAdvanced Academic Programs

Meredith Safford, PhDIntramural Research Training Award FellowNational Institutes of Health

John Samples, PhDDirector, Center for Representative GovernmentThe Cato Institute

David Satter, BA/BLittVisiting ScholarJohns Hopkins UniversitySchool of Advanced International Studies

Andrew D. Sawyers, PhDAdministrator, Special Programs OfficeMaryland Department of the Environment

Ann M. Saybolt, BASenior Vice PresidentFleishman-Hillard, Inc.

Peter C. Scacheri, PhDPost Doctoral FellowNational Institutes of Health

George Scheper, PhDLecturer, Liberal ArtsAdvanced Academic Programs

John Schindler, PhDSenior EconomistFederal Reserve Board of Governors

Andrew Jay Schwartzman, JDPresident and Chief Executive OfficerMedia Access Project

Adam J. Segal, MASenior AssociateRabinowitz Media

Lisa A. Selbie, PhDLecturer and Coordinator, Australian Biotechnology InitiativeJohns Hopkins University

Adam Sheingate, PhDAssistant Professor of Political ScienceJohns Hopkins University

Michael Shelby, PhDChief, Economic Analysis BranchU.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Robert Shogan, BAAuthor/Journalist

Michael E. Siegel, PhDSenior Education SpecialistFederal Judicial Center

Larry Silverman, LLBAttorney-at-Law

Joanne Cavanaugh Simpson, MALecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Linda Skalet, PhDIndependent Art Historian

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Elizabeth S. Skurnick, MALecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Rhey M. Solomon, MSCEO, Resource Management Systems

E. Ray Sprenkle, DMAFaculty, Peabody InstituteJohns Hopkins University

Thomas H. Stanton, JDAttorney-at-Law

Manfred Stassen, PhDLecturer, Liberal ArtsAdvanced Academic Programs

J. Court Stevenson, PhDProfessor, Environmental and Estuarine SciencesUniversity of Maryland

Christopher W. Swarth, MSDirector, Jug Bay Wetlands SanctuaryAnne Arundel County Government

Joel Swerdlow Lecturer, Communication in Contemporary SocietyAdvanced Academic Programs

Katalin Szlavecz, PhDSenior Lecturer, Earth and Planetary SciencesZanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Sara Taber, EdDLecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Scott R. Talan, MPADirector of Marketing and CommunicationsNational Association of Schools of PublicAffairs and Administration

John Tambornino, PhDSocial Science Analyst and Project OfficerU.S. Department of Health and Human Services

Rita Teutonico, PhDDeputy Divisional DirectorMolecular and Cellular BiosciencesNational Science Foundation

Evan Thompson Lecturer, BiotechnologyAdvanced Academic Programs

Theodore To Research EconomistU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Charles D. Todd Editor-in-ChiefThe Hotline

Katheleen Toma, PhDFinancial EconomistU. S. Department of Treasury

Brooks T. Tomlin, MAMeteorologistKYW-TV, Philadelphia, PA

Michael S. Uhart, PhDDirectorNational Acid Precipitation Assessment ProgramNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Noel Uri, PhDAssociate Program ChairApplied Economics ProgramAdvanced Academic Programs

Jonathan R. Veum, PhDResearch Analysis DirectorFreddie Mac

Stephen Vicchio, PhDProfessor, PhilosophyCollege of Notre Dame

Robert John Vigfusson, PhDEconomistFederal Reserve

Gary Vikan, PhDDirectorThe Walters Art Museum

Erwin J. Villiger, PhDGeographic Systems Lab ManagerGeorge Mason University

Cynthia Wagner Lecturer, BiotechnologyAdvanced Academic Programs

Nolan J. Walters, MADirector of ProgramsNational Press Foundation

Ronald G. Walters, PhDProfessor, HistoryJohns Hopkins University

Newell R. Washburn, PhDResearch ChemistNational Institute of Standards and Technology

Robert P. Webb, PhDInvestigatorU.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Disease

Paul J. Weinstein, MAChief Operating Officer/Senior FellowProgressive Policy Institute

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David A. Weiskopf Senior Managing EconomistLECG, LLC

Frank D. Weiss, PhDLecturerJohns Hopkins UniversitySchool of Advanced International Studies

Susan Forscher Weiss, PhDMusicologyPeabody Institute

Anthony R. Welch, PhDPro-Virus, Inc.

Paul Weldon, PhDLecturer, Environmental Sciences and PolicyAdvanced Academic Programs

Karen M. Wells, PhDLecturer, BiotechnologyAdvanced Academic Programs

Tim Wendel, MALecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Laura Wexler, MAWriter and Editor

William Tom Whalen Lecturer, Applied EconomicsAdvanced Academic Programs

Kenneth D. Wilde, PhDChiefDivision of Environmental Microbiology (Retired)Maryland Public Health Laboratories

James Wilkinson Deputy National Security Advisor of CommunicationsThe White House

Elly Williams, MAFaculty, Sewanee Young Writers ConferenceOhio University PhD Candidate

Dean V. Williamson, PhDEconomist, Antitrust DivisionU.S. Department of Justice

Greg Williamson, MALecturer, WritingAdvanced Academic Programs

Adam Wolfson, PhDEditorThe Public Interest

Dorothea I. Wolfson, PhDLecturer, GovernmentAdvanced Academic Programs

D. Robert Worley Research Staff MemberInstitute for Defense Analyses

Durwood J. Zaelke, JDPresidentCenter for International Environmental Law

Egon Zakrajsek, PhDSenior EconomistFederal Reserve Board

Susan Zimmerman, PhDAssociate Professor of EnglishQueens College, CUNY

Benjamin L. Zingman Lecturer, Communication in Contemporary SocietyAdvanced Academic Programs

Nancy E. Zinn, PhDAssistant to the Director,Director of ExhibitionsThe Walters Art Museum

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The Advanced Academic Programs holds classes at

Homewood CampusSuite G1 / Wyman Park Bldg.3400 N. Charles StreetBaltimore, MD 21218

Montgomery County Campus9601 Medical Center DriveRockville, MD 20850

The Washington Center1717 Massachusetts Ave, N.W.Washington, DC 20036

The HEAT Center1201 Technology DriveAberdeen, MD 21001

directions and Maps

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Homewood CampusSuite g1 / Wyman Park Bldg.3400 n. Charles StreetBaltimore, Md 21218410-516-6749 advanced.jhu.edu /campuses/directions.html

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Montgomery County Campus9601 Medical Center driveRockville, Md 20850301-294-7239 advanced.jhu.edu/campuses/directions.html

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The Washington Center1717 Massachusetts Ave, n.W.Washington, d.C. 20036202-452-1280 advanced.jhu.edu/campuses/directions.html

Montgomery County Campus

Applied Physics Laboratory

HomewoodCampus

BALTIMORE

WASHINGTON, D.C.

Dorsey Center

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The HEAT Center1201 Technology driveAberdeen, Md 21001410-638-2500 www.heatcentermaryland.com/pages/contact/default.htm

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MD 22

MD 24

Churchville Rd.

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ABERDEEN

Chesapeake Bay

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indexAAcademic Advising Week 11Academic and Registration Calendar 1Academic Integrity 15Academic Regulations for Online Courses 13Academic Standing 15Academic Structure 15Accelerated Students 12Acceptance of Admissions 9Adding/Dropping/Changing to Audit 11Additional Student Services 21Administrative and Technical Support, Online 21Admission Requirements 8Admission Status 11Admission to Other Divisions or Programs of the

University 9Advisors 15Alcohol and Drug Policy 25Alternative Loans 22Americans With Disabilities Act Policy (ADA) 24Application Fee 16Application and Admissions 8Application for Graduation 13Applied Economics 26Auditing a Course 12

BBioinformatics 47Bioscience Regulatory Affairs 58Biotechnology 30Book Center, Homewood 19Bookstore, Montgomery County Campus 20Bookstore, Washington, D.C. 20

CC Grade 14Career Exploration 21Change of Program 9Change of Student Status 10CIRLA (Chesapeake Information and Research Library

Alliance) 18Class Structure 14Communication in Contemporary Society 60Completion of Degree Requirements 13Completion of Prerequisites 12Computers, Homewood 18Computers, Montgomery County Campus 19Computers, Washington, D.C. 20Contact Information 2Continuation of Enrollment Fee 17Course Cancellation 16Course Credit 16

Course Enrollment Limits 12Course Fees 17Course Load 12Course Numbering System 16

dDeadlines for Application, Acceptance and Matriculation 9Deadlines for Completing Degree Requirements 13Degree Candidate 9Directions and Maps 126Disabled Student Support 21Dismissal 10, 14Dropping a Course 11

EEmployer Contract 12Environmental Sciences and Policy 71Evening Food Services, Homewood 19

F F Grade 11F1 Visa 9Facilities and Student Services 18Faculty 116FASFA Form 22Federal Direct Student Loan 22Federal Perkins Loan 22Fee for Removal of an Incomplete Grade 17Financial Aid 22Financial Aid Programs 22Five-year Limit 15Food and Refreshments, Montgomery County Campus 20Food and Refreshments, Washington, D.C. 20

gGeneral Credentials and Materials 8Government 82Grade Disputes 15Grade Reports 16Grading Requirements 14Grading Scale 14Grading System 14Graduate Degrees, Concentrations and Certificates 8Graduation Fee 17Graduation Requirements 13Graduation Review Process 13

HHomeland Security: International, Domestic, and Scientific

Dimensions 93Homewood Campus 18Hopkins Student Union, Homewood 19Host School (see Registering for Courses in

Other Divisions) 13

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iID Card 18Inclement Weather Announcements 21Incompletes 14Interdivisional 12International Students 9Interprogram 13

JJ Card 18

lLate Registration 11Late Registration Fee 11Leave of Absence, Inactive, Dismissed, and

Not Admitted 10Liberal Arts 95Library Services, Homewood 18Library Services, Montgomery County Campus 19Library Services, Online 21Library Services, Washington, D.C. 20

MM Grade 16Mail-in Registration 11Maps and Directions 126Midterm Status Report 16Montgomery County Campus 19MS/MBA 56

nNon-Degree Seeking Student (see Special Student) 10Not Admitted 10Notice of Nondiscriminatory Policy 23

OOnline Access to Library Resources 18Online Learning 21Online Library Access 14Other Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences

Programs 112

PParking, Homewood 19Parking, Montgomery County Campus 20Parking, Washington, D.C. 20Photography and Film Rights Policy 25Policy on Possession of Firearms on University Premises 24Policy on the Reserve Officer Training Corps 23Policy Statements 23Principal Administrative Officers and Deans 115Probation and Dismissal 14Procedures for Students with Disabilities 21Provisional Student 10

RRefund Policy 17Refund Schedule 17Registering for Courses in Other Programs/Divisions 13Registration for Online Courses 13Registration Requirements 11Registration Requirements for Online Courses 21Required Orientation Course 13Residency Requirements 14Review, Decision Process and Timing 8

SSecond Master’s Degree 16Security Services, Homewood 19Security Services, Montgomery County Campus 20Security Services, Washington, D.C. 20Semester/Term Schedule 16Sexual Harassment Prevention and Resolution Policy 24Special Student 10Statement Regarding the Privacy Rights of Students 24Student Status 9Students Visas 9

TTextbooks (for online courses) 14Time Extension 15Time Limitation 15Title IV Refunds 22TOEFL 9Transcript 15Transcripts 16Transfer Credits 15Trustees and Administration 114Tuition 17Tuition and Fees 16Tuition Payment 12

UUniversity Alcohol and Drug Policy for Students 25

VVeterans Benefits 23

WWaived Classes 12Washington Center/Administrative Offices 20Ways to Register 11WebCT Course Management System 21Web-Supported Course Sites 21WES 9Withdrawals 15Writing 102

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