2 peter and jude responses to the threat of corruption
TRANSCRIPT
2 Peter and JudeResponses to the threat of corruption
The threat of corruption (2 Peter/Jude)
External corruption (Jude)The “Others”
Internal corruption (2 Peter)“False teachers”
The response of compassionate rescue
The nature of Christian waiting
The nature of the Christian literature
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 2
Jude and the Apocalyptic Genre/ Use of non-canonical literature in the NT
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 3
Introduction to JudeAuthor
Recipients
Date
Nature of the work
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 4
Introduction to Apocalyptic
Spatial axis
Temporal axis
Ethical purpose
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 5
SalutationBrevity
Author
Recipients
Identified as Christians (“Beloved”)
Not identified by location
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 6
Thematic statementDear friends, although I was very eager to write
to you about the salvation we share, I felt I had to write and urge you to contend for the faith that was once for all entrusted to the saints.
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 7
Proof for the Thematic Statement
Israel in the wilderness
Fallen Angels in Gen 6
Sodom and Gomorrah
Michael and the devil
Cain, Balaam, Korah
Enoch
Use of non-canonical scripture
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 8
Final ProphecyProphecy from the apostles
Concerns the last times
Scoffers follow desires/ natural instincts
Do not have the Spirit
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 9
Closing Exhortation Build selves up in the faith
Pray in the Holy Spirit
Keep yourself in God’s love
Wait for Jesus/ eternal life
Be merciful to “those who doubt”; rescue the “Others” carefully
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 10
Closing DoxologyTo him who is able to keep you from fallingThe only God our Savior
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 11
Second PeterOutline and Detailed Study
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 12
Summary of Introduction:Date
Author
Recipients
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 13
Date - several factors are important:
After Jude, for it uses Jude
After Paul's letters were known (3:15-16)
After the apostolic generation or perhaps the missionaries to that group had died (3:4)
Probably after a first letter (probably not 1 Peter).
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 14
Author Author has written at least once previously to these
churches
Author tends to be autobiographical (unlike 1 Peter)
Author feels free to use Jude via aemulatio
Author knows 1 Enoch, but omits the direct quotation from Jude.
Author's concerns are not the Christological issues of the second century.
Author uses Hellenistic style and language
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 15
Recipients Bothered by false teachers:
These once accepted Christian morality, but have now departed from it (1:3-11)
Their crimes are reviling angelic/demonic beingssensuality
These Christians are struggling with parousia delay (ch. 3)
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 16
Outline:Basic Outline:
Bauckham's Outline:
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 17
Content (Bauckham's outline)
The following lecture(s) will follow the outline in Bauckham’s commentary
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 18
Greeting (1:1-2)Titles differ from that in 1 Peter, the latter being
more formal.
The letter is addressed to Christians who:Are come to faith through Jesus' righteousness.Have received a faith equally privileged (or precious) as
that of the apostles.Recognize Jesus as both God and savior Grace and peace come from the knowledge of God
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 19
Thematic sermon (1:3-11)Jesus' gift (1:3-4)
Based on his divine power Evil is corruption due to “desire” (epithumia)Focused in the knowledge of Jesus
Epignostic soteriology
Result is some rather exalted promises:
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 20
Christian virtue (1:5-9)Faith
Virtue (moral excellence)
Knowledge
Self-Control
Patient endurance
Piety, godliness (Hellenistic)
Brotherly love
Love
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 21
Conclusion (1:10-11)Based on the above, one should "make all the more effort" to
"ratify" or "guarantee" the calling of God
The alternative
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 22
Apology for the sermon (1:12-21)
Peter's death = need for reminder (1:12-15)He speaks of his present body as a "tent" cf. 2 Cor. 5:1His death is an "exodus" This is what gives the letter its testametal nature
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 23
Peter's experience = veracity (1:16-18)
The apostles have not followed "myths" in the gospel
They are "eyewitnesses" of the manifest glory of Christ
Jesus "receives" honor and glory in transfig.
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 24
Prophetic word = other proof of veracity (1:19-21)
echomen bebaioteron . . . = to have a most firm grip on
They should do the same, for scripture is a light in the dark.
Christ is the morning star; the arising is the parousiaThe parousia is the full revelation to which the prophets
point.Prophecy is God-given (1:20-21)
The prophets spoke by divine inspiration:
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 25
Peter's Response to the False Teachers 2:1-22
Prediction of False Teachers.He compares false teachers to false prophetsCharacteristics
"deny Christ" Results
Many follow them into dissolution
Gospel is slandered
Teachers will be condemned
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 26
The Certainty of Judgment 2:4-10a
The judgment of the angels
The judgment of the floodThe flood's devastationNoah's deliverance
The judgment of SodomThe city's destructionLot's righteousness and suffering
God is quite capable of saving the righteous and punishing the wicked
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 27
Denunciation of False Teachers 2:10b-22
Their slander of angels 2:10b-13a
Their moral corruption 2:13b-16
Their lack of promise 2:17-22
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 28
The Issue of the Parousia 3:1-13
Prediction of Scofffers 3:1-7Purpose of the letter 3:1-2
The first letterProphets and apostolic teaching
Description of the scoffers 3:3-4Two charges are laid:
scoffing at Parousia following their desires
God's word is firm
Three Periods of world history:
God is Forbearing 3:8-10
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 29
Exhortation 3:11-13To "holy and godly conduct"
To "eschatological waiting" cf. Jude 21 and gospels
This "hastens" (speudontas) the parousia
The new heavens and earth
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 30
Conclusion 3:14-18Exhortation to peace 3:14-16
Exhortation to growth 3:17-18a
Concluding doxology 3:18b
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 31
2 PeterThis is the outline of the instructor, following
some of the principles of ancient letter writing and rhetoric
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 32
Salutation (1:1-2)
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 33
Letter Opening (1:3-15)Opening Sermon (1:3-11)
Historical Introduction: the Divine BenefactionCall to virtue
Purpose Statement (1:12-15)
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 34
Letter Body (1:16-3:13)The Implications of the Transfiguration
(1:16-21)
Condemnation of false teachers (2:1-22)Introduction to the false teachers (2:1-3)Scriptural arguments why God will judge the false
teachers 2:4-10aThe arrogance of the false teachers 2:10b - 12The immorality of the false teachers 2:13-16The condemnation of the false teachers 2:17-22
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 35
Letter body continuedConclusions about the Day of the Lord
(3:1-13) Introduction to the day of the Lord 3:1-2The denial of the day of the Lord refuted from scripture
3:3-7The reason the day of the Lord appears delayed 3:8-9Conclusions: Nature and implications of the day of the
Lord 3:10-13
Summary concerning the Christian life (3:14-16) Body closing
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 36
Letter Closing (3:17-18)
04/18/23General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter 37